| US2729586A | 1956-01-03 | |||
| US2120667A | 1938-06-14 |
| 1. | A method of treating an anorectal dis¬ ease which comprises topically applying an antianorec tal disease effective amount of a chlorophyll deriva tive to a host i need thereof. |
| 2. | The method of claim 1, wherein said de¬ rivative is chlorophyllin or a derivative thereof. |
| 3. | The method of claim 2, wherein said de¬ rivative is chlorophyllin metal complex. |
| 4. | The method of claim 3, wherein said com¬ plex is chlorophyllin copper complex. |
| 5. | The method of claim 1, wherein said de¬ rivative is applied in combination with a pharmaceuti¬ cally acceptable vehicle and said derivative is between 0.1% and 40% of said combination. |
| 6. | The method of claim 5, wherein said de rivative is about 0.5% to 2% of said combination. |
| 7. | The method of claim 5, wherein said com¬ bination is in the form of a suppository. |
| 8. | The method of claim 7, wherein said vehi¬ cle is a suppository vehicle containing at least one member of the group consisting of cocoa butter, poly¬ ethylene glycol, glycerinated gelatin, hydrogenated vegetable oil, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester and polyethylene stearate. |
| 9. | The method of claim 5, wherein said com¬ bination is in the form of an ointment. |
| 10. | The method of claim 9, wherein said ve¬ hicle is a watermiscible ointment vehicle, waterab sorbing ointment vehicle, hydrocarbon and watersoluble ointment vehicle. |
| 11. | The method of claim 5, wherein said ve¬ hicle is a vehicle containing surfactant and propel¬ lant. |
| 12. | The method of claim 11, wherein said surfactant is present in an amount of between about 0.5%85.0% by weight and propellant is present in an amount of between about 2.0%30.0% by weight. |
| 13. | The method of claim 5, wherein said ve hide is a medicated pad vehicle containing at least one component selected from the group consisting of glycerin, propylene glycol and hamamelis water. |
| 14. | The method of claim 5, wherein said com¬ bination further contains at least one member of the group consisting of anesthetic in an amount of between about 0.25% and 25.0%; vasoconstrictor in an amount of between about 0.005% and 1.5%; protectant in an amount of between about 5.0% and 88.0%; counterirritant in an amount of between about 0.25% and 2.5%; astringent in an amount of between about 0.2% and 60.0%; keratolytic in an amount of between about 0.2% and 3.5%; antichol inergic in an amount of between about 0.02% and 0.1%; woundhealing agent containing at least one compound selected from the group consisting of vitamin A and vitamin D in an amount of between about 0.005% and 0.04%; peruvian balsam in an amount of between about 0.5% and 2.5%; cod liver oil or shark liver oil in an amount of between about 1.0% and 6.0%; live yeast cell derivative in an amount of between about 250,000 units/g? and antimicrobial agent in an amount of be¬ tween about 0.02% and 40.0%. . |
| 15. | The method of claim 1, wherein said com plex is applied intrarectally. |
| 16. | The method of claim 1, wherein said ano¬ rectal disease is hemorrhoids. |
| 17. | The method of claim 16, wherein said de¬ rivative is applied in combination with a pharmaceuti cally acceptable vehicle and said derivative is between 0.1% and 40% of said combination. IS. The method of claim 17, wherein said de¬ rivative is chloroohyllin metal comoiex. |
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the treat¬ ment of anorectal diseases including hemorrhoids by the application of novel pharmaceutical compositions con¬ taining a unique agent possessing wound-healing and antimicrobial properties.
There are currently a number of compositions for treatment of anorectal diseases including he or- rhoids. Some of them are based on anesthetic (U.S.
Patent No. 4,118,480) or vasoconstrictive (U.S. Patent Nos. 3,608,074; 4,145,441; 4,383,986) properties of ac¬ tive agents and are used only to give temporary symp¬ tomatic relief. Others, whose mechanism of activity is unknown, have been limited to external application (U.S. Patent Nos. 3,950,540; 3,950,541).
In contrast to compositions used for tempo¬ rary relief, sustained symptomatic relief can be achieved by treating anorectal diseases including he - orrhoids with preparations containing wound-healing agents. Anorectal diseases are often initiated by the breakdown of epithelium, dermis, and other subcutaneous tissues which may result in a variety of wounds in¬ cluding fissures, cracks, abscesses, and hemorrhoids. But even when tissues still remain intact, as it is sometimes the case for certain types of hemorrhoids.
they are considered as wounds because inflammation oc¬ curs. Inflammation of tissues is associated with many symptoms, including heat, redness, pain, itching and swelling. Wound-healing agents relieve these symptoms and provide long-lasting symptomatic relief by promot¬ ing tissue repair, reducing inflammation and encourag¬ ing wound healing. Recently, several U.S. Patents (Nos. 4,169,143; 4,192,866; 4,508,728) disclose compo¬ sitions containing certain healing agents for treatment of hemorrhoids and other anorectal diseases.
It is also known that the presence of micro¬ organisms such as fungi, bacteria, yeast and others de¬ lay healing and retard tissue repair. U.S. Patent No. 4,518,583 discloses the use of compositions containing antimicrobial agents to treat anorectal diseases in¬ cluding hemorrhoids.
However, none of the above-cited treatments have been shown to be completely effective in satisfac¬ tory managing the symptoms of anorectal diseases in- eluding hemorrhoids, and in some cases the treatments themselves contribute to further problems such as caus¬ ing allergies or additional tissue irritation.
It has been found that the entity known as chlorophyllin complex is more effective than the fore- going treatments for managing anorectal diseases in¬ cluding hemorrhoids while also lacking some of the un¬ desirable side effects exhibited by some of the other treatments. The advantages of using chlorophyllin com¬ plex will be more apparent in the description of the invention which follows.
In the past, chlorophyllin copper complex has been disclosed for use in the treatment of ulcerative lesions, burns, wounds, especially with infected tis-
sues, to promote their healing (U.S. Patent Nos. 2,120,667; 2,729,586), in a poultry feed to prevent and control of duck disease (U.S. Patent No. 2,646,384), as a body deodorant (U.S. Patent No. 2,794,762), to i - prove alcoholic beverages' odor (Japanese Patent No. 81,106,586), for treatment of feces and urine of pets (Japanese Patent No. 85,120,926), to increase the sta¬ bility of vitamin C (Japanese Patent No. 7743 ('57)) as a food dye to color gelatin capsules (Japanese Patent No. 80,161,863) and toothpastes (Japanese Patent No. 85,48,918). However, chlorophyllin copper complex is not disclosed in patents or other prior art for treat¬ ment of anorectal diseases including hemorrhoids. Chlorophyllin copper complex is safe and approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for internal use as a deodorant (Federal Register, 50, 2516-7, 1985).
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The principal objects of this invention are to provide compositions for use in the anorectal area; to provide such compositions with a unique water-solu¬ ble active agent which can be uniformly distributed in the effected region and are easy to apply; to provide such compositions which have long-lasting effects; to provide such compositions which enhance healing of in- jured tissue; to provide such compositions which reduce inflammation; to provide such compositions which soothe itching and burning; to provide such compositions which reduce irritation and swelling of diseased tissue; to provide such compositions which give relief from pain associated with anorectal diseases including hemor¬ rhoids; to provide such compositions which relieve dis¬ comfort; to provide such compositions which inhibit
growth and development of microorganisms in the anorec¬ tal area; to provide such compositions which inhibit activity of toxins produced by microorganisms in the anorectal area; to provide such compositions which can be used for treatment of lesions other than hemorrhoids (fissures, cracks, fistulas, abscesses) in the anorec¬ tal area; and to provide such compositions which have no unfavorable side effects.
To achieve the above-mentioned objects, there are provided pharmaceutical compositions containing as an active agent chlorophyllin complex dissolved or dis¬ persed in an appropriate base (vehicle) which can be suppositories, ointments, foams, sprays and medicated pads. It can also be beneficial to include in ano¬ rectal compositions containing chlorophyllin complex other active agents from different pharmacological groups such as local anesthetics, vasoconstrictors, protectants, counterirritants, astringents, keratolyt- ics and anticholinergics. It may be even rational to include in anorectal compositions containing chloro¬ phyllin complex other wound-healing and antimicrobial agents. In this case, the effectiveness of composi¬ tions may be sufficiently enhanced since the wound- healing and antimicrobial properties of, for example, chlorophyllin copper complex and these other agents may be dependent on different mechanisms of activities.
The various aspect of the present invention will be more fully understood upon a reading of the following portions of the specification.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The improved anorectal compositions used in the present method contain as a main active agent a chlorophyll derivative, such as chlorophyllin or its derivatives, preferably chlorophyllin metal (most pref¬ erably copper) complex and the base (vehicle). The chlorophyllin metal complex used in the invention is a water-soluble derivative of chlorophyll, the naturally occurring green pigment. The water-soluble sodium or potassium salts are preferable but the invention should be taken to include other water-soluble derivatives such as those containing ammonium and other basic cat- ionic ions. Also, other chlorophyll derivatives with or without central metal atoms and existing as free acids or combinations therewith such as esters, ethers, amides, and salts or as other chemical modifications of the chlorophyll molecule are embodied in the present invention. Metals other than copper include iron, zinc, cobalt, platinum, silver, gold, and the like metals. The chlorophyll derivative is used in an amount by weight of between about 0.1%-40.0%, and more preferably between about .0.5%-2.0%. The complex is ap¬ plied topically in an anti-anorectal disease effective amount which can number, for example, up to four 10-40 mg containing suppositories per day. The particular amount is best determined by the attending clinician.
As mentioned earlier, the anorectal composi¬ tions may be formulated as suppositories, ointments, foams, sprays and medicated pads. The suppository compositions may contain either hydrophobic or hydrophilic bases and can in¬ clude, for example, cocoa butter, glycerinated gelatin, hydrogenated vegetable oils, mixtures of polyethylene
glycols of various molecular weights, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters and polyethylene stearates; polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyacrylam- ide, chemically modified starch or combinations of these materials (U.S. Patent No. 4,406,883).
The ointment compositions may contain water- miscible bases such as hydrophilic ointment, U.S.P., for example; water-absorbing bases such as lanolin, U.S.P.; and hydrophilic petrolatum, U.S.P., for exam- pie; hydrocarbon bases such as white petrolatum,
U.S.P., for example; water-soluble bases such as poly¬ ethylene glycol ointment, N.F., for example.
The foam and spray bases may contain one or • more of the following: propellants, aqueous and non- aqueous solvents, surfactants and suspending agents.
The medicated pad bases may contain one or more of the following: water, glycerin, propylene gly¬ col, alcohol and hamamelis water.
Along with the preferred chlorophyllin copper complex, anorectal compositions of the invention can contain other active agents. They may include such lo¬ cal anesthetics and/or their salts as benzocaine, di- perodon, pramoxine, dibucaine, camphor, phenol, tetra- caine, and phenacaine, in an amount by weight of be¬ tween about 0.25% and 25.0%. Anorectal compositions of the invention may also contain ephedrine, phenylephrine and/or their salts as vasoconstrictors in an amount by weight of between about 0.005% and 1.5%. The following protectants as aluminum hydroxide gel, calamine, cocoa butter, cod or shark liver oil, glycerin in aqueous solution, kaolin, lanolin, mineral oil, starch, white petrolatum, wool alcohol, zinc oxide, vegetable or cas¬ tor oil, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol can be
used in anorectal compositions of this invention in an amount by weight of between 5.0% and 88.0%. Anorectal compositions of the invention can also contain menthol in aqueous solution as a counterirritant in an amount by weight of between about 0.25% and 2.5%. Astringents such as calamine, zinc oxide, hamamelis water, bismuth- resorcinol compound, bismuth subgallate, Peruvian bal¬ sam, aluminum chlorhydroxy allantoinate and tannic acid may be present in anorectal compositions of the inven- tion in an amount by weight of between about 0.2% and 60.0%. Furthermore, the wound-healing agents can be included in anorectal compositions of the invention selected from the group consisting of vitamin A and vitamin D by weight in an amount of between about 0.005% and 0.04%, peruvian balsam by weight in an amount of between about 0.5% and 2.5%, cod liver oil and/or shark liver oil by weight in an amount of be¬ tween about 1.0% and 6.0%, and live yeast cell deriva¬ tive in an amount of between about 2-50,000 units/g. Also, antimicrobial (antiseptic) agents such as benze- thonium chloride, benzalkonium chloride, boric acid, 8-quinolinol benzoate, secondary amyltricresols, cetyl- pyridinium chloride, phenol, menthol, chlorothymol, camphor and 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate may be used in anorectal compositions of the invention in an amount by weight of between abut 0.02% and 40.0%. Anorectal com¬ positions of the invention may contain aluminum chlor¬ hydroxy allantoinate and resorcinol as keratolytics in an amount by weight of between about 0.2% and 3.5%. Finally, atropine or other solanaceous type alkaloids, either alone or in admixture, can be used as antichol¬ inergics in anorectal compositions of the invention in an amount by weight of between about 0.02% and 0.1%.
In the above described compositions for treating anorectal diseases, including hemorrhoids, chlorophyllin copper complex increases tissue oxygen consumption, demonstrates fibroblast growth-stimulating effects and accelerates healing of wounds and ulcers. It imparts to the compositions an ability to affect i- crobial growth and/or inhibit toxins produced by micro¬ organisms. In addition, the compositions containing chlorophyllin copper complex coat the treated tissue which provides high concentrations of the active agent in the diseased areas. Since chlorophyllin copper com¬ plex is permitted by the U.S. Food and Drug Administra¬ tion for use as an internal deodorant, the compositions containing this compound are very safe. Thus, composi- tions with chlorophyllin copper complex provide highly useful combinations of properties required for treat¬ ment of anorectal diseases, including hemorrhoids.
Compositions have been formulated according to the following examples wherein the ingredients are listed in weight percentage. Because there are no clear differences between ointments, creams, gels, jel¬ lies and pastes, any of these terms are implied when¬ ever the term "ointment" is used in the description of this invention. The below-mentioned formulations are examples of different types of compositions containing chloro¬ phyllin copper complex to treat anorectal diseases, in¬ cluding hemorrhoids. Many other types of formulations of suppository, ointment, foam, spray and medicated pad bases may be used in this invention as well.
Example of suppositories
#1 #6
Chlorophyllin copper Chlorophyllin copper complex 1.0% complex 1.0%
Cocoa butter 99.0% Bismuth subgallate 2.25%
Bismuth-resorcinol compound 1.75%
#2
Benzyl benzoate
Chlorophyllin copper 1.2% complex 1.0% Peruvian balsam 1.8%
Polyethylene glycol base 99.0% Zinc oxide 11.0%
(Polyethylene glycol 400 -60% Hydrogenated vegetable Polyethylene glycol 8000 -40%) oil 81.0%
#3 #7
Chlorophyllin copper Chlorophyllin copper complex 1.0% complex 1.0%
Benzocaine 5.0% Ephedrine sulfate 0.1%
Polyethylene glycol base 94.0% Witepsol WH-15 98.9%
(Polyethylene glycol 400 -60% Polyethylene glycol 8000 -40%)
#8
Chlorophyllin copper
S ccmplex 1.0%
Chlorophyllirt copper Menthol 0.4% complex 1.0%
Cocoa butter 98.6%
Witepsol WK-15 99.0%
#9
#5
Chlorophyllin copper
Chlorophyllin copper ccπ lex 1.0% ccrnpiex 1.0%
Live yeast cell cerivative
Water 9.0% per suppository 2 00 units
Glycerin 70.0% Witepsol WH-15 to make 100.0%
Gelatin granular 20.0%
#10 #11
Chlorophyllin copper Chlorophyllin copper complex 1.0% complex 1.0%
Benzalkonium chloride 0.05% Atropine 0.05%
Witepsol WH-15 98.95% Witepsol WH-15 98.95%
- 11 -
Example of Ointments
#1 #6
Chlorophyllin copper Chlorophyllin copper complex 2.0% complex 2.0%
Hydrophilic Ointment, Menthol 0.2%
U.S.P. 98.0%
Hydrophilic Ointment,
U.S.P. 97.8%
#2
Chlorophyllin copper #7 complex 2.0% Chlorophyllin copper
Hydrophilic Petrolatum, complex 2.0%
U.S.P. 98.0% Zinc oxide 2.0%
White Petrolatum, U.S.P. 96.0%
#3
Chlorophyllin copper coπplex 2.0% #8
Chlorophyllin copper
White Petrolatum, U.S.P. 98.0% complex 2.0%
Live yeast cell deriv¬ ative per cz. 2000 units
Chlorophyllin copper White Petrolatum, U.S.P. complex 2.0% to make 100.0%
Pramcxine hydrochloride 1.0%
White Petrolatum, U.S.P. 97.0%
Chlorophyllin copper comple *" 2.0%
#5
3enzalkoniun chloride 0.1%
Chlorophyllin copper complex 2.0% White Petrolatum, U.S.?. 97.9%
Ephedrine sulfate 0.1%
White Petrolatum, U.S.P. 97.9% #10
Chlorophyllin copper complex 2.0%
Allantoin 0.5%
White Petrolatum, U.S.P. 97.5%
#11 #12
Chlorophyllin copper Chlorophyllin copper complex 2.0% complex 2.0%
Atropine 0.1% Polyethylene Glycol
White Petrolatum, U.S.P. 97.9% Ointment, N.F. 98.0%
- 13 -
Example of Foams & Sprays
#1
Chlorophyllin copper #5 complex 2.0% Chlorophyllin copper complex • 2.0% Oil-waxes surfactant 3.0%
Benzalkonium chloride 0.1% Water 70.0%
Ethyl alcohol 44.0% Propellant 12/114 (60:40) 25.0%
Surfactant 5.0%
Water
#2 33.9%
Propellant 15.0%
Chlorophyllin copper complex 2.0%
Glycol 84.0% #6
Emulsifying agent * 4.0% Chlorophyllin copper complex 2.0% Propellant 12/114 (40:60) 10.0%
Allantoin 0.3%
#3 Ethyl alcohol 44.0%
Surfactant 5.0%
Chlorophyllin copper complex 2.0% Water 33.7%
Ethyl alcohol 44.0% Propellant 15.0%
Surfactant 5.0%
Water 34.0% #7
Propellant 15.0% Chlorophyllin copper complex 2.0%
#4 Hamamelis water 35.0%
Ethyl alcohol
Chlorophyllin copper 28.0% complex 2.0% Surfactant 3.0%
Pramoxine hvdrochloride 1.0% Water 22.0%
Ethyl alcohol 44.0% Propellant 10%
Surfactant 5.0%
Water 33.0% Propellant 15.0%
Example of Medicated Pads (preparation of the solutions)
#1 #2
Chlorophyllin copper Chlorophyllin copper complex 2.0% complex 2.0%
Hamamelis water 50.0% Hamamelis water 50.0%
Glycerin or Propylene Glycerin or Propylene glycol 10.0% glycol 10.0%
Water to make 100.0% Methylparaben 0.1%
Benzalkonium chloride 0.003%
Water to make 100.0%
These solutions can be used to impregnate suitable flannel-like materials in order to prepare medicated pads.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed, it will be appreciated that it is not limited thereto, but be otherwise embod¬ ied within the scope of the following claims.