INTERFERENCE

BACKGROUND:

Field:

[0001] Various communication systems may benefit from improved management of burst interferences.

Description of the Related Art:

[0002] In 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release (Rel)-15, transport block size (TBS) may be determined based on a variety of factors, including available resources, modulation and coding scheme (MCS), number of multiple-input multiple- output (MIMO) layers, and other parameters configured over high layer signalling. Aside from TBS, channel coding chains may follow a predetermined procedure independent of how resource allocation is performed in the frequency domain and time domains. For example, a large frequency domain allocation with a small time domain allocation may have the same TBS, while a large time domain allocation may be used with a small frequency domain allocation, similar to the TBS determination as described in 3GPP technical specification (TS) 38.214, section 5.1.3, and channel coding chain, as described in 3GPP TS 38.212.

[0003] With respect to ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC) services in new radio (NR), more latency-critical traffic may be supported for certain UEs with faster ACK/NACK response times. However, some UEs may still transmit acknowledgements (ACKs)/non-acknowledgements (NACKs) after extended time periods due to limited processing capability and/or a lack of uplink (UL) resources for ACK/NACK feedback. When these different types of services and capable user equipment (UE) coexist in a network, the use of different slot formats may be required and hinder interference handling.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS:

[0004] For proper understanding of this disclosure, reference should be made to the accompanying drawings, wherein: [0005] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of components for physical layer processing according to certain embodiments.

[0006] FIG. 2 illustrates an example of cross-link interference between user equipment according to certain embodiments.

[0007] FIG. 3 illustrates another example of cross-link interference between user equipment according to certain embodiments.

[0008] FIG. 4 illustrates an example of interference between mobile broadband and URLLC operations according to certain embodiments.

[0009] FIG. 5 illustrates an example of resource allocation according to certain embodiments.

[0010] FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a coded block circular buffer according to certain embodiments.

[0011] FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a read/write operation of two regions of the same coded block according to certain embodiments.

[0012] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a code concatenation of coded blocks according to certain embodiments.

[0013] FIG. 9 illustrates an example of a method performed by a user equipment according to certain embodiments.

[0014] FIG. 10 illustrates an example of a method performed by a network entity according to certain embodiments.

[0015] FIG. 11 illustrates an example of a system according to certain embodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION:

[0016] 3GPP radio access network (RAN)l describes cross-link interference (CLI) handling and remote interference management (RIM) for NR based upon coordination between network entities. For example, in RANI #AH1901 (Chairman’s notes, RAN WG1 Ad hoc 1901 meeting, January 2019), indications of time-domain resources may be exchanged for inter-next generation evolved node B (gNB) exchanges of intended UL/DL configurations. The direction of time resources may be designated as at least one intended downlink (DL) slot/symbol or at least one intended UL slot/symbol. The remaining region which is not indicated as DL or UL may be interpreted as unused or flexible. The indicated configuration may be assumed to be valid until a new configuration is received, and the information exchange may not require specific behavior at the receiving and/or transmitting gNB. UL/DL configuration and time domain resources indications may be exchanged between gNBs, but it remains undetermined how a gNB may use this information.

[0017] FIG. 1 illustrates a current procedure related to ACK/NACK processing, where response times of ACK/NACK have the disadvantage of varying greatly between different UEs, making it difficult to align UL and DL feedback resources across different cells. As a result, the failure to align UL/DL configurations properly may generate significant CLI between UEs. Furthermore, unequal interferences experienced at different parts of the resource allocation may cause TB decoding failure. For example, with a UE in a first cell associated with demanding downlink eMBB, and a UE in a second cell associated with URLLC, the use of different slot formats may be required, which may result in significant CLI at the UE in the first cell when still in DL, while the UE in the second cell may attempt to transmit the ACK/NACK feedback in UL, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. Furthermore, not all resource blocks may experience the same level of CLI at the receiver side, and, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, UE2 may experience severe CLI when UE1 initiates PUCCH transmission.

[0018] FIG. 4 illustrates a frame structure name of self-contained sub-frames according to 3GPP. Specifically, when a UE in a neighboring cell (or operating on a different operator) uses a different frame structure, the distribution of CLI differs for some last symbols of the sub-frame, resulting in those symbols experiencing the most CLI for a regular slot without UL allocation.

[0019] Flexibility in resource mapping and rate matching (resource allocation level) in 3GPP Rel-15 may address some effects of CLI. For example, Rel-15 may allow both RB level and resource element (RE) level rate matching, and/or may be used at different gNBs to avoid data transmissions in the impacted resource allocations. However, rate matching typically only improves the resource utilization by mapping data symbols around REs/RBs associated with transmitted reference signals (RS). Assuming a similar rate matching mechanism is used to address the CLI illustrated in FIG. 2, the last OFDM symbols for physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) for UE2 may not be allocated or rate-matched, leaving those resources unaffected by the PUCCH transmission of UE1. However, such a technique has the disadvantage of limiting the use of full resources at one cell, while also hindering the overall performance in a similar way as having CLI.

[0020] Another technique for reducing CLI may relate to code block group (CBG)- based ACK/NACK feedback. While this may allow retransmission of the failed CBGs with a much lower resource utilization than a full TB retransmission, if the CLI persists, CBG-based retransmissions may be inefficient since this is merely a retransmission overhead reduction technique.

[0021] Certain embodiments described herein may have various benefits and/or advantages to overcome the disadvantages described above by optimizing UE processing time for URLLC UE with self-contained sub-frames to reduce UL/DL interference. Furthermore, some embodiments provide an extension of Rel-15 for rate matching without significantly changing any bits allocated for each coded block. In addition, some embodiments of the TBS determination process described below may improve spectral efficiency at the UE by utilizing a first modulation order in unaffected regions, and a second modulation order in affected regions.

[0022] Moreover, some embodiments described herein may provide backwards- compatibility with Rel-15 due to their low complexity and lack of requiring hardware changes. Thus, a network may work with a variety of different services more efficiently when both URLLC and mobile broadband type operations are present either in the same network or, alternatively, between operators, where all devices may not support identical frame structures requiring rapid decoding of URLLC services. Thus, certain embodiments are directed to improvements in computer-related technology.

[0023] Some embodiments described below use different modulation orders across different regions of the resource allocation. In order to apply these different modulation orders, improved techniques in the TBS determination, rate matching, bit interleaving, and/or code block concatenation procedures may be used, as discussed below.

[0024] FIG. 9 illustrates an example of a method performed by a user equipment, such as user equipment 1110, as illustrated in FIG. 11, according to certain embodiments.

[0025] In step 901, the user equipment may receive a first modulation order and a first resource allocation information. In some embodiments, a first modulation order may be associated with a first resource allocation region of a complete resource allocation, and furthermore, the first resource allocation region may be associated with a unique modulation order. In certain embodiments, the first modulation order may be indicated in a MCS field in downlink control information (DCI).

[0026] In step 903, the user equipment may determine a second modulation order and a second resource allocation information. In some embodiments, the second modulation order may be associated with a second resource allocation region, which may be the region of the complete resource allocation which is not associated with the first resource allocation region. In various embodiments, the second resource allocation region may be associated with a unique modulation order. In certain embodiments, the second modulation order may be derived based on at least one of higher layer signaling or dynamic indication. Additionally or alternatively, the first modulation order and the second modulation order may use an identical target coding rate.

[0027] In step 905, the user equipment may determine a first portion of an intermediate number of information bits based on at least one of the first modulation order or the first resource allocation information, and a second portion of the intermediate number of information bits based on at least one of the second modulation order or the second resource allocation information.

[0028] In step 907, the user equipment may determine at least one transport block size based on at least two portions of the intermediate number of information bits.

[0029] In certain embodiments, the user equipment may determine a number of resource elements (NRE) within a single slot, and/or may determine a number of additional REs according to resources affected by CLI (NRE _, cr _oss ). Some embodiments may use multi-transmission receive point (TRP) transmissions or other schemes where the same transport block is transmitted over different transmission points in non overlapping resources or with different spatial layers with different modulation orders or MCS. For example, in a multi-TRP scenario, the number of additional resources affected by CLI may correspond with the resources used by the different TRP.

[0030] In various embodiments, the user equipment may determine at least one number of resource elements allocated for PDSCH within at least one PRB, such as

NRE, according to is the number of

subcarriers in a PRB, is the number of symbols of the PDSCH allocation within the slot, and is the number of REs for demodulation reference signal (DM-RS) per PRB in the scheduled duration including the overhead of the DM-RS code domain modulation (CDM) groups without data. This may be indicated by DCI format 1_1, or as otherwise described for format 1_0 according to 3GPP TS 38.214, subclause 5.1.6.2.

Furthermore, may be associated with overhead configured by higher layer parameter xOverhead in PDSCH-ServingCellConfig. Where xOverhead in PDSCH-

ServingCellConfig is not configured, such as being a value from 0, 6, 12, or 18,

may be set to 0. In addition, if the PDSCH is scheduled by PDCCH with a CRC scrambled by at least one system information radio network temporary identifier (SI- RNTI), at least one radio access radio network temporary identifier (RA-RNTI), and/or at least one paging radio network temporary identifier (P-RNTI), may be

assumed to be 0.

[0031] In some embodiments, the user equipment may determine the total number of

REs allocated for PDSCH ( N _RE ) according to where npm

may be the total number of allocated PRBs for the user equipment.

[0032] In some embodiments, the determination of the at least one TBS may comprise at least one resource element used for data transmission in at least one of the at least two resource allocation regions. For example, the determination of the at least one TBS may comprise determining a second resource allocation which may be derived from at least one higher layer configured time/frequency resource allocation. Specifically, the user equipment may determine the number of REs which have been interfered with CLI and allocated for PDSCH based on higher layer configured time/frequency resource allocation, which may be denoted as and . For example, = may be the impacted symbols of the

PDSCH allocation within a slot (higher layer configuration). Furthermore, = may be the number of PRBs for the user

equipment (higher layer configuration) which have experienced CLI. Alternatively, the determination of the at least one TBS size may be based upon at least one dynamic indication and/or at least one predefined (or higher layer) parameter. For example, RRC may be used to define the impacted regions, where each region may correspond with a value to be used in the TBS determination. Although any number may be used, assuming 8 different predefined values for (corresponding to eight different CLI

regions defined over RRC), dynamic signalling may trigger one value to be used in the TBS determination, where each predefined region may be based upon the TBS indication in the modulation/resource mapping.

[0033] In some embodiments, an intermediate number of information bits, , may be calculated as , where Q _m is a

modulation order of unaffected regions, is an additional modulation order, R is a

target coding rate, and v is a number of MIMO layers. Additionally or alternatively, the second resource allocation may be derived from at least one dynamic indication and/or at least one preconfigured parameter. For example, the at least one preconfigured parameter may be configured by at least one higher layer parameter, where at least one resource allocation may be selected from at least one of a plurality of CLI hypotheses, which may be indicated in DCI. Furthermore, the determination of the first resource allocation may be based upon the second resource allocation and/or may be indicated in at least one resource allocation field of the DCI.

[0034] In some embodiments, different PDSCH regions may use different modulation orders; for example, FIG. 5 illustrates PDSCH region 1 and PDSCH region 2 using different modulation orders, where PDSCH region 2 may use one-step-lower modulation order when the CLI affects PDSCH region 2. Furthermore, different modulation orders may be associated with different target coding rates. For example, MCS may be associated with different regions of the complete resource allocation and/or may be associated with a different TBS determination procedure which maintains the same base graph configured for encoding and decoding. In various embodiments, more than two regions may be associated with PDSCH, where the determination steps described above may be performed for each PDSCH.

[0035] In step 909, the user equipment may determine at least two rate matching output sequence lengths of at least one coded block, where the first rate matching output sequence length may be determined based on transmission parameters of the first resource allocation region, and the second rate matching output sequence length may be determined based on transmission parameters of the second resource allocation region, which may be based upon two different resource allocation regions having their own modulation order. In some embodiments, the at least two rate matching output sequence lengths of the at least one coded block may comprise at least two parts, wherein the first part is determined based on at least one available bit in the first resource allocation region of the at least two resource allocation regions, and the second part is determined based on at least one available bit in the second resource allocation region of the at least two resource allocation regions. Additionally or alternatively, at least one of the first part or the second part may be configured to avoid requiring padding bits after step 909 by ensuring that the total bits of coded blocks are equal to the available bits in resource allocation.

[0036] In some embodiments, the transmission parameters of a resource allocation region may be associated with at least one of modulation order, a number of MIMO layers, and a number of resource elements in the resource allocation region. Additionally or alternatively, the user equipment may select at least two parts of the coded block based on the determined rate matching output sequence lengths. Furthermore,

[0037] FIG. 6 illustrates a circular buffer and two parts of the rate matched output.

As shown with coded blocks 1 through C, allocation of the bits for each coded block may have two components: a first component determined from region 1, and a second component determined from region 2. As a result, an extension of Rel-15 may be enabled for rate matching without significantly changing the bits allocated for each coded block. As noted above, the TBS determination may provide a TBS between a large TB (assuming Q _m for full allocation) and a small TB (assuming Q _m and scheduling in an unaffected resource region). As those examples result in spectral inefficiency due to TB errors and/or a lack of resource allocation, the techniques described herein may provide improved spectral efficiency at the user equipment by utilizing a first modulation order in the unaffected resource regions, and a second modulation order in the affected resource regions.

[0038] In some embodiments, the at least two rate matching output sequence lengths of the at least one coded block may be denoted by E _r for the i ^j!t coded block. Where j = 0 for r = 0 to C - 1, E _r may be calculated as:

if the E ^h coded block is not scheduled for transmission as indicated by code block group transmission information (CBGTI) according to TS 38.214, subclause 5.1.7.2 for DL- SCH, and TS 38.214, subclause 6.1.5.2 for UL-SCH:

Else

if G ^I = 0

Else

end if

else

else

end if

j = j + 1 ·

t = t + 1;

end if

end for

[0039] where may be the number of transmission layers that the transport block is mapped onto, may be the modulation order, may be the differential modulation

order, may be the total number of coded bits available with modulation order Q _m for transmission of the transport block, G ^I may be the total number of coded bits available with modulation order Qm for transmission of the transport block, C’= C if CBGTI is not present in the DCI scheduling the transport block, and C’ may be the number of scheduled code blocks of the transport block if CBGTI is present in the DCI scheduling the transport block.

[0040] In step 911, the user equipment may perform at least one interleaver operation. In some embodiments, different parts of the same coded block may use different dimensions for the bit interleaver. As illustrated in FIG. 7, the number of rows used by the rectangular interleaver for the first part may depend on the first modulation order. Similarly, the number of rows used for the rectangular interleaver for the second part may depend on the second modulation order. In various embodiments, at least two different dimensions may be used for the bit interleaver, and separate bit interleaving (or de-interleaving) may be applied on the first part and/or the second part of the coded block.

[0041] In some embodiments, the at least one bit sequence may be

interleaved to bit sequence _; according to:

for

end for

end for

[0042] where the value of is the modulation order. When G

^I > 0 (multi- modulation PDSCH mapping), the above procedure may be applied separately for with modulation order Q _m , and for with modulation order

[0043] In step 913, the user equipment may concatenate the at least two rate matching output sequence lengths of the at least one coded block. In certain embodiments, based on the at least one rate matched sequence (output of the bit-interleaver), the first parts of the at least two rate matching output sequence lengths of the at least one coded block may be concatenated first, and the second parts of the at least two rate matching output sequence lengths of the at least one coded block may then be concatenated. FIG. 8 illustrates an example of two different types of bits for the same coded block which are not concatenated together when the number of CB in the TB is exceeded by one. In various embodiments, a modulation mapper may use at least one different mapping for two different regions of the concatenated bits. Symbols may be mapped to resource region 1 first, while any remaining bits may be mapped to region 2.

[0044] In some embodiments, the rate matching, such as the bit selection procedure, may be adjusted so that the second part of the at least two rate matching output sequence lengths of different coded blocks may have an unequal splitting such that impacted codes are blocked due to the CLI having a larger number of parity bits than the unaffected coded blocks. For example, for coded blocks 1 to C, where CLI affects the last symbols of the resource allocation, for example, where coded block C experiences higher CLI than coded block 1, more bits may be allocated to the last coded block. In another example, the output sequence length for 1 to C to coded block sizes may be derived from region 1. Additional or alternatively, additional bits for N/2 to N coded blocks may be derived from region 2.

[0045] In some embodiments, the input bit sequence for the code block concatenation block may be the sequences is the number of rate matched bits for the r ^th code block. The output bit sequence from the code block concatenation block may be the sequence for _{The code} block concatenation may consist of sequentially concatenating the rate matching outputs for the different code blocks. For example,

while

set

while

end while

r r + 1

end while

set k = G— G ^I — 1 and r = 0

while r < C

set j = E _r —

while j < E _r

9 _k = frj

k = k + 1

7 = 7 + 1

end while

r = r + 1 end while

[0046] In step 915, the user equipment may transmit at least one resource block with the at one transport block size to at least a communication device, such as user equipment 1110 or network entity 1120, as illustrated in FIG. 11, according to certain embodiments. The at least one transmitted RB may be associated with the at least two rate matching output sequence lengths of the at least one coded block.

[0047] FIG. 10 illustrates an example of a method performed by a network entity, such as network entity 1110, as illustrated in FIG. 11, according to certain embodiments.

[0048] In step 1001, the network entity may determine, based on a first modulation order and a first resource allocation information, a second modulation order and a second resource allocation information. In some embodiments, a first modulation order may be associated with a first resource allocation region of a complete resource allocation, and furthermore, the first resource allocation region may be associated with a unique modulation order. In certain embodiments, the first modulation order may be indicated in a MCS field in downlink control information (DCI). In some embodiments, the second modulation order may be associated with a second resource allocation region, which may be the region of the complete resource allocation which is not associated with the first resource allocation region. In various embodiments, the second resource allocation region may be associated with a unique modulation order. In certain embodiments, the second modulation order may be derived based on at least one of higher layer signaling or dynamic indication. Additionally or alternatively, the first modulation order and the second modulation order may use an identical target coding rate.

[0049] In step 1003, the network entity may determine a first portion of an intermediate number of information bits based on at least one of the first modulation order or the first resource allocation information, and a second portion of the intermediate number of information bits based on at least one of the second modulation order or the second resource allocation information.

[0050] In step 1005, the network entity may determine at least one transport block size based on at least two portions of the intermediate number of information bits.

[0051] In certain embodiments, the network entity may determine a number of resource elements (NRE) within a single slot, and/or may determine a number of additional REs according to resources affected by CLI (N _{RE, cross} )· Some embodiments may use multi-transmission receive point (TRP) transmissions or other schemes where the same transport block is transmitted over different transmission points in non overlapping resources or with different spatial layers with different modulation orders or MCS. For example, in a multi-TRP scenario, the number of additional resources affected by CLI may correspond with the resources used by the different TRP.

[0052] In various embodiments, the network entity may determine at least one number of resource elements allocated for PDSCH within at least one PRB, such as NRE, according to is the number of

subcamers in a PRB, is the number of symbols of the PDSCH allocation within the slot, and is the number of REs for demodulation reference signal (DM-RS)

per PRB in the scheduled duration including the overhead of the DM-RS code domain modulation (CDM) groups without data. This may be indicated by DCI format 1_1, or as otherwise described for format 1_0 according to 3GPP TS 38.214, subclause 5.1.6.2.

Furthermore, may be associated with overhead configured by higher layer

parameter xOverhead in PDSCH-ServingCellConfig. Where xOverhead in PDSCH-

ServingCellConfig is not configured, such as being a value from 0, 6, 12, or 18, may be set to 0. In addition, if the PDSCH is scheduled by PDCCH with a CRC scrambled by at least one system information radio network temporary identifier (ST RNTI), at least one radio access radio network temporary identifier (RA-RNTI), and/or at least one paging radio network temporary identifier (P-RNTI), may be assumed to be 0.

[0053] In some embodiments, the network entity may determine the total number of

REs allocated for PDSCH (N _RE ) according to

may be the total number of allocated PRBs for the network entity.

[0054] In some embodiments, the determination of the at least one TBS may comprise at least one resource element used for data transmission in at least one of the at least two resource allocation regions. For example, the determination of the at least one TBS may comprise determining a second resource allocation which may be derived from at least one higher layer configured time/frequency resource allocation. Specifically, the network entity may determine the number of REs which have been interfered with CLI and allocated for PDSCH (N _RE ) based on higher layer configured time/frequency resource allocation, which may be denoted as and . For example,

, where may be the impacted symbols of the

PDSCH allocation within a slot (higher layer configuration). Furthermore,

may be the number of PRBs for the network entity

(higher layer configuration) which have experienced CFI. Alternatively, the determination of the at least one TBS size may be based upon at least one dynamic indication and/or at least one predefined (or higher layer) parameter. For example, RRC may be used to define the impacted regions, where each region may correspond with a value to be used in the TBS determination. Although any number may be used, assuming 8 different predefined values for N _RE (corresponding to eight different CFI regions defined over RRC), dynamic signalling may trigger one value to be used in the TBS determination, where each predefined region may be based upon the TBS indication in the modulation/resource mapping.

[0055] In some embodiments, an intermediate number of information bits, N _info , may be calculated as , where Q _m is a

modulation order of unaffected regions, is an additional modulation order, R is a target coding rate, and v is a number of MIMO layers. Additionally or alternatively, the second resource allocation may be derived from at least one dynamic indication and/or at least one preconfigured parameter. For example, the at least one preconfigured parameter may be configured by at least one higher layer parameter, where at least one resource allocation may be selected from at least one of a plurality of CFI hypotheses, which may be indicated in DCI. Furthermore, the determination of the first resource allocation may be based upon the second resource allocation and/or may be indicated in at least one resource allocation field of the DCI.

[0056] In some embodiments, different PDSCH regions may use different modulation orders; for example, FIG. 5 illustrates PDSCH region 1 and PDSCH region 2 using different modulation orders, where PDSCH region 2 may use one-step-lower modulation order when the CFI affects PDSCH region 2. Furthermore, different modulation orders may be associated with different target coding rates. For example, MCS may be associated with different regions of the complete resource allocation and/or may be associated with a different TBS determination procedure which maintains the same base graph configured for encoding and decoding. In various embodiments, more than two regions may be associated with PDSCH, where the determination steps described above may be performed for each PDSCH.

[0057] In step 1007, the network entity may determine at least two rate matching output sequence lengths of at least one coded block, where the first rate matching output sequence length may be determined based on transmission parameters of the first resource allocation region, and the second rate matching output sequence length may be determined based on transmission parameters of the second resource allocation region, which may be based upon two different resource allocation regions having their own modulation order. In some embodiments, the at least two rate matching output sequence lengths of the at least one coded block may comprise at least two parts, wherein the first part is determined based on at least one available bit in the first resource allocation region of the at least two resource allocation regions, and the second part is determined based on at least one available bit in the second resource allocation region of the at least two resource allocation regions. Additionally or alternatively, at least one of the first part or the second part may be configured to avoid requiring padding bits after step 1009 by ensuring that the total bits of coded blocks are equal to the available bits in resource allocation.

[0058] In some embodiments, the transmission parameters of a resource allocation region may be associated with at least one of modulation order, a number of MIMO layers, and a number of resource elements in the resource allocation region. Additionally or alternatively, the network entity may select at least two parts of the coded block based on the determined rate matching output sequence lengths. Furthermore,

[0059] FIG. 6 illustrates a circular buffer and two parts of the rate matched output.

As shown with coded blocks 1 through C, allocation of the bits for each coded block may have two components: a first component determined from region 1, and a second component determined from region 2. As a result, an extension of Rel-15 may be enabled for rate matching without significantly changing the bits allocated for each coded block. As noted above, the TBS determination may provide a TBS between a large TB (assuming Q _m for full allocation) and a small TB (assuming Q _m and scheduling in an unaffected resource region). As those examples result in spectral inefficiency due to TB errors and/or a lack of resource allocation, the techniques described herein may provide improved spectral efficiency at the network entity by utilizing a first modulation order in the unaffected resource regions, and a second modulation order in the affected resource regions.

[0060] In some embodiments, the at least two rate matching output sequence lengths of the at least one coded block may be denoted by E _r for the r ^th coded block. Where j = 0 for r = 0 to C - 1, E _r may be calculated as:

if the E ^h coded block is not scheduled for transmission as indicated by code block group transmission information (CBGTI) according to TS 38.214, subclause 5.1.7.2 for DL- SCH, and TS 38.214, subclause 6.1.5.2 for UL-SCH:

E _r = 0 ·

Else

if G ^I = 0

Else

end if

else

else

end if

j = j + 1

t = t + 1;

end if

end for [0061] where may be the number of transmission layers that the transport block is

mapped onto, may be the modulation order, may be the differential modulation order, ^G may be the total number of coded bits available with modulation order Q _m for transmission of the transport block, G ¹ may be the total number of coded bits available with modulation order for transmission of the transport block, C'= C if CBGTI is

not present in the DCI scheduling the transport block, and C' may be the number of scheduled code blocks of the transport block if CBGTI is present in the DCI scheduling the transport block.

[0062] In step 1009, the network entity may perform at least one interleaver operation. In some embodiments, different parts of the same coded block may use different dimensions for the bit interleaver. As illustrated in FIG. 7, the number of rows used by the rectangular interleaver for the first part may depend on the first modulation order. Similarly, the number of rows used for the rectangular interleaver for the second part may depend on the second modulation order. In various embodiments, at least two different dimensions may be used for the bit interleaver, and separate bit interleaving (or de-interleaving) may be applied on the first part and/or the second part of the coded block.

[0063] In some embodiments, the at least one bit sequence _{may be} interleaved to bit sequence according to:

for

for

end for

end for

[0064] where the value of is the modulation order. When G ^I > 0 (multi- modulation PDSCH mapping), the above procedure may be applied separately for with modulation order Q _m , and for with modulation order [0065] In step 1011, the network entity may concatenate the at least two rate matching output sequence lengths of the at least one coded block. In certain embodiments, based on the at least one rate matched sequence (output of the bit-interleaver), the first parts of the at least two rate matching output sequence lengths of the at least one coded block may be concatenated first, and the second parts of the at least two rate matching output sequence lengths of the at least one coded block may then be concatenated. FIG. 8 illustrates an example of two different types of bits for the same coded block which are not concatenated together when the number of CB in the TB is exceeded by one. In various embodiments, a modulation mapper may use at least one different mapping for two different regions of the concatenated bits. Symbols may be mapped to resource region 1 first, while any remaining bits may be mapped to region 2.

[0066] In some embodiments, the rate matching, such as the bit selection procedure, may be adjusted so that the second part of the at least two rate matching output sequence lengths of different coded blocks may have an unequal splitting such that impacted codes are blocked due to the CLI having a larger number of parity bits than the unaffected coded blocks. For example, for coded blocks 1 to C, where CLI affects the last symbols of the resource allocation, for example, where coded block C experiences higher CLI than coded block 1, more bits may be allocated to the last coded block. In another example, the output sequence length for 1 to C to coded block sizes may be derived from region 1. Additional or alternatively, additional bits for N/2 to N coded blocks may be derived from region 2.

[0067] In some embodiments, the input bit sequence for the code block concatenation block may be the sequences _{, where}

number of rate matched bits for the i ^j!t code block. The output bit sequence from the code block concatenation block may be the sequence _{The code} block concatenation may consist of sequentially concatenating the rate matching outputs for the different code blocks. For example,

set ^k = ⁰ and ^{r = 0}

while while

end while r - r + 1

end while

set k = G— G ¹ — 1 and r = 0

while r < C

set j = E _r — E{.

while j < E _r

9 k frj

k = k + 1

7 = 7 + 1

end while

r = r + 1

end while

[0068] In step 1013, the network entity may transmit or receive at least one resource block with the at one transport block size to or from at least a communication device, such as user equipment 1110 or network entity 1120, as illustrated in FIG. 11, according to certain embodiments. The at least one transmitted RB may be associated with the at least two rate matching output sequence lengths of the at least one coded block.

[0069] FIG. 11 illustrates an example of a system according to certain embodiments. In one embodiment, a system may comprise multiple devices, such as, for example, user equipment 1110 and/or network entity 1120.

[0070] User equipment 1110 may comprise one or more of a mobile device, such as a mobile phone, smart phone, personal digital assistant (PDA), tablet, or portable media player, digital camera, pocket video camera, video game console, navigation unit, such as a global positioning system (GPS) device, desktop or laptop computer, single location device, such as a sensor or smart meter, or any combination thereof.

[0071] Network entity 1120 may be one or more of a base station, such as a mmWave antenna, an evolved node B (eNB) or 5G or New Radio node B (gNB), a serving gateway, a server, and/or any other access node or combination thereof. Furthermore, network entity 1110 and/or user equipment 1120 may be one or more of a citizens broadband radio service device (CBSD).

[0072] One or more of these devices may comprise at least one processor, respectively indicated as 1111 and 1121. Processors 1111 and 1121 may be embodied by any computational or data processing device, such as a central processing unit (CPU), application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or comparable device. The processors may be implemented as a single controller, or a plurality of controllers or processors.

[0073] At least one memory may be provided in one or more of devices indicated at 1112 and 1122. The memory may be fixed or removable. The memory may comprise computer program instructions or computer code contained therein. Memories 1112 and 1122 may independently be any suitable storage device, such as a non-transitory computer-readable medium. A hard disk drive (HDD), random access memory (RAM), flash memory, or other suitable memory may be used. The memories may be combined on a single integrated circuit as the processor, or may be separate from the one or more processors. Furthermore, the computer program instructions stored in the memory and which may be processed by the processors may be any suitable form of computer program code, for example, a compiled or interpreted computer program written in any suitable programming language. Memory may be removable or non-removable.

[0074] Processors 1111 and 1121 and memories 1112 and 1122 or a subset thereof, may be configured to provide means corresponding to the various blocks of FIGS. 1- 10. Although not shown, the devices may also comprise positioning hardware, such as GPS or micro electrical mechanical system (MEMS) hardware, which may be used to determine a location of the device. Other sensors are also permitted and may be included to determine location, elevation, orientation, and so forth, such as barometers, compasses, and the like.

[0075] As shown in FIG. 11, transceivers 1113 and 1123 may be provided, and one or more devices may also comprise at least one antenna, respectively illustrated as 1114 and 1124. The device may have many antennas, such as an array of antennas configured for multiple input multiple output (MIMO) communications, or multiple antennas for multiple radio access technologies. Other configurations of these devices, for example, may be provided. Transceivers 1113 and 1123 may be a transmitter, a receiver, or both a transmitter and a receiver, or a unit or device that may be configured both for transmission and reception.

[0076] The memory and the computer program instructions may be configured, with the processor for the particular device, to cause a hardware apparatus such as user equipment to perform any of the processes described below (see, for example, FIGS. 1-10). Therefore, in certain embodiments, a non-transitory computer-readable medium may be encoded with computer instructions that, when executed in hardware, perform a process such as one of the processes described herein. Alternatively, certain embodiments may be performed entirely in hardware.

[0077] In certain embodiments, an apparatus may comprise circuitry configured to perform any of the processes or functions illustrated in FIGS. 1-10. For example, circuitry may be hardware-only circuit implementations, such as analog and/or digital circuitry. In another example, circuitry may be a combination of hardware circuits and software, such as a combination of analog and/or digital hardware circuit(s) with software or firmware, and/or any portions of hardware processor(s) with software (including digital signal processor(s)), software, and at least one memory that work together to cause an apparatus to perform various processes or functions. In yet another example, circuitry may be hardware circuit(s) and or processor(s), such as a microprocessor(s) or a portion of a microprocessor(s), that include software, such as firmware for operation. Software in circuitry may not be present when it is not needed for the operation of the hardware.

[0078] The features, structures, or characteristics of certain embodiments described throughout this specification may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. For example, the usage of the phrases“certain embodiments,”“some embodiments,” “other embodiments,” or other similar language, throughout this specification refers to the fact that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, appearance of the phrases“in certain embodiments,”“in some embodiments,”“in other embodiments,” or other similar language, throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same group of embodiments, and the described features, stmctures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0079] One having ordinary skill in the art will readily understand that certain embodiments discussed above may be practiced with steps in a different order, and/or with hardware elements in configurations which are different than those which are disclosed. Therefore, it would be apparent to those of skill in the art that certain modifications, variations, and alternative constructions would be apparent, while remaining within the spirit and scope of the invention. In order to determine the metes and bounds of the invention, therefore, reference should be made to the appended claims.

[0080] Partial Glossary

[0081] 3 GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project

[0082] ACK Acknowledgement

[0083] CDM Code Domain Modulation

[0084] CB Code Block

[0085] CBG Code Block Group

[0086] CLI Cross-link Interference

[0087] DCI Downlink Control Information

[0088] DMRS Demodulation Reference Signal

[0089] eMBB Enhanced Mobile Broadband

[0090] eNB Evolved Node B

[0091] EPC Evolved Packet Core

[0092] GC-PDCCH Group-Common Physical Downlink Control Channel

[0093] gNB Next Generation eNB

[0094] GPS Global Positioning System

[0095] LTE Long-Term Evolution

[0096] MCS Modulation and Coding Scheme

[0097] MIMO Multiple-Input Multiple- Output

[0098] MME Mobility Management Entity

[0099] MTC Machine-Type Communications

[0100] NACK N on- Acknowledgement

[0101] NR New Radio

[0102] P-RNTI Paging Radio Network Temporary Identifier

[0103] PDCCH Physical Downlink Control Channel

[0104] PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared Channel

[0105] PRB Physical Resource Block

[0106] PUSCH Physical Uplink Shared Channel [0107] RAN Radio Access Network

[0108] RA-RNTI Radio Access Radio Network Temporary Identifier

[0109] RB Resource Block

[0110] RE Resource Element

[0111] RS Reference Signal

[0112] RIM Remote Interference Management

[0113] RS Reference Signal

[0114] SI-RNTI System Information Radio Network Temporary Identifier

[0115] TB Transport Block

[0116] TBS Transport Block Size

[0117] TDD Time-Division Duplex

[0118] TS Technical Specification

[0119] UE User Equipment

[0120] URLLC Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communication

[0121] UM Unacknowledged Mode

[0122] WLAN Wireless Local Area Network

[0123] According to a first embodiment, a method may comprise receiving, by a user equipment, a first modulation order and a first resource allocation information. The method may further comprise determining, by the user equipment, a second modulation order and a second resource allocation information. The method may further comprise determining, by the user equipment, a first portion of an intermediate number of information bits based on at least one of the first modulation order or the first resource allocation information, and a second portion of the intermediate number of information bits based on at least one of the second modulation order or the second resource allocation information. The method may further comprise determining, by the user equipment, at least one transport block size based on at least two portions of the intermediate number of information bits. The at least two portions of the intermediate number of information bits may comprise the first portion of intermediate number of information bits and the second portion of intermediate number of information bits. The method may further comprise transmitting, by the user equipment, at least one resource block with the at one transport block size to at least a communication device.

[0124] In a further variant, the first modulation order of the at least two modulation orders may be associated with a first resource allocation region of at least two resource allocation regions.

[0125] In a further variant, the second modulation order of the at least two modulation orders may be associated with a second resource allocation region of at least two resource allocation regions.

[0126] In a variant, the method may further comprise determining, by the user equipment, at least two rate matching output sequence lengths of at least one coded block, wherein the first rate matching output sequence length may be determined based on transmission parameters of the first resource allocation region, and the second rate matching output sequence length may be determined based on transmission parameters of the second resource allocation region.

[0127] In a variant, the transmission parameters of a resource allocation region may be associated with at least one of modulation order, a number of MIMO layers, and a number of resource elements in the resource allocation region.

[0128] In a variant, the method may further comprise selecting, by the user equipment, at least two parts of the coded block based on the determined rate matching output sequence lengths.

[0129] In a variant, the method may further comprise performing, by the user equipment, at least one interleaver operation.

[0130] In a further variant, different parts of the same coded block comprise different dimensions for the bit interleaver.

[0131] In a further variant, bit-interleaver may be a rectangular interleaver and different dimensions may be are associated with the modulation order of the different parts of the same coded block.

[0132] In a variant, using, by the user equipment, at least two different dimensions for the bit interleaver, and applying separate bit interleaving (or deinterleaving) on the first part and the second part of the coded block.

[0133] In a variant, the method may further comprise concatenating, by the user equipment, at least one part of the at least two rate matching output sequences of at least one coded block.

[0134] In a variant, the first resource allocation region of the at least two resource allocation regions and the second resource allocation region of the at least two resource allocation regions are affected by cross-link interference.

[0135] In a further variant, the first modulation order of the at least two modulation orders may be indicated in a MCS field in downlink control information, and the second modulation order of the at least two modulation orders may be derived based on at least one of higher layer signaling or dynamic indication.

[0136] In a further variant, the first modulation order of the at least two modulation orders and the second modulation order of the at least two modulation orders use a same target coding rate.

[0137] In a further variant, the method may further comprise determining, by the user equipment, a number of resource elements within a single slot, and/or may determine a number of additional resource elements according to resources affected by cross-link interference.

[0138] In a further variant, the method may further comprise determining, by the user equipment, the total number of resource elements allocated for PDSCH.

[0139] In a further variant, the determination of the at least one TBS comprises at least one resource element used for data transmission in at least one of the at least two resource allocation regions.

[0140] In a variant, the at least two rate matching output sequence lengths of the at least one coded block may comprise at least two parts, wherein the first part may be determined based on at least one available bit in the first resource allocation region of the at least two resource allocation regions, and the second part may be determined based on at least one available bit in the second resource allocation region of the at least two resource allocation regions.

[0141] In a further variant, at least one of the first part or the second part may be configured to avoid requiring padding bits after the determining by ensuring that the total bits of coded blocks are equal to the available bits in resource allocation.

[0142] In a variant, based on the at least one rate matched sequence, the first parts of the at least two rate matching output sequence lengths of coded blocks are concatenated first, and the second parts of the at least two rate matching output sequence lengths of code blocks are then be concatenated.

[0143] In a further variant, the at least one rate matched sequence may be an output of the bit-interleaver. [0144] In a further variant, the rate matching is adjusted so that the second part of the at least two rate matching output sequence lengths of different coded blocks has an unequal splitting such that impacted codes are blocked due to the CLI having a larger number of parity bits than the unaffected coded blocks.

[0145] In a variant, the at least one transmitted resource block is associated with the at least one part of the at least two rate matching output sequence lengths of at least one coded block.

[0146] According to a second embodiment, a method may comprise determining, by a network entity, based on a first modulation order and a first resource allocation information, a second modulation order and a second resource allocation information. The method may further comprise determining, by the network entity, a first portion of an intermediate number of information bits based on at least one of the first modulation order or the first resource allocation information, and a second portion of the intermediate number of information bits based on at least one of the second modulation order or the second resource allocation information. The method may further comprise determining, by the network entity, at least one transport block size based on at least two portions of the intermediate number of information bits. The at least two portions of the intermediate number of information bits may comprise the first portion of intermediate number of information bits and the second portion of intermediate number of information bits. The method may further comprise transmitting or receiving, by the network entity, at least one resource block with the at one transport block size to or from at least a communication device.

[0147] In a further variant, the first modulation order of the at least two modulation orders may be associated with a first resource allocation region of at least two resource allocation regions.

[0148] In a further variant, the second modulation order of the at least two modulation orders may be associated with a second resource allocation region of at least two resource allocation regions.

[0149] In a variant, the method may further comprise determining, by the network entity, at least two rate matching output sequence lengths of at least one coded block, wherein the first rate matching output sequence length may be determined based on transmission parameters of the first resource allocation region, and the second rate matching output sequence length may be determined based on transmission parameters of the second resource allocation region.

[0150] In a variant, the transmission parameters of a resource allocation region may be associated with at least one of modulation order, a number of MEMO layers, or a number of resource elements in the resource allocation region.

[0151] In a variant, the method may further comprise selecting, by the network entity, at least two parts of the coded block based on the determined rate matching output sequence lengths.

[0152] In a variant, the method may further comprise performing, by the network entity, at least one interleaver operation.

[0153] In a further variant, different parts of the same coded block comprise different dimensions for the bit interleaver.

[0154] In a further variant, bit-interleaver may be a rectangular interleaver and different dimensions may be are associated with the modulation order of the different parts of the same coded block.

[0155] In a variant, using, by the network entity, at least two different dimensions for the bit interleaver, and applying separate bit interleaving (or de-interleaving) on the first part and the second part of the coded block.

[0156] In a variant, the method may further comprise concatenating, by the network entity, at least one part of the at least two rate matching output sequences of at least one coded block.

[0157] In a variant, the first resource allocation region of the at least two resource allocation regions and the second resource allocation region of the at least two resource allocation regions are affected by cross-link interference.

[0158] In a further variant, the first modulation order of the at least two modulation orders may be indicated in a MCS field in downlink control information, and the second modulation order of the at least two modulation orders may be derived based on at least one of higher layer signaling or dynamic indication.

[0159] In a further variant, the first modulation order of the at least two modulation orders and the second modulation order of the at least two modulation orders use a same target coding rate.

[0160] In a further variant, the method may further comprise determining, by the network entity, a number of resource elements within a single slot, and/or may determine a number of additional resource elements according to resources affected by cross-link interference.

[0161] In a further variant, the method may further comprise determining, by the network entity, the total number of resource elements allocated for PDSCH.

[0162] In a further variant, the determination of the at least one TBS comprises at least one resource element used for data transmission in at least one of the at least two resource allocation regions.

[0163] In a variant, the at least two rate matching output sequence lengths of the at least one coded block may comprise at least two parts, wherein the first part may be determined based on at least one available bit in the first resource allocation region of the at least two resource allocation regions, and the second part may be determined based on at least one available bit in the second resource allocation region of the at least two resource allocation regions.

[0164] In a further variant, at least one of the first part or the second part may be configured to avoid requiring padding bits after the determining by ensuring that the total bits of coded blocks are equal to the available bits in resource allocation.

[0165] In a variant, based on the at least one rate matched sequence, the first parts of the at least two rate matching output sequence lengths of coded blocks are concatenated first, and the second parts of the at least two rate matching output sequence lengths of code blocks are then be concatenated.

[0166] In a further variant, the at least one rate matched sequence may be an output of the bit-interleaver.

[0167] In a further variant, the rate matching is adjusted so that the second part of the at least two rate matching output sequence lengths of different coded blocks has an unequal splitting such that impacted codes are blocked due to the CLI having a larger number of parity bits than the unaffected coded blocks.

[0168] In a variant, the at least one transmitted resource block is associated with the at least one part of the at least two rate matching output sequence lengths of at least one coded block.

[0169] According to a third embodiment and a fourth embodiment, an apparatus can comprise at least one processor and at least one memory and computer program code. The at least one memory and the computer program code can be configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform a method according to the first embodiment, and/or the second embodiment, and/or any of their variants.

[0170] According to a fifth embodiment and a sixth embodiment, an apparatus can comprise means for performing the method according to the first embodiment, and/or the second embodiment, and/or any of their variants.

[0171] According to a seventh embodiment and an eighth embodiment, a computer program product may encode instructions for performing a process comprising a method according to the first embodiment, and/or the second embodiment, and/or any of their variants.

[0172] According to a ninth embodiment and a tenth embodiment, a non-transitory computer-readable medium may encode instructions that, when executed in hardware, perform a process comprising a method according to the first embodiment, the second embodiment, and any of their variants.

[0173] According to an eleventh and a twelfth embodiment, a computer program code may comprise instructions for performing a method according to the first embodiment, the second embodiment, and any of their variants.

According to a thirteenth embodiment and a fourteenth embodiment, an apparatus may comprise circuitry configured to perform a process including a method according to the first embodiment, the second embodiment, and any of their variants.