The subject of the invention is a combined system for the production of electricity, heat, cold and water mainly for district cooling using a three -bed absorption chiller.

The invention belongs to the field of cooling and power generation.

In the prior state of the art, known patent application US2016223208 describes a solution for a trigeneration source without the possibility of producing water and uses only an absorption or adsorption chiller (not together and not three -bed).

There is also known application CA20132930794 regarding the solution of a trigeneration source without the possibility of producing water and combined with renewable sources to compensate the energy production.

The application CN20161129554 discloses an invention where the trigeneration system produces electricity and heat, and the cold is a by-product. In this solution, the cold can't be used for district cooling.

The RU20140149719 application describes a trigeneration solution consisting of only one medium circuit and not from many medium circuit in different devices. One element is responsible for realization of all the processes. No possibility to produce water.

The invention according to the application CN20141833734 relates to the production of electricity, heat and water without cold production. Only the absorption chiller is used and three- bed adsorption chiller is not used.

Application CN2014122582 concerns a trigeneration solution connected with geothermal energy source and a classic boiler. There is no absorption - adsorption cascade and no compressor chiller.

Previously known systems of combined production of electricity, heat and cold use absorption chillers supplied with heat from the cogeneration system.

The absorption chiller works on the basis of the absorption effect (absorption of the refrigerant in the entire volume) and the desorption (separation of the refrigerant from the solution). Boiling of the refrigerant absorbs heat, providing a useful cooling effect. The absorber and desorber system in absorption chillers is called a chemical compressor and corresponds to the functionality of an electrically powered compressor in conventional chillers. Absorptive chillers are a very well- recognized technology. Yoon et al. (Yoon JI, Kwon O-K., Cycle analysis of air-cooled energy chiller using a new working solution. Energy 24, 1999, 795 - 809) concentrated in his work on absorption chillers based on a mixture of H20 / LiBr, H20 / LiBr + HO (CH2) 30H and NH3 / H20 and NH3 / LiN03, while Sun (Sun DW. Comparison of Performance of NH3-H20, NH3- LiN03 and NH3-NASCN's absorption refrigeration systems, Energy Conversion and Management 39, 1998, 357-68) on NH3 / NaSCN. Their work was aimed at determining optimal working conditions for individual solutions. Solutions available on the market use, depending on the required evaporation temperature of the refrigerant, a mixture of water / lithium bromide (H20 / LiBr) or ammonia / water (NH3 / H20). The choice of a particular solution depends on the required evaporation temperature of the refrigerant and the available heat temperature. Wherever a refrigerant with a temperature of not less than 5 ° C is needed, an aqueous solution of lithium bromide is used. For a lower temperature range (down to -50 ° C) the ammonia / water solution is used. The mentioned authors also analyzed the range of possible heating medium temperatures, enabling effective operation of the absorption cycle, exceeding the possibilities of heat recovery from cogeneration systems.

The three-bed adsorption chiller uses the adsorption process (absorption of refrigerant vapors on the surface of the solid body) for the production of high pressure refrigerant. The device consists of three beds filled with adsorbent, connected to evaporators in such a way that they can function as a cooling device. The principle of operation is based on the work of high -pressure and low-pressure evaporators connected to the beds of the adsorbent substance. The main energy source of the system is heat (Hybrid sorption - compressor refrigeration systems, Cyklis P., Gorski B., KantorR., Ryncarz T., Technika Chlodnicza i klimatyzacyjna 6-7,8 / 2012 and 1/2013). The system works by synchronizing the time cycles of evaporators and beds in such a way that at any given time during the process two of the three beds work as adsorption beds and the rest as a desorption ones. At the same time, one condenser and two evaporators, one of which operates under the higher and second lower pressure, guarantee continuous production of chilled water. The desorption process boils down to the removal of adsorbed water vapor from the adsorbent by heat. The desorbed steam is collected in a condenser. These requirements for the desorption process of a three-bed absorption chiller define the advantage of its use in cooperation with a cogeneration system, because the required bed regeneration temperature is lower than the required temperature for desorption of the refrigerant in absorption chillers. In addition, due to the fact that the sorption process occurs on the surface of a solid, the concentrated refrigerant is not mixed with the desorbed refrigerant, allowing the production of water using various liquids. The purpose of the present invention is such a design of a combined system for the production of electricity, heat, cold and water for district cooling system so that due to the specific technical requirements of the adsorption bed regeneration process related to low regeneration temperature, the energy efficiency of the system, understood as the ratio of produced energy to energy introduced in the fuel, was higher than in the conventional solution. This will lead directly to increased production of media with the same amount of fuel. This will be achieved by the exploitation of a three-bed adsorption chiller with a bed regeneration temperature lower than the desorption temperature of the medium from the absorption system, resulting in lowering the temperature of the hot water returning to the cogeneration system, while minimizing the chimney loss.

The subject of the invention in a preferred embodiment is shown in the figure, which shows a block diagram of a combined system for the production of electricity, heat, cold and water.

The essence of the invention is a combined system for the production of electricity, heat, cold and water, comprising of a CHP system, an absorption chiller (AB), a compressor chiller (SPR), a district cooling system (DC) characterized in that the system has a three -bed adsorption chiller (3AD), which in relation to the heat recovery from the cogeneration system (CHP) is located behind the absorption chiller (AB), with which it is directly connected by at least to the hot water pipeline and the chilled water pipeline.

Preferably, the three-bed adsorption chiller (3 AD) with respect to the chilled water return from the district cooling system (DC) is located before the absorption chiller (AB) and connected to the district cooling (DC) system via the chilled water pipeline.

Thanks to the application of the combined system of electricity, heating, cooling and water production according to the invention:

- three-bed adsorption chiller continuously produces water;

- three-bed adsorption chiller continuously produces cold;

- electricity may not be used in a compressor chiller for cold production. This is due to the variable peak power of the sorption chillers.

The system according to the invention, in a preferred embodiment, comprises a cogeneration system (CHP) based on a gas-fueled reciprocating piston engine; cascade-connected absorption chiller (AB) and three-bed adsorption chiller (3AD) with cooling towers (WI1) and (WI2), and a compressor chiller (SPR). The CHP is connected via a hot water supply pipeline with an absorption chiller (AB) which is connected by a hot water supply pipeline with a three -bed adsorption chiller (3 AD) which is connected via a hot water return pipeline to the CHP. The district cooling system (DC) is connected via an chilled water return pipe with a three -bed adsorption chiller (3 AD), which is connected by an chilled water supply pipeline with an absorption chiller (AB) which is connected by a chilled water supply pipeline with a compressor chiller (SPR), which is connected by an chilled water supply pipeline to a district cooling system (DC). The absorption chiller (AB) and the three-bed adsorption chiller (3 AD) for heat collection are connected respectively to the cooling tower (WI1) and the cooling tower (WI2) by means of cooling water pipelines.

The mechanical energy produced by the engine is converted into electricity by means of a built-in generator. The heat is recovered from the engine's body cooling system and exhaust. The water returning from the district cooling system is cooled first in a three -bed adsorption chiller, then in an absorption chiller and finally in a compressor chiller. The heating water from the cogeneration system first feeds the absorption chiller (AB) and then the three -bed adsorption chiller (3AD), which leads to an increase in heat utilization, so far lost with the exhaust gas discharge, by 50% increasing the total energy efficiency from 90% to 95%.