AND PATTERNS THEREOF

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

[0001] This application is a nonpro visional application of U.S. Provisional

Application No. 61/863,366 filed on August 7, 2013, to which priority is claimed and the substance of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of Invention

[0002] This invention relates to barriers for rain gutters for keeping leaves and other debris out of the rain gutters. More particularly, this invention relates to rain gutter debris preclusion barriers, which utilize a screen.

2. Description of Related Art

[0003] Prior gutter debris preclusion devices have been effective in preventing debris from passing through the screen and entering the gutter. Such devices are disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 7,310,912 (the '912 patent) and U.S. Patent No. 8,479,454 (the '454 patent) both issued to Robert C. Lenney and John Lewis. U.S. Patent Nos. 7,310,912 and 8,479,454 are incorporated herein by reference, in their respective entireties.

[0004] Despite the effectiveness of the devices taught by the '912 and '454 patents, there are still areas for enhancement and modification to those devices. The present disclosure addresses some of these areas for modification, such as in the area of increasing the effectiveness of screening out of debris, while at the same time enhancing the channeling of the water flow over and through the screen.

[0005] This present disclosure overcomes the drawbacks and shortcomings of prior art conventional devices. These and other features and advantages are described in, or are apparent from, the following detailed description of various exemplary embodiments of the devices and methods thereof.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0006] The following presents a simplified summary in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the claimed subject matter. This summary is not an extensive overview, and is not intended to identify key/critical elements or to delineate the scope of the claimed subject matter. Its purpose is to present some concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.

[0007] The present invention provides a screen for use with gutter debris preclusion devices, wherein the screen includes various sequences/patterns of manipulations to allow water to pass into the gutter, while elevating precluded debris to accelerate its drying and removal from the gutter system.

[0008] In one aspect of the disclosed embodiments, a device for a gutter debris preclusion device that is for use with a gutter is provided. The device includes a screen having orifices, wherein the screen includes a first manipulation being formed in the screen and having a first cross-sectional shape and a first longitudinal shape and wherein the screen includes a second manipulation being formed in the screen and having a second cross- sectional shape and a second longitudinal shape, and the screen includes a first pattern being formed by the first and second manipulations.

[0009] In another embodiment of the invention, the first cross-sectional shape is the same as the second cross-sectional shape. Still further in another embodiment, the first longitudinal shape is the same as the second longitudinal shape. Yet in other embodiments, the first cross-sectional shape is the same as the second cross-sectional shape, and the first longitudinal shape is different than the second longitudinal shape. In other exemplary embodiments, the first cross-sectional shape is different than the second cross-sectional shape, and the first longitudinal shape is the same as the second longitudinal shape. Still further, in other embodiments, the screen further includes a second pattern being formed from at least two additional manipulations. In other embodiments, the first pattern and the second pattern are of the same overall shape and yet in other embodiments first pattern and the second pattern are not of the same overall shape. In an exemplary embodiment, the first longitudinal shape forms a sinusoidal curve.

[0010] In another aspect of the disclosed embodiments, the present invention provides a gutter debris preclusion device for securing to a top portion of a roof gutter that is attached to a building for keeping leaves and other debris out of the roof gutter. The device of the present invention includes a screen with fenestrations allowing water to pass through into the roof gutter, and a first manipulation and second manipulation integrally and one- piece formed of a portion of the screen, the first manipulation having a two-dimensional first cross section and a first length, the second manipulation having a two-dimensional second cross section and a second length; wherein at least the first and second manipulations contain an elevated region that is at least 0.125 inches tall and provides a tilt angle of between 0 to 45 degrees for leaves or similar debris resting on the screen; wherein the first and second cross sections of the manipulations are extended along the first and second lengths to form a pattern of manipulations along the screen; wherein the manipulations' cross sections causes any resting debris to be more easily dried and blown off the roof gutter.

[0011] In another embodiment of the invention the first and second manipulations form a group or set of manipulations. Still further in other embodiments, the group or set of manipulations is repeated to form one or more patterns. In other exemplary embodiments, at least one of the groups of manipulations and patterns is repeated in a uniform manner or nonuniform manner. Yet still further in other embodiments, a cross section of at least one of the first and second manipulations is at least one of a truncated rectangle, a plurality of adjoining truncated rectangles displaced from each other by a fixed separation distance, a plurality of truncated rectangles that are multi-sized, a plurality of adjoining arcs, a plurality of adjoining angles, a plurality of truncated trapezoids, an S-shape, a circle, and a plurality of concentric circles. In other exemplary embodiments, the screen is between approximately 5 inches to 10 inches wide. Still further in some embodiments, the screen further comprises a plurality of reinforcing structures to support the screen. In other embodiments, the screen is arched to be self-supporting. Still further in some embodiments, one or more groups or patterns is displaced and repeated from a prior group or pattern to intersect the prior group or pattern. In other embodiments, one or more groups or patterns is displaced and repeated from a prior group or pattern at a dissimilar angle. Still further in other embodiments, the group or pattern form a shape of at least one of a cross hatch, an S, a tile, a zig-zag, a brick, a block, an accordion, and circles. Yet in other embodiments, the screen is tiered with an upper portion and a lower portion, wherein at least one of the first and second manipulations span the upper and lower portion, and wherein at least one of the first and second manipulations is constrained to either the upper portion or lower portion.

[0012] In yet another aspect of the disclosed embodiments, the present invention provides a method for gutter debris preclusion for use with a gutter. In one exemplary embodiment the method includes installing a gutter debris preclusion device to a gutter, wherein the device includes a screen having orifices, wherein the screen includes a first manipulation being formed in the screen and having a first cross-sectional shape and a first longitudinal shape, wherein the screen includes a second manipulation being formed in the screen and having a second cross-sectional shape and a second longitudinal shape, and the screen includes a first pattern being formed by the first and second manipulations.

[0013] These and other features and advantages of this invention are described in, or are apparent from, the following detailed description of various exemplary embodiments of the devices and methods according to this invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Various exemplary embodiment of this invention will be described in detail, with reference to the following figures, wherein;

Figure 1 displays a partial perspective view of a debris preclusion device or gutter guard in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 1A displays an embodiment of Figure 1 with a supporting frame.

Figure IB displays an embodiment of Figure 1 with an arched configuration.

Figure 2 displays a cross-section of one possible manipulation shape for a portion of the device of Figure 1, having a manipulation composed of a single elevated "flattened" ridge;

Figure 3 displays a cross-section of another possible manipulation shape for a portion of the device of Figure 1, having double flattened ridges and double flattened depressions;

Figure 4 displays a cross-section of another possible manipulation shape for a portion of the device of Figure 1, having triple flattened ridges and double flattened depressions;

Figure 5 displays a cross-section of another possible manipulation shape for a portion of the device of Figure 1, having triple "rounded" ridges and double "rounded" depressions;

Figure 6 displays a cross-section of another possible manipulation shape for a portion of the device of Figure 1, having double peaks and accompanying reverse peak ridges;

Figure 7 displays a cross-section of another possible manipulation shape for a portion of the device of Figure 1, having a series of alternating and reverse peaked ridges;

Figure 8 displays a cross-section of another possible manipulation shape for a portion of the device of Figure 1, having double trapezoidal ridges;

Figure 9 displays a cross-section of another possible manipulation shape for a portion of the device of Figure 1, having double "soft" ridges; Figure 10 displays a cross-section of another possible manipulation shape for a portion of the device of Figure 1, having double triangular-shaped ridges;

Figure 11 displays a cross-section of a doubled height and width sized manipulation of the manipulation of Figure 2;

Figure 12 displays a cross-section of a doubled height and width sized manipulation of the manipulation of Figure 3;

Figure 13 displays a cross-section of a doubled height and width sized manipulation of the manipulation of Figure 4;

Figure 14 displays a cross-section of a doubled height and width sized manipulation of the manipulation of Figure 5;

Figure 15 displays a cross-section of a doubled height and width sized manipulation of the manipulation of Figure 8;

Figure 16 displays a cross-section of a doubled height and width sized manipulation of the manipulation of Figure 6;

Figure 17 displays a cross-section of a doubled height and width sized manipulation of the manipulation of Figure 7;

Figure 18 displays a cross-section of a doubled height and width sized manipulation of the manipulation of Figure 9;

Figure 19 displays a cross-section of a doubled height and width sized manipulation of the manipulation of Figure 10;

Figure 20 displays a top view of an embodiment with a pattern of regularly spaced manipulations oriented at an arbitrary angle;

Figure 21 displays a top view of an embodiment with a pattern of offset spaced manipulations oriented at an arbitrary angle; Figure 22 displays a top view of an embodiment with a pattern of regularly spaced manipulations set at opposing angles to form a cross-hatched pattern;

Figure 23 displays a top view of an embodiment with a pattern of regularly spaced manipulations arranged in a curved pattern;

Figure 24 displays a top view of an embodiment with a pattern of regularly spaced manipulations arranged to orthogonally cross each other;

Figure 25 displays a top view of an embodiment with a pattern of regularly spaced manipulations arranged in a zig-zag pattern along a longitudinal direction of the gutter G;

Figure 26 displays a top view of an embodiment with a pattern of regularly spaced manipulations arranged offset and angled from each other, forming a brick-like or block-like pattern;

Figure 27 displays a top view of an embodiment with a pattern of regularly spaced manipulations arranged in acute angles to each other, forming an accordion-like pattern;

Figure 28 displays a top view of an embodiment with a pattern of adjacent circular manipulations;

Figure 29 displays a top view of an embodiment with a combination of patterns of manipulations;

Figure 30 displays a top view of an embodiment with concentric manipulations; and Figure 31 displays a cross sectional view of an alternate embodiment having a tiered profile.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0015] Various aspects of the disclosed embodiments describe barriers or features of barriers for rain gutters and similar structures for keeping leaves and other debris out of the rain gutters. Gutter debris preclusion of the present invention is facilitated by having at least one manipulation on a screening mesh element that extends over the top of a gutter. The manipulation provides a resting surface that extends above the mesh. The resting surface of the manipulation holds up a portion or entirety of the leaves (debris) above the main flat portions of the mesh so that the debris is not lying flat on the mesh and thus allowing the flow of air beneath the debris. The air can dry the leaves (debris) out faster and also create opportunities for the debris to blow off the gutter debris preclusion device easier. Another purpose of the manipulations in some various embodiments in the screening filter is to give the gutter debris preclusion device support to span the gutter without the need for an under support.

[0016] The manipulations in the screen create raised resting areas that hold up leaves and pine needles at 0 to 45 degree angles. For typical residential gutters, this can be accomplished by having a height of the ridge at least about 0.125 inches from the surface of the screen. In some embodiments, multiple ridges (or manipulations) can be used to form uniform and non-uniform groups/patterns of raised areas (ridges) in the screen. The groups/patterns of the multiple ridges/manipulations can be spaced apart to suit different applications. The spacing can be sufficiently close enough to completely raise a typically sized pine needle above the screen's non-ridged surface. For example, the ridges may be spaced about one to two inches from each other. In other embodiments geared for leaves (versus pine needles) the ridges can be closer together. Each manipulation can have one of many cross-sectional shapes. Each manipulation within the pattern can have different cross- sectional shapes. The height of each of the manipulations from the surface of the screen can be uniform or non-uniform depending upon the embodiment. In some exemplary

embodiments, the height of the manipulation can be at least about 0.25 inches from the surface of the screen, and analogously spaced, if so desired, to completely raise a typically sized leaf above the screen's non-ridged surface. In some embodiments, it will be sufficient to only require one end of the leaf/pine needle to be raised, so spacing of the manipulations may be altered as such. For commercial (larger) gutters, the respective sizes may be adjusted to accommodate the expanded screen size.

[0017]When debris is held up at these angles, it makes the debris easier for wind to pass under the debris and dry out the leaves (debris) quicker. It also allows for the debris to blow off easier. Flat mesh screens without any types of ridges allow debris to cling to the mesh more easily and discourages debris from blowing off. When debris is not given the opportunity to dry or blow off, it can disrupt and block the flow of water by blocking entry into the screen.

[0018]Also, flat mesh screens tend to become clogged with micro-debris (for example, shingle asphalt grains, dirt, decomposed leaf pieces, etc.) over a period of time. With manipulations, more surface area is available for the water to travel through; therefore, even if there is micro-debris clogging a portion of the mesh screen, the increased surface area enables the barrier to still operate effectively. For example, a common problem with typical flat meshes is that when debris accumulates, the debris "blocks" the water from entering the gutter, which can result in the water being redirected by the debris and sent, sometimes, off the gutter. With increased surface area of the screen due to the patterns of manipulations, the redirected water can be channeled to other parts of the mesh screen (which may not be debris-blocked) and appropriately directed into the gutter. Depending on the type of pattern of manipulation chosen, the surface area can be increased up to 100% or more over conventional flat meshes.

[0019] Further, the physical orientation and structure of the manipulations can create a localized water damming effect for oncoming water that increases water turbulence so as to dislodge micro-debris and/or regular debris as well as channel water further along other portions of the mesh screen that are not dammed, affording increased area for the water to filter through. Additionally, various manipulations (including combinations of different manipulations, or arrangements thereof) may be of a particular dimension/orientation or size to effectively operate to channel water "indirectly" from lip-to-lip of the gutter, so as to provide a longer path for the water to filter through. Conversely, various manipulations may be of a particular dimension/orientation or size to channel the debris "directly" from lip-to- lip, so as to form a shorter path for the debris to travel (allowing it less surface area for the debris to be trapped).

[0020]Therefore, the redirection of the flow of water provides a mechanism to reduce the possibility of water planing over the surface of the barrier off the gutter, which is commonly seen during heavy downpours. Further, the patterns of raised manipulations decrease the speed of the flow of water over the screen and thereby enhancing the volume of water entering the gutter through the screen.

[0021]As shown in the following side-view drawings, the manipulations in the mesh screen can be of any shape, whether geometric or not. Examples of various possible manipulation shapes are now described.

[0022] Referring to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals represent like parts throughout the various drawing figures, Figure 1 displays a partial perspective view of a debris preclusion device or gutter guard 10, made in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The device 10 is shown in use on a gutter G attached to a building B, adjoining the edge of roof R that is covered by shingles S. The device 10 extends from the shingles to at least a gutter lip of the gutter G. The device 10 includes a screen 20 and a gutter channel 30. Water traveling off of shingles S pass onto the screen (or mesh) 20. The screen 20 includes a first manipulation 26 and a second manipulation 28. The screen 20 includes a third manipulation 36 and a fourth manipulation 38. The screen 20 further includes a first group of manipulations 40, which includes the first manipulation 26 and the second manipulation 28. The screen 20 includes a second group of manipulations, which includes the third manipulation 36 and the second manipulation 38. The first and second groups of manipulations 40 and 50 form patterns on the screen 20. It should be appreciated that in other exemplary embodiments each group or pattern consists of a multitude of manipulations.

[0023] The manipulations 26, 28, 36 and 38 each have a cross-sectional shape.

Further each manipulation 26, 28, 36 and 38 has a longitudinal shape (the shape along the length of the manipulation). The manipulations 26, 28, 36 and 38 are preferably formed integrally in the screen. The screen is bent to form the manipulations. Figure 2 displays the cross-sectional shape of the first manipulation 26. It has a cross-sectional height 32. The first manipulation 26 has a longitudinal shape 34, as shown in Figure 1. It should be appreciated that the second, third and forth manipulations in this embodiment have the same cross-sectional shape and the longitudinal shape as the first manipulation 26. It should be appreciated that in other exemplary embodiments, the screen includes additional

manipulations. It should be further appreciated that in other exemplary embodiments there are only two manipulations. Still further, it should be appreciated that at least two of the manipulations have different cross-sectional shapes. It should also be appreciated that in other exemplary embodiments, at least two of the manipulations have longitudinal shapes that are of different shapes, where the first and second groups 40 and 50 form patterns on the screen 20.

[0024] The manipulations 26, 28, 36 and 38 are each generally of a vertical protrusion of the mesh material, being integral and forming a single piece with the screen 20. The manipulations 26, 28, 36 and 38 operate to elevate an end of resting debris from the surface of the non-elevated portion of the screen 20. [0025] For convenience, the roof R is considered to include all portions of the covering of a building except for the shingles S. The shingles S are considered to include the uppermost layer of material, and can be "composite" shingles, tile, wood shake, slate, stone, or any other roofing material available to provide the uppermost layer.

[0026] Any debris falling off of the shingles S and onto the screen 20 of the device 10 either remain upon the device 10 or fall off of the screen 20 and away from the gutter G so that the gutter G can remain free of debris and function properly. As noted above, manipulations 26, 28, 36 and 38 are of a shape that provides a reduced horizontal planar surface for debris to cling to. While the manipulations 26, 28, 36 and 38 in this embodiment are shown as substantially parallel with the length of the gutter G and to a longitudinal edge of the screen, it should be appreciated that in other embodiments, the manipulations can be of any orientation with respect to the gutter G. Even further, it should be appreciated that in other embodiments, the manipulation, or groups formed by one or more manipulations, or patterns (arrangements of a group or groups of manipulations, or individual manipulations) can be arranged to be non-orthogonal to the length of the gutter G, so as to be at a repeating angle along the length of the gutter G.

[0027] The screen 20 can be any form of fenestrated structure capable of allowing water to pass therethrough but blocking debris from passing therethrough. The screen 20 is preferably formed of a flexible material with uniformly sized fenestrations. Most particularly, the screen 20 is formed of stainless steel woven wire with the fenestrations in the screen 20 sized to provide approximately 8,000 holes per square inch. It should be appreciated that materials other than stainless steel can be utilized. With such small fenestrations, twigs, sand and leaf stems are precluded from sticking in the fenestrations, and practically all debris harmful to the proper functioning of the gutter G is precluded from passing therethrough. It should be appreciated that the wire can have as few as 196 holes and as many as 8,200 holes per square inch. In certain areas on the roof, such as the valleys where there is a great volume of rainwater flow, fewer holes are recommended because they allow more rainwater to pass through at higher volumes. However, in other areas where rainwater does not come down in high volumes off the roof, such as on straight runs, a higher number of holes can be more appropriate, such as for example 8,000 holes per square inch. The advantage of having a higher number of holes per square inch is that it can keep smaller debris out of the gutter, such as pollen, or very fine roof sand grit particles.

[0028] Further, the screen 20 is positioned over the gutter G, when in use. The gutter channel 30, which in this embodiment assists with holding the screen 20 in position over the gutter G. The gutter channel 30 also provides for mounting of the device 10 upon the gutter G. In this embodiment, the screen is self supporting over the span of the gutter G. It should be appreciated that in other exemplary embodiments, the screen 20 may be supported over the gutter in a variety of configurations. For example, as shown in Figure 1 A, the screen 20 is shown in use with device 10', which includes a rigid support structure 30' that spans the gap of the gutter G. The screen 20 rests upon the rigid support structure 30', similar to the devices disclosed in the '454 patent. Another example is shown in Figure IB, wherein the screen 20 is shown in use with device 10". In this embodiment, the screen 20 is arched to further assist with supporting itself over span of the gutter G. It is appreciated that in other exemplary embodiments the screens of the present invention with manipulations and groups of manipulations can be utilized with any conventional debris preclusion device that uses a screen.

[0029] Figure 3 displays a cross-section 300 of another possible manipulation shape 310 of a portion of the screen 20 of the device 10 of Figure 1, having double flattened ridges and double flattened depressions, and in view of the above is understood to be self- explanatory. This embodiment's manipulation 310 is composed of two different ridge shapes 315 and 317, where ridge shape 317 is multi-tiered, having significantly more surface area than the embodiment shown in Figure 2.

[0030]Figure 4 displays a cross-section 400 of another possible manipulation shape 410 of a portion of the screen 20 of the device 10 of Figure 1, having triple flattened ridges and double flattened depressions, and in view of the above is understood to be self- explanatory. It is noted in this example that one side 430 of the portion of the screen 20 is at a higher elevation than the other side 450 of the portion of the screen 20.

[0031] Figure 5 displays a cross-section 500 of another possible manipulation shape 510 of a portion of the screen 20 of the device 10 of Figure 1, having triple "rounded" ridges and double "rounded" depressions, and in view of the above is understood to be self- explanatory. Here, the manipulation 510 is shown with a succeeding elevation surface 517 higher than the preceding elevation surface 515.

[0032] Figure 6 displays a cross-section 600 of another possible manipulation shape 610 of the portion of the screen 20 of the device 10 of Figure 1, having double peaks and accompanying reverse peak ridges, and in view of the above is understood to be self- explanatory. Of note is that the different ends of the portion of the screen 20 can be at different elevations, according to design preference.

[0033]Figure 7 displays a cross-section 700 of another possible manipulation shape 710 of a portion of the screen 20 of the device 10 of Figure 1, having a series of alternating and reverse peaked ridges, and in view of the above is understood to be self-explanatory. Here, manipulation 710 is composed of a duplicated pattern 715, 717 which overlaid with an inverted form to generate the manipulation 710.

[0034]Figure 8 displays a cross-section 800 of another possible manipulation shape 810 of a portion of the screen 20 of the device 10 of Figure 1, having double trapezoidal ridges, and in view of the above is understood to be self-explanatory. [0035]Figure 9 displays a cross-section 900 of another possible manipulation shape 910 of a portion of the screen 20 of the device 10 of Figure 1, having double "soft" ridges, and in view of the above is understood to be self-explanatory.

[0036]Figure 10 displays a cross-section 1000 of another possible manipulation shape 1010 of a portion of the screen 20 of the device 10 of Figure 1, having double triangular- shaped ridges, and in view of the above is understood to be self-explanatory.

[0037]The above embodiments are understood to represent various non-limiting shapes for a manipulation used in screen 20 that provide a mechanism to elevate debris from the lower surface of the screen 20, which creates a means for the debris to dry and thereby be more easily carried off the device 10 by a breeze or wind. As stated above, the manipulation can be one or more shapes having a cross-sectional profile and a longitudinal profile, formed into the screen 20, and in some embodiments can be a single shape, multiple shapes, multiple different shapes and so forth. The manipulations can be repeated or combined to form groups (or sets) of manipulations, which can be identically patterned along the length of the screen and/or differently patterned along the length of the screen, with various combinations and/or angles thereof, according to design preference. Aspects of these variations, grouping and patterns will be more evident in the below Figures.

[0038] It should be appreciated that the manipulation may be composed of one or more ridges (or elevated surface(s)) that can be higher than shown if the width span of the opening of the gutter G is greater than a standard gutter. For example, a standard gutter width opening is approximately five (5) inches at the top, but some commercial gutter openings at the top can span upwards of ten (10) inches. In this case, the manipulation ridges (or protrusions) can be up to twice as tall and twice as wide, thus creating more strength for support. The following figures illustrate embodiments with screen side profiles that are nearly twice as tall and wide for these larger commercial gutter openings. [0039] Figure 11 displays a cross-section 1100 of a doubled height and width sized manipulation 1110 of the manipulation of Figure 2, and in view of the above is understood to be self-explanatory. In some embodiments, the "ridge" or "protruding" manipulation may be disposed nearer to an end of the device 10 (closer to shingle S or channel 30), depending on implementation preference.

[0040] Figure 12 displays a cross-section 1200 of a doubled height and width sized manipulation 1210 of the manipulation of Figure 3, and in view of the above is understood to be self-explanatory.

[0041]Figure 13 displays a cross-section 1300 of a doubled height and width sized manipulation 1310 of the manipulation of Figure 4, and in view of the above is understood to be self-explanatory.

[0042] Figure 14 displays a cross-section 1400 of a doubled height and width sized manipulation 1410 of the manipulation of Figure 5, and in view of the above is understood to be self-explanatory.

[0043]Figure 15 displays a cross-section 1500 of a doubled height and width sized manipulation 1510 of the manipulation of Figure 8, and in view of the above is understood to be self-explanatory.

[0044]Figure 16 displays a cross-section 1600 of a doubled height and width sized manipulation 1610 of the manipulation of Figure 6, and in view of the above is understood to be self-explanatory.

[0045]Figure 17 displays a cross-section 1700 of a doubled height and width sized manipulation 1710 of the manipulation of Figure 7, and in view of the above is understood to be self-explanatory. [0046]Figure 18 displays a cross-section 1800 of a doubled height and width sized manipulation 1810 of the manipulation of Figure 9, and in view of the above is understood to be self-explanatory.

[0047]Figure 19 displays a cross-section 1900 of a doubled height and width sized manipulation 1910 of the manipulation of Figure 10, and in view of the above is understood to be self-explanatory.

[0048] From a top view, the manipulations in the screen 20 can run in any direction, and any shape between the roofline and the front lip of the gutter G. Sets (or groups) of a given manipulation (or pattern thereof) can be arranged in a uniform manner or non-uniform manner. The arrangement can alter the angles of the respective manipulation/group (and/or pattern) to form crisscrossing manipulations or staggered manipulations with altered orientations. The variations of the patterns of manipulations could be suited for differing areas of homes where there are differing types of trees with leaves and pine needles (e.g., differently sized and differently shaped debris). The ridge pattern(s) allow for the larger leaves to sit on the flatter surfaces with a portion of the leaf resting on the ridge. The combination of the ridge shape and pattern enables multi-sized debris to be effectively precluded. As non-limiting examples, the following figures illustrate different orientations and patterns or arrangements of the manipulations.

[0049] Figure 20 displays a top view of an embodiment 2000 with regularly spaced, adjacent manipulations 2010, 2020 set at an arbitrary angle between 0 - 90 degrees relative to a longitudinal edge of the screen 20. Here, they are illustrated at approximately 80 degrees relative to a longitudinal edge of the screen 20. A group 2080 formed by the manipulations 2010, 2020, which are shown in this example as identical manipulations, can be replicated along the screen 20. [0050]Figure 21 displays a top view of an embodiment 2100 with regularly spaced manipulations 2110, 2120, 2130 set an arbitrary angle. Here, they are illustrated at approximately 80 degrees relative to a longitudinal edge of the screen 20. A group 2180 is formed by the adjacent manipulations 2110, 2120, 2130 that is replicated along the screen 20, but in a pattern 2190 with an intermediate offset between adjacent groups 2180.

[0051] Figure 22 displays a top view of an embodiment 2200 with sets of regularly spaced manipulations 2210, 2220, 2230 which intersect with manipulations 2240, 2250, 2260. Groups 2280, 2285 are formed by the aforementioned manipulations to arrive at a pattern 2290, which is replicated in alignment 2295 along screen 20. It is evident that groups 2280, 2285 are arranged at opposing angles to form a cross-hatched pattern 2290. Here, they are illustrated at approximately 80 degrees relative to a longitudinal edge of the screen. In other embodiments, the groups 2280, 2285 may be oriented at different angles, and pattern 2290 may be replicated in an offset or angled manner, according to design preference. The crossing pattern is well suited for homes where there are many trees with either leaves or pine needles. The crossing ridges allow for many surfaces to assist in holding up larger amounts of leaves and pine needles.

[0052] Figure 23 displays a top view of an embodiment 2300 with regularly spaced manipulations 2310, 2320 arranged in a curved "S" shape. This pattern 2380 is well suited for areas of homes where there are higher rainfall amounts. The "S" shape can help slow down the rain coming down from the roof R and across the screen 20. In addition, the shape also can act as a supporting feature to hold the screen 20 above the gutter G without a support structure.

[0053]Figure 24 displays a top view of an embodiment 2400 with regularly spaced manipulations 2410, 2420 and 2430, 2440 arranged to orthogonally cross each other. Groups 2480 and 2485 formed from the manipulations and due to the orthogonal orientation, form a tile pattern. Of course, as in this and the other embodiments described, different angles may be implemented without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure.

[0054] Figure 25 displays a top view of an embodiment 2500 with regularly spaced manipulations 2510, 2520 arranged in a zig-zag format along a longitudinal direction of the gutter G. Group 2580 is formed using manipulations 2510 and 2520 replicated in-kind to form the pattern shown.

[0055] Figure 26 displays a top view of an embodiment 2600 with parallel manipulations 2610, 2620 and orthogonal parallel manipulations 2630, 2640 arranged in an offset angled format, to form a brick-like group which is replicated as pattern 2680 along the screen 20.

[0056] Figure 27 displays a top view of an embodiment 2700 with manipulations 2710, 2720 arranged in acute angles to each other, forming an apexed group 2780, which is replicated to form the shown accordion-like pattern.

[0057]Figure 28 displays an alternate embodiment 2800 with circularly shaped manipulations 2810, and in view of the above is understood to be self-explanatory. For example, manipulation 2810 can be of a non-linear geometric form (for example, circle, dome, arc, ellipse, etc.) that is arranged in linearly repeating form along screen 20 to provide elevated surfaces for debris removal. In some embodiments, the respective manipulations 2810 may be offset to form a honeycomb-like structure.

[0058] Figure 29 displays an alternate embodiment 2900 with a combination of sequenced manipulations 2910, 2920 and in view of the above is understood to be self- explanatory. For example, the group of manipulations 2910 is composed of S shapes while the group of manipulations 2920 is composed of dome shapes. A super group 2980 (or pattern) is formed by the combination of the respective manipulation groups. The super group 2980 is repeated at uniform intervals along the screen 20. [0059]Figure 30 displays an alternate embodiment 3000 with manipulations 3010, 3020, 3030 composed of concentric raised circles and/or domes. The set or group 3080 of manipulations 3010, 3020, 3030 are repeated in equally spaced adjoining pattern along screen 20.

[0060]Figure 31 displays an alternate embodiment 3100 having a tiered profile, attached to a gutter (not shown) via attachment edges 3175, 3185, the specifics of which are well known in the art. Manipulations 3110, 3135 are arranged from gutter lip-to-lip, being uniformly spaced along the gutter length. Secondary manipulations 3130, 3135 are disposed on upper tier section 3130 in a transverse orientation from manipulations 3110, 3120 and run along the gutter length. Secondary manipulations 3130, 3125 are shown as an S-shape but may be of any desired shape. Further, more or less (or different) shapes may be utilized. Upper and lower tiers 3140, 3150 may also have portions that are curved, as shown. In some embodiments, the screen can change its tiering to be upward (or downward, depending on implementation preference) by about a half an inch and then its direction is altered back to the back of the gutter G or under the roof line. This embodiment 3100 provides multiple large surfaces at different elevations for the manipulated ridge(s) to be formed on. The "step" formed in the screen can operate to form a macro ridge for larger debris while the

manipulated ridge(s) operate on smaller debris. Of course, while Figure 31 displays only one step, multiple steps may be implemented by one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure.

[0061] While this invention has been described in conjunction with the specific embodiments outlined above, it is evident that many alternatives, modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, the preferred

embodiments of the invention, as set forth above, are intended to be illustrative, not limiting. Various changes and combinations thereof may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention. It should be apparent that various different modifications can be made to the exemplary embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of this invention disclosure. When structures are identified as a means to perform a function, the identification is intended to include all structures, which can perform the function specified.