The present invention relates in a first aspect to a paper based wrap material to pack products, preferably food products, containing fat, oil and/or grease, with a specific layer including a water based natural coating as the most outer layer and a layer composed of a paper. In a further aspect, a method for preparing the same is provided, including the steps of coating a water based natural coating on both sides of the paper layer C, followed by drying. Optionally, inner layers may be coated between the paper layer C and the outer layer being a water based natural coating. Finally, the use of the said paper based wrap material as wrap material for greasy and fatty material including food and non-food, in particular, for use as a wrap for butter, is provided.

Prior art

Wrapping and packaging of fatty, oily or greasy food or non-food requires particular packaging material. For example, for food products like butter or other type of fat packaging are made of parchment paper or grease resistant paper. Grease resistance is typically improved by composite laminates with aluminium and/or polyethylene. That is, typical constructions are papers and foils including aluminium with paper typically in combination with wax, paraffin or polyethylene between the aluminium and paper material. Although aluminium foils are good wrapping material for butter and margarine, aluminium foil tends to be expensive and are not desired from environmental aspects. However, aluminium helps to prevent deterioration of flavour of the butter or margarine and the like. At present, most butter wraps e. g. in the UK market are made of parchment paper or a grease resistant paper which is commonly made into composite laminates with aluminium and polyethylene. A disadvantage of this type of wrapping material is the problem of recyclability and circular economy although the materials are made from renewable resources. Wrapping material, for example, for butter requires specific properties. For example, it is important that the material has a good oxygen barrier to prevent oxidation of the material, e. g. in case of fatty butter, margarine or soft cheese, it also prevents rancidity of the food accordingly.

WO 2020/068235 A1 identifies a biobased barrier coating comprising polyol/saccharide fatty acid ester blends. The not naturally occurring chemically modified component of PFAE or SFAE used to build a barrier coating on cellulose.

WO 2018/031388 A1 refers to oil, grease, and moisture resistant paper board.

In US 2,290,633 a coated paper and paper products are disclosed.

WO 2013/164646 A1 refers to fibre based material while

US 2021/0107263 A1 discloses biodegradable and/or home compostable sachet containing a solid article.

Moreover, a specific feature of e. g. butter wrap films is its dead-fold capacity. Namely, the dead-fold capacity ensures clean distinct lines on the finish butter pack. A good dead-fold is required to stay in shape during the forming and filling process and a paper with integrated barrier technology is preferred.

Actually, customer requirements include a neat appearance of the package, while the material itself has a good grease resistance and excellent wet strengths with good dead-fold and high oxygen barrier to prevent any deterioration of the packed material. Moreover, today sustainable and natural, in particular, recyclable material is requested by customers.

Today various guidelines and requirements for claiming recyclability and compliance with local requirements must be met. In particular, it is requested by the market that the wrapping material is aluminium free while maintaining excellent water vapour properties as well as good grease resistance.

In particular, there is a need for paper based wrap material to pack products complying with the environmental needs and requirements. In particular, it is desired to provide renewable and natural based materials, avoiding or reducing plastics.

Present invention

The present invention relates in a first aspect to a paper based wrap material to pack products, preferably food products, containing fat, oil and/or grease with the layers A/B/C/D/E with the layer C composed of a paper wherein

- the outer layer A is a water based natural coating;

- the inner layer B is a solvent based coating or a water based coating; - the second inner layer D is a solvent based coating or a water based coating, which may be identical or different to the solvent based coating or a water based coating of layer B;

- the second outer layer E is a water based natural coating, which can be identical or different to the outer layer A; wherein the inner layers B and/or D are at least partly present and wherein the layer A and B can be partly absent, when the outer layer E is adapted to be in contact with the product or layer E can be partly absent when outer layer A is adapted to be in contact with the product.

Namely, the present inventors recognized that combining the central layer or inner layer C composed of the paper material with a water based natural coating, a good grease resistance is achieved combined with good dead-fold, and, preferably, with good oxygen and/or water barrier properties whereby the material is basically recyclable and maintains a look and feel of traditional butter wraps. Moreover, the material can be fully printed with brand imagery and is usable on current butter wrap machineries. The paper contains additionally at least partly of an inner layer B and a second inner layer D which is a solvent based coating or a water based coating. The solvent based coating or a water based coating representing inner layer B and second inner layer D may be the same or may be different.

As used herein, layer C composed of a paper refers to a paper material having good dead-fold properties and, in some aspects, good oxygen barrier properties.

In an embodiment, the oxygen barrier of layer C is less than 10 cm ³ O2/m ² /24 hours at 23 °C and 0 % humidity, like less than 5 cm ³ O2/m ² /24 hours, e. g. less than 3 cm ³ O2/m ² /24 hours according to ASTM 3985.

It is within the term of layer C composed of a paper that additional components are present in lower amounts. For example, additional additives are present in the paper material forming layer C, whereby these additional additives are present in an amount of at most 5 weight-% dry weight. Typical additives in the paper include wood pulp fibres, cellulose-based additives, humectants, such as propylene glycol, fillers and pigments, like calcium carbonate and/or titanium dioxide, formation aids and sizing materials, such as ketone dimers.

It is preferred that the paper material is a repulpable paper or a recyclable paper. In an embodiment, the layer C is a paper of at least 40 g/m ² , like at least 60 g/m ² . For example, the paper has a basis weight in the range from 40 to 200 g/m ² , in particular, in a range from 40 to 140 g/m ² and preferably in a range from 40 to 90 g/m ² . For example, the paper is a micro fibrillated cellulose (MFC) or the like. Suitable paper materials are described e. g. in EP 3 483 337 B1 and are obtainable e. g. as Corran® from Cellucomp. MFC is obtainable through a fibrillation process of cellulose fibres. Using mechanical shearing, the cellulose fibres are separated to a three- dimensional network of micro fibrils with the largest surface area. The obtained fibrils are smaller in diameter than the original fibres and can work in a network or a weblike structure. MFC fibres are able to give a material that is stronger and stiffer than other papers. In addition, MFC is described having excellent oxygen and moisture barriers, e. g. oxygen transmission rate of 4 to 10 ml/m ² /day at 23 °C, 0 % humidity, and a water vapour transfer rate as low as 0.4 g/m ² /day. The paper used typically represents a bio based material having beside the oxygen barrier good mechanical strength, thus, allowing good dead-fold properties.

The layer C may be a layer with a paper of at least 40 g/m ² , like with 40 to 200 g/m ² , preferably 40 to 140 g/m ² , in particular, 40 to 90 g/m ² and/or wherein the paper of layer C is selected from a paper based on short fibre micro fibrillated paper fibres or kraft grade paper laminated with the micro fibrillated paper. Namely, depending on the required oxygen barrier, the paper e. g. being a laminated kraft paper when the oxygen barrier is not essential.

In an embodiment, paper of layer C essentially consist of MFC.

As used herein, the “oxygen barrier” refers to the oxygen transmission rate of the material in question. It relates to the permeation of oxygen through packaging, e. g. the paper. Standard test methods include the ASTM test method D3985, identifying the amount of oxygen gas that passes through a substance over a given period. As mentioned, the reduction of the oxygen is desired to avoid any negative effect including oxidation or malodour of any packed material.

Moreover, in an embodiment the paper layer C is a translucent or transparent paper. That is, the paper has opacity or transparency allowing to an extent that the object is seen through as long as the light is not allowed through the object. Transparency or translucence allows to show the packed material to some extend to the customer.

Depending on the packed product, an oxygen barrier or a moisture barrier is desired and required or not. In an embodiment, layer C may also include additives like UV-blocking components etc.

That is, the paper based wrap material to pack products according to the present invention may be in one aspect a paper based wrap material composed of layers A, C, E with both layers B and D being at least partly absent. Another embodiment includes the structure of layers A, B, C, E or A, C, D, E, namely, wherein only one of the inner layers B and D is present. Another embodiment is a material with at least the layers A, B, C, D, and E, that is, both layers B and D are present.

In particular, when the outer layer E is desired to be in contact with the packed product, whereby the packed product contains fat, oil and/or grease, the second inner layer D is present. Vice versa, in case the outer layer A is in contact with the packed product, the second inner layer B is present in an embodiment.

The outer layer A and/or second outer layer E is a natural water based coating.

As used herein, the term "natural water based coating" refers to a natural material obtained from nature without further chemical modification. In an embodiment, a natural based material refers to saccharides, in particular, polysaccharides, starches, chitosan, pectin, lingocellulose, alginates, hemicelluloses, proteins, whey derivatives, gluten and com zeins.

The natural water based coating according to the present invention may comprise little additional additives useful in coatings. The skilled person is well aware of suitable components including stabilizers, compatibilizers, etc. Other functional additives which may be present in the water based natural coating.

In an embodiment a further component present in layers A and/or E is wax, like polyethylene wax. Further, nitrocellulose may be present in small amounts of at most 5 w.% based on the total amount of the respective layer.

Typically, the natural water based coating as described herein is provided in form of emulsions or suspensions for coating avoiding any organic solvent material. In further embodiments, organic solvents in low amounts (up to 10 % vol/vol) may be present as processing aid.

In this connection, the term “water based” refers to the embodiment wherein water is the main liquid for dissolving or emulsifying the other materials resulting in the dispersion or emulsion of the respective components in water. This allows to keep the functional polymers or substances in a usable form. In some aspects, the water based material contains water as the main component while containing other liquids including alcohol or polar solvents to improve usability.

As used herein, the term “solvent based” refers to solvents with low boiling point, polar, and, in particular, non-polar solvents, typically organic solvents including ethanol, isopropanol, ethylacetate or other material but with only minor or no water percentages. In an embodiment, the solvent is ethylacetate.

With respect to the inner layer B and/or the second inner layer D, solvent based coatings may be used but also water based coatings are possible: The kind of coating is selected to avoid any negative influence on the paper layer C, e.g., maintaining any organic solvents in the layer C after drying, resulting in the development of the presence of unwanted odour but also negative influence on mechanical properties of the paper material, e.g. swelling or rippling when using water based coating.

In an aspect of the present invention, inner layer B and/or the second inner layer D is a solvent based vanish or ink or a water based vanish or ink. That is, in an embodiment, a white printing is present as inner layer B and/or second inner layer E. A skilled person is well aware of suitable inks or vanishes useful in this connection. The coating, e. g. in form of inks or vanishes, are solvent based coatings or water based coatings. Typically, the matter includes resin, pigments and anti-foam agents. In an embodiment, the printing may be transparent or is white.

In an embodiment, the layers B and/or D contain calcium carbonate. Further, in an embodiment the layers B and/or D contain nitrocellulose.

It has been recognized that the presence of inner layer B and second inner layer D is beneficial with respect to the desired properties of the paper based wrap material according to the present invention. Namely, this coating reduces any penetration or infusion of the layers A and/or E into the layer C composed of a paper. Thus, negative influence of the components of the layer A and/or E on paper layer C is avoided. This includes a problem of the development of unwanted odour or any curling of the material as well as enclosing remaining traces of ammonia present in layer C. That is, it is preferred that layers B and D cover the inner layer C fully, before applying layers A and/or E accordingly. The present inventors recognized that applying the layers B and D provides improved packaging material with improved material properties also with respect to storage of the packed products, in particular, the food. In an embodiment, the ink present in the solvent based coating or the water based coating of forming layer B and/or second inner layer D is at least in an amount of 0.5 g/m ² dry weight, like at least 1 g/m ² , e. g. 1 .2 g/m ² , preferably, at least 1 .5 g/m ² ink dry weight.

The resin present in the solvent based coating or the water based coating of inner layer B and/or inner layer D may be based on polyurethane, acryl or heterocellulose, like nitrocellulose.

Further, the paper based wrap material according to the present invention comprises outer layer A and E. Namely, at least one outer layer A or E is present which is designed to be in contact with the packed product, like the food, e. g. the butter or the like.

That is, the second outer layer of A and E can be present fully or may be partly absent according to an embodiment of the present invention. That is, at least the outer layer contacting the wrapped product is present. In an embodiment, both layers, layer A and layer E are present fully which includes fully covering. Further, one of said layers may be present only partly, namely, where the layer comes into contact with the fatty, oily or greasy product. In an embodiment, layer A and/or E are water based natural coatings. For example, layer A and/or layer E have a grease resistance of less than 30 g/m ² , preferably less than 25 g/m ² , determined by the COBB method, e. g. the TAPPI T441 test method. When applying the KIT test method according to TAPPI T559, the score obtained is at least 8, like a score of at least 10, e. g. 11 or 12.

Moreover, a moisture vapour transmission test (MVTR) may be applied at tropical conditions of 38 °C and 90 % RH, whereby the layers should have a value of less than 20 g/m ² /day according to ASTM F1249, which results from layers A and/or E.

In an embodiment, the layers A and/or E comprises wax, in particular, polyethylene wax. In another embodiment, layers A and/or E do not contain or contain only minor amounts of at most 5 w.-% of inorganic material, like binder or filler. For example, layers A and/or E do not contain kaolin.

Further, in an embodiment, the layers A and/or E are transparent. In an another embodiment, the layers B and D are opaque or white do the presence of calcium carbonate.

The outer layer provides the required grease resistance to the paper based wrap material according to the present invention. Thus, at least one of the outer layers A and/or E is designed to be in direct contact with the product. Typical products include butter, margarine or cheese, namely, food, but also non-food, like soap, etc.

In an embodiment of the present invention, customers’ specific images and printing may be present. This printing may be present between outer layer A and inner layer B, when layer A is the outer layer of the final packaging.

In an aspect, decorative printing as customer specific printing, may be present. Also the inner layer B may be present in form of an individual printing. In another embodiment, the decorative printing or the customer’s specific printing may be present as a surface printing on layer A.

Moreover, UV-blocking compounds may be present in the paper based wrap material according to the present invention. Typical UV-blocking compounds include hydroxyvinylbenzotriazole, hydroxyvinyltriercine, benzotriazole, cyano acrylate, HALS. The UV-blocking compounds may be present in at least one of layers A, B and D, but may also be provided in a separate layer located between layers A and B, layers B and C, layers C and D, and layers D and E, respectively.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the paper based wrap material according to the present invention consists of layers A, B, C, D and E, wherein layer C is composed of a paper, layer A and layer E being a water based natural coating containing polysaccharides with a coating weight of at least 2 g/m ² , like at least 2.5 g/m ² , preferably 3.5 g/m ² , e. g. 4.0 g/m ² dry weight, layers B and D are white printed coatings with ink of at least 1 .2 g/m ² dry weight. This material comprising at least layers A, B, C, D and E has good oxygen barrier properties in combination with grease resistance and, in addition, good dead-fold. Further, the material is based on renewable components and allows good recyclability. In addition, the wrap material according to the present invention is e. g. food grade and reduces problems like chemical spoilage due to light, oxygen, heat and moisture.

The desired grease resistance can be obtained from the fully natural water based coating according to the present invention, in particular, the natural water based coating derived from sugars and other components, such as starch. The natural water based coating is typically formed without ammonia, as this can be troublesome to dry or evaporate from an open paper surface. It is preferred that the moisture content of the paper during the production processes are controlled, with preferred moisture content between 5 to 9 %. In contrast to the state of the art production of laminated structures including aluminium, polyethylene and greaseproof paper or parchment paper requiring an acid treatment, in a bath of sulphuric acid or zinc chloride, this is not required for the material according to the present invention. Thus, a recycling by repulping processes is possible with the material according to the present invention.

In a further aspect, a method for producing a paper based wrap material to pack products is provided.

Namely, the method for producing a paper based wrap material to pack products, preferably food products, containing fat, oil and/or grease, wherein said paper based wrap material is composed at least of the layers A/B/C/D/E, as described herein, comprising the steps of

- providing layer C;

- optionally coating of layer B and D simultaneously or sequentially on paper C;

- optionally drying the layers;

- coating of outer layer A and E simultaneously or sequentially, and drying the obtained paper based wrap material.

Each of the steps are well known to the skilled person. For example, the application of coating layers B and D if desired, may be in one pass on both sides by known techniques. The application of the coating can be conducted by coating methods such a rotogravure, flexographic, offset, digital, semi-flexo, offset gravure, Meyer bar or dip coating.

Also the water based natural coating of layers A and E may be applied by the above methods.

In addition, application of the layers may be gradually. However, it is preferred that coating is conducted on both sides at the same time.

After application of the layers B and D, the material is dried by conventional methods and, in the next step, layers A and E are applied on the material accordingly. The application of layers A and E is followed by a further drying step to obtain the paper based wrap material according to the present invention.

If applicable, further steps are conducted including decorative printing or UV- layer coating by conventional means.

The paper based wrap material may be processed further, e. g. comprising the step of slitting the paper based wrap material to predetermined size for further packaging. Finally, the present invention relates to the use of the paper based wrap material according to the present invention or obtainable by a method according to the present invention as wrap material. The wrap material is particularly useful for wrapping greasy, oily and fatty material. This greasy, oily or fatty material includes food and non-food material. Typical examples of food material are butter, margarine or cheese, while non-food materials include soap. In an embodiment, the wrap material according to the present invention is a butter wrap.

In the following, the paper based wrap material will be described by reference to the figures. In figure 1 , the layers A to E forming the paper based wrap material according to the present invention is shown. Layer C is composed of a paper as described herein. By known techniques, layers B and D are coated on layer C, while layers A and E represent the outer layers of the paper based wrap material according to the present invention. At least one of layers A and E is present fully. Namely, the layer which is designed to be in contact with the product. The other outer layer (either A or E) may be present partly only.

Layers A and E are applied to the material of layers B, C, D by common coating methods.

The presence of layers B and D reduces or prevents penetration or infusion of the material and components forming layers A and E, respectively. Since the natural coating of layers A and E are water based coatings, a likelihood of penetration into layer C is given in the absence of the layers B and D. However, penetration or infusion in layer E results in undesired curling and poor odour of the finished coated paper accordingly.

It is submitted that while the paper layer C provides good water and oxygen water properties as well as good dead-fold properties, the layers A and E allow to increase grease resistance. Layers B and D representing intermediate layers are beneficial with respect to the properties mentioned above as well as improving usability of the paper material by avoiding the undesired curling and poor odour.

Figure 2 represents a further example of the paper based wrap material according to the present invention. Therein, a further layer F is present between layers A and B. Layer F represents a decorative printing or customer specific printing located on the outer layers of the final package. For example, in case layer A is absent or only present partly, layer F may be the outer layer accordingly.