The present invention generally relates to a closet being favourable to the environment, i.e. a toilet with no, or the least possible, need for flushing water. As a rule such, forms of closets- have- an underlying* rartJ for collecting excrement (solids and liquid) from the closet after use. As an alternative there can be employed a sewage system without such a tank, comprising a pipe connection to lower parts of the closet bowl or structure. There are known solutions with respect to closets being favourable to the environment, of the kind being of interest here, where there is a possibility of free obser¬ vation from above to the contents of the collecting tank or the connected sewage pipes, during normal use of the closet. In practice this involves among other things the fact that the common closet cover is raised from its closed position. In addition to unfortunate observation in this manner, such structures will involve the possibility of problems of odour and other unpleasant effects occurring, due to absent or insufficient sealing or closing between the open space in the actual closet bowl and the system usually lying under¬ neath it, for example a collecting tank or waste pipes, possibly sewage pipes. For these reasons many people are reluctant to install this type of closet. Therefore it is an essential object of the present invention to provide a simple solution to the above prob¬ lems, in particular for preventing direct observation and odour nuisance. Among previously known proposals for sol¬ ving similar problems in water-saving closets, reference is made in particular to German Patent No. 321.218. This patent specification relates to a closet having an outlet being directed substantially vertically and being provided with an invertible collecting and emptying member having a mainly horizontal axis of rotation located adjacent to a peripheral edge portion of the member, where this member in its collecting and emptying position respectively, tightly

engages the outlet.

The structure according to DE 321.218 however, is very complicated and expensive, which in practical embodiments will be rather inappropriate. There is described a collect- ing member in the form of a relatively flat bowl adapted to cooperate with an outlet in the form of a downwardly conical funnel part. As a consequence of the conical shape of the funnel a very cumbersome lifting movement with associated mechanical means is required, such as a number of gears and a toothed chain, for elevating the rotary axis of the bowl before each inverting movement. In addition to the compli¬ cated movement mechanism for inverting the bowl member, this known design involves serious sealing problems, among other things because of the necessary vertical displacement of axle studs for the above rotating or inverting movement.

Also German Patent No. 150.023 is directed to a closet having an invertible collecting bowl, which, however, in the first place is adapted to constitute a scale pan for weigh¬ ing delivered excrement. It is obvious that also this known design involves great difficulties in obtaining appropriate sealing, and the problem of odour will be very pronounced.

Norwegian Patent No. 1.143 shows a closet having a valve or sluice device in the form of a drum being rotate- able about a horizontal axis in a particular housing being correspondingly shaped, among other things for the purpose of preventing any smell from penetrating from lower parts of the installation. Here also there is the question of a complicated and expensive design, which is not very prac¬ tical in use. Finally, mention is made of US Patent No. 3.663.970 which in connection with vacuum closets comprises a form of ball valve at the bottom of each closet bowl, for obtaining relatively good tightness in the closed position. Good sealing however, is not obtained in the inverted or open position of the valve. Besides, no collection of the men¬ tioned waste takes place in a corresponding manner to that which is a prerequisite of the water-saving closet according to the present invention.

Thus, on the above background, particularly DE 321.218, the novel and specific features of the water-saving closet according to the invention consist in the first place in that said collecting and emptying member, approximately and at least outwardly, constitutes one half of a surface of rotation formed by a curved line rotated about a geometric axis coinciding substantially with the horizontal arris f rotation, and in that the outlet along its portion cooper¬ ating with said member, is cylindrical with an internal cross-secional contour which substantially corresponds to said curved line plus the mirror image of the curve.

With the particular geometric shape of the collecting member and the cooperating portion of the outlet as stated here, it will be possible to obtain a seal being very effec- tive in practice against both smell and any leakage, without making the structure too complicated and expensive. Obser¬ vation is completely prevented both in the rest position and in the use or collecting position of the invertible collect¬ ing and emptying member. The inverting movement between the two positions can take place by means of a mechanism being much more simple and more reliable than the one shown and described in DE 321.218.

Based on the above special geometry two particularly interesting embodiments can be mentioned, viz. in the first place an embodiment where the above mentioned member is approximately hemispherical and said portion of the outlet has a circular cross-sectional contour. As an interesting alternative the member can constitute approximately one half of an ellipsoid and the outlet part can have a corresponding elliptical cross-sectional contour.

Whether or not the above surface of rotation is formed by a hemisphere, an ellipsoid or another geometrical shape, it is an advantage according to the invention to arrange the peripheral edge portion of the collecting member so that it lies in a plane having a little smaller distance from the bottom of the member, than the maximum outer radius of the surface of rotation. Such an embodiment results in an advantageous movement pattern, where the outer surfaces of

the collecting member during the inverting movement dis¬ cussed, are rotated at a certain, small distance from the surrounding outlet portion, whereas the member in its rest position and collecting position respectively, in a well sealed way is engaged against the outlet portion around the whole circumference at the above peripheral edge portion of t e collecting member.

As a significant advantage it is to be mentioned additionally that, with the closet design according to the invention, it will be possible to make a collecting member which can be relatively deep and thereby have good capacity, at the same time as the sealing effect and the inverting movement are very favourable.

In the following description the invention will be explained more closely with reference to the drawings, where:

Fig. 1 in vertical cross-section and somewhat simplified shows a possible embodiment of a water-saving closet according to the invention, with a he i- spherical collecting and emptying member,

Fig. 2 in principle shows an alternative form of collect¬ ing and emptying member, based on ellipse-elips- oidal shapes, and Fig. 3 shows a further alternative form of emptying mem- ber, i.e. having an approximate egg-shape.

The example of fig. 1 shows a design based on an approximately conventional shape of the main part or the actual closet bowl or stool 10. This however is relatively deep and very steep, being almost vertical at the front edge. In the lower part of the main or closet bowl 10 there is provided an invertible collecting cup 2 which has an important function in the assembly. Cup member 2 in the position shown (full lines) has for its function to collect waste material being delivered to the closet during its use, at the same time as the cup member 2 will have a good seal¬ ing effect against the surrounding portion of the bowl 10.

More specificly this is provided with an outlet 1 being to a substantial degree directed vertically and having at the top a cylindrical portion 1A adapted to cooperate with the edge portion or the outer circumference of member 2. Below the relatively short cylindrical portion 1A as shown, the outlet 1 is provided with a projecting drip nose IB which can be convβDάeat in practice when considering that the* waste* mentioned, and in particular liquid contents, will drip or flow down in the outlet system below the actual outlet 1, without being impeded or diverted at junction or connection points in the vertical pipe system below.

For cup member 2 there is provided an axle 4A which more or less approximately can lie in the same plane as the circular edge portion of cup member 2. This edge portion is denoted 2A in fig. 1. In order to bring about inverting movement of cup member 2 there is shown a crank 4 connected to axle 4A, with crank 4 via a rod 3 being connected to an operation element 3A which is accessible to the user. By means of this or some other suitable mechanism the cup member 2 can then after use of the closet, be turned to an inverted position as indicated (dotted) at 2* , so that the contents collected will be emptied and can disappear down through outlet 1 and the pipe system lying under it. Pos¬ sibly this can lead to a collecting tank (not shown) for a certain amount of waste.

The desired sealing effect between the peripheral edge portion 2a of member 2 and the surrounding cylindrical portion 1A can be improved by letting cup member 2 and/or the surrounding portion 1A at outlet 1 consist of an elastic or resilient material. It is clearly preferred according to the invention that the actual cup member 2 should consist of such a material which enhances the sealing effect, for example a suitable type of plastic material or rubber. In this connection it is particularly important that a good seal is obtained in the two positions shown at 2 and 2 ¹ res¬ pectively in fig. 1, i.e. the collecting position and the emptying position. Apparently the latter position will be the one preferred when the closet- is not in use, i.e. the

rest position. This is due to the observation that cup member 2 normally will be more clean on the outside than the inside.

In this connection it can be an advantage according to the invention to manufacture the cup member 2 of a relat¬ ively good heat conducting material, while the surrounding structural parts constituting the closet bowl 10, including the cylindrical portion 1A and the rest of outlet 1, consist of relatively poor heat conducting material. Thus, during operation, and with member 2 in its rest position (2'), con¬ densed liquid will form at the inside (i.e. the underside) of the cup 2 so that condensed liquid will contribute to washing or flushing the collecting space within the cup, to have waste remnants removed as desired. An additional point related thereto is that cup 2 and the surrounding structural parts and portions mentioned, have surfaces being water- repellent.

According to the invention it is an advantage to design the cup member 2 in fig. 2 as somewhat smaller than one half of a sphere, which means that the peripheral edge portion 2A forms a plane having a smaller distance from the bottom of member 2 than the radius of the complete spherical shape corresponding to the approximate hemisphere. Then the outer surfaces of cup member 2 will be moved somewhat away from the surrounding cylindrical portion 1 during the inverting movement, so that this can take place without hindrance and without any significant friction. In the two positions shown (2 and 2') a good seal is obtained however, as already explained above. As an alternative to the hemispherical shape and the corresponding cylindrical portion 1A, as discussed with reference to the example of fig. 1, fig. 2 purely schema¬ tically shows a shape based on an elliptic cross-sectional contour of the cylindrical portion 1A, with a complementary half-ellipsoidal shape 22 of the cup member. Such a half- ellipsoidal member 22 is shown in fig. 2 from above (A) and sideways (B) . Moreover for such a cup member 22 there is indicated how the axis of rotation is located, corresponding

to the axle 4A in fig. 1.

A further alternative with a somewhat egg-like shape of cup member 32, is shown in fig. 3.

From the variants of geometrical configurations being illustrated in the drawings, it is seen that cup members in the closet according to the invention can be formed by taking as a starting point a surface σf* r-σtare±σπ generated by rotating a curved line about a geometrical axis being substantially coincident with the horizontal axis of rot- ation, for example 4A in fig. 1, whereas the surrounding and cooperating cylindrical portion of the outlet of the closet, has an internal cross-sectional contour corresponding to the curved geometrical line plus the mirror image thereof, so that a total, closed contour is formed. This contour and the shape of the cup member will according to its nature be well rounded, such as some approximate oval shape, among other things for the purpose of providing smooth surfaces and for manufacturing reasons.