Description VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM FOR

HIGH-RISE BUILDINGS

Technical Field

[1] This invention relates to ventilation and air conditioning systems of premises, specifically to ventilation and air conditioning systems for particularly high-rise buildings. Background Art

[2] It is common knowledge there are plenty of inventions for ventilation and air conditioning systems of premises. Room ventilation is mostly implemented by supplying outside air to the premises, whereas exhausted air, which is warmer than the air supplied, flows upwards and is affected by natural traction and coming out usually via exhaust outlets, equipped on the roof.

[3] Room air conditioning is mostly implemented via heat pumps with two heat-transfer circulation cycles, one of which takes the energy (heat) from the room, while the other rejects the accumulated heat to the external air around the building or any other heat- eliminating medium. Most often, the air conditioning system consists of two devices, an internal and an external, interconnected with heat- transfer pipes.

[4] There had been created hybrid systems, the so-called 'fresh air conditioning', when the air from the outside of the building is directly supplied to the room and is additionally cooled, if necessary.

[5] Korean patent Nr. KR20050005337, published on 13 January 2005, is a matter of common knowledge. The said patent describes a hybrid system of 'fresh air conditioning', operating on the principle, described above. Such system operates slightly more efficient than other separate ventilation and air conditioning systems, since it uses motion of the ventilated air and it is unnecessary to create supplementary air recirculation, required for air conditioning in the ordinary air conditioning systems. However, under great heats outside, the major part of the energy consumption falls right on the heat pump; the mentioned and other similar inventions do not provide for reduction of energy costs of the heat pump in order to achieve even more efficient air conditioning.

Disclosure of Invention Summary of the Invention

[6] The object of the invention is to create a hybrid ventilation and air conditioning system for particularly high-rise buildings and particularly for buildings, located in the areas of hot climate, which could be notable for sufficient operation, equipment of

which would allow using materials and facilities from the market and assist in avoiding the problem of high pressure of liquids which appears when using heat exchangers equipped on the roof and coolant pipes guided along the entire height of the building.

[7] With the reference to these criteria, a hybrid ventilation and air conditioning system has been created for particularly high-rise buildings, which operates using the air, taken from the high altitude, preferably from the top of the building for ventilation and air conditioning. In case of particularly high-rise buildings, the air beside the top of the building is cooler than the hot air at the bottom of the building. Air temperature at a height of one kilometre is usually 10 ⁰ C or even more lower in comparison with the air close to the earth surface; moreover, this air is cleaner and more appropriate for room ventilation than the air close to the earth surface. The employment of the mentioned cooler air for conditioning significantly reduces the power consumption in the heat pumps. Heat pumps are the most common devices for heat exchange used in the air conditioning systems. It is also possible to supply cooler air from the higher atmospheric layers directly to the room to be ventilated, and, if necessary, additionally to supply cooled air to the conditioning equipment. Description of Drawings

[8] Fig. 1 - Ventilation and air conditioning system's basic diagram.

Description of the Preferred Embodiment

[9] Fig. 1 shows the best option for implementation of the invention - the hybrid ventilation and air conditioning system for particularly high-rise buildings and particularly for buildings, located in the areas of hot climate. The system consists of an air intake (1), room mixing chamber (3) and exhaust outlet (2). The air intake and the exhaust outlet (1, 2) are arranged basically vertical and raised up to the top of the building or even higher in order to take the air of the higher atmospheric layers at the top of the building. The top of the exhaust outlet (2) is preferably higher than the top of the air intake (1), since the bigger this difference is, the stronger natural traction occurs in the mentioned ventilation and air conditioning system. Typically, the said difference in heights must be sufficient to ensure constant air circulation in the system. If the structural properties of the building are insufficient in order to make the mentioned difference of heights sufficient, it is necessary to arrange axial fans (8, 9) in addition, pulling the air downwards in the air intake (1) and upwards in the exhaust outlet (2). As well as, if the traction made in the exhaust outlet (2) is too strong, whereas the air flow in the air intake (1) is poor due to the faulty sealing of the premises (3) to be ventilated, it is possible to mount a mechanical system of fans (8, 9) wasting no electric power, which the fans (9) mounted in the exhaust outlet (2) take some of the air flow energy which is mechanically transferred to the fans (8), mounted in the air

intake (1), which could additionally pull the clean air downwards. Similar system of fans comprising two-way fans may be arranged in general for airflow control in the building. If fans (8, 9) use electric power, this power can be obtained from the units of solar energy, equipped on the building.

[10] Room mixing chamber (3) is a system comprising at least ventilation ducts, dampers and main vents, which supplies clean and cooler air to the room and exhausts the exhausted air. These ventilation ducts interconnect the rooms in order to make as closed circulation cycle as possible, starting from the air intake (1) and ending by the exhaust outlet (2). Thus, the very room must be properly insulated from the outside of the building, since it is the only way to ensure natural traction and fair air circulation in the entire ventilation and air conditioning system.

[11] If the temperature of the air at the top of the building is insufficiently low to ensure comfort for people in the building, it is possible to equip heat pumps (6) for additional cooling of the supplied air.

[12] Each building floor or a group of floors has single lead-outs (5) and lead-ins (4) to the mentioned air intake and exhaust outlet (1, 2). Heat pumps (6) can be individually controlled for each building floor or the group of floors or it is possible to equip one general-purpose system not far from the top of the building to cool the entire air, which enters into the air intake (1). It is also possible to apply discrete ventilation and air conditioning technique, when the building at its full height is allocated into separate sections and different ventilation and air conditioning technique is applied to each of the section.

[13] The principle of air conditioning is based on the formation of the temperature difference between external and internal air. This difference is regulated by individual requirements set in every country. The air in the room can be cooler in the mentioned temperature difference in order for people to feel well in the ventilated room, whereas an absolute temperature is not the most important factor.

[14] It is also possible to equip TES (thermal energy storage) system in the described ventilation and air conditioning system, the tanks of which could contain ice being frozen each night or another substance altering into solid aggregation state and which could acquire the energy released by the unit (6) of the air conditioning system by melting. The thermal energy storage has a very good property - constant temperature is maintained during substance melting till its entire amount melts.