TECHNICAL FELD

This invention is related to a bio fabric which can be potentially used in many fields, can be generally used in all fields of textile, and can be produced with bio raw material.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

There many various textile products and accessories which are obtained from the fabrics produced with the current technology.

All cloths which we use in order to fulfill our clothing requirements are produced with well-known fabrics. Recently using fabrics which are manufactured from materials obtained naturally and are in contact with the human skin is a very significant aspect. Together with the developing technology, harmful raw materials can be determined with some evidences. In this case, people feel themselves defenseless against such evidences and thus they direct their preferences to the natural and harmless ones.

In relation to this problem; when the publications from the past until now are reviewed, the following information about the plants used during manufacture process under the name of natural fabrics is seen.

Hemp

It is a textile product named as cannabis. Its harvest is performed 120-140 days after plantation. Fiber cells are in bundle form in the shell portion. The fiber production is performed by means of decaying, beating and carding processes. It is bright yellow or dark colored. In general it is used in manufacturing rope, tether, canvas, and tent canvas cloth and warp yarn of carpet. Jute

The fiber cells are found in the body of jute in bundle form. The production of jute fiber is made by decaying method. Fiber bundles are removed by means of peeling off from the body at the end of decaying. The light yellow fibers turn to light brown in time, when it is first obtained. It has low flexibility. Its durability is lower. Mostly jute fiber is used for the production of linen bags, rope, string and quilt fabrics. Ramie

The fiber cells are found as bundles just beneath the shell portion in the body of ramie plant. When the leaves of the plants start to go yellow, their harvest is performed. When ramie plant is still fresh, its shell portions are peeled off by means of a knife and cleaned in a manual manner or by means of machines. Decaying process is applied in order to remove the adhesive material thereon.

The degumming process is performed by means of chemical substances or microorganisms. The fibers become more available for spinning by means of softening. It is used for manufacturing various local clothing, furnishing fabrics, string and rope.

Bamboo

Bamboo is the 21 ^st century fiber. The bamboo canes which are gathered from the bamboo forests of the Far East are prepared as a paste, and then separated into fibers. The natural, soft and cool effect given by the bamboo fiber cannot be obtained by means of any other cellulosic fiber. These characteristics thereof lead to the comparison of bamboo fiber with silk and cashmere. The usage areas of the bamboo fibers are: men, women underwear and outwear, socks, blanket, towel, medical clothing, food packages, bed sheets, bedding, curtains etc. Cotton

Products obtained from cotton fiber are used in nearly every field in our daily lives. Since its fluid absorption feature is high, it has wide usage areas such as underwear, t-shirt, sweatshirt, coat, vest, shirt, trousers etc. also home textile; drapery, furnishing, towel, bathrobe, knick knackery, table-tea table cloths etc., medical and industrial areas. For example: gauze, bandage, cotton etc.

Ceiba

Ceiba tree grows in tropical climates (India, African Countries etc.). The Ceiba fibers which are present in the capsule-formed fruit of the tree are separated from the capsules in a manual manner or by means of the machines. The seeds are separated in an easier manner from the fibers compared to the cotton. It is a yellow-colored, soft, elastic and non-durable fiber. It has a weight which is one sixth of cotton. Since it is lightweight, it is used as a filling material; bed and pillow is manufactured from thereof.

Linen

Flax plant comprises leading fibers which are obtained from the body (stem) of the plant. It is grown essentially for its seed and fiber. Flax plant n is grown in Turkey. Flowever, its quality is low. French linen is famous for its brightness and the Irish linen is famous for its whiteness.

Sisal

The sisal plant grows in a hot and humid climate. Among the fiber class obtained from the leaf, the most fiber is produced from the sisal. It has 65-72% ratio cellulose within its structure. Since there are small pores in the fiber, it has high hygroscopic feature. Its durability and salt water resistance is very high. At the same time, its flexibility is better compared to the other rough fibers. For this reason; it can be used in knitting processes, warps, coupling material in agriculture and marine field.

Manila hemp (Abaca)

It is a tropical plant which is similar to the date palm and lives during 8-20 years. In the world, 94% production thereof is in Philippines. The fibers are found in bundles within the leaf sheaths. The leaves are harvested as soon as the plants start to bear flowers. The fibrous portions are separated from the leaf sheath by means of peeling. Then it is dried under the sun. Bright and durable fibers are obtained from white to brown color. It has 63-64% ratio cellulose within its structure. Abaca fibers are used in manufacturing canvas and warp since they are durable and they have hygroscopic feature. Also coarse woven fabrics and pillow filling material are produced.

Coco

The coco fibers are obtained from the fibrous layer which covers the upper portion of the coconut fruit. It is grown in Sri Lanka, India and Pakistan. The shells of coconut are kept in rivers during 6-12 months for its production. Within this duration, the mud of the shells is removed; the adhesive material which binds the woody cells to the fibers degrades and the fibers become separable. These shells are dried and the wood is beaten by means of beetles. After this rough, long, thin and short fibers are cleaned and separated by means of making classification. Rigid but highly flexible fibers are obtained in colors from light brown to dark brown. Coco fibers after they are transformed into yarns; they are used in manufacturing bright colored coco mats, sack and warp. The rigid ones are manufactured as doormat and brush.

Banana

The pseudo body of the banana plant contains fiber yarns which can be processed into any substance from paper to kimono-class silk. The fibrous stems of this plant which is big, is carrying fruit, woven in fabrics for interior architecture and even used as paper and packaging materials, presents numerous opportunities as natural and sustainable textile and fiber material.

Additionally, except plants, the first thing that comes to mind is the silk fabric obtained from the silkworm and the cashmere obtained from the cashmere goat, they are defined as natural fabrics. The raw materials which are used in the manufacture of the natural fabrics are tried to be explained. Using exhaustible resources in production is very risky and thus it is movement which tends to affect the balance of natural life. In this invention, an alternative solution is presented. Its advantages and application process is described herein below.

In this invention, in order to obtain bio fabric: bio raw material which is developed by means of using starch-based resins obtained from the plants as an alternative to the petroleum-derived raw materials, degrades in nature during minimum 90 days and maximum 24 months and does not contain carcinogenic substances (is non-toxic) will be used. Exhaustible resources are protected and the natural balance is maintained with this raw material which is developed in laboratory environment with the starch obtained from easily cultivated plants which have sustainable characteristic. The raw material structure which will constitute the general structure of the fabric consists of the materials whose ratios are indicated below; 50% corn starch, 10% glycerin, 27% polyethylene, 13% other additive materials. There is an examined patent document on behalf of Siipernova Aksesuar Tekstil Ambalaj San. ve Tic. with application No 2012/07332 in relation to these materials. This document is related to the production of bio button and accessories and the invention subject to this description belongs to the company and the person who developed thereof. The invention which is subject to patent is based on the production principle in injection system, this invention is based on the production principle in film machines and consequently a waterproof fabric and bio imitation leather is obtained. Together with the corn starch type, wheat starch, potato starch can be used, also a newly developed starch type as Cassava (known as manihot esculanta) starch can be used. These materials will constitute the fabric structure that can be used in textile by means of fining them down in plastic film machines by passing thereof in a melted form from its granule form.

In this invention, after the raw material mixture is melted, it is transformed into granule form in the production line and thus in the plastic film machines the obtained raw material; is melted at 145 °C, it can be controlled depending on the requirement of the production line of the plastic film machine progress up to 230 °C according to the viscosity and production speed. The temperature range can be changed within the abovementioned range until the bio fabric smoothness obtained from the plastic film machine is made appropriate for the serial production. The most ideal operation range in relation with manufacturing bio fabric is between 145 °C - 230 °C. In order to change the natural color that occurs after the fabric is obtained in this invention, dye addition can be made either during raw material process or after the fabric is obtained. The natural dyes (such as madders, vegetable dyes obtained from flowers, leaves, fruit pulps) and others; dye types which are biodegradable can be used. At the same time odorizing can be made. Lavender scent, vanilla scent and similar scents can be used for relaxation.

In this invention, pattern application can be performed in any manner and form by laser cutting, digital printing, and line engraving. Bio beads, bio spangles and similar accessories can be stitched and attached thereon. In this manner, decorative strips can be obtained with determined sizes.

In this invention, obtained fabric can not only be used alone but also be used as a liner to another fabric type or as a layer on the fabric. It can be combined with another fabric or material for obtaining combination to be used in any textile product by means of lamination, ultrasonic welding, sewing manually or by machines, bonding etc. ways. An environmentally friendly alternative is provided against carcinogenic materials which are petroleum derivative and do not disappear in nature by its current natural structure for each material/cloth to be applied.

It can give waterproof characteristic to any kind of fabric together with this invention since its pore structure is very dense. In case the fabric obtained by means of integrating/combining with any kind of fabric or similar material via lamination is used for the purpose of waterproofing, then it has the capacity to obtain products such as ten, umbrella, raincoat, coat and boot etc.

This invention aims to obtain laminated waterproof bi fabric by means of laminating desired fabric types by the lamination machine by using heat means when its heat is thereon immediately after it is pulled from the plastic film machine during bio fabric production. This operation can be performed with all natural fabrics. Together with the present invention, synthetic leather outlook can be obtained and ridges, hole, bark and similar outlooks on the surface can be made by means of engraving partially or completely. It can be used in all areas (footwear, gloves, covering materials, label, belt etc.) where leather and artificial leather can be used because this invention can be pulled from the plastic film machines with required thickness. The film is laminated on the fabric which will serve as a liner during the production, the product can be obtained. Accordingly, alternative bio artificial leather is provided against the synthetic leathers with carcinogenic effect which are produced from petroleum-derived raw materials. Owing to this invention, animals will not be killed for the need of leather, harmless products to human health during skin contact which is non-toxic and breathable with its anti-static structure.

This invention can be produced as a textile product which is manufacture with a single layer in desired thinness and thickness or as a belonging for use. In addition to this, as mentioned above, it may consist of one or more layers. The bio fabric is used and stored in rolls by means of producing thereof with desired thickness. It can be combined by means of abovementioned various ways and methods totally and/or partially with any kind of fabric. The bio fabric can be manufactured up to the required thickness in this invention provided that it is at least 0.004 mm. Accordingly the bio synthetic leather can be obtained by means of cutting obtained thick bio plates in required dimensions after the required surface processes (engraving, laser or digital printing etc. These films can be laminated with other fabrics (by means of heat or harmless natural bonding agents). The umbrella, raincoat, boots, shoes and other products which are required to be waterproof can be produced in this manner, thus no is harm given to the nature and human. By this means, livestock leather will not be requires and other carcinogenic products which do not degrade in nature will not be required. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Said invention consists of a bio fabric which can be pulled from plastic film machines as granule raw material having a formulation of 50% corn/wheat/cassava starch, 10% glycerin, 27% polyethylene, 13% other additive materials between 145 °C - 230 °C temperature range in a manner such that control and intervention can be made, provided that it is not less than 0,004 mm, with desired thickness, color, odor, pattern structure, on which spangle, bead, button etc. materials can be sewed, bonded, scent can be added, can have a structure with one or a plurality of layer can be combined by means of the ultrasonic welding, sewing, bonding method, on which ridges, hole image, bark, synthetic leather appearance and similar surface images can be processed by means of the engraving, new fabrics can be obtained by means of being combined completely or partially with the lamination method, is produced from natural biological raw material, has waterproof feature by means of being combined with different fabrics, has any kind of appearance, color etc. various aesthetic studies thereon and is developed to be used in any kind of textile products, furniture, belongings. In said bio fabric, corn/wheat/cassava/potato starch, glycerin, polyethylene, additive substances can be used as raw material.

In said bio fabric, bio granule raw material can be transformed into fabric by thinning thereof in plastic film machines in a manner such that it is controlled and intervened between 145 °C - 230 °C.

In said bio fabric, there is a structure which is not less than 0,004 mm, has desired thickness, color, scent, pattern, on which spangle, bead, button etc. can be sewed, bonded, scent can be added.

In said bio fabric, a structure with one or a plurality of layer can be combined by means of the ultrasonic welding, sewing, bonding method. In said bio fabric, ridges, hole image, bark, synthetic leather appearance and similar surface images can be processed by means of the engraving, digital printing (colored pattern and figures) can be made, branding can be made by laser, pattern can be drawn and laser cutting can be performed.

Said bio fabric has a waterproof feature by means of being combined completely or partially with any kind of fabric with the lamination method.

In said bio fabric, new fabrics can be obtained by means of being combined completely or partially with the lamination method.

Said bio fabric can be used in all textile products, furniture and commodities.