of the cars

The subject of the invention is a two-stroke internal combustion engine intended for the propulsion of vehicles, especially cars. The invention can be used also for other motor vehicles, motorbikes, ships and aircraft, as well as the other technical devices, for example, generators.

It is known whole range of reciprocating internal combustion engines, processing energy from the combustion of fuels into kinetic energy. The most prevalent are four-stroke piston engines and two- stroke piston engines, powered by gasoline, gas, or oil. Two-stroke engines, in spite of its simplicity, reach much higher powers then four- stroke engines, with similar characteristics, revolutions, capacity, or compression ratio. Despite the simple and cheap construction, in practice they are used less and less, because of the trouble with lubrication, short runs between services, a large noise, and in particular they do not meet modern environmental requirements.

The essence of the invention is a two-stroke internal combustion engine, in particular for the propulsion of the cars containing an embedded piston on the performing reciprocating motion passing slider, rings, initial compression chamber and crankcase, characterized that initial compression chamber hermetically separates from crankcase of engine, but slider which connects piston with crankshaft, goes through sealed bushing, which is mounted in baffle plate located between this chambers. Favourable is, when between oil control rings of the piston, which is mounted on slider, is oil spread element, which is connected with pressure oil feed canal, and between oil control rings on perimeter of piston from space between them, there are holes for draining excess oil in to oil return canals.

Favourable is, when inlet valve is inserted in a piston.

Favourable is, when directly on the crank pin journal of crankshaft, is inlet valve cam to control operate of the inlet valve.

Two-stroke internal combustion engine according to this invention incorporates all features, desirable for this engine. It is a simple design, that separates the initial compression chamber from the crankcase, allows the use of oil pump also to lubricate the piston rings, at the same time solving the problem of exhaust fumes purity. This solution causes the disappearance of the phenomenon of "harmful capacity of the initial compression chamber ". The application of valve control cams, allows the use of asymmetrical valve opening times. Big piston travel allows to achieve a high compression ratio, despite the application of a simple and cheap side-valve system. Simple, cheap and lightweight cylinder head, and the lack of collisions piston-valve is an additional benefit as well. The same RPM of the crankshaft and control valve cams, simplifies construction and does not require the use of timing chains or timing belts. The size of the valve can be arbitrary and it is not limited by the place in the head. The additional advantage is the lack of pressure fluctuation in the crankcase.

The subject of the invention shows drawing of the example assembly, where fig. 1 shows the schematic construction of the engine with a piston, slider, chambers, and crank shaft, fig. 2 the particular cycles of engine with valve in piston, fig. 3 example of the construction of the piston with the valve along with rings, oil spread element between them, and inlet and outlet oil canals, fig. 4 shows an example of the construction of the engine.

Two-stroke internal combustion engine has the piston 5 embedded on the moving, reciprocating slider 9, passing through the sealed bushing 47. The bushing 47 separates the initial compression chamber 48 from the crankcase, 49. Piston 5 is provided with a compression ring, or rings 34, at least two oil control rings 35 and 36, and located between them, oil spread element 38 . The oil is pressure dosed by channels 37 to the groove of the oil spread element 38. Then the oil is distributed by this element to the wall of the cylinder 1. The piston 5, moving in both directions, lubricates walls of cylinder 1. The excess of the oil is scraped by oil control rings 35, 36 and drained by channels 39 to the oil pan. The holes draining oil in to the channels 39 are located on the perimeter of the piston 5 just by the oil control rings 35, 36, from the side of the space between them. This solution causes scraping the excess of the oil on each movement of the piston 5.

In the piston 5 there can be mounted inlet ^" valve 20. In the engine of an even number of cylinders, these valves can be controlled with one cam 29 fixed on the rotating crank pin journal of crankshaft 14.

Fig. 1 shows the various phases of the operation of the engine with indicate of two localisations: over the piston /under the piston.

Position 1. Compression / suction (suction valve 19 is open).

Position 2. Compression, (fuel injection by injector 21) / suction.

Position 3. Ignition of mixture (spark 22) / end of suction.

Position 4. Working / compression.

Position 5. Exhaust (exhaust valve 18 is open) / compression.

Position 6. Exhaust, force of the air over the piston (inlet valve 20 is open) / pressure comes down.

Position 7. Ventilation, air load / zero pressure. Position 8. Compression / suction, (suction valve is 19 open).

High engine efficiency exceeding 50%. what was proved by research on the cross head engine, the high power unit, high torque, small dimensions, light weight construction and, above all, excellent performance and complying with the exhaust gas purity standards should make that it will find a wide application in driving any vehicle and, in particular, cars and motorcycles.