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Title:
TWO-ROTOR HYBRID DEVICE
Document Type and Number:
WIPO Patent Application WO/2011/041855
Kind Code:
A2
Abstract:
The present invention of two-rotor hybrid device (THD) relates to machinery engineering and is directed to increase its technological effectiveness, efficiency, power density, smooth work, convenience in exploitation and repair, to decrease price of the vehicle. The peculiarity of cinematics of the movement transforming mechanism allows to provide work of the THD engine without big losses of the linear mechanic power in the upper dead point (UDP), and therefore increase its efficiency. That is why THD is created on the base of "orbital rotor" internal combustion engine with new cinematics of movement forms transformation. Its usage namely provides composite action of electric and mechanic compound force elements of THD: two-in- one that increases under-cowling part of the car. The possibility of controllable deceleration of THD rotors in the working cycle without interruption of power train work, allows to provide quick transmission of electric and/or mechanic power to the drive of vehicle, correct work of drive depending on the load on the main shaft of the engine, its rotation frequency. Due to this control the increased efficiency and THD life, fuel saving, and also convenience in driving vehicle and its manoeuvrability are achieved. Due to the presence of curved ribs and also blow-through channels with outlet tubes on the lateral surfaces of each rotor of THD, the rotors can self-cool during its rotation, even if the vehicle stays still, that allows to perform heat elimination from THD without compulsory cooling systems. The THD of different variants of embodiment may perform different functions: of direct drive (wheel) of vehicle, of rotor for electric generator. While mounting on the rotors ship drives comprising propellers with blades, the THD allows to provide direct reverse transmission, change of the ship floating direction. The shown aggregation of the essential features, characterizes the advantage of THD before other existing hybrid devices. The models and experimental industrial samples of some variants of THD are manufactured. Even on this level they demonstrate not only working capacity, but also effective reliability. Moreover, all the samples work without compulsory cooling systems, they self-cool, simultaneously with THD work, without overheating.

Inventors:
GOYTEMIROV RAMZAN USMANOVICH (AZ)
Application Number:
PCT/AZ2009/000008
Publication Date:
April 14, 2011
Filing Date:
October 06, 2009
Export Citation:
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Assignee:
GOYTEMIROV RAMZAN USMANOVICH (AZ)
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Claims:
CLAIMS

1. A two-rotor hybrid device, containing rotor internal combustion engine, drive of propulsive device, meant for transmission of electrical and/or mechanical power to the vehicle drive, wherein the two-rotor hybrid device comprises the internal combustion engine comprising two rotors placed concentrically towards each other on the hinges, the outer rotor (the first rotor) comprises a rim with closed orbital T-shaped profile races of oval, ovular, elliptical or epitrochoidal configuration, the inner rotor (the second rotor) performed as a block of cylinders hard-mounted on the shaft with gear rim connected with the body of the two-rotor hybrid device by means of a hinge, with the cylinders positioned radially, or pairwise parallel, or pairwise perpendicular, or in other way depending on the variant of embodiment of the engine, pistons positioned in the said cylinders, fingers articulated to them with one end, connecting rods, each of them articulated in its middle part with tie articulated on the arm of the block of cylinders and creating with an axes of cylinder an angle more than 90° turned to the center of the block of cylinders, corresponding to the position of the piston in the UDP dead point, the other end of the connecting rod enclosing a bearing on the shaft on the both ends of which there are positioned pairwise bearing rollers and hard pressure disks, which in contact with the said races at time of alternative deceleration of rotors by means of a mechanism of controllable deceleration during the working cycle can switch and rotate in mutually opposite directions. 2.Two-rotor hybrid device, wherein on the lateral surfaces of each rotor there are curved ribs performed in a form of segments inclined to the radius of the rotor towards its rotation, or in a form of concentric circles, or in a form of Archimedean spiral.

3. Two-rotor hybrid device of claims 1 and 2, wherein on each rotor there are performed blow- through channels with outlet tubes through which gas or liquid may pass, at that outlet tubes of one of the surfaces of the rotor are oriented towards its forward rotation and can to draw in gas or liquid, but tubes of the other surface of the rotor are oriented against its rotation direction (backwards) and can eject this gas or liquid during rotation.

4. Two-rotor hybrid device of claim 1 , wherein on the outer surface of the first rotor (rim) there are placed permanent magnets axial, or radial, or axial-radial depending on the circuit of electric generator and hybrid device: disk type (axial); cylinder type (radial); both types (axial-radial), which can produce at rotation of the said rotor electric current in the winding of stator placed outside, and hard-attached to the body of the device.

5. Two-rotor hybrid device of claim 1 , wherein on the outer rim of the first rotor is covered with rubber or rubber fabric cover (tire), whilst the device performs function of propulsive device (wheel) of a vehicle, so that at deceleration of the block of cylinders of the second rotor the wheel rotates providing movement of the vehicle, but at deceleration of the wheel, the second rotor rotates (block of cylinders) and the vehicle stays still.

Two-rotor hybrid device of claim 1 , wherein on the each rotor on the mountings or on the shaft with chain, or belt, or gear transmission on the bearings there are positioned ship propulsion devices comprising propellers with blades turned to the same direction, which can rotate in the opposite directions towards each other and thus provide the movement of the ship in the opposite directions.

Description:
TWO-ROTOR HYBRID DEVICE

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the field of machinery and power engineering. The invention presents a two-rotor hybrid device (THD). The invention may be used on different vehicles: motorcycles, tractors, cars and ships.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

From the literature sources it is known that the drawbacks of the cars supplied with hybrid devices are:

1. High complexity.

Hybrid cars are more complex and expensive then traditional cars with internal combustion engines. Storage batteries have a small range of working temperatures, prone to self discharge. Besides this they are more expensive to repair. The experience of US car industry shows that mechanics set to fix hybrid cars unwillingly. USA try to solve the problem of expensiveness by means of favorable taxation.

Not all the big car manufacturers could create the own hybrid system. Porsche company refused from trials of independent manufacturing of hybrid car. Mitsubishi company initially didn't make trials to create hybrid car, but concentrated its forces on developing electric cars. Today the most successful serial development is the Hybrid Synergy Drive of Toyota.

2. Salvaging of batteries.

The hybrid cars as well as the electric cars, although to less extent are liable to the problem of salvaging. The effect of thrown away batteries presents a serious danger to the environment.

3. High price of some models.

Naturally, the complexity and "non-conventionality" of creation of some models induces increase of the price on the cars.

The internal combustion engines with crank mechanism and camshafts which are used in the hybrid devices are quite imperfect type of heat engine; they have low power density, low efficiency, strong vibrations and high noise level, a big amount of toxic ejections, lower resource, etc. Moreover, its usage together with the electric generator piles up and increases under- cowling part of the car. It is impossible to use the traditional engine directly as a rotor for the electric generator and direct propulsion device for vehicles. AIM OF THE INVENTION

In the two-rotor hybrid device we use a new engine without crankshaft and camshaft, having high power density, high efficiency, low vibrations and low level of noise, minimal toxic ejections, long life and big overhaul period, etc. The THD is created on the base of "orbital rotor" internal combustion engine. Its usage namely provides combined work of electric and mechanic components of power elements of the THD (two-in-one), that clears the under-cowling part of the car significantly. The new engine allows to use it without drive directly as a rotor for the * electric generator and the direct propulsion device of the vehicles. The internal combustion engine according to the Georgian patent #2668 may be used as a prototype. It consists of shaft, rim with race of elliptic form, cylinders converging together by their upper parts and connecting rod with pressing rollers contacting with the race of the rim. The prototype has quite low efficiency and life, but its work is not smooth enough.. In the said engine rods (connecting rods) with the pressing rollers positioned on them, move in the direction close to straight line and, interacting with the rim create force torque , have small value because of the small value of the projection of the resultant force on the tangential component force acting on the rim. Because of this the loss of gas pressure from the fuel combustion takes place, especially at the first moment when the gas pressure on the piston is maximal and the rod has small angle with the perpendicular to the tangent to the ellipse. Moreover, during the work of the prototype the discontinuity in the action of the working force creating torque takes place.

The closest to the claimed invention by its essential features is an internal combustion engine according to the patent EAPO #011059 chosen as a prototype of the claimed inventions, which passed the search and examination PCT #WO 2007/090248 and lacks the drawbacks of the prototype mentioned above. It comprises a rim with orbital races of oval or any other centrally symmetric configuration, enclosed by this races block of radially converging together combustion chambers of cylinders with pistons positioned inside of them, and connecting rods articulated with the said pistons and with the second-class lever mounted on the block of cylinders, the said rods having on the other ends pressing rollers contacting with the mentioned races. The block of cylinders is mounted with the possibility of controllable shift from the rotation axis of the rim, but the engine is supplied with the means for fulfilment of the said shift. The rim is mounted with the possibility of plain-parallel transfer along the circle with the diameter less than the piston stroke, synchronised with the frequency of the rotation of the block of cylinders, but the engine is supplied with the means for realisation of the said transfer. In case of engine embodied with four-step working cycle the number of blades of orbital races is even and/or the number of cylinders is odd and more than number of blades. The said prototype couldn't be efficiently used in the hybrid power-generating set without significant design changes.

The other engines that might be used as a rotor for the electric generator and direct propulsion device for vehicles (two-in-one) have short life, first of all due to the excessive wear of the carrier units conditioned by the presence of dry sliding friction inside of them. These engines as well as traditional ones are characterised with significant losses of the gas pressure forces from the fuel combustion, especially at the first moment, when the piston is in the UDP and the pressure of the said gases is maximal.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

(Novelty, invention step)

In the different embodiments of the invention the targeted aim is reached by the fact the THD comprises two rotors placed concentrically towards each other on the hinges, the outer rotor (the first rotor) comprises a rim with closed orbital T-shaped profile races of oval, ovular, elliptical or epitrochoidal configuration, the inner rotor (the second rotor) performed as a block of cylinders hard-mounted on the shaft with gear rim connected with the body of the two-rotor hybrid device by means of a hinge, with the cylinders positioned radially, or pairwise parallel, or pairwise perpendicular, or in other way depending on the variant of embodiment of the engine, pistons positioned in the said cylinders, fingers articulated to them with one end, connecting rods, each of them articulated in its middle part with tie articulated on the arm of the block of cylinders and creating with an axes of cylinder an angle more than 90° turned to the center of the block of cylinders, corresponding to the position of the piston in the upper dead point (UDP), the other end of the connecting rod enclosing a bearing on the shaft on the both ends of which there are positioned pairwise bearing rollers and hard pressure disks, which in contact with the said races at time of alternative deceleration of rotors by means of a mechanism of controllable deceleration during the working sycle can switch and rotate in mutually opposite directions. On the lateral surfaces of each rotor there are curved ribs performed in a form of segments inclined to the radius of the rotor towards its rotation, or in a form of concentric circles, or in a form of Archimedean spiral. On each rotor there are performed blow-through channels with outlet tubes through which gas or liquid may pass, at that outlet tubes of one of the surfaces of the rotor are oriented towards its forward rotation and can to draw in gas or liquid, but tubes of the other surface of the rotor are oriented against its rotation direction (backwards) and can eject this gas or liquid during rotation. On the outer surface of the first rotor (rim) there are placed permanent magnets, axial, or radial, or axial-radial depending on the circuit of electric generator and hybrid device: disk type (axial); cylinder type (radial); both types (axial-radial), which can produce at rotation of the said rotor electric current in the winding of stator placed outside, and hard- attached to the body of the device. When the outer rim of the first rotor is covered with rubber or rubber fabric cover (tire), whilst the device performs function of propulsive device (wheel) of a vehicle, so that at deceleration of the block of cylinders of the second rotor the wheel rotates providing movement of the vehicle, but at deceleration of the wheel, the second rotor rotates (block of cylinders) and the vehicle stays still. On the each rotor on the mountings or on the shaft with chain, or belt, or gear transmission on the bearings there are positioned ship propulsion devices comprising propellers with blades turned to the same direction, which can rotate in the opposite directions towards each other and thus provide the movement of the ship in the opposite directions.

There is the following cause-effect connection between the distinctive features of the two-rotor hybrid device and achieved results:

The peculiarity of cinematics of the movement transforming mechanism - transforming the straight-line motion into rotation motion of the rim - allows to perform turn of the rim without losses of linear mechanical power of the piston in the UDP, when the pressure force of the pressure disks is performed in the direction opposite to the rim rotation direction. This provides an effective work of the engine with the minimal power losses and bigger efficiency.

It is to be noted that due to the small deviations of the connecting rod from the cylinder axis, the losses from the asymmetrical reaction of the connecting rod on the shaft are small too.

The possibility of controllable deceleration of THD rotors in the working cycle allows to provide quick transmission of electric and/or mechanic power to the drive of the vehicle without interrupting work of power train, correct (for example, from the on-board computer of the vehicle or of the power plant) work of the drive depending on the load on the main shaft of the engine and rotation frequency. Due to this control the increased efficiency and life of THD, fuel saving, comfortable vehicle driving and maneuvering capability are achieved.

Thanks to the presence on the lateral surfaces of each rotor of curved ribs performed in a form of segments inclined to the radius of the rotor towards its rotation, or in a form of concentric circles, or in a form of Archimedean spiral, and also blow-through channels with outlet tubes through which gas or liquid may pass, the rotors can self-cool during rotation even if the vehicle is still. At this, the more fuel enters the combustion chamber of the engine, the more it heats, accelerating the work, increasing load and heat-up of the other details and units of the device, the more quickly rotate rotors and the more quickly the heat elimination form the THD is performed. The possibility of positioning permanent magnets on the outer surface of the engine rim and of the stator winding outside close to the magnets can provide transmission of the electric power to the drive of the vehicle in the working cycle at the rotation of the rotor. The possibility of positioning rubber or rubber fabric cover (wheel tire) on the said rim allows THD to perform function of drive (wheel) of the vehicle, so that at the deceleration of the block of cylinders of the second rotor, the wheel rotates providing movement of the vehicle, but at the deceleration of the wheel the second rotor rotates (block of cylinders) and vehicle stays still.

While mounting on the rotors ship drives comprising propellers with blades, the THD allows to provide direct reverse transmission, change of the ship floating direction.

The said aggregation of the essential features, characterizing variants of the THD is not known from the art yet and do not follow clearly from it. Only the presence of the characterizing features in the present invention allows to achieve the targeted result.

EMBODYMENTS OF THE INVENTION

(Industrial applicability)

The essence of the invention is illustrated by diagrammatic drawings that show the following:

Fig.1 - shows the THD comprising four-cylinder internal combustion engine, consisting of two rotors concentrically positioned on the hinges.

Fig.2 - shows the THD of Fig. 1 , comprising four-cylinder internal combustion engine characterized by pairwise perpendicular positioning of cylinder axes against each other. Fig.3 - shows the THD of Fig. 1 , comprising two-cylinder internal combustion engine characterized by pairwise parallel positioning of cylinder axes against each other.

Fig.4 - shows variant of THD designed for the transmission of electric and mechanic power to the drive of the vehicle, which comprises "orbital rotor" internal combustion engine, on the outer surface of the first rotor (rim) the permanent axial magnets and stator are positioned.

Fig.5 - shows variant of THD designed for the transmission of electric and mechanic power to the drive of the vehicle, which comprises "orbital rotor" internal combustion engine, characterized by positioning of permanent axial-radial magnets and stator on the outer surface of the first rotor. Fig.6 - shows variant of THD designed for the transmission of mechanic power to the drive of the vehicle, which comprises "orbital rotor" internal combustion engine, the outer rim of the first rotor is covered with the rubber or rubber fabric cover (wheel tire), at this, the rim performs the function of drive (wheel) of the vehicle. On the same figure the curved ribs performed in a form of circles are shown.

Fig.7 - shows variant of THD of Fig.6 designed for the transmission of mechanic and usage of electric power to the drive of the vehicle, which comprises "orbital rotor" internal combustion engine, the outer rim of the first rotor is covered with the rubber or rubber fabric cover (wheel tire), characterized by positioning of permanent axial magnets and stator on the outer lateral surface of the first rotor (rim).

Fig.8 - shows variant of THD designed for transmission of mechanic power to the drive of the vehicle, which comprises "orbital rotor" internal combustion engine, on each rotor there are mounted the ship drives comprising propellers with blades turned to the same direction, which can rotate in the opposite directions towards each other at alternate switch of rotors, and thus provide the movement of the ship in the opposite directions. On this figure the curved ribs performed in a form of Archimedean spiral are shown. Fig.9 - shows variant of THD of Fig.8 designed for transmission of mechanic power to the drive of the vehicle, which comprises "orbital rotor" internal combustion engine, characterized by ship drives, comprising propellers with blades, mounted on bearing on the shaft with chain, or belt, or gear transmission. On the Fig. 1 ,2 and 3 there are shown the most typical variants of embodiment of "orbital rotor" internal combustion engine. There might be dozens of variants of configuration of races and embodiments of the said engine, therefore for the simplicity and convenience of description we limit it with the images of races of ellipse configuration. Besides this, the bodies of hybrid device also may be different, for example in a form of car chassis, or motorcycle fork and therefore we do not show it.

The two-rotor hybrid device comprises the internal combustion engine consisting of two rotors placed concentrically towards each other on the hinges 18, rotors 1 and 3, the outer rotor 1 (the first one) comprises rim 2 with closed orbital T-shaped profile races of oval, ovular, elliptical or epitrochoidal configuration, the inner rotor (the second one) performed as a block of cylinders 3 hard-mounted on the shaft 15 with gear rim 17 connected with the body of the two-rotor hybrid device by means of a hinge 16, with the cylinders 4 positioned radially, or pairwise parallel, or pairwise perpendicular, or in other way depending on the variant of embodiment of the engine, pistons 5 positioned in the said cylinders, fingers 6 articulated to them with one end, connecting rods 7, each of them articulated in its middle part with tie 12 articulated on the arm 13 of the block of cylinders and creating with an axes of cylinder 4 an angle more than 90° turned to the center of the block of cylinders 3, corresponding to the position of the piston in the UDP, the other end of the connecting rod 7 enclosing bearing 8 on the shaft 11 on the both ends of which there are positioned pairwise bearing rollers 9 and hard pressure disks 10, which in contact with the said races at time of alternative deceleration of rotors (1 and 3) by means of a mechanism of controllable deceleration 14 during the working cycle can switch and rotate in mutually opposite directions.

On the Fig. 4, 6, 8 and 9 the different curved ribs and blow-through channels are shown. As it is seen on the figures, on the lateral surfaces of each rotor there are curved ribs performed in a form of segments 28 (Fig. 4) inclined to the radius of the rotor towards its rotation, or in a form of concentric circles 29 (Fig. 6), or in a form of Archimedean spiral 30 (Fig. 8). On the rotors 1 and 3 of the THD there are performed blow-through channels with outlet tubes 31 (Fig. 9) through which gas or liquid may pass.

Let us consider three variants of embodiment of THD, which are shown on the figures 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9.

In the first variant of the embodiment of THD, the mechanism of controllable deceleration 14 allows to rotate outer rim of the first rotor of THD with the permanent magnets 19 placed on its outer surface (Fig. 4). Outside the said rotor the stator 20 is hard-mounted on the body of THD. During the deceleration of the first rotor (rim 2), the second rotor (block 3 ) rotates, rigidly bound with the shaft 15.

In the second variant of embodiment of THD on the outer rim of the first rotor the rubber or rubber fabric (car tire) 21 is placed. At this, THD performs function of drive (wheel) of the vehicle.

In the third variant of the embodiment of THD on each rotor on the mountings 23, or on the shaft 26 with chain or belt (correspondingly with asterisk or with sheave 24), or gear transmission 27, on the bearings 25 the ship drives, comprising propellers with blades 22, turned to the same direction are positioned.

The "orbital rotor" internal combustion engine of three embodiments shown on figures 1 , 2 and 3 works as follows.

The shaft 15 is turned by means of starter in order to start the engine. The known fuel supply, starting and gas distribution systems (not shown on figures) provide start and work of the engine. At this, the pistons perform forced reciprocating movements provided by well-known 2- and 4- step working cycle of the engine and races of T-shaped profile. The pressing disks press on the curved surfaces of T-shaped profile races and create tangential compound of the force created by explosion of fuel mixture in the combustion chambers of the cylinders, the said force creates torque of the engine. The transmission of movement to the rim by connecting rod when the pistons are in the UDP, but the tie makes with the axis of cylinder an angle more than 90°, turned to the center of the block of cylinders, occurs in the following way. For example, the second rotor (block 3) is kept still without possibility of rotation by means of the mechanism of controllable deceleration. Then, at the first moment, thanks to the said disposition of the tie towards the axis of the cylinder and movement of the piston along this straight axis, one end articulated on the finger of the connecting rod also moves, but its other end with the pressing rollers moves simultaneously in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the first rotor (rim 2). At this, the pressure force of the pressing rollers acting on the rim in the UDP of the piston shifts opposite to the direction of shift of the segment of the race of the rim, corresponding to the UDP. This movement continues until the angle a_ becomes equal to 90°. Such movement leads to significant saving of linear mechanical energy of piston in the UDP, unreachable not practically nor by theoretically while using crank gear for energy conversion. Further, when the piston leaves the UDP position, but the angle a gets equal to 90°, the further movement of piston leads to the shift of pressure force of pressing disks in the direction correspondent to the shift of the segment of the race of the rim, i.e. in the direction of rotation of the second rotor (rim 2). At this tangential compound of pressure force of pressing disks, acting on the rim increases vigorously. Thus, during both periods of time when the angle a is bigger, but then less than 90°, rotation of the rim and therefore work of the engine perform without significant losses of linear mechanic energy of the piston.

This circumstance is determined by particularity of cinematic of the movement form transforming mechanism: linear movement of piston into rotation movement of the rim. In fact this "connecting rod-tie" mechanism for movement form transforming allows to turn rim without power loss when the pressure force of the pressing disks acts in the direction opposite to the rim rotation.

The said shifts are comparatively small, but enough to provide effective work of the engine with minimal losses and big efficiency.

Let us note that due to the small shifts of the connecting rod from the cylinder axis, the losses caused by asymmetrical reaction of the connecting rod on the shaft are also small.

At deceleration of the rim (first rotor) of the engine, the block (second rotor) rotates and the work of the engine performs according to the scheme described above. In this case shift of pressure force of pressing disks occurs in the direction correspondent to the rotation of the second rotor. The possibility of controllable deceleration of THD rotors in the working cycle allows to provide quick transmission of the electric and/or mechanic power to the vehicle drive without interrupting work of the power train.

The two-rotor hybrid device in three variants of embodiment shown on the figures 4,5,6,7,8 and 9works in the following way.

In the first variant of the THD embodiment, at time of deceleration of the second rotor by means of the mechanism of controllable deceleration according to the working scheme of "orbital rotor" engine, the first rotor rotates, but permanent magnets (Fig. 4) placed on its outer surface cause the initiation of currents in the winding of stator positioned outside and rigidly fixed on the body of THD. The electric power removed from this stator is transmitter via wires to the electric machines, electric engines, to the drives of vehicles. At time of deceleration of them first rotor, the electric power may be removed from the shaft 15.

In the second variant of embodiment of THD, at time of deceleration of the block of the cylinders of second rots, the wheel rotates, providing movement of vehicle, but at time of wheel deceleration, the second rotor rotates and the vehicle stays still. On the outer lateral surface of the first rotor (rim) permanent axial magnets and stator are placed that allows to remove electric power from the drive, if necessary.

In the third variant of the embodiment of THD at time of alternative switch of rotors, they can rotate in the directions opposite to each other and therefore provide movement of the ship in opposite directions.

For the realization of these variants in some cases the propulsion device according to the Azerbaijan patent #1 2008 0064, passed the search and examination PCT #WO 2008/031175 may be used. This propulsion device comprises function of the internal combustion engine and of infinitely variable and also control mechanism of angle a between the tie and the cylinder axis. In THD there are used curved ribs and blow-through channels serving for cooling of details and the THD altogether. During the work of THD on the land vehicles the cooling occurs thanks to the air-flush, on the water or under water cooling occurs due to water pass. The possibility of creation of hybrid device on the base of "orbital rotor" internal combustion engine with rotating working bodies, excludes the necessity to use compulsory cooling systems and allows to realize the method of self-cooling of working elements, details and the THD altogether.

The mentioned curved ribs and/or blow-through channels may be used in each variant of embodiment of the invention separately or altogether depending on the type of vehicle the invention is used at.

The test samples of "orbital rotor" internal combustion engine with the characterizing features of the variants of the invention have been produced. They work trouble-free even on the model level that proves the efficiency of the given design features for the achievement of the targeted task.