NA YOUNG SU (KR)
NA YOUNG SU (KR)
| WO2004086878A2 | 2004-10-14 |
| US6426201B1 | 2002-07-30 | |||
| KR19990028675A | 1999-04-15 | |||
| KR20040059418A | 2004-07-05 | |||
| US5705216A | 1998-01-06 | |||
| KR20060005771A | 2006-01-18 |
[CLAIMS] [Claim 1]
Barley milk, which is produced from dairy cows fed with prototype bailed silage made from whole-crop barley at an amount of 30 to 50 wt% of daily feeds.
[Claim 2]
Barley milk, which is prepared by adding milk produced from dairy cows fed with prototype bailed silage made from whole-crop barley at an amount of 30 to 50 wt% of daily feeds with β-glucan extracted from husked (clean) barley grains at an amount of 2 to 4 part by weight to the milk. |
[DESCRIPTION] [Invention Title]
BARLEY MILK CONTAINING BETA-GLUCAN
[Technical Field] The present invention relates to barley milk containing beta-glucan, more specifically to functional barley milk that is prepared by making whole- crop barley (silage barley) into prototype bailed silage and adding β-glucan extracted from domestic husked (clean) barley grains at an amount of 2 to 4 part by weight to the milk produced from cows fed with the bailed silage at an amount of 30 to 50 wt% of their daily feeds.
[Background Art]
Adult onset of constipation, obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, colorectal cancer and the like is closely related to intake of dietary fiber. Especially, water-soluble dietary fiber is known to help lower blood cholesterol.
Barley and oat are classic examples that contain a lot of water-soluble dietary fiber called β-glucan.
Among them, barley contains 50 times more β-glucan than rice and about 7 times more β-glucan than wheat. A number of researches have been reported that an intake of barley not only inhibits cholesterol biosynthesis in liver but also suppresses storage of cholesterol by adsorbing and excreting saturated fatty acids contained in a diet. For this reason, barley has been spotlighted as an effective food for preventing adjust diseases such as chronic constipation or obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, and colorectal cancer, which have been steadily increased because of a westernized diet.
Meanwhile, more than about 60% of cattle feeds are imported from foreign countries, and 98% of concentrated feed stuff and more than 650, 000
tons of roughages are being imported. As the case stands, promotion of a basis for production and self-sufficiency in cattle feeds and technical development therefor has been a silent issue nationwide. In connection with this, barley has drawn lot of interests because it is rich in protein, water-soluble dietary fiber, and all kinds of vitamins and minerals.
Nutrient value of barley per unit weight is very high as it contains
14.58% crude protein (CP), 27.21% acid detergent fiber (ADF), 44.47% neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and 67.4% total digestible nutrients (TDN). Thus, if barley can be used for cattle feeds, it will become a big help to the financially deteriorating national farm income of barley-growing areas.
[Disclosure] [Technical Problem]
Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems and it is, therefore, an object of the invention to provide barley milk with enhanced functions, in which the barley milk is prepared by adding β- glucan extracted from husked (clean) barley grains to the milk produced from dairy cows that had a total mixed ration (TMR) with whole-crop barley as a main ingredient. To this end, whole grain was harvested from dough (ripe) stage to yellow ripe stage and went through mowing (or cutting), raking, prototype bailing and wrapping processes to be made into prototype bailed silage. About 35 to 40 days later, the silage was fed to Holstein cows by 30 to 50 wt% of daily feeds and milk was produced from the cows. Then, inventors analyzed and compared the sample with a control produced from cows that were fed with commercial formula feeds in terms of milk yield, milk fat yield, milk protein yield, lactose yield, fat-free dry milk yield, somatic cell count, fatty acids
in milk, and amino acid composition, and confirmed superiority of the inventive barley milk. Then, the inventors completed the preparation of functional barley milk by making whole-crop barley into prototype bailed silage and adding β-glucan extracted from barley grains to the milk produced from cows that had the bailed silage in their daily feeds at an amount of 2 to 4 part by weight to the milk. Through a sensory test on commercial milk as a control, the inventors reconfirmed the superiority of the functional barley milk.
[Technical Solution] In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, there is provided functional barley milk containing β-glucan extracted from barley.
To prepare such a functional barley milk of the invention, whole grain is first harvested from dough (ripe) stage to yellow ripe stage and is subject to cutting, raking, prototype bailing and wrapping processes to be made into prototype bailed silage. About 35 to 40 days later, the silage is fed to Holstein cows at an amount of 30 to 50 wt% of daily feeds and milk is produced from them. Then, β-glucan extracted from husked (clean) barley grains is added at an amount of 2 to 4 part by weight to the milk.
At this time, whole grain can be made into prototype bailed silage by a conventionally used method which the invention pertains to. For instance, hulled barley and naked barley cultivated in a paddy field are mowed around May when the barley turns to yellow (dough stage to yellow ripe stage, water content is about 60%) and then raked. Next, a bailing process (prototype bailing operation) is carried out under a maximum pressure of a prototype bailer while decreasing the operating speed of the farm working machinery, to thereby obtain prototype bailed silage of 400 to 700kg. Lastly, the silage is wrapped with 4 to 6 layers of vinyl to overlap 50% of it.
The whole-crop barley thusly made into prototype bailed silage is fed to dairy cows about 35 to 40 days after its preparation at an amount of 30 to 50 wt% by weight of the daily feed of a cow. Preferably, 40 to 45 wt% of the silage is mixed with commercial formula feeds and fed to dairy cows. β-glucan can be extracted from barley by any of conventionally used methods which the invention pertains to, such as, a separation method, a solvent extraction method, an enzyme-catalyzed method, an FLA method and the like. For example, husked (clean) barley grains are ground to 50 to 65 mesh size and powdered. The powdered barley is then treated with a β- glucan extraction enzyme and centrifuged to extract β-glucan only.
Thusly obtained β-glucan extract from husked (clean) barley grains is added by 2 to 4 part by weight, preferably 3 parts by weight, to the milk produced from Holstein cows that had the prototype bailed silage at an amount of 30 to 50 wt% of their daily feeds. Compared with a control provided with a commercial formula feed, the inventive sample provided with a TMR consisting of whole grain as a main ingredient exhibited an increase in milk yield by 13.0%, milk protein yield by 10.0%, milk fat yield by 4.5%, lactose yield by 14.7%, fat-free dry milk yield by 23.8%, and somatic cell count by 3.9%. For amino acid composition of milk, the inventive sample was superior to the control both in the non-essential amino acid content and the essential amino acid content.
In particular, the present invention provides functional milk that contains 2 to 4 part by weight of β-glucan, which is dietary fiber extracted from barley and thus, it is expected to have excellent effects in prevention of all kind of adult diseases such as chronic constipation or obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, and colorectal cancer and growth promotion in children and juveniles. In effect, when the inventive barley milk was put to a sensory test, it showed
better results than commercial milk (a control) in every test item including taste, flavor, color, digestibility, and overall preference.
Therefore, the functional barley milk of the present invention is a very useful invention in the food industry as it is much better than existing commercial milk in nutrients and sensory attributes.
The other objectives and advantages of the invention will be shown and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
[Advantageous Effects]
As mentioned above and will be described below, the present invention relates to barley milk using barley that is now spotlighted as a healthy food. To prepare the barley milk, whole-crop barley is made into prototype bailed silage and added β-glucan known to suppress the cholesterol level and extracted from husked (clean) barley grains by 2 to 4 part by weight to the milk produced from cows that had the bailed silage at an amount of 30 to 50 wt% of their daily feeds.
Compared with existing commercial milk and milk obtained by commercial formula feeds, the barley milk is richer in somatic cell count, fatty acids in milk, and amino acid composition, and it is expected to have excellent effects in prevention of all kind of adult diseases such as chronic constipation or obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, and colorectal cancer and growth promotion in children and juveniles.
[Best Mode]
Example 1: Feeding dairy cows with feeds containing whole-crop
barley
Whole-crop barley was made into prototype bailed silage using a conventional method, and mixed with rice straw, barley bran, and wet TMR to obtain a feed prepared according to the feed composition shown in Table 1. The feed was then provided to 14 Holstein cows. Milk yields of them were check every day, and elements in the milk were analyzed every 15 days. This experiment was conducted in Seba ranch (Seji Dairy & Beef Farmers Association of Jeollanam-do in Korea) from Oct 15, 2003 to Jan 30, 2004. As a control, commercial feeds (TMR) went through the same experimental procedure described above.
The results are shown in Table 2 below. [Table 1]
Feed Composition
[Table 2]
Effects of Whole-crop barley-Based Feeds on Cows
As can be seen in Table 2, milk yield in the whole-crop barley-based TMR of the present invention was increased by 13.0%, and 4.5 to 23.8% of an increase as a whole in milk fat, milk protein, lactose, and fat-free dry milk yields. In addition, the somatic cell count, one of important factors in milk quality, was increased in the whole-crop barley-based TMR of the present invention by 3.9%. Altogether the whole-crop barley-based TMR of the present invention had far superior milk qualities than general cattle feeds that are currently sold at the market.
Experimental Example 1: Composition of fatty acids and amino acids of milk produced from cows fed with whole-crop barley-containing feed composition
Fatty acid and amino acid compositions in the milk produced from the sample and the control were analyzed and their results are shown in Table 3 and Table 4 as follows. [Table 3]
Fatty Acid Composition
[Table 4]
Amino Acid Composition in Milk
According to the results of the comparison analysis on fatty acid and amino acid compositions in milk produced from dairy cows that ate the whole- crop barley-containing TMR of the present invention and the commercial formula feed, respectively, as to the fatty acid content in milk the whole-crop barley TMR of the present invention had a little higher saturated fatty acid content and a little lower unsaturated fatty acid than the control, but had a noticeably higher linoleic acid content having an anticarcinogen (see Table 3). Moreover, as to the amino acid content in milk the whole-crop barley TMR of the present invention had higher contents both in non-essential amino acids and essential amino acids than the control (see Table 4).
In conclusion, the results show that the milk produced from the whole- crop barley TMR of the present invention had a good quality being richer in useful elements for a human body such as linoleic acid and amino acids yet had a lower unit cost than the produced from the commercial formula feed.
[Mode for Invention]
Example 2: Preparation of Functional Barley Milk Containing β- Glucan Extracted from Barley and Sensory Test Thereon
The functional barley milk of the present invention was prepared by
mixing lkg of milk produced from Holstein cows that ate the whole-crop barley silage of the Example 1 by 45 wt% of their daily feeds and β-glucan element extracted from husked (clean) barley with an enzyme-catalyzed method by 3 part by weight with respect to the milk.
Then a total of 30 people, 10 people out of each age group from 10s to 30s, were randomly selected and asked to participate in a sensory test for testing taste, flavor, color, digestibility, and overall preference of the functional barley milk of the invention versus the commercial milk. The evaluation was conducted by scaling each of the test items from 1 to 5 points. For example, 'Excellent' was given 5 points, 'good' 4 points, 'average' 3 points, 'poor' 2 points, and 'very poor' 1 point, respectively, and the points were averaged for a final score. The test results are shown in Table 5 below. [Table 5]
Sensory Test Results
As can be seen from Table 5, the inventive functional barley milk containing β-glucan extracted from barley acquired 4.3-4.6 points in every item of taste, flavor, color, digestibility and overall preference, while the commercial milk acquired 3.2~3.6 points, which confirms that the functional barley milk of the invention is high quality milk with much better sensory attributes and digestibility.
As the functional barley milk of the invention is produced by feeding
cows with the whole-crop barley-based TMR feeds and contains the β-glucan extract from barley that is known to be highly effective for suppressing the blood cholesterol level, it is expected to have excellent effects in prevention of all kind of adult diseases such as chronic constipation or obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, and colorectal cancer and growth promotion in children and juveniles.
[Industrial Applicability]
The barley milk using barley, which has been spotlighted as a popular healthy food, is expected to be excellent in prevention of all kind of adult diseases such as chronic constipation or obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, and colorectal cancer and growth promotion in children and juveniles, so it is very useful invention in the food industry.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, additions and substitutions are possible, without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as disclosed in the accompanying claims.
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