INVENTION DESCRIPTION

1. FIELD OF APPLICATION

The invention relates to fire protection products.

According to the International Patent Classification, the subject of the invention belongs to section A - human necessities, class A62 - life-saving; fire-fighting, subclass A62C - fire-fighting, group A62C 3/00 - fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places, and group A62C 4/00 - flame traps allowing passage of gas but not of flame or explosion wave, or subgroup A62C 4/04 - in flues or chimneys

2. TECHNICAL PROBLEM

Grease that accumulates in the ventilation ducts of kitchen hoods poses a high risk of fire due to the highly flammable medium that coats the walls of the ventilation system. Therefore, it is necessary to clean the complete ventilation system more often in order to prevent a fire According to the applicable regulations, there must be no obstructions in the ventilation hoods, i.e. motor fire dampers with a rotating element in the middle of the duct must not be used.

The technical problem solved by the present invention relates to the construction of a non-mechanical fire damper with two closing rings which has no moving parts that are manually or motor-driven, and which has a fire resistance above 90 minutes to prevent the spread of fire through air conditioning and ventilation systems, according to fire prevention laws, regulations and norms. A non-mechanical fire damper with two closing rings is installed at the points of passage of ventilation tubes through fire walls and ceilings that separate the building into separate fire compartments.

3. STATE OF THE ART

There are various fire dampers on the market today that are usually made as rectangular and cylindrical. They are made as motor, magnetic and manual dampers. Actuation of the damper can be thermal, manual and remote. These fire dampers have a rotating element in the middle of the duct, so according to the current law, they must not be used in the ventilation ducts of kitchen hoods because there must be no obstructions in the hoods.

There are no non-mechanical fire dampers on the market with fire resistances above 90 minutes.

The new technical solution of the present invention arose from the lack, on the market, of adequate non-mechanical products for fire protection of ventilation ducts of kitchen hoods according to the valid fire safety standards.

4. ESSENCE OF THE INVENTION

The essence of the invention is a non-mechanical fire damper with two closing rings.

The non-mechanical fire damper with two closing rings has a housing, a fire protection assembly and a mounting bracket.

The fire protection assembly has two plastic tubes. On each tube is placed a closing ring with swivel wings covered with non-combustible cloth and expanding strips, and tightened by tension springs, on plastic tubes. The closing rings are mounted on plastic tubes in a way that the swivel wings in the fire protection assembly face each other so that the swivel wings of one closing ring enter between the swivel wings of the other closing ring. The non-mechanical fire damper with two closing rings works on the principle of material properties at high temperatures, i e. the expansion of parts of the fire protection assembly which is located in the damper housing.

When the temperature in the ventilation duct rises above 80°C, the fire protection assembly is activated so that the plastic tubes soften and deform, while the tension springs push the swivel wings of both closing rings which eject the plastic tubes out of the damper and close the damper interior. At the same time, the expanding material and expanding strips, under the influence of high temperature, expand and fill the inside of the damper.

A non-mechanical fire damper with two closing rings is placed in small-diameter ventilation ducts for protection against fire transmission.

5. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

Figure 1 shows upper housing - front view

Figure 2 shows lower housing - front view

Figure 3 shows upper housing - top view

Figure 4 shows upper plastic tube - front view

Figure 5 shows lower plastic tube - front view

Figure 6 shows upper plastic tube - top view

Figure 7 shows closing ring with open swivel wings - front view

Figure 8 shows closing ring with open swivel wings - top view

Figure 9 shows closing ring with closed swivel wings - top view

Figure 10 shows closing ring with open swivel wings in cross section X - X from

Fig.8 - front view

Figure 11 shows enlarged detail E of the swivel wing in cross section from Fig.10 Figure 12 shows closing ring with swivel wings on the upper plastic tube - front view

Figure 13 shows closing ring with swivel wings on the lower plastic tube - front view

Figure 14 shows closing rings with open swivel wings on the upper and lower plastic tubes placed opposite each other - front view Figure 15 shows closing rings with swivel wings on the upper and lower plastic tubes from Fig.14 covered with non-combustible cloth - front view

Figure 16 shows closing rings with swivel wings on the upper and lower plastic tubes from Fig.15 tightened by tension springs - front view

Figure 17 shows fire protection assembly - front view

Figure 18 shows fire protection assembly in housing of the non-mechanical fire damper with two closing rings with plastic spacer, partial vertical cross-section - front view

Figure 19 shows non-mechanical fire damper with two closing rings with plastic spacer between the upper and lower housing - front view

Figure 20 shows non-mechanical fire damper with two closing rings with mounting brackets - front view

Figure 21 shows non-mechanical fire damper with two closing rings from Fig.20 with mounting brackets - top view

6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION EMBODIMENT AND FUNCTIONING

INVENTION EMBODIMENT

Non-mechanical fire damper with two closing rings comprises housing A, fire protection assembly B and mounting bracket C

Housing A

Housing A is made of galvanized steel sheet. It consists of two equal parts, namely the upper housing 1 with the wider part 2 and the lower housing 3 with the wider part 4, Figs.1 , 2 and 3.

Fire protection assembly B

Fire protection assembly B, Fig.17, consists of an upper plastic tube 6 and a lower plastic tube 8 _, closing rings 10, a non-combustible cloth 16, tension springs 17 and expanding strips 18. Plastic tubes 6 and 8

Plastic tubes 6 and 8 are the same size made of thermally unstable plastic material. The fire protection assembly B has two plastic tubes: an upper plastic tube 6 with an expanded end 7, Fig.4 and Fig.6, and a lower plastic tube 8 with an expanded end 9, Fig.5 and Fig.6. The expanded end 7 of the upper plastic tube 6 and the expanded end 9 of the lower plastic tube 8 are curved towards the outer diameter of the damper.

Closing rings 10

Closing ring 10, Figs.7, 8, 9 and 10, is made of galvanized sheet metal.

The closing ring has a rim 11 with swivel wings 12 in the shape of a triangle. The swivel wings 12 are connected to the rim 11 via connections 13. The swivel wings 12 are perpendicular to the rim 11. In the middle of the swivel wings 12, supports 14 for tension springs 17 are provided.

On the inside of the swivel wings 12, a self-adhesive expanding material 15 is glued, Figs.10 and 11.

The fire protection assembly B has two closing rings 10.

Non-combustible cloth 16

Non-combustible cloth 16 is a fabric made of glass fibers with a silicone coating.

Tension springs 17

Tension springs 17 are spiral in shape and are made of steel wire.

Expanding strips 18

Expanding strips 18 are made of a material that expands under a certain temperature and takes a much larger volume.

Assembling the fire protection assembly B

The closing rings 10 with the rims 11 are pulled on the upper plastic tube 6, up to the expanded end 7, Fig.12, and on the lower plastic tube 8, up to the expanded end 9, Fig.13, whereby the swivel wings 12 with its inner surface, to which the self- adhesive expanding material 15 is glued, lean on plastic tubes 6 and 8.

After placing the closing rings 10 on the upper 6 and lower 8 plastic tubes, the plastic tubes are joined on a groove - tongue principle. The swivel wings 12 in the fire protection assembly B face each other so that the swivel wings 12 of one closing ring enter between the swivel wings of the other closing ring, Fig.14. After that, the non-combustible cloth 16 is placed over the swivel wings 12 and the rims 11, Fig.15.

Then, over the non-combustible cloth 16, tension springs 17 are placed on both closing rings 10, so that the tension springs 17 rest on the supports 14 of the swivel wings 12, Fig.16. In this way the tension springs 17 keep the swivel wings 12 under constant pressure on the plastic tubes 6 and 8.

The fire protection assembly B is then, between and on the sides of the tension springs 17, wrapped with expanding strips 18, Fig.17.

Fire protection assembly B from Fig.17. is then inserted into the wider part 2 of the upper housing 1 and the wider part 4 of the lower housing 3 so that the upper housing 1 sits on the expanded end 7 of the upper plastic tube 6 and the lower housing 3 sits on the expanded end 9 of the lower plastic tube 8. Between the wider part 2, of the upper housing 1, and the wider part 4, of the lower housing 3, remains a space which is covered by a plastic spacer 5 and thus prevents heat transfer from the upper housing 1 to the lower housing 3. The plastic spacer 5 which is in a shape of the capital letter T is with one part inserted into the space between the upper housing 1 and the lower housing 3, and with the other part it covers a part of the outer surface of the wider part 2 of the upper housing 1 and the wider part 4 of the lower housing 3, Figs.18. and 19.

Mounting bracket C

On the outside of the housing A of the non-mechanical fire damper with two closing rings _, brackets C are attached, Figs.20 and 21, for mounting on built-in elements. The brackets C are connected to the upper housing 1 and the lower housing 3 via batten 19 by a pop rivets 20, and are fastened to the built-in element with screws 21.

Functioning

The non-mechanical fire damper with two closing rings automatically closes the air flow in the supply and exhaust ducts of ventilation and air conditioning in the event of a fire.

If the temperature in the ventilation duct rises above 80°C, the upper plastic tube 6 and the lower plastic tube 8, which are made of thermoplastic material, gradually soften and deform. Then the tension springs 17 start to act, which due to the reduced resistance of the plastic tubes 6 and 8, push the swivel wings 12 of the closing rings 10 towards the inside of the damper. Under the pressure of tension springs 17 and swivel wings 12, deformed upper plastic tube 6 and lower plastic tube 8 are ejected from the damper each to its side, and the swivel wings 12 close the passage through the damper. A further increase in temperature activates the expanding material 15 on the inside of the swivel wings 12 and the expanding strips 18 on the outside of the swivel wings 12 and with their increased volume they fill the entire interior of the damper and close all openings through which the fire could pass, and in this way prevent fire transmission from one sector to another.

On the outside of the housing A, brackets C are attached by means of which a non-mechanical fire damper with two closing rings is mounted on the built-in elements. A non-mechanical fire damper with two closing rings is installed in small-diameter ventilation ducts, especially for kitchen hoods.

LIST OF LETTER AND NUMBER MARKS IN DESCRIPTION AND DRAWINGS

A - housing

1 - upper housing

2 - wider part of the upper housing

3 - lower housing

4 - wider part of the lower housing 5 - plastic spacer

B - fire protection assembly

6 - upper plastic tube

7 - expanded end of the upper plastic tube

8 - lower plastic tube

9 - expanded end of the lower plastic tube

10 - closing ring

11 - rim of the closing ring

12 - swivel wings of the closing ring

13 - connection of swivel wings with the rim

14 - support for tension spring

15 - expanding material on the inside of the swivel wings

16 - non-combustible cloth

17 - tension spring

18 - expanding strip

C - mounting bracket for installation of the damper

19 - batten

20 - rivets

21 - screw

E - enlarged detail of the swivel wing from Fig.10

7. APPLICATION OF THE INVENTION

A non-mechanical fire damper with two closing rings is used for small-diameter ventilation ducts for the purpose of preventing the transmission of fire from one fire sector to another.

The non-mechanical fire damper with two closing rings, according to this invention, complies with the fire laws and regulations for installation in ventilation ducts for hoods