PAYS ETIENNE (BE)
| WO2011020865A1 | 2011-02-24 | |||
| WO2011020497A1 | 2011-02-24 | |||
| WO2004012757A2 | 2004-02-12 |
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GENOVESE GIULIO ET AL: "A risk allele for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in African Americans is located within a region containing APOL1 and MYH9.", KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL, vol. 78, no. 7, October 2010 (2010-10-01), pages 698 - 704, XP002648146, ISSN: 1523-1755
WAN GUANGHUA ET AL: "Apolipoprotein L1, a novel Bcl-2 homology domain 3-only lipid-binding protein, induces autophagic cell death", JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, vol. 283, no. 31, 1 August 2008 (2008-08-01), THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTS, INC., BALTIMORE, MD, US, pages 21540 - 21549, XP002498987, ISSN: 0021-9258, [retrieved on 20080526], DOI: 10.1074/JBC.M800214200
TZUR S ET AL: "Missense mutations in the APOL1 gene are highly associated with end stage kidney disease risk previously attributed to the MYH9 gene", HUMAN GENETICS, vol. 128, no. 3, 1 September 2010 (2010-09-01), SPRINGER, BERLIN, DE, pages 345 - 350, XP002611014, ISSN: 0340-6717, [retrieved on 20100716], DOI: 10.1007/S00439-010-0861-0
LECORDIER LAURENCE ET AL: "C-Terminal Mutants of Apolipoprotein L-I Efficiently Kill Both Trypanosoma brucei brucei and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense", PLOS PATHOGENS, vol. 5, no. 12, 4 December 2009 (2009-12-04), PUBLIC LIBRARY OF SCIENCE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA, US, pages 1 - 11, XP002584512, ISSN: 1553-7366
LESLIE MITCH: "Genetics. Kidney disease is parasite-slaying protein's downside.", SCIENCE, vol. 329, no. 5989, 16 July 2010 (2010-07-16), (NEW YORK, N.Y.), pages 263, XP002648147, ISSN: 1095-9203
| CLAIMS 1. A wild-type human Apolipoprotein L-I (SEQ. ID. NO.1, SEQ.ID.N0.4 or SEQ.ID.N0.7) for use in the treatment and/or the prevention of a renal disease. 2. The wild-type human Apolipoprotein L-I of claim 1, for use in the treatment and/or the prevention of renal diseases affecting a human patient, wherein the said human patient harbours a mutated human Apolipoprotein L-I. 3. The wild-type human Apolipoprotein L-I of claims 2, for use in the treatment and/or the prevention of renal diseases affecting a human patient harbouring a mutated human Apolipoprotein L-I, wherein the said mutated human Apolipoprotein L-I corresponds to the wild-type human Apolipoprotein sequence ( SEQ . ID . NO .1 , SEQ. ID. NO.4 or SEQ. ID. NO.7) modified by a deletion of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20 (preferably 9) of its last C-terminal amino acids and/or wherein the said mutated human Apolipoprotein L-I is selected from the group consisting of SEQ. ID. NO.2, SEQ. ID. NO.3, SEQ. ID. NO.5, SEQ. ID. NO.6, SEQ. ID. NO.8, and SEQ. ID. NO.9 and more preferably being selected from the group consisting of SEQ. ID. NO.2, SEQ. ID. NO.5 and SEQ. ID. NO.8. 4. The wild-type human Apolipoprotein L-I of claims 2 or 3 for use in the treatment and/or the prevention of renal diseases affecting a human patient harbouring a mutated human Apolipoprotein L-I, wherein the said mutated human Apolipoprotein L-I is able to lyse Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense cells. 5. The wild-type human Apolipoprotein L-I of claims 4 for use in the treatment and/or the prevention of renal diseases affecting a human patient harbouring a mutated human Apolipoprotein L-I, wherein the mutated human Apolipoprotein L-I is not able to lyse Trypanosoma brucei gambiense cells. 6. The wild-type human Apolipoprotein L-I for use in the treatment and/or the prevention of renal diseases affecting a human patient harbouring a mutated human Apolipoprotein L-I according to any of the preceding claims 2 to 5, wherein the said human patient does not express wild-type human Apolipoprotein L-I. 7. The wild-type human Apolipoprotein L-I according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 6 being in a concentration comprised between 100 μg/ml and 20 mg/ml . 8. The wild-type human Apolipoprotein L-I according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 7 being a recombinant protein. 9 . HDL particles comprising the wild-type human Apolipoprotein L-I according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 8. 10. HDL particles of claim 9, consisting essentially of particles having a density comprised between 1.123 and 1.21 g/ml . 11. A nucleotide sequence encoding the wild- type human Apolipoprotein L-I for use in the treatment and/or the prevention of renal diseases according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 6. 12. The nucleotide sequence of claim 11 being in the form of a vector. 13. The nucleotide sequence of claim 12, wherein the vector is a plasmid. |
[0001] The present invention is in the field of
Molecular Biology and is related to a pharmaceutical (therapeutical or prophylactic) use of apolipoprotein L-I, especially for a treatment and/or a prevention of diseases affecting the kidney such as glomerulosclerosis.
Background of the invention and state of the art [0002] Normal human serum (NHS) is able to kill T. b. brucei, but not T. b. rhodesiense and T. b. gambiense . The lytic factor was identified as being apolipoprotein L-I (apoLl) that forms pore in endosomal membranes of the parasite. This protein is associated with HDL particles that are efficiently taken up by the parasite through specific binding to a haptoglobin-hemoglobin surface receptor, due to the simultaneous presence of haptoglobin- related protein (Hpr) acting as a ligand in these particles .
[0003] The T. brucei subspecies rhodesiense and gambiense resist this lytic activity and can infect humans, causing sleeping sickness. T. b. rhodesiense resistance to lysis involves interaction of the Serum Resistance- Associated (SRA) protein with the C-terminal helix of apoLl .
Summary of the invention
[ 0004 ] The present invention discloses a therapeutic composition for patients suffering from a renal disease, possibly in relation with (caused by) a mutation in ApoLl gene in this patient and preferably wherein this mutated ApoLl protein is able to kill T. b. rhodesiense cells.
[ 0005 ] A first aspect of the present invention is related to the wild-type human Apolipoprotein L-I (SEQ. ID. NO.1, SEQ.ID.N0.4 or SEQ.ID.N0.7) for use in the treatment and/or the prevention of renal diseases.
[ 0006 ] Preferably, this wild-type human
Apolipoprotein L-I is for use in the treatment and/or the prevention of renal diseases affecting a human patient, wherein this human patient harbours a mutated (variant) human Apolipoprotein L-I.
[ 0007 ] More preferably, this wild-type human
Apolipoprotein L-I is for use in the treatment and/or the prevention of renal diseases affecting a human patient harbouring a mutated human Apolipoprotein L-I, wherein this mutated human Apolipoprotein L-I corresponds to the wild- type human Apolipoprotein sequence ( S E Q . I D . NO .1 , SEQ. ID. NO.4 or SEQ. ID. NO.7) modified by (which comprises) a deletion of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20 (preferably 9) of its last C- terminal amino acids and/or wherein this mutated human Apolipoprotein L-I is selected from the group consisting of SEQ. ID. NO.2, SEQ. ID. NO.3, SEQ. ID. NO.5, SEQ. ID. NO.6, SEQ. ID. NO.8, and SEQ. ID. NO.9 and more preferably being selected from the group consisting of SEQ. ID. NO.2, SEQ. ID. NO.5 and SEQ. ID. NO.8. [0008] Alternatively or in addition, this wild-type human Apolipoprotein L-I is for use in the treatment and/or the prevention of renal diseases affecting a human patient harbouring a mutated human Apolipoprotein L-I, wherein this mutated human Apolipoprotein L-I is able to lyse Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense cells.
[0009] Possibly, this wild-type human Apolipoprotein
L-I for use in the treatment and/or the prevention of renal diseases affecting a human patient harbouring a mutated human Apolipoprotein L-I, wherein the mutated human Apolipoprotein L-I is not able to lyse Trypanosoma brucei gambiense cells, but preferably is able to lyse Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense cells.
[0010] Advantageously, this wild-type human Apolipoprotein L-I is administred at a concentration comprised between (about) 100 μg/ml and (about) 20 mg/ml .
[0011] Possibly, this wild-type human Apolipoprotein
L-I is a recombinant protein.
[0012] Alternatively (or in addition), this wild- type human Apolipoprotein L-I is present on HDL particles.
[0013] Preferably, these HDL particles comprise particles having a density comprised between 1.123 g/ml and 1.21 g/ml, more preferably these HDL particles consist (essentially) of HDL particles having a density comprised between 1.123 g/ml and 1.21 g/ml.
[0014] The present invention will be described in more details in the following detailed description of the invention as non limited illustration of the present invention .
Detailed description of the invention
[0015] The present invention discloses a new pharmaceutical composition comprising an adequate pharmaceutical carrier, a wild-type Apolipoprotein L-I (in the form of an amino acid sequence, or a nucleotide sequence (s), a vector, a cell, a blood sample and/or particles including HDL particles) and/or fragments thereof that could be administrated to mammals, especially to humans to cure and/or prevent diseases affecting the kidney (possibly in the treatment and/or prevention of glomerulosclerosis including focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) cause of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, HIV associated nephropathy and hypertension associated end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in these mammals, especially in humans.
[0016] The present invention is further related to a diagnostic method comprising the steps of:
- analysing a blood sample (obtained from a human patient) for mutation (variant) in Apolipoprotein L-I through its capacity of lysis of a Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense culture;
deducing whether this patient is carrying the mutation (variance) in Apolipoprotein L-I, possibly due to the specific lysis of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense cells.
[0017] Alternatively (or in addition) the present invention is related to this diagnostic method (further) comprising the step of performing the sequencing of the ApoLl gene from the (blood) sample and possibly deducing whether this patient carries a mutation (variance) in ApoLl gene .
[0018] Preferably in this diagnostic method, the two genes (chromosomal copies) of ApoLl are sequenced and the possible deduction step discriminates between patient expressing a mutated (variant) ApoLl at heterozygous levels (in addition to a wild-type ApoLl) and patient expressing two mutated copies of ApoLl (possibly these two copies of ApoLl have the same mutation and the patient is homozygous), and no wild-type ApoLl, these patients being the most affected by the renal disease.
[0019] Alternati ely (but less preferably) , a related diagnostic method comprises the step of:
analysing a blood sample (obtained from a human patient) for mutation (variance) in Apolipoprotein L-I through its absence of binding to Serum Resistance-Associated (SRA) protein (of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense) ;
deducing whether the patient is carrying the mutation (variance) in Apolipoprotein L-I. This method can be combined with the above-described preferred diagnostic methods.
[0020] Preferably, in these diagnostic methods, the
(blood) sample is obtained from a patient suffering for a renal disease and/or who is suspected to develop a renal disease .
[0021] Preferably, in these diagnostic methods, the blood sample is obtained from a patient being at an early stage of a renal disease.
[0022] Preferably, in these diagnostic methods, the mutation (variance) in Apolipoprotein L-I corresponds to wild-type human Apolipoprotein L-I ( S E Q . I D . NO .1 , SEQ.ID.N0.4 or SEQ.ID.N0.7) modified by (which comprises) a deletion of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20 (preferably 9) of its last C- terminal amino acids and/or this mutated Apo L-I is selected from the group consisting of SEQ.ID.N0.2, SEQ.ID.N0.3, SEQ.ID.N0.5, SEQ.ID.N0.6, SEQ.ID.N0.8, and SEQ . ID . NO .9. , being more preferably selected from the group consisting of SEQ. ID. NO.2, SEQ. ID. NO.5 and SEQ. ID. NO.8.
[0023] A related aspect of the present invention is a diagnostic kit comprising means to detect whether a patient carries a mutated (variant of) ApoLl, these means being selected from the group consisting of immobilized SRA, Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense cells or extracts thereof, nucleotidic probes specifically recognizing the mutations (variance) in ApoLl, antibodies specifically recognizing the mutations (variance) in ApoLl and tools for the sequencing of ApoLl gene or messenger RNA.
[0024] Possibly, this diagnostic kit comprises:
nucleotide probes able to identify the mutated (variants) Apolipoprotein L-I or
- antibodies specifically recognizing mutated (variant) Apolipoprotein L-I and/or
- Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense culture and
means to identify whether a subject is expressing the mutated (variant) Apolipoprotein L-I, wherein this mutated (variants) human Apolipoprotein L-I corresponds to the wild-type human Apolipoprotein sequence ( SEQ . ID . NO .1 , SEQ.ID.N0.4 or SEQ. ID. NO.7) modified by (which comprises) a deletion of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20 (preferably 9) of its last C- terminal amino acids and/or wherein this mutated (variant) human Apolipoprotein L-I is selected from the group consisting of SEQ. ID. NO.2, SEQ. ID. NO.3, SEQ. ID. NO.5, SEQ. ID. NO.6, SEQ. ID. NO.8, and SEQ. ID. NO.9 and more preferably being selected from the group consisting of SEQ. ID. NO.2, SEQ. ID. NO.5 and SEQ. ID. NO.8.
[0025] Another aspect of the present inventions relates to a pharmaceutical composition (including a vaccine) comprising an adequate pharmaceutical carrier (or diluent and possibly one or more adequate adjuvant (s)) and a sufficient amount of an element selected from the group consisting of the (wild-type) Apolipoprotein L-I (amino acid sequence; SEQ. ID. NO.1, SEQ. ID. NO.4, SEQ . ID . NO .7 ) ) , the corresponding polynucleotide or vector, or the cell expressing (an active fragment of) this (wild-type) Apolipoprotein L-I (possibly in the form of a pharmaceutically-acceptable lysate or lyophilisate ) ; preferably, this pharmaceutical composition is used in (for) a treatment and/or a prevention of a disease affecting the kidney of a human patient.
[0026] Preferably, the pharmaceutical composition is a solution comprising the (wild-type) Apolipoprotein L-I (SEQ. ID. NO.1, SEQ.ID.N0.4, SEQ.ID.N0.7) at concentrations between (about) 100 ng/ml and (about) 20 mg/ml, more preferably at concentrations between (about) 10 μg/ml and (about) 10 mg/ml, still more preferably at concentrations between (about) 100 μg/ml and (about) 1 mg/ml.
[0027] The inventors used preferably the
(pharmaceutical composition comprising the) wild-type ApoLl at concentrations between (about) 10 μg/ml and (about) 20 mg/ml and still more preferably at (about) 2 mg/ml and (about) 10 mg/ml.
[0028] Advantageously, the wild-type ApoLl is recombinant .
[0029] Preferably, the wild-type (recombinant) ApoLl is not denaturated, such as by mixture with (about 8 M) urea .
[0030] A related aspect of the invention is a pharmaceutical composition comprising a blood sample (preferably a serum) or extract thereof comprising the (wild-type) Apolipoprotein L-I.
[0031] Preferably this blood sample or extract thereof is in the form of (HDL) particles, more preferably, being (essentially; i.e. at more than 50%, preferably more than 60%, more preferably more than 90%) in the form of HDL particles having a density comprised between 1.12 g/ml and 1.21 g/ml . [0032] Preferably, this blood sample (serum or extract, including in the form of (HDL) particles) is for use in the treatment or the prevention of diseases affecting the kidney of a patient (more preferably a human) .
[0033] Preferably, this patient has a mutated ApoLl protein, and more preferably the patient does not express wild-type ApoLl, i.e. for instance the patient carries a mutation on both (chromosomal) copies of ApoLl (possibly the patient is homozygous and expresses two identically mutated ApoLl proteins) .
[0034] More preferably, the mutated ApoLl protein
(present in a blood sample of the patient) is able to kill (in vitro) Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense cells or Trypanosoma mutants having a similar phenotype.
[0035] Alternatively, or in addition, the patient expresses a mutated ApoLl protein corresponding to wild- type human Apolipoprotein L-I ( SEQ . ID . NO .1 , SEQ.ID.N0.4 or SEQ.ID.N0.7) modified by (which comprises) a deletion of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20 (preferably 9) of its last C-terminal amino acids and/or this mutated Apo L-I is selected from the group consisting of SEQ. ID. NO.2, SEQ. ID. NO.3, SEQ. ID. NO.5, SEQ. ID. NO.6, SEQ. ID. NO.8, and SEQ . I D . NO .9. , being more preferably selected from the group consisting of SEQ. ID. NO.2, SEQ. ID. NO.5 and SEQ. ID. NO.8 (and preferably the patient does not express the wild-type ApoLl) .
[0036] Another aspect of the present invention is a therapeutic method to prevent and/or cure renal disease, comprising the steps of:
selecting a (human) patient having or suspected to have a renal disease;
analysing a blood sample (obtained from this patient) for the presence of mutations in ApoLl protein (preferably carrying the mutations on the two ApoLl genes of this patient and/or analysing the absence of wild-type ApoLl);
treating this patient having or suspected to have a renal disease and preferably having a mutation in ApoLl protein by wild-type ApoLl protein and/or by a nucleotide sequence encoding this wild-type ApoLl protein .
[0037] The inventors found various naturally- occurring deletions and mutations in the C-terminal domain of apoLl (the mutated ApoLl of the present invention) and studied their effect on the trypanolytic potential of these mutated proteins against T. b. brucei and T. b. rhodesiense .
[0038] The inventors then screened patients that carry mutated (variants of) ApoLl (patients that express the ApoLl of the invention, being heterozygotes or, more preferably, patients expressing mutated ApoLl and not wild- type ApoLl, possibly this patient is homozygous and/or express the mutated ApoLl of the present invention) .
[0039] The inventors then draw correlations between the trypanolytic potential of the mutated form (variant) of ApoLl and the development of renal syndromes.
[0040] In addition, rodent expressing the mutated ApoLl of the present invention were investigated for their renal pathologies and for the development of corresponding treatments .
[0041] The inventors ran in parallel cell models of kidney disease and provoked kidney disease by the addition of the mutated ApoLl they fermented.
[0042] The inventors then added wild-type ApoLl protein to these transgenic animals and to these cells and observed an overall tendency towards a reduction and/or delay of the renal symptoms. [0043] Finally, the inventors administered ApoLl to human patients suffering for a renal disease and carrying a mutation according to the invention and observed a tendency towards a reduction of the symptoms and/or to the progression of the disease.