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Title:
ASSORTMENT OF PALLET MODULES, AND PALLET ASSEMBLY BUILT OF THE SAME
Document Type and Number:
WIPO Patent Application WO/2020/141494
Kind Code:
A1
Abstract:
Assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30) configured to allow formation of a nested pallet assembly of at least two pallet modules, each pallet module comprising a main structural body (100; 200; 300) exhibiting a generally quadrilateral peripheral border (100A; 200A; 300A) with first to fourth lateral sides (101-104; 201-204; 301-304), a mating system (110, 120, 130, 140; 210, 220, 230, 240; 310, 320, 330,340) provided on said first to fourth lateral sides to allow nesting of the pallet module with another pallet module, a securing system (51-54) configured to allow the pallet module to be secured to or released from another pallet module, and a foot structure (90). The assortment of pallet modules includes a unit-size pallet module (10) whose main structural body (100) exhibits a unit size and at least one larger-size pallet module (20; 30) whose main structural body (200; 300) exhibits a length (L2; L3) corresponding to an integer multiple of a length (LI) of the main structural body of the unit-size pallet module, the unit-size pallet module and each larger-size pallet module being combinable with one another.

Inventors:
REALI MATTHEW (CH)
TALEBI AMIRI MASOUD (CH)
Application Number:
PCT/IB2020/050060
Publication Date:
July 09, 2020
Filing Date:
January 06, 2020
Export Citation:
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Assignee:
PONERA GROUP SAGL (CH)
International Classes:
B65D19/24; B65D19/32
Domestic Patent References:
WO2010064986A12010-06-10
WO1998031595A11998-07-23
WO2017023163A12017-02-09
WO2017200482A12017-11-23
WO2010128261A22010-11-11
Foreign References:
CN206345153U2017-07-21
CN205023079U2016-02-10
US20050051061A12005-03-10
EP3075922A12016-10-05
US20120240500A12012-09-27
US20150096837A12015-04-09
KR101862662B12018-05-31
US20120156438A12012-06-21
DE2231178A11974-01-24
US20110061572A12011-03-17
FR2157171A51973-06-01
US3857342A1974-12-31
US5105746A1992-04-21
JPH0585546A1993-04-06
CN205023079U2016-02-10
CN206345153U2017-07-21
FR2157171A51973-06-01
Other References:
BENOIT MONTREUIL: "Towards a Physical Internet: Meeting the Global Logistics Sustainability Grand Challenge", CIRRELT-2011-03, January 2011 (2011-01-01)
Attorney, Agent or Firm:
NOLL, Ronald et al. (CH)
Download PDF:
Claims:
CLAIMS

1 . An assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) configured to allow formation of a nested pallet assembly (1000; 1000*) of at least two pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) selected from the assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*), which nested pallet assembly (1000; 1000*) is configured to act as a self-supporting platform allowing the handling and transportation of goods, each pallet module (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) comprising:

a main structural body (100; 200; 300; 400; 100*; 200*; 300*) exhibiting a generally quadrilateral peripheral border (100A; 200A; 300A; 400A; 100A*; 200A*; 300A*) with first to fourth lateral sides (101 -104; 201 -204; 301 - 304; 401 -404; 101 *-104*; 201 *-204*; 301 *-304*) extending between upper and lower sides (100B, 100C; 200B, 200C; 300B, 300C; 400B, 400C; 100B*, 100C*; 200B* 200C*; 300B*, 300C*) of the main structural body (100; 200; 300; 400; 100*; 200*; 300*);

a mating system (1 10, 120, 130, 140; 210, 220, 230, 240; 310, 320, 330, 340; 410, 420, 430, 440; 1 10*, 120*, 130*, 140*; 210*, 220*, 230*, 240*; 310*, 320*, 330*, 340*) provided on the first to fourth lateral sides (101 -104; 201 - 204; 301 -304; 401 -404; 101 *-104*; 201 *-204*; 301 *-304*of the main structural body (100; 200; 300; 400; 100*; 200*; 300*) configured to allow nesting of the pallet module (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) within a corresponding part of the mating system (1 10, 120, 130, 140; 210, 220, 230, 240; 310, 320, 330, 340; 410, 420, 430, 440; 1 10*, 120*, 130*, 140*; 210*, 220*, 230*, 240*; 310*, 320*, 330*, 340*) of another pallet module (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) of the assortment;

a securing system (51 -54) configured to allow the pallet module (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) to be secured to or released from another pallet module (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) of the assortment; and

a foot structure (90; 90*) disposed on the lower side (100C; 200C; 300C; 400C; 100C*; 200C*; 300C*) of the main structural body (100; 200; 300; 400; 100*; 200*; 300*),

characterized in that the pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) are produced in at least two different sizes and in that said assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) includes a unit-size pallet module (10; 40; 10*) whose main structural body (100; 400; 100*) exhibits a unit size and at least one larger-size pallet module (20; 30; 20*; 30*) whose main structural body (200; 300; 200*; 300*) exhibits a length (L2; L3) corresponding to an integer multiple of a length (L1 ) of the main structural body (100; 400; 100*) of the unit-size pallet module (10; 40; 10*), the unit-size pallet module (10; 40; 10*) and each larger- size pallet module (20; 30; 20*; 30*) being combinable with one another.

2. The assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) according to claim 1 , wherein the length (L2; L3) of the main structural body (200; 300; 200*; 300*) of each larger-size pallet module (20; 30; 20*; 30*) is at least twice the length (L1 ) of the main structural body (100; 400; 100*) of the unit-size pallet module (10; 40; 10*).

3. The assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the peripheral border (100A; 400A; 100A*) of the main structural body (100; 400; 100*) of the unit-size pallet module (10; 40; 10*) exhibits a square shape.

4. The assortment of pallet modules (10*; 20*; 30*) according to claim 3, wherein the peripheral border (200A*; 300A*) of the main structural body (200*; 300*) of each larger-size pallet module (20*; 30*) exhibits a square shape.

5. The assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) according to any one of the preceding claims, including at least two types of larger-size pallet modules (20; 30; 20*; 30*), namely a medium-size pallet module (30; 20*) and a large-size pallet module (20; 30*).

6. The assortment of pallet modules (10*; 20*; 30*) according to claim 5, wherein the peripheral border (200A*) of the main structural body (200*) of the medium-size pallet module (20*) exhibits a length (L2) that is twice the length (L1 ) of the main structural body (100*) of the unit-size pallet module (10*), and wherein the peripheral border (300A*) of the main structural body (300*) of the large-size pallet module (30*) exhibits a length (L3) that is at least three times the length (L1 ) of the main structural body (100*) of the unit-size pallet module (10*).

7. The assortment of pallet modules (10*; 20*; 30*) according to claim 6, wherein the peripheral border (300A*) of the main structural body (300*) of the large-size pallet module (30*) exhibits a length (L3) that is four times the length (L1 ) of the main structural body (100*) of the unit-size pallet module (10*).

8. The assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the length (L1 ) of the main structural body (100; 400; 100*) of the unit-size pallet module (10; 40; 10*) is comprised within a range of 150 to 300 mm.

9. The assortment of pallet modules (10*; 20*; 30*) according to claim 8, wherein the length (L1 ) of the main structural body (100*) of the unit-size pallet module (10*) is selected to be of 180-192 mm, 239-256 mm or 272-288 mm.

10. The assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30) according to claim 3, including at least two types of larger-size pallet modules (20; 30), namely a medium-size pallet module (30) and a large-size pallet module (20),

wherein the peripheral border (300A) of the main structural body (300) of the medium-size pallet module (30) exhibits a rectangular shape having a length (L3) equal to twice the length (L1 ) of the main structural body (100) of the unit- size pallet module (10) and a width (W3) which is less than twice the length (L1 ) of the main structural body (100) of the unit-size pallet module (10),

and wherein the peripheral border (200A) of the main structural body (200) of the large-size pallet module (20) exhibits a square shape having a length (L2) equal to twice the length (L1 ) of the main structural body (100) of the unit-size pallet module (10).

1 1 . The assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30) according to claim

10, wherein the length (L1 ) of the main structural body (100) of the unit-size pallet module (10) is of approximately 300 mm.

12. The assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30) according to claim

1 1 , wherein a size of the medium-size pallet module (30) corresponds to substantially a quarter of the size of a standard Euro-pallet, the length (L3) and width (W3) of the main structural body (300) of the medium-size pallet module (30) being of approximately 600 mm and 400 mm, respectively.

13. The assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the length (L1 ; L2; L3) of the main structural body (100; 200; 300; 400; 100*; 200*; 300*) of the pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) is comprised within a range of 150 mm to T200 mm.

14. The assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the mating system (1 10, 120, 130, 140; 210, 220, 230, 240; 310, 320, 330, 340; 410, 420, 430, 440; 1 10*, 120*, 130*, 140*; 210*, 220*, 230*, 240*; 310*, 320*, 330*, 340*) of each pallet module (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) includes:

first and second lateral flanges (1 10, 120; 210, 220; 310, 320; 410, 420; 1 10*, 120*; 210*, 220*; 310*, 320*) extending outwardly from the peripheral border (100A; 200A; 300A; 400A; 100A*; 200A*; 300A*) of the main structural body (100; 200; 300; 400; 100*; 200*; 300*), along the first and second lateral sides (101 , 102; 201 , 202; 301 , 302; 401 , 402; 101 *, 102*; 201 *, 202*; 301 *, 302*); and

first and second lateral grooves (130, 140; 230, 240; 330, 340; 430, 440; 130*, 140*; 230*, 240*; 330*, 340*) extending inwardly from the peripheral border (100A; 200A; 300A; 400A; 100A*; 200A*; 300A*) of the main structural body (100; 200; 300; 400; 100*; 200*; 300*), along the third and fourth lateral sides (103, 104; 203, 204; 303, 304; 403, 404; 103*, 104*; 203*, 204*; 303*, 304*), the first and second lateral grooves (130, 140; 230, 240; 330, 340; 430, 440; 130*, 140*; 230*, 240*; 330*, 340*) being each configured to receive the first and second lateral flanges (1 10, 120; 210, 220; 310, 320; 410, 420; 1 10*, 120*; 210*, 220*; 310*, 320*), respectively, of another pallet module (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) of the assortment, so that the first, respectively second lateral flange (1 10, 120; 210, 220; 310, 320; 410, 420; 1 10*, 120*; 210*, 220*; 310*, 320*) of said other pallet module (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) nests within the first, respectively second lateral groove (130, 140; 230, 240; 330, 340; 430, 440; 130*, 140*; 230*, 240*; 330*, 340*) to form the nested pallet assembly (1000; 1000*).

15. The assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) according to claim 14, wherein each of the first and second lateral flanges (1 10, 120; 210, 220; 310, 320; 410, 420; 1 10*, 120*; 210*, 220*; 310*, 320*) exhibits at least one positioning notch (1 10A, 120A; 210A, 220A; 310A, 320A; 410A, 420A; 1 10A* 120A*; 21 OA* 220A*; 31 OA* 320A*) formed along an outer edge of the first and second lateral flanges (1 10, 120; 210, 220; 310, 320; 410, 420; 1 10*, 120*; 210*, 220*; 310*, 320*),

and wherein each of the first and second lateral grooves (130, 140; 230, 240; 330, 340; 430, 440; 130*, 140*; 230*, 240*; 330*, 340*) exhibits at least one protrusion (130A, 140A; 230A, 240A; 330A, 340A; 430A, 440A; 130A*, 140A*; 230A* 240A*; 330A* 340A*) configured to mate with the at least one positioning notch (1 10A, 120A; 210A, 220A; 310A, 320A; 410A, 420A; 1 10A*, 120A*; 210A*, 220A*; 31 OA* 320A*) provided of the first and second lateral flanges (1 10, 120; 210, 220; 310, 320; 410, 420; 1 10*, 120*; 210*, 220*; 310*, 320*) of another pallet module (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) of the assortment.

16. The assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the first and second lateral flanges (1 10, 120; 210, 220; 310, 320; 410, 420; 1 10*, 120*; 210*, 220*; 310*, 320*) are offset sideways with respect to the first and second lateral sides (101 , 102; 201 , 202; 301 , 302; 401 , 402; 101 *, 102*; 201 *, 202*; 301 *, 302*). 17. The assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 10*; 20*; 30*) according to claim 16, wherein the first and second lateral flanges (1 10, 120; 210, 220; 310, 320; 1 10*, 120*; 210*, 220*; 310*, 320*) are joined together to form an L-shaped lateral flange.

18. The assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) according to any one of claims 14 to 17, wherein the first and second lateral flanges (1 10, 120; 210, 220; 310, 320; 410, 420; 1 10*, 120*; 210*, 220*; 310*, 320*) are formed integrally with the main structural body (100; 200; 300; 400; 100*; 200*; 300*).

19. The assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) according to claim 18, wherein the main structural body (100; 200; 300; 400; 100*; 200*; 300*) and the first and second lateral flanges (1 10, 120; 210, 220; 310, 320; 410, 420; 1 10*, 120*; 210*, 220*; 310*, 320*) are made of a plastic or biopolymer material.

20. The assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) according to claim 19, wherein the main structural body (100; 200; 300; 400; 100*; 200*; 300*) and the first and second lateral flanges (1 10, 120; 210, 220; 310, 320; 410, 420; 1 10*, 120*; 210*, 220*; 310*, 320*) are made of high-density polyethylene (HDPE).

21 . The assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) according to claim 19, wherein the main structural body (100; 200; 300; 400; 100*; 200*; 300*) and the first and second lateral flanges (1 10, 120; 210, 220; 310, 320; 410, 420; 1 10*, 120*; 210*, 220*; 310*, 320*) are made of a biopolymer material.

22. The assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) according to any one of claims 18 to 21 , wherein each pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) further comprises a plurality of reinforcing elements (161 , 162; 261 , 262; 361 , 362; 461 , 462; 161 *, 162*; 261 *, 262*; 361 *, 362*) extending within the main structural body (100; 200; 300; 400; 100*; 200*; 300*) and the first and/or second lateral flanges (1 10, 120; 210, 220; 310, 320; 410, 420; 1 10*, 120*; 210*, 220*; 310*, 320*).

23. The assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) according to claim 22, wherein the reinforcing elements (161 , 162; 261 , 262; 361 , 362; 461 , 462; 161 *, 162*; 261 *, 262*; 361 *, 362*) are made of a metal, of a metal alloy, or of a composite material.

24. The assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) according to claim 23, wherein the reinforcing elements (161 , 162; 261 , 262; 361 , 362; 461 , 462; 161 *, 162*; 261 *, 262*; 361 *, 362*) are made of aluminium.

25. The assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) according to any one of claims 22 to 24, wherein the reinforcing elements (161 , 162; 261 , 262; 361 , 362; 461 , 462; 161 *, 162*; 261 *, 262*; 361 *, 362*) are longitudinal rod elements extending between upper and lower surfaces of the main structural body (100; 200; 300; 400; 100*; 200*; 300*) and of the first and/or second lateral flanges (1 10, 120; 210, 220; 310, 320; 410, 420; 1 10*, 120*; 210*, 220*; 310*, 320*).

26. The assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the securing system (51 - 54) of each pallet module (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) includes:

first and second toggle latch components (51 , 52) arranged in the vicinity of the first and second lateral sides (101 , 102; 201 , 202; 301 , 302; 401 , 402; 101 *, 102*; 201 *, 202*; 301 *, 302*), respectively; and

third and fourth toggle latch components (53, 54) arranged in the vicinity of the third and fourth lateral sides (103, 104; 203, 204; 303, 304; 403, 404; 103*, 104*; 203*, 204*; 303*, 304*), respectively, the first and second toggle latch components (51 , 52) being each configured to cooperate and interlock with the third and fourth toggle latch components (53, 54), respectively, of another pallet module (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) of the assortment, to form releasable toggle latches (500) allowing the pallet module (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) to be secured to or released from said other pallet module (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*).

27. The assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) according to claim 26, wherein the first to fourth toggle latch components (51 -54) are provided on the upper side (100B; 200B; 300B; 400B; 100B*; 200B*; 300B*) of the main structural body (100; 200; 300; 400; 100*; 200*; 300*) at least partly within recesses (151 -154; 251 -254; 351 -354; 451 -454; 151 *-154*; 251 *-254*; 351 *-354*) formed below an upper surface of the upper side (100B; 200B; 300B; 400B; 100B*; 200B*; 300B*) of the main structural body (100; 200; 300; 400; 100*; 200*; 300*).

28. The assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the unit size of the unit- size pallet module (10; 40; 10*) is selected such that a total width of a pallet assembly, equalling to an integer number of times a width (L1 ) of the unit-size pallet module (10; 40; 10*), fits within a width of a door opening of a standard rail/sea shipping container and can occupy more than 95%, preferably more than 98%, of the width of said door opening.

29. The assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) according to claim 28, wherein the width of the door opening of the standard rail/sea shipping container is of approximately 2.33 meters, or 92 inches.

30. The assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) according to claim 28 or 29, wherein the total width of the pallet assembly fitting within the width of the door opening of the standard rail/sea shipping container equals to eight times the width (L1 ) of the unit-size pallet module (10; 40; 10*). 31 . The assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) according to any one of claims 1 to 27, wherein the unit size of the unit-size pallet module (10; 40; 10*) is selected such that a total width of a pallet assembly, equalling to an integer number of times a width (L1 ) of the unit-size pallet module (10; 40; 10*), fits within a width of a door opening of a standard truck shipping container and can occupy more than 95%, preferably more than 98%, of the width of said door opening.

32. The assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) according to claim 31 , wherein the width of the door opening of the standard truck shipping container is of approximately 2.5 meters, or 98 inches.

33. The assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) according to claim 31 or 32, wherein the total width of the pallet assembly fitting within the width of the door opening of the standard truck shipping container equals to twelve times the width (L1 ) of the unit-size pallet module (10; 40; 10*).

34. The assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) are configured to be compatible with and enable the Physical Internet (PI) global logistics model, each pallet module (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) including a smart tag providing identification and traceability of the pallet module.

35. A pallet assembly (1000; 1000*) configured to act as a self- supporting platform allowing the handling and transportation of goods, which pallet assembly (1000; 1000*) is built of multiple pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) selected from the assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) according to any one of the preceding claims, which pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) are nested within and interlocked with one another.

36. Use of the assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) according to any one of claims 1 to 34 or of the pallet assembly (1000; 1000*) according to claim 35 for freight logistics, warehousing, transport and/or shipment purposes.

37. Use of the assortment of pallet modules (10; 20; 30; 40; 10*; 20*; 30*) according to any one of claims 1 to 34 or of the pallet assembly (1000; 1000*) according to claim 35 for intralogistics purposes.

Description:
ASSORTMENT OF PALLET MODULES.

AND PALLET ASSEMBLY BUILT OF THE SAME

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention generally relates to an assortment of pallet modules configured to allow formation of a nested pallet assembly of at least two pallet modules selected from the assortment of pallet modules, which nested pallet assembly is configured to act as a self-supporting platform allowing the handling and transportation of goods. The invention also relates to a pallet assembly built of multiple pallet modules selected from the assortment of pallet modules.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

US Patent No. US 3,857,342 A discloses a pallet formed of nestable plastic modules each having four centrally located legs and four outwardly extending flanges, with each of the flanges having means for interlocking with the flanges of adjacent modules. While this solution is suitable for forming a nested pallet assembly of at least two pallet modules, the resulting pallet assembly is however insufficiently robust, the mating and interlocking system being prone to undesired release, leading to potential disconnection of the pallet modules during handling and/or transport of loads, which is clearly undesirable. This is especially critical for the transport of large loads.

The interlocking system contemplated in US Patent No. US 3,857,342 A is furthermore prone to breakage after repeated uses due to the inherent local deformations of the plastic material at the points of attachment between the pallet modules.

Other similar solutions are disclosed in US Patent No. US 5, 105,746 A, Japanese Patent Publication No. JP (H) 5-85546 A, Chinese Utility Model Publications Nos. CN 205023079 U and CN 206345153 U, and International (PCT) Publication Nos. WO 98/31595 A1 , WO 2017/023163 A1 , WO 2017/200482 A1 and WO 2010/128261 A2.

French Patent No. FR 2 157 171 A5 discloses yet another solution where individual pallet modules are securable one to the other in a longitudinal direction by means of first and second toggle latch components located on opposite lateral sides of each pallet module, which first and second toggle latch components are configured to cooperate and interlock with corresponding toggle latch components of another similar pallet module to form releasable toggle latches allowing any given pallet module to be secured to or released from one or two similar pallet modules in the longitudinal direction.

These other known solutions likewise have drawbacks, including complex nesting and/or interlocking systems that unnecessarily complicate assembly and disassembly of multiple pallet modules one with, respectively from the other, which leads to reduced efficiency in usage.

A further problem with the aforementioned known pallet modules resides in that they are not optimized for shipment or warehousing of the individual pallet modules and components, especially due to the presence of feet that are typically made integral with a main structural body of the pallet module. This known solution may furthermore restrict the ability to stack individual pallet modules one on top of the other in a compact manner.

Another problem with the known pallet modules resides in the lack of flexibility thereof, especially in terms of sizes and dimensions which are not optimal and restrict the user’s ability to build a large variety of pallet assemblies of varying sizes and dimensions for non-standard size goods or equipment. Furthermore, the height of the known pallet modules, and of the resulting pallet assemblies, is not optimized and the configuration thereof typically restricts the ability to use the full volume of the transport units and/or to efficiently stack individual pallet modules one above the other for e.g. shipment or warehousing purposes. This is especially the case for pallet modules comprising a foot structure that is made integral with the main structural body of the pallet modules.

As a consequence of these limitations, end users are typically led to make use of conventional wooden pallets, such as Euro-pallets, standard US pallets, and/or other non-standard wooden pallets for larger sized goods or equipment. Even though these wooden pallets can be produced in basically any sizes, and can be regarded as providing a reasonably flexible solution, they do not constitute an efficient solution for end users due to the fact that they are produced to meet specific needs and are typically intended for single use, which makes this solution cost inefficient and environmentally non-sustainable. As far as standard-size Euro-pallets are concerned, these are cheap to produce but, overall, their fixed size of 1200 mm x 800 mm x 144 mm (length x width x height) is not optimal when it comes to shipping and/or warehousing individual pallets and/or for the packaging and shipment of goods or equipment requiring a specific, non standard pallet solution. The same is true for similarly semi-standardized pallets. As a matter of fact, such standardized or semi-standardized pallet solutions only allow to exploit at most of the order of 80% to 90% of the available shipping space of a standard dry container (be it 20 feet or 40 feet in length), which leads to huge inefficiencies and substantial waste in shipping space. The existing solutions do not therefore provide flexibility and adaptability in terms of pallet sizes, which is important for transport, packaging and cost efficiency. Conventional wooden pallets are furthermore not very robust and are prone to breakage, meaning that their usability and life cycle is typically limited to single use or at best to only a few usage cycles (typically less than five times on average). Standard-sized pallets like the Euro-pallets do not furthermore constitute an optimal solution for shipment of goods or equipment having non-standard sizes and dimensions.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A general aim of the invention is to provide an improved assortment of pallet modules of the type configured to allow formation of a nested pallet assembly of at least two pallet modules selected from the assortment of pallet modules.

More specifically, an aim of the present invention is to provide such an assortment of pallet modules from which the end user can choose to build a large variety of pallet assemblies.

Yet another aim of the invention is to provide an assortment of pallet modules that ensures formation of a robust pallet assembly, while not compromising ease and speed of assembly and disassembly.

A further aim of the invention is to provide an assortment of pallet modules that are constructed and designed to facilitate and optimize shipment as well as warehousing of individual pallet modules and components thereof thanks to more optimal sizes and configurations.

Another aim of the invention is to reduce material consumption and increase shipment flexibility and efficiency, especially by reducing waste and providing a reusable solution.

A further aim of the invention is to provide a solution that allows optimisation of a number of factors which impact flexibility and efficiency, namely (i) pallet assembly time, (ii) cost of pallet material, and (iii) shipment efficiency.

These aims are achieved thanks to the solutions defined in the claims.

In accordance with the invention, there is provided an assortment of pallet modules according to claim 1 , namely an assortment of pallet modules configured to allow formation of a nested pallet assembly of at least two pallet modules selected from the assortment of pallet modules, which nested pallet assembly is configured to act as a self-supporting platform allowing the handling and transportation of goods, each pallet module comprising:

a main structural body exhibiting a generally quadrilateral peripheral border with first to fourth lateral sides extending between upper and lower sides of the main structural body;

a mating system provided on the first to fourth lateral sides of the main structural body configured to allow nesting of the pallet module within a corresponding part of the mating system of another pallet module of the assortment;

a securing system configured to allow the pallet module to be secured to or released from another pallet module of the assortment; and

a foot structure disposed on the lower side of the main structural body.

In accordance with the invention, the pallet modules are produced in at least two different sizes and the assortment of pallet modules includes a unit-size pallet module whose main structural body exhibits a unit size and at least one larger-size pallet module whose main structural body exhibits a length corresponding to an integer multiple of a length of the main structural body of the unit-size pallet module, the unit-size pallet module and each larger-size pallet module being combinable with one another.

The present invention, with its smart, modular concept, provides unprecedented benefits, especially in terms of freight logistics and environmental sustainability. In particular, the underlying structure and concept of the invention, is simple, yet provides substantial flexibility in the large variety of pallet assemblies that can be built on the basis of the relevant assortment of pallet modules. The dimensions and structure of the relevant pallet modules can be selected to boost efficiency and ease of use. In fact, the pallet modules can be assembled (and disassembled) very easily and quickly, and the dimensions thereof can be optimized to ensure that substantially all of the available shipment space can be exploited, thereby drastically reducing waste as well as packaging and shipment costs. In addition, the pallet modules are designed to be reused many times, thereby ensuring greater sustainability and reducing carbon footprint as a result compared to existing pallet solutions.

Furthermore, a standardisation of the pallet modules, which may be used to create pallet assemblies of multiple desired sizes meeting a larger variety of needs, favours and enables a truly circular economy. This enables substantial cost reductions by an order of magnitude compared to existing solutions. This furthermore offers substantially greater flexibility in optimising usage of available shipment space. Finally, a circular economy offers the ability to integrate digital solutions for efficiently managing, monitoring and tracking individual pallet modules.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the length of the main structural body of each larger-size pallet module is at least twice the length of the main structural body of the unit-size pallet module.

The peripheral border of the main structural body of the unit-size pallet module may conveniently exhibit a square shape. This being said the main structural body of the unit-size pallet module could alternatively exhibit a rectangular shape with different dimensions in width and length.

In the context of the embodiment wherein the peripheral border of the main structural body of the unit-size pallet module exhibits a square shape, the peripheral border of the main structural body of each larger-size pallet module may likewise exhibit a square shape. In other words, each pallet module of the relevant assortment of pallet modules exhibits a square shape and the larger-size pallet modules are integer multiples of the unit-size pallet module. The same principle is however applicable in the event that the main structural body of the unit-size pallet module exhibits a rectangular shape.

In accordance with an embodiment of the invention, the assortment of pallet modules preferably includes at least two types of larger-size pallet modules, namely a medium-size pallet module and a large-size pallet module. By way of preference, the peripheral border of the main structural body of the medium-size pallet module exhibits a length that is twice the length of the main structural body of the unit-size pallet module. The peripheral border of the main structural body of the large-size pallet module exhibits a length that is at least three times, in particular four times, the length of the main structural body of the unit-size pallet module.

In accordance with another embodiment of the invention wherein the peripheral border of the main structural body of the unit-size pallet module exhibits a square shape, the assortment of pallet modules likewise includes at least two types of larger-size pallet modules, namely a medium-size pallet module and a large-size pallet module. In accordance with this other embodiment, the peripheral border of the main structural body of the medium-size pallet module exhibits a rectangular shape having a length equal to twice the length of the main structural body of the unit-size pallet module and a width which is less than twice the length of the main structural body of the unit-size pallet module. The peripheral border of the main structural body of the large-size pallet module exhibits a square shape having a length equal to twice the length of the main structural body of the unit-size pallet module.

In the context of this other embodiment, the length of the main structural body of the unit-size pallet module may be of approximately 300 mm, and a size of the medium-size pallet module may preferably correspond to substantially a quarter of the size of a standard Euro-pallet, the length and width of the main structural body of the medium-size pallet module being of approximately 600 mm and 400 mm, respectively.

From a more general perspective, the length of the main structural body of the pallet modules is preferably comprised within a range of 150 mm to 1’200 mm.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the mating system of each pallet module includes:

first and second lateral flanges extending outwardly from the peripheral border of the main structural body, along the first and second lateral sides ; and

first and second lateral grooves extending inwardly from the peripheral border of the main structural body, along the third and fourth lateral sides, the first and second lateral grooves being each configured to receive the first and second lateral flanges, respectively, of another pallet module of the assortment, so that the first, respectively second lateral flange of said other pallet module nests within the first, respectively second lateral groove to form the nested pallet assembly.

Advantageously, each of the first and second lateral flanges may exhibit at least one positioning notch formed along an outer edge of the first and second lateral flanges, and each of the first and second lateral grooves may likewise exhibit at least one protrusion configured to mate with the at least one positioning notch provided of the first and second lateral flanges of another pallet module of the assortment.

The first and second lateral flanges may in particular be offset sideways with respect to the first and second lateral sides, with the first and second lateral flanges being optionally joined together to form an L-shaped lateral flange.

The first and second lateral flanges may be formed integrally with the main structural body, in which case the main structural body and the first and second lateral flanges can advantageously be made of plastic or biopolymer material. High-density polyethylene (HDPE) may in particular come into consideration. Use of a biopolymer material could also be contemplated as an alternative to plastic material. In the aforementioned context, the pallet module may furthermore comprise a plurality of reinforcing elements extending within the main structural body and the first and/or second lateral flanges. Such reinforcing element may in particular be made of a metal, such as aluminium, of a metal alloy, or of a composite material. Furthermore, the aforementioned reinforcing elements are preferably longitudinal rod elements extending between upper and lower surfaces of the main structural body and of the first and/or second lateral flanges.

According to a further refinement of the invention, the securing system of each pallet module includes:

first and second toggle latch components arranged in the vicinity of the first and second lateral sides, respectively; and

third and fourth toggle latch components arranged in the vicinity of the third and fourth lateral sides, respectively,

the first and second toggle latch components being each configured to cooperate and interlock with the third and fourth toggle latch components, respectively, of another pallet module of the assortment, to form releasable toggle latches allowing the pallet module to be secured to or released from said other pallet module.

In this latter context, the first to fourth toggle latch components are preferably provided on the upper side of the main structural body at least partly within recesses formed below an upper surface of the upper side of the main structural body.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the unit size of the unit-size pallet module is selected such that a total width of a pallet assembly, equalling to an integer number of times (especially eight times) a width of the unit- size pallet module, fits within a width of a door opening of a standard rail/sea shipping container and can occupy more than 95% (preferably more than 98%) of the width of this door opening. In this context, the relevant width of the door opening of the standard rail/sea shipping container may in particular be of approximately 2.33 meters (or 92 inches).

Likewise, according to another embodiment of the invention, the unit size of the unit-size pallet module is selected such that a total width of a pallet assembly, equalling to an integer number of times (especially twelve times) a width of the unit-size pallet module, fits within a width of a door opening of a standard truck shipping container and can occupy more than 95% (preferably more than 98%) of the width of this door opening. In this context, the relevant width of the door opening of the standard truck shipping container may in particular be of approximately 2.5 meters (or 98 inches).

By way of preference, the pallet modules are configured to be compatible with and enable the so-called Physical Internet (PI) global logistics model, each pallet module including a smart tag providing identification and traceability of the pallet module. The modularity of the pallet concept of the present invention is in effect a functional enabler of the encapsulation principle required by the Physical Internet global logistics model.

Also claimed is a pallet assembly configured to act as a self-supporting platform allowing the handling and transportation of goods, which pallet assembly is built of multiple pallet modules selected from the assortment of pallet modules according to the invention, which pallet modules are nested within and interlocked with one another.

Further claimed is the use of the assortment of pallet modules or of the pallet assembly for freight logistics, warehousing, transport and/or shipment purposes or for intralogistics purposes.

Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are discussed below.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Other features and advantages of the present invention will appear more clearly from reading the following detailed description of embodiments of the invention which are presented solely by way of non-restrictive examples and illustrated by the attached drawings in which:

Figure 1A is a perspective view of a pallet module, seen from an upper angle, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 1 B is a perspective view of the pallet module of Figure 1A seen from a lower angle;

Figure 1 C is a top view of the pallet module of Figure 1 A;

Figure 1 D is a bottom view of the pallet module of Figures 1 A; Figure 1 E is a side view of the pallet module of Figure 1 A as seen from a first side;

Figure 1 F is a side view of the pallet module of Figure 1 A as seen from a second side;

Figure 1 G is a side view of the pallet module of Figure 1 A as seen from a third side;

Figure 1 FI is a side view of the pallet module of Figure 1 A as seen from a fourth side;

Figure 2A is a partial perspective view of the pallet module of Figure 1 A as seen from a lower angle and which shows one of a plurality of foot elements of a foot structure provided on a lower side of the pallet module;

Figures 2B and 2C are exploded views of one of the foot elements of Figure 2A shown in isolation;

Figure 3A is a perspective view of a pallet module, seen from an upper angle, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 3B is a perspective view of the pallet module of Figure 3A seen from a lower angle;

Figure 3C is a top view of the pallet module of Figure 3A;

Figure 4A is a perspective view of a pallet module, seen from an upper angle, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 4B is a perspective view of the pallet module of Figure 4A seen from a lower angle;

Figure 4C is a top view of the pallet module of Figure 4A;

Figure 5A is a perspective view of the pallet module of Figure 1A, seen from an upper angle, which pallet module is further provided with a pair of cover elements in accordance with a further embodiment of the invention;

Figure 5B is a perspective view of the pallet module and cover elements of Figure 5A seen from a lower angle;

Figures 6A and 6B are perspective views of a first one of the cover elements of Figures 5A-5B seen from upper and lower angles;

Figures 7A and 7B are perspective views of the second one of the cover elements of Figures 5A-5B seen from upper and lower angles; Figure 8 is a perspective view of a releasable toggle latch as used for securing two adjacent pallet modules one to the other in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;

Figure 9A is a schematic top view of a pallet assembly formed by combining multiple pallet modules in accordance with the present invention; and

Figure 9B is another schematic top view of another pallet assembly formed by combining multiple pallet modules in accordance with the present invention;

Figure 10A is a perspective view of a pallet module, seen from an upper angle, in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 10B is a perspective view of the pallet module of Figure 10A seen from a lower angle;

Figure 1 1A is a perspective view of a pallet module, seen from an upper angle, in accordance with yet another embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 1 1 B is a perspective view of the pallet module of Figure 1 1 B seen from a lower angle;

Figure 12A is a perspective view of a pallet module, seen from an upper angle, in accordance with a further embodiment of the present invention, which pallet module forms part of the same assortment of pallet modules as the pallet module of Figures 1 1 A-B;

Figure 12B is a perspective view of the pallet module of Figure 12A seen from a lower angle;

Figure 13A is a perspective view of a pallet module, seen from an upper angle, in accordance with still another embodiment of the present invention, which pallet module forms part of the same assortment of pallet modules as the pallet modules of Figures 1 1A-B and Figures 12A-B; and

Figure 13B is a perspective view of the pallet module of Figure 13A seen from a lower angle.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

The present invention will be described in relation to various illustrative embodiments. It shall be understood that the scope of the invention encompasses all combinations and sub-combinations of the features of the embodiments disclosed herein. As described herein, when two or more parts or components are described as being connected, secured or coupled to one another, they can be so connected, secured or coupled directly to each other or through one or more intermediary parts.

In the context of the present invention, the expressions“pallet module” and “pallet assembly” are understood to refer to self-supporting platforms configured to allow the handling and transportation of goods, as used in particular for freight logistics, warehousing, transport and/or shipment purposes. Other similar purposes may also come into consideration, including e.g. intralogistics, namely the logistical handling of goods within the walls of a production or distribution center. More specifically, a pallet assembly according to the invention is built of multiple pallet modules which are nested within and interlock with one another to form a platform that is adapted in particular to support and allow transport and shipment of goods or equipment, be it by ground, sea or air transportation.

The invention will be described in relation to various embodiments of pallet modules as depicted in Figures 1A-H to 13A-B, which pallet modules are each configured to allow formation of a nested pallet assembly of at least two similar pallet modules as schematically illustrated, by way of illustration, in Figures 9A and 9B. While some features of the invention will be discussed with reference to Figures 1 A-H to 2A-C and 5A-B to 8, it shall be appreciated that the relevant considerations apply by analogy to the embodiments shown in Figures 3A-C, 4A- C and 10A-B to 13A-B.

Figures 1 A and 1 B are two perspective views, taken from different viewing angles, of a pallet module, designated globally by reference numeral 10, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. The same pallet module 10 is shown from the top and bottom in Figures 1 C and 1 D and from all four sides in Figures 1 E to 1 H .

The pallet module 10 (as well as the other embodiments of pallet modules described herein) is configured to allow formation of a nested pallet assembly of at least two similar pallet modules, be it another identical pallet module 10 or e.g. a compatible pallet module 20 or 30 as for instance shown in Figures 3A-C or Figures 4A-C. The pallet module 10 comprises a main structural body 100 exhibiting a generally quadrilateral peripheral border 100A with first to fourth lateral sides 101 - 104 extending between upper and lower sides 100B, 100C of the main structural body 100. The first to fourth lateral sides 101 -104 are here numbered in sequence in the counter-clockwise direction when looking at the pallet module 10 from the top (as shown in Figure 1 C). The pallet module 10 further comprises a foot structure 90 that is disposed on the lower side 100C of the main structural body 100. The foot structure 90 could be designed as a fixed foot structure comprising one or more fixed foot elements made integral with or permanently attached to the main structural body 100. By way of preference, however, the foot structure 90 is configured as a releasable foot structure comprising one or more releasable foot elements 91 that can each be secured to or removed from a corresponding foot-receiving element 92 provided on the lower side 100C of the main structural body 100.

In accordance with this embodiment, the peripheral border 100A here exhibits a square shape with a defined length (and width) L1 as reproduced on Figure 1 C. By way of illustration, it will be assumed that the length L1 is of approximately 300 mm, but any other length could be contemplated. From a general perspective, the length of the pallet module of the invention may especially be within a range of the order of 150 mm to T200 mm.

More specifically, the pallet module 10 depicted in Figures 1 A-H forms one pallet module of an assortment of pallet modules (including the pallet module 20 of Figures 3A-C and the pallet module 30 of Figures 4A-C) that are combinable together to form a nested pallet assembly. In that regard, the pallet module 10 will also be referred as a“unit-size pallet module”, namely a pallet module 10 whose main structural body exhibits a unit size of here L1 x L1 , all other pallet modules of the relevant assortment exhibiting a larger size. More precisely, the larger-size pallet modules (e.g. the pallet modules 20 and 30 of Figures 3A-C and Figures 4A-C, respectively) are pallet modules whose main structural body (200, resp. 300) exhibits a length (L2, resp. L3) corresponding to an integer multiple of the length L1 of the main structural body 100 of the unit-size pallet module 10. In that respect, length L1 will also be referred to as“unit length”. One particular feature of the pallet module 10 of Figures 1A-H, which is likewise reflected on the pallet module 20 of Figures 3A-C and the pallet module 30 of Figures 4A-C, is the presence of first and second lateral flanges 1 10, 120 extending outwardly from the peripheral border 100A of the main structural body 100 along the first and second lateral sides 101 , 102. These first and second lateral flanges 1 10, 120 form a first part of the mating system that is configured to allow nesting of multiple pallet modules within one another. As this will be appreciated hereafter, the first and second lateral flanges 1 10, 120 are configured to cooperate with a corresponding side portion of another similar pallet module, namely another part of the relevant mating system.

As shown in Figures 1 A-1 H, the main structural body 100 exhibits first and second lateral grooves 130, 140 extending inwardly from the peripheral border 100A of the main structural body 100 along the third and fourth lateral sides 103, 104. These first and second lateral grooves are each configured to receive the first and second lateral flanges, respectively, of another similar pallet module (including e.g. the first and second lateral flanges 1 10, 120 of another pallet module 10) so that the first, respectively second lateral flange of said other similar pallet module nests within the first, respectively second lateral groove 130, 140, thereby forming a nested pallet assembly.

As this is visible from the illustrations of Figures 1 A-H (as well as Figures 3A-C and 4A-C), the first and second lateral flanges 1 10, 120 are advantageously offset sideways with respect to the first and second lateral sides 101 , 102. This optimizes the available space for nesting pallet modules one within the other, and especially ensures that load can adequately be supported at each corner of the pallet module. In the illustrated example, in view of the fact that the first and second lateral sides 101 , 102 are adjacent sides, it will be appreciated that the first and second lateral flanges 1 10, 120 jointly form an L-shaped lateral flange on the side of the pallet module, which constitutes a highly characteristic feature of this embodiment of the invention. This same feature is also present on the other illustrated embodiments of the pallet modules of Figures 3A-C and 4A- C. In addition to the aforementioned mating system 1 10, 120, 130, 140, the pallet module 10 further comprises a securing system configured to allow the pallet module 10 to be secured to or released from another similar pallet module of the nested pallet assembly. This securing system includes first and second toggle latch components 51 , 52 that are arranged in the vicinity of the first and second lateral sides 101 , 102, respectively, and third and fourth toggle latch components 53, 54 that are arranged in the vicinity of the third and fourth lateral sides 103, 104, respectively. The first and second toggle latch components 51 , 52 are each configured to cooperate and interlock with the third and fourth toggle latch components 53, 54, respectively, of another similar pallet module of the nested pallet assembly, to form releasable toggle latches 500 (see Figure 8) allowing the pallet module 10 to be secured to or released from the other similar pallet module.

As shown in Figure 8, the resulting releasable toggle latches 500 typically comprises a spring-loaded latch element with a moveable latch section 510 that extends outwardly to cooperate with a catch element comprising a catch section 550. The spring-loaded latch element is preferably manually actuatable and further comprises a handle section 520 that is mechanically linked to the moveable latch section 510 to allow manual actuation of the latch element. Each releasable toggle latch 500 is thus formed of two connectable or disconnectable sections, one being provided on one pallet module of the pallet assembly, and the other on the other, adjacent pallet module of the pallet assembly.

By way of preference, the first to fourth toggle latch components 51 -54 are provided on the upper side 100B of the main structural body 100, as shown, namely at least partly within recesses 151 -154 formed below an upper surface of the upper side 100B of the main structural body 100. The first to fourth toggle latch components 51 -54 could alternatively be provided on the lower side 100C of the main structural body 100, but this constitutes a less favourable solution.

In the illustrated embodiment, the aforementioned spring-loaded latch element is advantageously located on the side where the first, respectively second lateral flange is provided. This provides for some protection of the moveable latch section 510 thanks to the presence of the neighbouring lateral flange. Referring to Figures 1A-H, the first and second toggle latch components 51 , 52 thus consist of spring-loaded latch elements whose moveable latch section 510 extends outwardly beyond the peripheral border 100A of the main structural body 100, i.e. beyond the first and second lateral sides 101 , 102, respectively. As a consequence, the third and fourth toggle latch components 53, 54 consist of catch elements whose catch section 550 is located entirely with the relevant recesses 153, 154, respectively. As illustrated, a corresponding clearance is formed in all four lateral sides 101 to 104 to allow passage of the relevant portion of the moveable latch section 510, thereby allowing assembly of multiple pallet modules together.

In accordance with a particularly preferred embodiment, each of the first and second lateral flanges 1 10, 120 exhibits at least one positioning notch 1 10A, respectively 120A, formed along an outer edge of the first and second lateral flanges 1 10, 120. In the illustrations of Figures 1 A-H, only one positioning notch 1 10A, respectively 120A, is formed along the outer edge of the first and second lateral flanges 1 10, 120. Likewise, each of the first and second lateral grooves 130, 140 exhibits at least one corresponding protrusion 130A, respectively 140A, configured to mate with a corresponding positioning notch provided on the first and second lateral flanges of another similar pallet module.

In accordance with a particularly preferred variant, as shown, a position of each positioning notch 1 10A, 120A along the outer edge of the first and second lateral flanges 1 10, 120 and a position of each protrusion 130A, 140A within the first and second lateral grooves coincide with a position of each of the first to fourth toggle latch components 51 -54 along the first to fourth lateral sides. This same principle is reflected on the other pallet modules of the same assortment and guarantees a precise and accurate positioning of the pallet modules one with respect to the other. This further ensures that the mating system 1 10, 120, 130, 140 ideally supports load applied on the pallet assembly and provides adequate resistance and robustness against shear stress.

By way of preference, the first and second lateral flanges 1 10, 120 are formed integrally with the main structural body 100, which ensures structural integrity of the entire pallet module. One could alternatively contemplate to build the pallet module from multiple pallet components that are assembled one with the other.

An integral structure is however preferred in that the pallet module can be mass-produced, for instance by moulding. In that respect, the main structural body 100 and first and second lateral flanges 1 10, 120 can especially be made of plastic or biopolymer material, which can especially be shaped into the desired configuration by moulding. In that respect, one may appreciate that the main structural body 100 shown in Figures 1A-H is advantageously structured to form ribs and valleys to save weight, while maintaining the structural integrity of the main structural body 100. High-density polyethylene (HDPE) may be an optimal candidate in view of its highly crystalline structure which makes it a strong, high- density, moderately stiff plastic ideal for the intended purpose. HDPE (like some other polymer materials) is furthermore approved for contact with food products. In addition, HDPE is one of the easiest to recycle and has the highest recycling rate amongst polymer materials (> 30%), benefiting from well-established recycling channels. Biopolymer materials could also come into consideration as a viable and sustainable alternative.

In this latter context especially, it is of interest for structural integrity to additionally provide a plurality of reinforcing element extending within the main structural body and the first and/or second lateral flanges. Such reinforcing elements allow distribution of forces over the full surface area of the pallet module and thereby substantially improve stress and load resistance of the resulting pallet assembly. These reinforcing elements can be made of any suitable material, especially a metal, such as aluminium, a metal alloy or a composite material.

Reinforcing elements are shown in Figures 1A-H as longitudinal rod elements 161 , 162 that extend within the main structural body 100 and the first and second lateral flanges 1 10, 120, between upper and lower surfaces thereof. More precisely, in the illustrated embodiment, a first series of longitudinal rod elements 161 extends in a first direction (here from the first lateral side 101 to the third lateral side 103 of the main structural body 100, both above and below the location of the first and second lateral flanges 1 10, 120), while a second series of longitudinal rod elements 162 extends in a second direction distinct from the first direction (here perpendicularly to the first series of rod elements 161 , within the thickness of the first and second lateral flanges 1 10, 120).

The reinforcing elements 161 , 162 can especially be integrated within the main structural body 100 and the first and second lateral flanges 1 10, 120, made of plastic or biopolymer material, by combined moulding techniques, where the relevant reinforcing elements 161 , 162 are prepositioned inside the mould prior to injection of the plastic or biopolymer material to ultimately form a combined metal-plastic structure.

Figure 2A is a partial perspective view of the pallet module of Figure 1 A-H as seen from a lower angle and which shows one of a plurality of foot elements of the foot structure 90 provided on the lower side 100C of the main structural body 100 of the pallet module 10.

In accordance with a preferred variant of the invention, as illustrated, the foot structure 90 is configured as a releasable foot structure comprising one or more releasable foot elements 91 that can each be secured to or removed from a corresponding foot-receiving element 92 provided on the lower side 100C of the main structural body 100.

By way of preference, each releasable foot element 91 is connected to the foot-receiving element 92 by means of a spring-loaded locking mechanism (an example of which is shown in greater detail in Figures 2B and 2C) that is configured to allow the releasable foot elements 91 to be manually inserted into and automatically interlock with the foot-receiving elements 92 without this requiring any tool, which spring-loaded locking mechanism is further configured to allow selective manual release of the releasable foot element from the foot receiving element.

Figures 2B and 2C are exploded views of a particularly advantageous configuration of the releasable foot elements 91 and foot-receiving elements 92, where the spring-loaded locking mechanism includes a mounting aperture 92A provided on each foot-receiving element 92 (see Figure 2C) and configured to receive a head portion 91 A of each releasable foot element 91. This head portion 91 A is provided with a retaining section 91 B, namely a retaining groove forming a neck section on the head portion 91 A, which retaining section 91 B is configured to cooperate, upon axial insertion of the head portion 91 A inside the mounting aperture 92A, with a plurality of spring-loaded retaining elements 95 provided on each foot-receiving element 92 and emerging inside the mounting aperture 92A. In the present example, four such retaining elements 95 are distributed about the mounting aperture 92A and only part thereof is accordingly visible in Figure 2C. The spring-loaded retaining elements 95 can be simple elongated elements that are mounted inside radial holes formed in the foot-receiving element 92 and that are urged towards the interior of the mounting aperture 92A by means of springs.

Each releasable foot element can further be provided with a lower mounting aperture 91 C configured and dimensioned to receive a head portion 91 A of another foot element 91 , each releasable foot element 91 being provided with a plurality of spring-loaded retaining elements 95 * (similar to the spring- loaded retaining elements 95 provided in the foot-receiving element 92) emerging inside the lower mounting aperture 91 C and configured to cooperate with and retain the retaining section 91 B of another foot element 91 upon axial insertion of the head portion 91 A inside the lower mounting aperture 91 C. In this way, multiple foot elements 91 can be assembled together to form component assemblies that are easier and more convenient to handle, especially for shipment purposes. In the illustrated example, only two spring-loaded retaining elements 95 * are provided, which is sufficient for the contemplated purpose. The force exerted by these spring-loaded retaining elements 95 * can furthermore be selected to facilitate purely manual release of the foot elements 91 one from another.

Also shown in Figures 2A-C is a spacing 92C provided between each foot receiving element 92 and each releasable foot element 91 . This spacing 92C is configured to allow lateral insertion of a tool, such as a crowbar or screwdriver, between the foot-receiving element 92 and the releasable foot element 91 . Using the tool as a lever, the releasable foot element 91 can be easily released from the foot-receiving element 92.

Also visible in Figures 2B-C is a head portion 92B of the foot-receiving element 92. This head portion 92B is used for the purpose of securing the foot receiving element 92 to the lower side 100C of the main structural body 100. In a manner similar to the aforementioned reinforcing elements 161 , 162, the foot receiving elements 92 - or more precisely the head portion 92B thereof - can be integrated to the lower side 100C of the main structural body 100, made of plastic or biopolymer material, by combined moulding techniques.

Figures 3A-C are two perspective views, taken from different viewing angles, and a top view of a pallet module, designated globally by reference numeral 20, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention, and which forms part of a same assortment of pallet modules as the pallet module 10 of Figures 1 A-H. The pallet module 20 will also be referred as a“large-size pallet module”.

Figures 4A and 4B are two perspective views, taken from different viewing angles, and a top view of a pallet module, designated globally by reference numeral 30, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention, and which likewise forms part of a same assortment of pallet modules as the pallet module 10 of Figures 1 A-H and the pallet module 20 of Figures 3A-C. The pallet module 30 will also be referred as a“medium-size pallet module”.

The pallet modules 20 and 30 share a substantial number of common features with the pallet module 10, including:

a main structural body 200, resp. 300, exhibiting a generally quadrilateral peripheral border 200A, resp. 300A with first to fourth lateral sides 201 -204, resp. 301 -304, extending between upper and lower sides 200B, 200C, resp. 300B, 300C, of the main structural body 200, resp. 300;

first and second lateral flanges 210, 220, resp. 310, 320, extending outwardly from the peripheral border 200A, resp. 300A, of the main structural body 200, resp. 300, along the first and second lateral sides 201 , 202, resp. 301 , 302;

first and second lateral grooves 230, 240, resp. 330, 340, extending inwardly from the peripheral border 200A, resp. 300A, of the main structural body 200, resp. 300, along the third and fourth lateral sides 203, 204, resp. 303, 304;

a foot structure 90 disposed on the lower side 200C, resp. 300C, of the main structural body 200, resp. 300; first and second toggle latch components 51 , 52 arranged in the vicinity of the first and second lateral sides 201 , 202, resp. 301 , 302; and

third and fourth toggle latch components 53, 54 arranged in the vicinity of the third and fourth lateral sides 203, 204, resp. 303, 304.

The first to fourth toggle latch components 51 -54 are likewise provided on the upper side 200B, resp. 300B, of the main structural body 200, resp. 300, at least partly within corresponding recesses 251 -254, resp. 351 -354, formed below the upper surface of the upper side 200B, resp. 300B, of the main structural body 200, resp. 300.

One difference between the pallet module 20 of Figures 3A-C and the pallet module 10 of Figures 1 A-H resides in the dimensions of the pallet module 20, or more exactly the dimensions of the main structural body 200. In accordance with this embodiment, the peripheral border 200A here exhibits a square shape with a defined length (and width) L2 as reproduced on Figure 3C, which is twice the unit length L1 of the unit-size pallet module 10 of Figures 1A- H, i.e. of approximately 600 mm in the illustrated example, hence the reason why this pallet module 20 is being referred to as the large-size pallet module.

Similarly, one difference between the pallet module 30 of Figures 4A-C and the pallet module 10 of Figures 1 A-H resides in the dimensions of the pallet module 30, or more exactly the dimensions of the main structural body 300. In accordance with this embodiment, the peripheral border 300A here exhibits a rectangular shape with a defined length L3 and defined width W3 as reproduced on Figure 4C. The length L3 is likewise twice the unit length L1 of the unit-size pallet module 10 of Figures 1 A-H, i.e. of approximately 600 mm in the illustrated example, but the width W3, in the illustrated example, is of approximately 400 mm, hence the reason why this pallet module 30 is being referred to as the medium-size pallet module.

The overall size of the pallet module 30 is specifically chosen in the illustrated example to correspond to exactly a quarter of the dimensions of a standard Euro-pallet which has a length of T200 mm and a width of 800 mm. In other words, assembling four medium-size pallet modules 30 in a square would lead to a pallet assembly exhibiting substantially the size of a standard Euro- pallet. Other dimensions could however be contemplated. The same principle could for instance be applied with regard to standard US pallets or the like.

As a result of the aforementioned choices of dimensions, and in order to ensure compatibility with e.g. the pallet module 10 of Figures 1A-H, the number of toggle latch components 51 -54 on each side of the pallet module 20 is doubled, whereas only the number of second and fourth toggle latch components 52, 54 is doubled in the case of the pallet module 30. By the same token, each of the first and second lateral flanges 210, 220 and each of the first and second lateral grooves 230, 240 are provided with a pair of positioning notches 210A, 220A and a pair of protrusions 230A, 240A, respectively, whereas only the second lateral flange 320 and the second lateral groove 340 are each provided with a pair of positioning notches 320A and protrusions 340A.

In the example in Figures 3A-C, the position of the second and fourth toggle latch components 52 and 54 along the second and fourth lateral sides 202, 204 (and of the positioning notches 220A and protrusions 240A) is compatible with the position of the toggle latch components 51 -54 (and of the position of the relevant notches and protrusions) along the lateral sides 101 -104 of the pallet module 10 or of the toggle latch components 52, 54 along the lateral sides 302, 304 of the pallet module 30. In other words, two pallet modules 10 or one pallet module 30 could be assembled to either one or both of the second and fourth lateral sides 202, 204 of the pallet module 20.

By contrast, the position of the first and third toggle latch components 51 and 53 along the first and third lateral sides 201 , 203 (and of the positioning notches 210A and protrusions 230A) is different, meaning that the pallet module 20 can only be coupled via the first lateral side 201 or the third lateral side 203 to a corresponding lateral side of another pallet module 20 or to a similar pallet module exhibiting the same configuration.

The pallet module 20 could however be designed to ensure that all toggle latch components 51 -54, positioning notches 210A, 220A and protrusions 230A, 240A are positioned in a symmetric manner and ensure compatibility of engagement on all sides with the other pallet modules. As far as the toggle latch components 51 -54 are concerned, these are identical to the toggle latch components 51 -54 used in the embodiment of Figures 1A-H. In other words, the first and second toggle latch components 51 , 52 shown in Figures 3A-C and 4A-C are likewise spring-loaded latch elements comprising a moveable latch section 510 (linked to a handle section 520) that extends outwardly beyond the peripheral border 200A, resp. 300A, of the main structural body 200, resp. 300, while the third and fourth toggle latch components 53, 54 are catch elements comprising a catch section 550 configured to cooperate with the moveable latch section 510 of the spring-loaded latch elements of another similar pallet module.

Other than that, substantially the same considerations as set forth in respect of the embodiment of Figures 1 A-H apply to the pallet modules 20 and 30.

For instance, longitudinal rod elements 261 , 262, resp. 361 , 362, acting as reinforcing elements are likewise provided within the main structural body 200, resp. 300, and within the first and second lateral flanges 210, 220, resp. 310, 320.

In the same way, the foot structure 90 of pallet modules 20 and 30 can be strictly identical to the foot structure 90 discussed in relation to the embodiment of Figures 1 A-H and Figures 2A-C, meaning that the releasable foot elements 91 are perfectly interchangeable between the pallet modules 10, 20 and 30.

It will therefore be appreciated that the present invention provides for unprecedented flexibility in that a large variety and sizes of pallet assemblies can be created to meet various requirements. Furthermore, this modularity is not made to the detriment of the ease and speed of assembly and disassembly, or of the robustness. This extensive modularity furthermore facilitates shipment of the relevant pallet modules and components, optimizes space usage, and increases transport efficiency as a result. The advantages of the invention are multiple and include in particular:

multiple pallet module sizes, which reduces material waste and leads to a more efficient solution for shipment purposes as multiple pallet assemblies of varying sizes can be built as a result, which pallet assemblies best fit the transport purpose and especially allow to reduce wasted space between palleted goods or equipment;

improved stackability of the pallet modules when empty/unused, which optimizes shipment as well as warehousing of individual pallet modules;

ease and speed of assembly and disassembly of the pallet modules;

optimized height of the pallet modules, which allows for a further reduction of the volume when shipping or warehousing individual pallet modules; and

high robustness and reliability, which leads to an increased life cycle and the ability to reuse the pallet modules for multiple transport operations.

Figures 10A-B are two perspective views, taken from different viewing angles, of a pallet module, designated globally by reference numeral 40, in accordance with another embodiment of the invention, and which forms part of another assortment of pallet modules. The pallet module 40 will, like the pallet module 10 of Figures 1 A-H, be referred as a“unit-size pallet module”.

The pallet module 40 shares a substantial number of common features with the pallet modules 10, 20 and 30, including:

a main structural body 400 exhibiting a generally quadrilateral peripheral border 400A with first to fourth lateral sides 401 -404 extending between upper and lower sides 400B, 400C of the main structural body 400;

first and second lateral flanges 410, 420 extending outwardly from the peripheral border 400A of the main structural body 400 along the first and second lateral sides 401 , 402;

first and second lateral grooves 430, 440 extending inwardly from the peripheral border 400A of the main structural body 400 along the third and fourth lateral sides 403, 404;

a foot structure 90 * disposed on the lower side 400C of the main structural body 400;

first and second toggle latch components 51 , 52 arranged in the vicinity of the first and second lateral sides 401 , 402; and third and fourth toggle latch components 53, 54 arranged in the vicinity of the third and fourth lateral sides 403, 404.

In a manner similar to the unit-size pallet module 10, the main structural body 400 of the unit-size pallet module 40 preferably exhibits a square shape, and all larger-size pallet modules of the same assortment (not shown) exhibit similar configurations allowing pallet modules to be combinable with one another. By way of illustration, the unit length (L1 ) of the unit-size pallet module 40 is here of approximately 192 mm.

The first to fourth toggle latch components 51 -54 are likewise provided on the upper side 400B of the main structural body 400, at least partly within corresponding recesses 451 -454 formed below the upper surface of the upper side 400B of the main structural body 400.

One difference between the pallet module 40 of Figures 10A-B and the pallet modules 10, 20, 30 of Figures 1 A-H, 3A-C and 4A-C resides in the configuration of the first and second lateral flanges 410, 420 and first and second lateral grooves 430, 440, which only extend along a portion of the relevant lateral sides 401 -404. It may furthermore be appreciated that each lateral flange 410, 420 is provided with a pair of positioning notches 410A, resp. 420A, and that each lateral groove 430, 440 is likewise provided with a pair of protrusions 430A, 440A, the function of which remains the same as previously described.

One further difference resides in the configuration of the foot structure 90 * , which consists in this example of a fixed foot structure provided on the lower side 400C of the main structural body 400 and comprising a foot element 91 * that is made integral with the main structural body 400. Advantageously, the foot element 91 * exhibits a conical shape, as shown, and the main structural body 400 is structured to exhibit a corresponding depression on the upper side 400B allowing stacking of multiple pallet modules 40 one on top of the other, which reduces space consumption when stacked.

The aforementioned pallet module structures and sizes are illustrative of possible embodiments of the invention. In accordance with another embodiment of the invention, one could contemplate that the main structural body of each of the larger-size pallet modules has a size corresponding to an integer multiple of the unit size of the unit-size pallet module.

In particular, the unit-size pallet module could exhibit a square shape of dimensions L1 x L1 (like the pallet module 10 of Figures 1A-H or the pallet module 40 of Figures 10A-B) and the peripheral border of the main structural body of each one of the larger-size pallet modules could exhibit a square shape of dimensions n * L1 x n * L1 , where n is an integer greater than or equal to 2. Even more preferably, the larger-size pallet modules could exhibit a square shape of dimension 2 n* L1 x 2 n* L1 . Figures 1 1 A-B to 13A-B are illustrative of an assortment of pallet modules following this principle. In this context, optimal sizes include especially sizes deriving from a unit length L1 ranging from 150 mm to 300 mm, and in particular a unit length of 180-192 mm, 239-256 mm or 272-288 mm, which constitute particularly preferred dimensions. The same principle could however be applied in the event that the unit-size pallet module exhibits a rectangular shape with different dimensions in length and width, the consequence being that each larger-size pallet module of the assortment will likewise exhibit a rectangular shape whose size is an integer multiple of the unit size of the unit-size pallet module.

Figures 1 1 A-B are two perspective views, taken from different viewing angles, of a pallet module, designated globally by reference numeral 10 * , in accordance with yet another embodiment of the invention, and which forms part of a further assortment of pallet modules. The pallet module 10 * will, like the pallet module 10 of Figures 1 A-H and the pallet module 40 of Figures 10A-B, be referred as a“unit-size pallet module”.

Figures 12A-B are two perspective views, taken from different viewing angles, of a pallet module, designated globally by reference numeral 20 * , in accordance with an embodiment of the invention, and which forms part of the same assortment of pallet modules as the pallet module 10 * of Figures 1 1A-B. The pallet module 20 * will also be referred as a“medium-size pallet module”.

Figures 13A-B are two perspective views, taken from different viewing angles, of a pallet module, designated globally by reference numeral 30 * , in accordance with an embodiment of the invention, and which likewise forms part of the same assortment of pallet modules as the pallet module 10* of Figures 11A-B and the pallet module 20* of Figures 12A-B. The pallet module 30* will also be referred as a“large-size pallet module”.

The pallet modules 10* 20* and 30* share a substantial number of common features, including:

a main structural body 100* 200* resp. 300* exhibiting a generally quadrilateral peripheral border 100A* 200A* resp. 300A* with first to fourth lateral sides 101 *-104* 201 *-204* resp. 301 *-304* extending between upper and lower sides 100B* 100C*, 200B* 200C*, resp. 300B* 300C*, of the main structural body 100* 200* resp. 300*;

first and second lateral flanges 110* 120* 210* 220* resp. 310* 320* extending outwardly from the peripheral border 100A* 200A* resp. 300A* of the main structural body 100* 200*, resp. 300*, along the first and second lateral sides 101 *, 102*, 201 *, 202*, resp. 301 *, 302*;

first and second lateral grooves 130*, 140*, 230*, 240*, resp. 330*, 340*, extending inwardly from the peripheral border 100A* 200A* resp. 300A* of the main structural body 100*, 200*, resp. 300*, along the third and fourth lateral sides 103*, 104*, 203*, 204*, resp. 303*, 304*;

a foot structure 90* disposed on the lower side 100C*, 200C*, resp. 300C*, of the main structural body 100*, 200*, resp. 300*;

first and second toggle latch components 51 , 52 arranged in the vicinity of the first and second lateral sides 101*, 102*, 201 *, 202*, resp. 301 *, 302*; and

third and fourth toggle latch components 53, 54 arranged in the vicinity of the third and fourth lateral sides 103*, 104*, 203*, 204*, resp. 303*, 304*.

The first to fourth toggle latch components 51 -54 are likewise provided on the upper side 100B* 200B* resp. 300B* of the main structural body 100*, 200*, resp. 300*, at least partly within corresponding recesses 151 *-154*, 251 *-254*, resp. 351 *-354*, formed below the upper surface of the upper side 100B* 200B* resp. 300B* of the main structural body 100*, 200*, resp. 300*. The main structural bodies 100 * 200 * 300 * of the unit-size pallet module 10 * the medium-size pallet module 20 * and the large-size pallet module 30 * respectively, each exhibit a square shape. The length of the main structural body 200 * of the medium-size pallet module 20 * is here twice the unit length (L1 ), while the length of the main structural body 300 * of the large-size pallet module 30 * is four times the unit length (L1 ). By way of illustration, the unit length (L1 ) of the unit-size pallet module 10 * is of approximately 287,5 mm, meaning that the length of the medium-size pallet module 20 * and of the large-size pallet module 30 * is of 575 mm and T150 mm, respectively. Other dimensions could once again be contemplated, without departing from the scope of the invention as claimed. The number of toggle latch components 51 -54 along each side increases as a function of the increase in dimensions of the pallet module, namely from one per side for the unit-size pallet module 10 * , to two per side for the medium-size pallet module 20 * , and four per side for the large-size pallet module 30 * .

In a manner similar to pallet module 40 of Figures 10A-B, the foot structure 90 * consists in each case of a fixed foot structure comprising one or more foot elements 91 * that are made integral with the main structural body 100 * , 200 * , resp. 300 * . Advantageously, the main structural bodies 100 * , 200 * , resp. 300 * are likewise structured to exhibit one or more corresponding depressions on the upper side 10OB * 200B * resp. 300B * allowing stacking of multiple pallet modules one on top of the other.

In accordance with another variant of the invention, which is reflected on all illustrated embodiments shown in Figures 1 A-H, 3A-C, 4A-C, 10A-B, 1 1A-B, 12A-B and 13A-B, through-holes 190 could be provided in the main structural body 100, 200, 300, 400, 100 * , 200 * resp. 300 * and the first and second lateral flanges 1 10, 120, 210, 220, 310, 320, 410, 420, 1 10 * , 120 * , 210 * , 220 * resp. 310 * , 320 * , next to the toggle latch components 51 -54, which through-holes 190 extend from an upper surface to a lower surface of the main structural body and the first and second lateral flanges. Figures 1 A-H, 3A-C, 4A-C, 1 1A-B, 12A-B and 13A-B actually show the provision of a pair of such through-holes 190 next to each of the toggle latch components 51 -54, while Figures 10A-B show only one such through-hole 190 next to each of toggle latch component 51 -54. These through- holes 190 are advantageous in that they can be exploited for the purpose of passing ropes, straps or like securing bands to secure a load on the relevant pallet assembly. These through-holes 190 can furthermore be used to mount vertical posts on the pallet assembly to support e.g. side walls or barriers.

Figures 5A-B to 7A-B illustrate a further refinement of the invention shown in the particular context of the pallet module 10, but that is applicable by analogy to any other pallet module, including the pallet modules 20 and 30 of Figures 3A- C and 4A-C, the pallet module 40 of Figures 10A-B, and the pallet modules 10 * , 20 * and 30 * of Figures 1 1A-B to 13A-B.

Figures 5A-B show the pallet module 10 of Figures 1 A-H additionally provided with a pair of cover elements 170, 180 configured to cover an upper side of the first and second lateral flanges 1 10, 120, each cover element 170, 180 having an upper surface that is flush with an upper surface of the upper side 100B of the main structural body 100 of the pallet module 10. Each cover element 170, 180 is separately shown in Figures 6A-B and 7A-B, respectively.

While two cover elements 170, 180 are shown in Figures 5A-B, one could obviously contemplate to use a single L-shaped cover element to cover both the first and second lateral flanges 1 10, 120.

It shall also be appreciated that each cover element may also cover part of the first or second lateral flanges of another pallet module of the nested pallet assembly as for instance disclosed by way of illustration in Figures 9A and 9B.

Irrespective of the above, each cover element comprises at least one toggle latch component 71 , resp. 81 , configured to cooperate and interlock with a corresponding one of the first and second latch components 51 , 52 of the pallet module 10 to form a releasable toggle latch 500 allowing the cover element to be secured to or released from the pallet module 10. In the illustrated example, each toggle latch component 71 , 81 consists of a catch element comprising a catch section 550, identical to that of the third and fourth toggle latch components 53, 54, which catch element is located within a corresponding recess 171 , resp. 181 , of the cover element.

Also visible in Figures 5A-B to 7A-B is an extension 170A, resp. 180A, provided on the underside of each cover element 170, 180 to fill the gap of the positioning notches 1 10A, 120A formed along the outer edge of the first and second lateral flanges 1 10, 120.

Figures 9A and 9B are two schematic top views of a pallet assembly formed by combining multiple pallet modules in accordance with the present invention.

More precisely, Figure 9A shows a pallet assembly 1000 formed of nine unit-size pallet modules 10 that are assembled together to form a square-shaped pallet assembly. In this illustrative example, two cover elements 170’ and 180’ are located on the portions of the pallet assembly 1000 where the first and second lateral flanges 1 10, 120 of pallet modules 10 would otherwise be exposed.

Figure 9B shows another pallet assembly 1000 * formed of four pallet modules, namely two large-size pallet modules 20 and two medium-size pallet modules 30. In a manner similar to the pallet assembly 1000 of Figure 9A, two cover elements 170 * and 180 * are located on the portions of the pallet assembly 1000 * where the first and second lateral flanges 210, 220, 310, 320 of pallet modules 20, 30 would otherwise be exposed.

In accordance with an embodiment of the invention, the unit size of the unit-size pallet module (including the unit-size pallet module 10, 40 or 10 * described above) can be selected such that a total width of a pallet assembly, equalling to an integer number of times the width (or length) L1 of the unit-size pallet module, fits within a width of a door opening of a standard rail/sea shipping container and can occupy more than 95% (preferably more than 98%) of the width of this door opening. The relevant width of the door opening of a standard rail/sea shipping container may in particular be of approximately 2.33 meters (or 92 inches). In this context, the aforementioned requirements would for instance be met with a pallet assembly having a total width equalling to eight times the width L1 of a unit-size pallet module having a unit size of approximately 290 mm x 290 mm.

Similarly, in accordance with another embodiment of the invention, the unit size of the unit-size pallet module can be selected such that a total width of a pallet assembly, equalling to an integer number of times the width (or length) L1 of the unit-size pallet module, fits within a width of a door opening of a standard truck shipping container and can occupy more than 95% (preferably more than 98%) of the width of this door opening. The relevant width of the door opening of a standard truck shipping container may in particular be of approximately 2.5 meters (or 98 inches). In this context, the aforementioned requirements would for instance be met with a pallet assembly having a total width equalling to twelve times the width L1 of a unit-size pallet module having a unit size of approximately 206 mm x 206 mm.

In accordance with a particularly preferred application of the present invention, the pallet modules may advantageously be configured to be compatible with and enable the so-called Physical Internet (PI) global logistics model, which is also referred to as the Physical Internet Initiative (see in particular“Towards a Physical Internet: Meeting the Global Logistics Sustainability Grand Challenge”, Benoit Montreuil, January 201 1 , CIRRELT-201 1 -03, which publication is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety). The Physical Internet encapsulates physical objects in physical packets or containers (referred to as “tt-containers”). The modularity of the pallet concept of the present invention is in effect a functional enabler of this encapsulation principle.“Encapsulation” is one of the three main requirements of the Physical Internet global logistics model; two additional requirements are“Protocols” and“Interfaces”. The present invention further acts as an enabler to the implementation of these two additional requirements in that it allows for the standardization of pallet modules for different sizes and load requirements, and provides for added flexibility, enabling reorganization of the entire freight logistics at distribution centres (or nodes). In this context, each pallet module may further include a smart tag (based e.g. on RFID or GPS technology) providing identification and traceability of each pallet module, a further functional enabler of the Physical Internet global logistics model. This smart tag in particular helps ensuring the identification, integrity, routing, conditioning, monitoring, traceability and security of each tt-container and further enables distributed handling, storage and routing automation.

Various modifications and/or improvements may be made to the above- described embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. For instance, while the illustrated embodiments show pallet modules where the first and second flanges and the first and second lateral grooves are contiguous, the first and second lateral flanges and the first and second lateral grooves could alternatively be provided on opposite lateral sides of the main structural body of the pallet module. In that respect, the expressions“first lateral side”,“second lateral side”,“third lateral side” and“fourth lateral side” shall not be construed as designating any particular sequence of sides, but rather any of the four lateral sides forming the quadrilateral peripheral border of the main structural body of the pallet module.

In addition, it will be understood that each pallet module may comprise a multiplicity of lateral flanges arranged in different levels and a corresponding multiplicity of lateral grooves configured to mate with the multiplicity of a lateral flanges of another similar pallet module.

Furthermore, as already mentioned hereabove, the foot structure could be designed as a releasable foot structure or as a fixed foot structure comprising one or more fixed foot elements that are made integral with the main structural body of the pallet module or that are permanently attached to the main structural body.

It is also to be appreciated that the invention is not limited to assortments of pallet modules including only a unit-size pallet module, a medium-size pallet module and a large-size pallet module.

Moreover, the peripheral border of the main structural body of the unit-size pallet module does not necessarily need to exhibit a square shape but could for instance be of rectangular shape with different dimensions in width and length. The invention is in effect applicable to any pallet module whose main structural body exhibits a generally quadrilateral peripheral border.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS AND SIGNS USED THEREIN

10 (unit-size) pallet module (first assortment of pallet modules)

100 main structural body of pallet module 10

100A generally quadrilateral peripheral border of main structural body 100

100B upper side of main structural body 100

100C lower side of main structural body 100 101 first lateral side of main structural body 100

102 second lateral side of main structural body 100

103 third lateral side of main structural body 100

104 fourth lateral side of main structural body 100

1 10 first lateral flange extending outwardly from peripheral border 100A of main structural body 100, along first lateral side 101

1 10A positioning notch formed along an outer edge of first lateral flange

1 10

120 second lateral flange extending outwardly from peripheral border

100A of main structural body 100, along second lateral side 102

120A positioning notch formed along an outer edge of second lateral flange 120

130 first lateral groove extending inwardly from peripheral border 100A of main structural body 100, along third lateral side 103

130A protrusion formed within first lateral groove 130

140 second lateral groove extending inwardly from peripheral border

100A of main structural body 100, along fourth lateral side 104

140A protrusion formed within second lateral groove 140

151 recess accommodating first toggle latch component 51

152 recess accommodating second toggle latch component 52

153 recess accommodating third toggle latch component 53

154 recess accommodating third toggle latch component 54

161 reinforcing elements extending within main structural body 100 / first series of longitudinal rod elements

162 reinforcing elements extending within main structural body 100 and first and second lateral flanges 1 10, 120 / second series of longitudinal rod elements

20 (large-size) pallet module (first assortment of pallet modules)

200 main structural body of pallet module 20

200A generally quadrilateral peripheral border of main structural body 200

200B upper side of main structural body 200

200C lower side of main structural body 200 201 first lateral side of main structural body 200

202 second lateral side of main structural body 200

203 third lateral side of main structural body 200

204 fourth lateral side of main structural body 200

210 first lateral flange extending outwardly from peripheral border 200A of main structural body 200, along first lateral side 201

210A positioning notch formed along an outer edge of first lateral flange

210

220 second lateral flange extending outwardly from peripheral border

200A of main structural body 200, along second lateral side 202

220A positioning notch formed along an outer edge of second lateral flange 220

230 first lateral groove extending inwardly from peripheral border 200A of main structural body 200, along third lateral side 203

230A protrusion formed within first lateral groove 230

240 second lateral groove extending inwardly from peripheral border

200A of main structural body 200, along fourth lateral side 204

240A protrusion formed within second lateral groove 240

251 recess accommodating first toggle latch component 51

252 recess accommodating second toggle latch component 52

253 recess accommodating third toggle latch component 53

254 recess accommodating third toggle latch component 54

261 reinforcing elements extending within main structural body 200 / first series of longitudinal rod elements

262 reinforcing elements extending within main structural body 200 and first and second lateral flanges 210, 220 / second series of longitudinal rod elements

30 (medium-size) pallet module (first assortment of pallet modules)

300 main structural body of pallet module 30

300A generally quadrilateral peripheral border of main structural body 300

300B upper side of main structural body 300

300C lower side of main structural body 300 301 first lateral side of main structural body 300

302 second lateral side of main structural body 300

303 third lateral side of main structural body 300

304 fourth lateral side of main structural body 300

310 first lateral flange extending outwardly from peripheral border 300A of main structural body 300, along first lateral side 301

310A positioning notch formed along an outer edge of first lateral flange

310

320 second lateral flange extending outwardly from peripheral border

300A of main structural body 300, along second lateral side 302

320 A positioning notch formed along an outer edge of second lateral flange 320

330 first lateral groove extending inwardly from peripheral border 300A of main structural body 300, along third lateral side 303

330A protrusion formed within first lateral groove 330

340 second lateral groove extending inwardly from peripheral border

300A of main structural body 300, along fourth lateral side 304

340A protrusion formed within second lateral groove 340

351 recess accommodating first toggle latch component 51

352 recess accommodating second toggle latch component 52

353 recess accommodating third toggle latch component 53

354 recess accommodating third toggle latch component 54

361 reinforcing elements extending within main structural body 300 / first series of longitudinal rod elements

362 reinforcing elements extending within main structural body 300 and first and second lateral flanges 310, 320 / second series of longitudinal rod elements

40 (unit-size) pallet module (second assortment of pallet modules)

400 main structural body of pallet module 40

400A generally quadrilateral peripheral border of main structural body 400

400B upper side of main structural body 400

400C lower side of main structural body 400 401 first lateral side of main structural body 400

402 second lateral side of main structural body 400

403 third lateral side of main structural body 400

404 fourth lateral side of main structural body 400

410 first lateral flange extending outwardly from peripheral border 400A of main structural body 400, along portion of first lateral side 401

410A positioning notches formed along an outer edge of first lateral flange

410

420 second lateral flange extending outwardly from peripheral border

400A of main structural body 400, along portion of second lateral side 402

420 A positioning notches formed along an outer edge of second lateral flange 420

430 first lateral groove extending inwardly from peripheral border 400A of main structural body 400, along portion of third lateral side 403

430A protrusions formed within first lateral groove 430

440 second lateral groove extending inwardly from peripheral border

400A of main structural body 400, along fourth lateral side 403

440A protrusions formed within second lateral groove 440

451 recess accommodating first toggle latch component 51

452 recess accommodating second toggle latch component 52

453 recess accommodating third toggle latch component 53

454 recess accommodating third toggle latch component 54

461 reinforcing element (longitudinal rod) extending within main structural body 400

462 reinforcing elements (longitudinal rods) extending within main structural body 400 and second lateral flange 420

10 (unit-size) pallet module (third assortment of pallet modules)

100 main structural body of pallet module 10 *

100A * generally quadrilateral peripheral border of main structural body

100

100B * upper side of main structural body 100 * 100C * lower side of main structural body 100 *

101 first lateral side of main structural body 100 *

102 second lateral side of main structural body 100 *

103 * third lateral side of main structural body 100 *

104 * fourth lateral side of main structural body 100 *

1 10 first lateral flange extending outwardly from peripheral border 100A * of main structural body 100 * along first lateral side 101 *

1 10A * positioning notch formed along an outer edge of first lateral flange

1 10 *

120 second lateral flange extending outwardly from peripheral border

100A * of main structural body 100 * along second lateral side 102 *

120A * positioning notch formed along an outer edge of second lateral flange 120 *

130 * first lateral groove extending inwardly from peripheral border 100A * of main structural body 100 * along third lateral side 103 *

130A * protrusion formed within first lateral groove 130 *

140 * second lateral groove extending inwardly from peripheral border

100A * of main structural body 100 * , along fourth lateral side 104 *

140A * protrusion formed within second lateral groove 140 *

151 * recess accommodating first toggle latch component 51

152 * recess accommodating second toggle latch component 52

153 * recess accommodating third toggle latch component 53

154 * recess accommodating third toggle latch component 54

161 * reinforcing elements (longitudinal rods) extending within main structural body 100 * and first lateral flange 1 10 *

162 * reinforcing elements (longitudinal rods) extending within main structural body 100 *

20 (medium-size) pallet module (third assortment of pallet modules)

200 main structural body of pallet module 20 *

200A * generally quadrilateral peripheral border of main structural body

200

200B * upper side of main structural body 200 * 200C * lower side of main structural body 200 *

201 first lateral side of main structural body 200 *

202 second lateral side of main structural body 200 *

203 * third lateral side of main structural body 200 *

204 * fourth lateral side of main structural body 200 *

210 first lateral flange extending outwardly from peripheral border 200A * of main structural body 200 * along first lateral side 201 *

210A * positioning notch formed along an outer edge of first lateral flange

210 *

220 second lateral flange extending outwardly from peripheral border

200A * of main structural body 200 * , along second lateral side 202 *

220A * positioning notch formed along an outer edge of second lateral flange 220 *

230 * first lateral groove extending inwardly from peripheral border 200A * of main structural body 200 * along third lateral side 203 *

230A * protrusion formed within first lateral groove 230 *

240 * second lateral groove extending inwardly from peripheral border

200A * of main structural body 200 * , along fourth lateral side 204 *

240A * protrusion formed within second lateral groove 240 *

251 * recess accommodating first toggle latch component 51

252 * recess accommodating second toggle latch component 52

253 * recess accommodating third toggle latch component 53

254 * recess accommodating third toggle latch component 54

261 * reinforcing elements (longitudinal rods) extending within main structural body 200 * and first lateral flange 210 *

262 * reinforcing elements (longitudinal rods) extending within main structural body 200 *

30 * (large-size) pallet module (third assortment of pallet modules)

300 * main structural body of pallet module 30 *

300A * generally quadrilateral peripheral border of main structural body

300 *

300B * upper side of main structural body 300 * 300C* lower side of main structural body 300*

301 * first lateral side of main structural body 300*

302* second lateral side of main structural body 300*

303* third lateral side of main structural body 300*

304* fourth lateral side of main structural body 300*

310* first lateral flange extending outwardly from peripheral border 300A* of main structural body 300* along first lateral side 301 *

310A* positioning notch formed along an outer edge of first lateral flange

310*

320* second lateral flange extending outwardly from peripheral border

300A* of main structural body 300*, along second lateral side 302*

320A* positioning notch formed along an outer edge of second lateral flange 320*

330* first lateral groove extending inwardly from peripheral border 300A* of main structural body 300* along third lateral side 303*

330A* protrusion formed within first lateral groove 330*

340* second lateral groove extending inwardly from peripheral border

300A* of main structural body 300*, along fourth lateral side 304*

340A* protrusion formed within second lateral groove 340*

351 * recess accommodating first toggle latch component 51

352* recess accommodating second toggle latch component 52

353* recess accommodating third toggle latch component 53

354* recess accommodating third toggle latch component 54

361 * reinforcing elements (longitudinal rods) extending within main structural body 300* and first lateral flange 310*

362* reinforcing elements (longitudinal rods) extending within main structural body 300*

51 first toggle latch component(s) arranged in the vicinity of the first lateral side 101 , 201 , 301 , 401 , 101 *, 201 * resp. 301 * / spring- loaded latch element(s) 52 second toggle latch component(s) arranged in the vicinity of the second lateral side 102, 202, 302, 402, 102*, 202* resp. 302* / spring-loaded latch element(s)

53 third toggle latch component(s) arranged in the vicinity of the third lateral side 103, 203, 303, 403, 103*, 203* resp. 303* / catch element(s)

54 fourth toggle latch component(s) arranged in the vicinity of the fourth lateral side 104, 204, 304, 404, 104*, 204* resp. 304* / catch element(s)

170 cover element configured to cover upper side of first lateral flange

170A extension of cover element 170 configured to fill the gap of the positioning notch on the first lateral flange

171 recess formed in cover element 170 to accommodate toggle latch component 71

180 cover element configured to cover upper side of second lateral flange

180A extension of cover element 180 configured to fill the gap of the positioning notch on the second lateral flange

181 recess formed in cover element 180 to accommodate toggle latch component 81

170’ cover element configured to cover upper side of first lateral flange

180’ cover element configured to cover upper side of second lateral flange

170* cover element configured to cover upper side of first lateral flange

180* cover element configured to cover upper side of second lateral flange

71 toggle latch component / catch element(s) provided on cover element 170, 170’, resp. 170*

81 toggle latch component / catch element(s) provided on cover element 180, 180’, resp. 180*

500 releasable toggle latch

510 moveable latch section of spring-loaded latch element 51 , resp. 52 520 handle section mechanically linked to moveable latch section 510

550 catch section of catch element 53, 54, 71 , resp. 81

90 foot structure (releasable)

91 releasable foot elements

91 A head portion of releasable foot element 91 dimensioned and configured to be received in mounting aperture 92A of foot-receiving element 92 or in lower mounting aperture 91 C of another releasable foot element 91

91 B retaining section 91 B of head portion 91 A configured to cooperate with spring-loaded retaining elements 95 or 95*

91 C lower mounting aperture provided in lower portion of releasable foot element 91 / dimensioned to receive head portion 91A of another releasable foot element 91

92 foot-receiving elements provided on lower side 100C, 200C, resp.

300C of main structural body 100, 200, resp. 300

92A mounting aperture provided in foot-receiving element 92 / dimensioned to receive head portion 91 A of releasable foot element 91

92B head portion of foot-receiving element 92 for attachment to lower side 100C, 200C, resp. 300C of main structural body 100, 200, resp. 300

95 spring-loaded retaining elements provided on foot-receiving element 92 and emerging inside mounting aperture 92A

95* spring-loaded retaining elements provided on lower portion of releasable foot element 91 and emerging inside lower mounting aperture 91 C

90* foot structure (fixed) of pallet modules 40, 10*, 20*, resp. 30*

91 * fixed foot element(s)

190 through-holes extending from an upper surface to a lower surface of main structural body 100, 200, 300, 400, 100*, 200* resp. 300* and first and second lateral flanges 110, 120, 210, 220, 310, 320, 410, 420, 110*, 120*, 210*, 220*, 310* resp. 320* 1000 pallet assembly built of multiple pallet modules 10 nested within and interlocked with one another

1000 pallet assembly built of multiple pallet modules 20, 30 nested within and interlocked with one another

L1 length (and width) of unit-size pallet module 10, 40 resp. 10 * (“unit length”)

L2 length (and width) of pallet module 20

L3 length of pallet module 30

W3 width of pallet module 30