FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a horticulture system. The invention also relates to a cartridge for use in such horticulture system. The invention also relates to a method for controlling the horticulture system. Yet further, the invention also relates to a computer program product, especially for controlling the horticulture system.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Indoor growing units are known in the art. US2015/0156973, for instance, describes a plant growing system comprising a biodegradable outer shell, a rooting material, a fertilizer or nutrient, seeds, and a removable lid, wherein the outer shell comprises a molded material, a formed material, a composted material, a shaped material, or combinations thereof, and wherein the rooting material comprises soil, coir, vermiculite, compost, perlite, bark fines, peat, wood shavings, mulch, or combinations thereof. The system is further adapted to permit the migration of water to the bottom of the outer shell. The system further comprises a water reservoir located beneath a truncated and formed rooting media.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Plants use the process of photosynthesis to convert light, C0 ₂ and H ₂ 0 into carbohydrates (sugars). These sugars are used to fuel metabolic processes. The excess of sugars is used for biomass formation. This biomass formation includes stem elongation, increase of leaf area, flowering, fruit formation, etc. The photoreceptor responsible for photosynthesis is chlorophyll. Apart from photosynthesis, also photoperiodism, phototropism and photomorphogenesis are representative processes related to interaction between radiation and plants.

Light is not the only enabler for growth; also atmosphere (temperature, humidity level, C0 ₂ /0 ₂ levels, etc.), water, nutrients and spore (or trace) elements are of major importance. Especially temperature (and temperature profile/cycles over day/night) is also a key contributor to the success of growing plants. The space available for food production is becoming scarcer. Innovation in production methods is needed to deliver higher yields from smaller footprints, while becoming more sustainable (minimum use of energy and water). Producing food in closed environments such as plant farms is a method to meet these demands. In plant farms (also known as plant factories, vertical farms or city farms), food is grown in multiple layers, making much better use of the available space as compared to outdoor growth or growth in greenhouses. This implies that daylight will not be able to reach all plants and nearly all the light has to come from artificial lighting. In plant farms, there is a need for providing to the plants a light treatment that is optimal at all times. At the same time, it is imperative that the light that is generated by the LED modules is used as efficiently as possible in order to reduce energy consumption and result in a profitable business. In plant farms, the production per unit of area is much higher than the production in the open field. The use of water is minimized. Plant diseases and pests can be prevented more easily.

There is a trend in at least some parts of the world, to strive for having the opportunity to eat fresh food regularly, especially every day, with a wide range of choices (independent of the season), and with that food having a great taste and having high quality and safety (no contaminants, under full own control). Also there is a trend to reduce ecological footprint, for instance by reducing throwing away food and/or limiting

transportation of food from the production location to the home setting. At the same time the onset of megacities, and thereby the reduction of average garden area, and the environmental pollution, reduce the possibilities to use an own garden to grow vegetables again. Further, people also have little time leading to the non-availability of fresh goods in the kitchen at the moment of cooking. Although on-line and home delivery can solve this, this may be a solution that is not always desired in view of the earlier mentioned motivations.

Hence, it is an aspect of the invention to provide an (alternative) horticulture system, that may e.g. be used as home application and/or a method for controlling such horticulture system, which preferably further at least partly obviate one or more of above- described drawbacks. The present invention may have as object to overcome or ameliorate at least one of the disadvantages of the prior art, or to provide a useful alternative. It is further an aspect of the invention to provide an (alternative) solution for (home) horticulture systems, such as when using e.g. a predefined cartridge.

Hence, in an aspect the invention provides a cartridge that comprises a plant growth control material. The cartridge can be used for a horticulture system and may comprise a plant growth control material that can be used for a specific type of plant or during a specific growth stage.

The cartridge can be configured such that the plant growth control material can migrate into the horticulture system, and reach a seed (herein also indicated as“plant seed”) or a plant.

The cartridge can be configured such that the plant growth control material can migrate within the cartridge, such as in embodiments wherein the cartridge also comprises a seed for a plant or a plant.

Migration of the plant growth control material may especially be imposed by migration of a liquid, especially an aqueous liquid, such as water. Hence, especially the plant growth control material is comprised by the cartridge such that under a controlled exposure with a liquid an amount and/or a location of a release of the plant growth control material is controllable.

The cartridge may further comprise a part or compartment for receiving one or more of a substrate, a plant seed and a plant. Such part or compartment may be separate from and not include the plant growth control material. In embodiments, the cartridge is adapted to enable a controlled exposure of one or more of the substrate, the plant seed and the plant to liquid independently from a controlled exposure of the plant growth control material to liquid.

The cartridge may also comprise two or more plant growth control materials. These two or more plant growth materials may be different. However, the plant growth control material may also be the same. Especially, when two or more plant growth control materials are available in the cartridge, these are configured spatially separate from each other, such as in separate parts, like in separate compartments of the cartridge.

The two or more plant growth control materials may be configured such that under a controlled exposure with a liquid an amount and/or a location of a release of the plant growth control materials is controllable, which may even include a sequential release and/or a spatially separated release.

With a sequential release of the plant growth control materials the plant may receive different concentrations and/or different types of plant growth control materials at different times. In this way, dependent upon the growth stage of the plant, or dependent upon other parameters, the growth can be optimized, can be sped up, may be delayed, etc..

As indicated above, especially the cartridge at least includes a plant growth control material. The plant growth control material especially comprises a plant nutrient (“nutrient”), a plant fertilizer (“fertilizer”), a plant growth promotor (“promotor”), or a plant growth inhibitor (“inhibitor”).

The term“plant growth control material” may also refer to a combination of two or more different plant growth control materials, such as mixture of two or more different plant fertilizers, or a mixture of a fertilizer and a plant growth promotor. In general, the inhibitor is not combined with any of the other plant growth control materials. Any of the plant growth control materials may be available in combination with a substrate. The plant growth control material, optionally in combination with one or more other materials with which it may intimately be available, like mixed and/or dissolved, is especially available as solid or viscous material.

Upon contact with a predefined liquid, especially an aqueous liquid, such as water, the plant growth control material may migrate with the migration of the liquid.

The term“substrate” may especially refer to one or more of peat (sphagnum / peat moss), Cocos, perlite, sand, clay, compost, bark, pumice, etc.. Alternatively or additionally, the substrate may comprise polylactic acid.

The term“plant nutrient” especially refers to - as indicated by the N.C.

Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services - mineral nutrients, which come from the soil, are dissolved in water and absorbed through a plant's roots. The mineral nutrients are divided into two groups: macronutrients and micronutrients. Macronutrients can be broken into two more groups: primary and secondary nutrients. The primary nutrients are nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K). These major nutrients usually are lacking from the soil first because plants use large amounts for their growth and survival. The secondary nutrients are calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and sulfur (S). There are usually enough of these nutrients in the soil so fertilization is not always needed. Also, large amounts of calcium and magnesium are added when lime is applied to acidic soils. Sulfur is usually found in sufficient amounts from the slow decomposition of soil organic matter, an important reason for not throwing out grass clippings and leaves. Micronutrients are those elements essential for plant growth which are needed in only very small (micro) quantities . These elements are sometimes called minor elements or trace elements, but use of the term micronutrient is encouraged by the American Society of Agronomy and the Soil Science Society of America. The micronutrients are boron (B), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), chloride (Cl), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo) and zinc (Zn). Recycling organic matter such as grass clippings and tree leaves is an excellent way of providing micronutrients (as well as macronutrients) to growing plants. The term“plant fertilizer” especially refers to - as can be found on the internet - materials that enhance the growth of plants. This goal may be met in two ways, the traditional one being additives that provide nutrients. The second mode by which some fertilizers act is to enhance the effectiveness of the soil by modifying its water retention and aeration. Fertilizers typically provide one or more of three main macronutrients nitrogen (N) (for leaf growth), phosphorus (P) (development of roots, flowers, seeds, fruit), and potassium (K) (strong stem growth, movement of water in plants, promotion of flowering and fruiting). Plant fertilizers may include one or more of single nutrient fertilizers, like ammonium nitrate or calcium ammonium nitrate, multinutrient fertilizers, like binary fertilizers, such as NP, NK or PH fertilizer, like monoammonium phosphate (MAP) or diammonium phosphate (DAP), or NPK fertilizers, that may include nitrogen, potassium, and phosphor (such as 10-10-10 or 16-4-8, according to the N-P-K convention) in different relative amounts.

The term“plant growth promotor” especially refers to bacteria, hormones, penicillin, or other material etc., that increases the plant health and/or substrate health or reduces the chance on an illness of the plant plant growth promotors are especially substances that may improve the overall health and/or growth of the plant.

The term“plant growth inhibitor” especially refers to substances that retard the growth of plants (suppress the opening of buds, germination of seeds, and growth of the stem, etc.). Among the natural growth inhibitors are phenolic compounds (coumarin and its derivatives, salicylic acid, naringenin) and terpenoid compounds (abscisic acid and its analogs). Growth inhibitors are capable of suppressing the stimulatory effect of all known phytohormones on growth processes. Synthetic growth inhibitors are used to treat plants for the purpose of retarding their growth; they include antagonists to auxin transport (tri- iodobenzoic acid, dichloranisol, naphthylmethylpropionic acid), retardants that suppress stem growth, morphactins that disrupt morphogenesis (fluorenol, chlorfluorenol), and paralyzers (maleic hydrazide, sodium salt of maleic hydrazide).

The plant growth control material may also comprise one or more of a plant hormone, for e.g. preparing the plant for immanent harvesting, or for preparing for preservation after harvesting. The plant growth control material may also comprise a late stage modification additive. The hormones or additives may also be considered a plant growth promotor or a plant growth inhibitor.

In specific embodiments, the cartridge may comprise a seed or a seed for a plant. Such seed or plant may be available in a part of the cartridge, and may e.g. be embedded or rooted in a substrate. Such part of the cartridge may e.g. (also) comprise a plant growth control material, though in embodiments not an inhibitor. The plant growth control material and substrate may e.g. be mixed.

The term“seed” or the term“plant” may also refer to a seedling. The term “seed” may also refer to a germ (for a plant). The term“seed” or the term“plant” may also refer to a plurality of (different) seeds or a plurality of (different) plants, respectively. Hence, a part, such as a compartment of the cartridge, may include a plurality of seeds and/or a plurality of plants. In general, would both seeds or plants be available, - in the same part - then either the majority of the seeds are in the seed stage, and there are essentially no plants, or the majority of the seeds have seeded, and essentially only plants are available.

Would a plurality of (different) seeds be available, e.g. (different) growth promotors in different parts of the cartridge may be used to start the growth of specific seeds (in specific parts of the cartridge).

In embodiments the cartridge comprises a part without a seed or a plant, but with at least the plant growth control material. As indicated above, this may also refer to a plurality of (different) plant growth control materials.

Such cartridge may be used to release the plant growth control material to a plant or a seed within the horticulture stage, but outside the cartridge.

However, such cartridge may alternatively (or even additionally in embodiments) be used to release the plant growth control material to a plant or a seed within the same cartridge (but configured at another part of the cartridge).

Hence, in specific embodiments, the cartridge comprises two or more

(separate(d)) parts, wherein a first part comprises one or more of (a) a first material, (b) a plant seed, and (c) a plant, wherein a second part comprises a second material, wherein the second part especially does not comprise a plant seed or a plant.

Especially, the second material and optionally the first material comprises a plant growth control material independently selected from the group consisting of a plant nutrient, a plant fertilizer, a plant growth promotor, and a plant growth inhibitor.

The phrase“independently selected from the group consisting” especially indicates that the first material can be the same or different from the second material. Note that the second material is available in this embodiment of the cartridge, whereas the first material may be available in the cartridge. This phrase, however, does not imply that the first material and the second material are arbitrarily chosen. The materials may be chosen such, that different stages of a plant may be (sequentially) addressed and/or other parameters (like based on speeding up or delaying growth) can be met. Note that the fact that in these embodiments two parts are available, does not imply that only two parts are available. There may thus also be more parts available, such as three, or four, or even more. Further, especially there may be more than one second part, such as two or more second parts comprising different plant growth control materials and/or comprising (different) plant growth control materials at different locations, such as at different heights (of the cartridge) or in different compartments.

The term“part” may in embodiments refer to a compartment. Further, in embodiments the term“part” may also refer to a plurality of parts, such as a plurality of compartments. Hence, there may e.g. be two or more second parts, wherein each part comprises a compartment, and wherein the two or more compartments comprise different plant growth control materials.

Especially, the plant growth control material is comprised by the cartridge such that under a controlled exposure with a liquid an amount and/or a location of a release of the plant growth control material is controllable.

As indicated above, the liquid may impose migration of the plant growth control material. Instead of the term“migration” also the term“transport” may be used.

In prior art solutions, upon arrangement of the material, there is basically only fixed configuration, which leads to a constant exposure to e.g. fertilizer material, even when such material would be gradually released. No real control is possible.

With the present invention, it may be possible to controllably expose the cartridge to the liquid, which leads to a controlled release of the plant growth control material. When (the relevant part of) the cartridge is not exposed anymore to the liquid, the release also essentially is inhibited.

Further, with the present invention it may be possible to block or unblock liquid migration channels. Also in this way, the release may be controlled in amount and/or location. Unblocking may be done by mechanical means, such as opening an inlet for liquid or by punching a barrier. Unblocking may be done by optical means, such as by burning a hole in a barrier.

The location of the release of the plant growth control material may be controlled by the arrangement of the plant growth control material in the cartridge, such as vertically arranged parts or different (vertically arranged) compartments.

The amount may be controlled by controlling the time the relevant part of the cartridge is exposed to the liquid. For instance, the cartridge may include a plurality of parts with plant growth control material(s), which individually can be addressed with the fluid. In this way, at the desired time and with the desired amount, the plant or seed in the cartridge, or the plant or seed external from the cartridge, may be exposed to the plant growth control material.

In embodiments, this may be achieved with plant growth control material behind a barrier, especially (different) plant growth control materials behind (different) barriers.

Alternatively or additionally, this may be achieved with plant growth control material that is configured at a predetermined height, especially (different) plant growth control materials configured at different heights over the cartridge.

Alternatively or additionally, this may be achieved with plant growth control material in a compartment with an opening or a battier that is configured at a predetermined height, especially (different) plant growth control materials in different compartments with openings or barriers configured at different heights over the cartridge.

The term“different barriers” may refer to barriers having different properties. This may refer to barriers that are chemically or physically different, including different in thickness or length, etc.. In this way, different releases in terms of time and/or amount may (also) be achieved.

Hence, in embodiments the cartridge may comprise a first barrier between the first part and the second part, wherein the first barrier is one or more of (i) permeable for a liquid, (ii) solvable by a liquid, (iii) perforable, and (iv) at least partly removable.

For instance, there may be a barrier between a first part, such as a compartment, comprising a seed or a plant, which may additionally also include plant growth control material, and a second part comprising plant growth control material. The latter plant growth control material may be released in a controllable way.

This may include e.g. exposing the second part to the liquid, whereby the plant growth control material may migrate to the first part via the permeable barrier. Optionally, the barrier is semi-impermeable, and allows e.g. only migration of the plant growth control material to the first part.

Alternatively or additionally this may include exposing the second part and the barrier to the liquid, whereby the barrier may at least partly dissolve by which the plant growth control material may migrate to the first part.

Alternatively or additionally this may include creating one or more holes (in)to the barrier and exposing the second part (and/or the first part) to the liquid, whereby the plant growth control material may migrate via the one or more holes in the first barrier to the first part.

Alternatively or additionally this may include removing at least part of the barrier, such as a valve or shutter, and exposing the second part (and/or the first part) to liquid, whereby the plant growth control material may migrate to the first part.

As indicated above, this may also apply when two or more different parts include (different) plant growth control materials.

The first barrier is especially configured in physical contact with a seed or with a root of a plant or with a substrate for the seed or root of a plant. In this way, when the barrier is at least partly removed or when liquid penetrates through the barrier, etc., plant growth control material may reach the seed or root.

Hence, especially each part, such as each compartment, is in physical contact (optionally with a first barrier or second barrier configured in between), with a seed or with a root of a plant or with a substrate for the seed or root of a plant.

The phrase“comprising a seed” and similar phrases may indicate embodiments wherein the cartridge is available with a seed. However, during growth, the seed may of course grow into a plant.

The plant growth control material may be used for internal use, especially when the cartridge includes also a seed for a plant or the plant. However, in embodiments the cartridge may also be used in a horticulture system wherein the seed and/or the plant are within the horticulture stage, but not within the same cartridge. The seed and/or plant may be not in cartridge, or they may be in other cartridges. For instance, the plants may be in containers, such as (state of the art) pots or bins.

For instance, in embodiments the cartridge may comprise a second barrier at least partly enclosing the first material or the second material, wherein the second barrier is one or more of (i) permeable for a liquid, (ii) solvable by a liquid, (iii) perforable, and (iv) at least partly removable.

For instance, there may be a barrier between a first part, such as a compartment, comprising a seed or a plant, which may additionally also include plant growth control material, and a second part comprising plant growth control material.

Such embodiments are also discussed above in relation to the first barrier. However, alternatively or additionally, there may be a second barrier between the part (be it the first part or the second part) with the external of the cartridge. The plant growth control material behind such second barrier may also be released in a controllable way. This may include e.g. exposing the plant growth control material behind such second barrier and/or the second barrier to the liquid, by which the plant growth control material may migrate via the permeable second barrier to the external of the cartridge (or another part of the cartridge). Optionally, the second barrier is semi-impermeable, and allows e.g. only migration of the plant growth control material to the external of the cartridge (or another part of the cartridge).

Alternatively or additionally this may include exposing the plant growth control material behind such second barrier and/or the second barrier to the liquid, whereby the second barrier may at least partly dissolve, whereby the plant growth control material may migrate via the permeable second barrier to the external of the cartridge (or another part of the cartridge).

Alternatively or additionally this may include creating one or more holes (in)to the second barrier and exposing the plant growth control material behind such second barrier and/or the second barrier to the liquid, whereby the plant growth control material may migrate via the one or more holes in the second barrier to the external of the cartridge (or another part of the cartridge).

Alternatively or additionally this may include removing at least part of the second barrier, such as a valve or shutter, and exposing the plant growth control material behind such second barrier and/or the second barrier to the liquid, whereby the plant growth control material may migrate to the external of the cartridge (or another part of the cartridge).

As indicated above, this may also apply when two or more different parts include (different) plant growth control materials.

In embodiments, the second barrier may include a coating that (gradually) dissolves when in contact with the liquid. In embodiments, the plant growth control material may be provided as particulate material that is coated with the coating. Alternatively or additionally, the plant growth control material may be provided as multi-layer, which

(gradually) (layer after layer) dissolves when in contact with the liquid.

Alternatively or additionally, especially the plant growth control material may be provided as layer on the barrier or the barrier as layer on the plant growth control material, wherein the barrier is one or more of (i) permeable for a liquid, (ii) solvable by a liquid, and (iii) perforable. For instance, in embodiments the plant growth control material and barrier may be provided as stack of plant growth control material and barrier (coating).

The plant growth control material may be available in different parts, especially separated parts. The same plant growth control materials may be available in different parts, and different plant growth control materials may be available in different parts. The plant growth control material(s) may be available in the same way, or in different ways.

In embodiments, the plant growth control materials in different parts may all be coated with the same coating material. In embodiments, the plant growth control materials in different parts may all be coated with the same coating material, but with different thicknesses. In embodiments, the plant growth control materials in different parts may all be coated with different coating materials.

In embodiments, a plant growth material may be contained in a compartment as particulate material, and another plant growth material may be available as particulate material on a substrate. In embodiments, a plant growth material may be contained in a compartment as particulate material, and another plant growth material may be available as particulate material in another compartment.

In embodiments, one or more plant growth materials may be available at different parts, wherein the parts are configured at different heights (see also above).

In embodiments a plant growth control material may be available as particulate material and another plant growth control material may be available as coating.

Other embodiments may also be possible, and combinations of embodiments may also be possible.

The term height of the cartridge especially refers to the height the cartridge has when configured in an operable arrangement.

Applying the plant growth control material at a predetermined height may allow controlling e.g. the position of the plant growth material relative to a liquid level.

For instance, the plant growth control material may not be configured at the bottom of the cartridge. During operation, the cartridge may at a predetermined moment be lowered such (or the liquid level be increased) that the plant growth control material or its (direct) surrounding gets into contact with the liquid. Due to the migration of the liquid, the plant growth control material may migrate to another part of the cartridge or to the external of the cartridge, depending upon the types of embodiments of the cartridge.

For instance, the plant growth control material may be configured at a top of the cartridge, wherein especially the cartridge includes also the seed or the plant. During operation, plant growth control material or its (direct) surrounding may at a predetermined moment be contacted with the liquid. Due to the migration of the liquid, the plant growth control material may migrate to another part of the cartridge or to the external of the cartridge, depending upon the types of embodiments of the cartridge.

As indicated above, this may also apply when two or more different parts include (different) plant growth control materials. For instance, in embodiments, the first part and the second part may be configured at the same height (especially their bottom surfaces may be essentially at the same height).

Alternatively or additionally, a plurality of second parts may be configured at the same heights. For instance, at the top of the cartridge, a plurality of second parts, such as second compartments, may be provided.

During operation, plant growth control materials or their (direct) surroundings may at (respective) predetermined moments be contacted with the liquid. Due to the migration of the liquid, the plant growth control materials may migrate to another part of the cartridge or to the external of the cartridge, depending upon the types of embodiments of the cartridge.

In specific embodiments of the cartridge, the cartridge comprises a seed or a plant and at least two different plant growth control materials, wherein the at least two different plant growth control materials are configured at essentially the same heights, but at different parts, or wherein the at least two different plant growth control materials are configured in compartments with respective inlets for the liquid, with the respective inlets configured at different heights (though in specific embodiments, see also below, the respective inlets may be at the same height).

Plant growth control materials may also be configured at different heights.

Therefore, in embodiments, the cartridge has a total height (h) wherein at least one plant growth control material is configured at different heights within the range of the total height (h). Hence, the same type of plant growth control material may be configured at different heights and/or different types of plant growth control material may be configured at different heights. For instance, in embodiments a plurality of second parts may be configured at the different heights. For instance, different parts, may be configured at different heights. For instance, in embodiments the first part or the second part may be configured at different heights. Alternatively or additionally, a plurality of second parts may be configured at different heights.

During operation, plant growth control materials or their (direct) surroundings may at (respective) predetermined moments be contacted with the liquid. Due to the migration of the liquid, the plant growth control materials may migrate to another part of the cartridge or to the external of the cartridge, depending upon the types of embodiments of the cartridge.

In specific embodiments of the cartridge, the cartridge comprises a seed or a plant and at least two different plant growth control materials, wherein the at least two different plant growth control materials are configured at different heights, or wherein the at least two different plant growth control materials are configured in compartments with respective inlets for the liquid, with the respective inlets configured at different heights (though in specific embodiments, see also below, the respective inlets may be at the same height).

A controlled exposure to the liquid and using differences in height may be applied in combination with controlling the liquid level and the cartridge relative to each other.

As indicated above, an amount and/or a location of a release of the plant growth control material is controllable.

In embodiments, the amount may be controllable by the time the plant growth control material is exposed to the liquid. For instance, more material can be released during a longer exposure time that during a shorter exposure time.

In embodiments, it may be possible to expose the plant growth control material non-permanently to the liquid. For instance, the amount of liquid to which the plant growth control material is exposed may be dosed. In embodiments, e.g. with regular intervals, such as daily, the plant growth control material may be exposed during a predetermined period, e.g. a few minutes up to a few hours, to the liquid. Based on the (elapsed) time, the amount of plant growth control material that is released may be controlled.

The amount of plant growth control material released may thus be controlled by the amount of liquid provided and/or the (elapsedO time the plant growth control material is exposed to the liquid.

The amount may thus also be controlled by e.g. controlling the number of openings in a (first or second) barrier, or in other ways the permeability of the barrier may be controlled.

The amount may also be controlled e.g. by providing different layers of materials with different thicknesses at different locations.

Different (other) possibilities for controlling the amount of plant growth control material that is released are (also) herein described. The location may be controlled by controlling the location where the plant growth control material is provided. This may refer to a height in the cartridge, but plant growth control material may also be provided at different locations in the same plane.

This may also refer to openings in e.g. compartments, which may be located at different heights.

Different (other) possibilities for controlling the location of plant growth control material that is released are (also) herein described.

The phrase“wherein the plant growth control material is available at different locations” may refer to the same type of plant growth control material at different locations (in the cartridge), and/or may refer to different types of plant growth control materials at different locations. Different locations may be neighboring or may not be neighboring.

The plant growth control material being available at different locations is especially available within the cartridge. For instance the different locations may be the two or more parts. Hence, the phrase“is available at different locations” may also refer to being available at different locations comprised by the cartridge, such as within the cartridge.

The term“different locations” may also refer to two or more different first parts or two or more different second parts. The term“different locations” may also refer to different plant growth control materials at different heights in the same compartment, such as a compartment comprising two or more parts.

The at least two parts as defined herein, especially provide different locations.

In embodiments, the cartridge comprises at least two parts, each with plant growth control material, for controlling timing of the exposure with the liquid. One of the parts may release the plant growth control material later than another part, dependent upon activation with liquid.

The term“first part” may also refer to a plurality of different first part, with the same or with different materials, which first parts may be configured in different locations (comprised the cartridge).

The term“second part” may also refer to a plurality of different second part, with the same or with different materials, which second parts may be configured in different locations (within the cartridge).

Note that the first part may at least partially enclose the first part, or the first part may in embodiments at least partially enclose the second part.

Different parts, especially spatially different configured parts, may (be configured to) have different releasabilities of the plant growth control material. Different parts may be spatially separate by each other with one or more of a barrier (such as the first or the second barrier), a wall, and substrate, etc.. Different parts may be directly adjacent, but especially differ in composition, such as different plant growth control materials. In embodiments, different parts may be directly adjacent, but especially differ in weight percentage of the plant growth control materials.

Parts may especially have a volume of at least 0.1 cm ³ , such as selected from the range of 0.1-1000 cm ³ , like 0.5-200 cm ³ , such as at least 1 cm ³ . Larger volumes than 1 liter may also be possible. Hence, a container may especially have a volume of at least 0.1 cm ³ , such as at least 0.5 cm ³ , like at least 1 cm ³ .

The plant growth control material may also be provided as coating to a wall of the cartridge. The plant growth control material may also be provided as a plurality of different coating to a wall of the cartridge. The plant growth control material may also be provided as multilayer coating to a wall of the cartridge. Different plant growth control materials may be provided as individual coatings on parts of the wall of the cartridge, or may be provided as multi-layer coating(s) to a wall of the cartridge.

By controlling the time the (multi)laycr is exposed to liquid, the plant growth control material may be released. In this way, the timing, such as the moment as well as the total time (per exposure), may be controlled, and thus the amount may be controlled. Layer by layer, the plant growth control material(s) may be released.

Hence, the term“layer” may also refer to a multi-layer, wherein the multi layers may be layers of the same material or layers of two or more different layers.

The layers may be provided as spatially different layers, such as a layer at another height than another layer. Different layers, especially spatially different configured layers, may have different releasabilities of the plant growth control material. The term “releasability” especially refers to the ability to release material, such as may be the case due to one or more of different concentrations, different solubilities (for the liquid), different coatings (such as provided by a barrier such as defined herein), etc..

In embodiments, the cartridge comprises an element that has capillary functionality. For instance, a wall or a compartment wall, or another element may consist of material having capillary functionality. For instance, this may be used to provide liquid, especially water, to the seed or plant. In addition, there may be one or more parts, such as one or more compartments, that may be exposed to liquid via another way, to release the plant growth control material. The other way may e.g. include an inlet of a compartment that is submerged in the liquid under the liquid level, punching or piercing of a first or second membrane, etc..

Hence, the cartridge may in embodiments consist of at least two different materials, of which, in embodiments, one comprises capillary functionality and another one does essentially not have a capillary functionality. The former may e.g. be a porous liquid absorbing material, such as carton, the latter may be a polymeric material, such as PE or PP or PC.

Especially, the controlled exposure may be achieved by a controlled supply of the liquid. The supply of the liquid may be controlled at a predetermined part, or at predetermined parts. The liquid supply of the liquid may be controlled at a predetermined time (including during a predetermined period), or at predetermined moment times (including during predetermined periods). Hence, when the supply of liquid is terminated, further release of the plant growth control material may essentially terminate.

A controlled supply of the liquid may include the use of a pump for supplying the liquid.

Note that there may thus be different supplies of liquid. For instance, there may be different supplies to different parts.

In embodiments there may be an essentially permanent supply of liquid to the first part, especially when the first part comprises the seed or plant. The supply may in embodiments be provided from above the cartridge, such as by one or more of spraying, dripping and watering. Alternatively or additionally, the supply may be from beneath, such as when the substrate wherein the plant or seed is available, is kept humid, and the seed, or the roots of the plant, may derive water from the substrate. In embodiments, the plant may have its roots in a liquid, such as in the case of hydroponics.

However, the supply of liquid may also be provided during specific periods.

For control of the release of the plant growth control material, especially liquid may be supplied during specific periods, as in such a way the release of the plant growth control material can be controlled. The supply of such liquid may also be at a specific predetermined position, such as at one part, or at specific predetermined positions, such as at a plurality of parts (sequentially), to control the release of the plant growth control material(s) at different positions (and different times).

Hence, in embodiments there may be at least two supplies of liquid, wherein a first supply may be permanent and wherein one or more second supplies of liquid may be used to provide the controlled release of the plant growth control material. During use of the horticulture system or during executing the growth method, the composition of the liquid may be changed. For instance, in embodiments, the liquid may comprise water and optionally during one or more time periods may comprise one or more plant growth control materials. As there may be different supplies of liquid, these liquids may differ in compositions.

In specific embodiments, all liquid that is used is essentially from the tap. In further embodiments, all liquid is from the tap but is acidified or includes alkali for controlling the pH. In yet further embodiments, the liquid is essentially demineralized water.

A part may include plant growth control material separated from another part and/or the external with a barrier. Such barrier may in embodiments also be removable (see also above).

Alternatively or additionally, the cartridge may in embodiments comprise an inlet element comprising an inlet functionally connectable to an external source of liquid.

The terms“inlet” or“inlet element” may also refer to a plurality of (different) inlets or inlet elements, respectively. In this way, exposure with the liquid may be even better controlled. Hence, a single part may be configured to receive liquid from a plurality of inlets. Alternatively or additionally, a plurality of parts may each be configured to receive liquid from one or more inlets.

As indicated above, the cartridge may include one or more compartments.

Such compartments may provide the first and/or the second part.

The parts, such as compartments, are especially separated from each other, either via permanent barrier, or, as indicated above, by a barrier that is one or more of (i) permeable for a liquid, (ii) solvable by a liquid, (iii) perforable, and (iv) at least partly removable.

Hence, when a compartment is available, the above indicated inlet element may be comprised by the compartment, such as by a compartment wall. Therefore, in embodiments the cartridge comprises a compartment for the first material or the second material, wherein the compartment comprises the inlet element comprising the inlet functionally connectable to an external source of liquid.

Hence, the inlet (or inlets) may be in fluid connection with the external source of liquid. This external source of liquid may be comprised by the horticulture system and/or may be configured external of the horticulture system. In the latter embodiment, the horticulture system may be functionally coupled with an external source of liquid. The terms“inlet” or“inlet element” may also refer to a plurality of (different) inlets or inlet elements, respectively. In this way, exposure with the liquid may be even better controlled. Hence, a single part may be configured to receive liquid from a plurality of inlets. Alternatively or additionally, a plurality of parts may each be configured to receive liquid from one or more inlets.

In embodiments, controlling of the exposure to the liquid may thus include controlling the supply of the liquid to the inlet.

The control of the supply of the liquid may be executed with a control system, see also below.

The inlet element may essentially consist of the inlet. The inlet element may optionally further comprise one or more means for facilitating functional coupling to the source of liquid. Such one or more means may include one or more of a connector for a tube, a tube, etc..

The inlet element may at least partially be comprised by a cartridge wall. In embodiments, see also below, the inlet element may be partially comprised by a compartment wall.

As indicated above, a controlled supply of the liquid may include the use of a pump for supplying the liquid. When using inlet elements that are in fluid contact with such pump and wherein the flow of liquid to the inlet can be controlled, it may not be necessary to have those inlets at different heights, would there be a plurality of inlets.

As indicated above, the cartridge may in embodiments include a single part with plant growth control material.

Alternatively, in embodiments the cartridge comprises a single part with a seed or a plant. In further embodiments, such single part may comprise essentially no plant growth control material. Of course, during operation this may change, as the seed or plant may be exposed to plant growth control material, especially at a predetermined time or at predetermined times. Hence, the invention provides (in an aspect) also a cartridge including only a first part (or a second part).

Especially, however, the cartridge comprises at least two parts, wherein at least one part comprises plant growth control material, and wherein the other part may comprise plant growth control material. Even more especially, the cartridge may comprise at least two parts, wherein at least one part comprises plant growth control material, and wherein the other part comprises at least a seed or a plant. Hence, in specific embodiments wherein the second part especially does not comprise a plant seed or a plant, the first part does comprise a plant seed or a plant.

Even more especially, the invention provides an embodiment of the cartridge comprising a seed or a plant and at least two different plant growth control materials. The at least two different plant growth control materials may be configured in at least two parts, respectively. In such embodiments, in the first part plant growth control material may be available, including a seed or a plant.

The cartridges as defined herein are especially described before application for a horticulture system. During operation of the horticulture system with a cartridge functionally coupled thereto, or during execution of a horticulture method, wherein the cartridge is applied, the contents of the cartridge may of course change over time, due to e.g. one or more of growing of the seed in a plant, further growing of the plant, change of a plant form one growth phase to the other, migration of plant growth control material within the cartridge, from external into the cartridge, from the cartridge to the external, inflow of liquid, outflow of liquid, and evaporation of liquid, etc. etc..

The cartridge may include a recognition element, such as a bar code or a QR code, or other recognition elements, such as an RF ID element. Such recognition element may include information about the type of plant or seed. Alternatively or additionally, such recognition element may include information about the plant growth control material(s) included in the cartridge. Alternatively or additionally, such recognition element may include information about the type of cartridge. Alternatively or additionally, such recognition element may include information or refer to information about horticulture conditions. Yet alternatively or additionally, such recognition element may be unique, such that each cartridge can be recognized.

The recognition element may include an embedded sensing functionality, such as e.g. a temperature sensor, a chemical sensor to e.g. measure ions, pH, ..., a humidity sensor, etc. Also a timer element might be added, that might be activated/started when coming in contact with liquid or when activated by an external trigger via an RF signal. Captured data might be provided in a feedback loop to the horticulture system for optimizing or changing the operation, e.g. for keeping to the expected‘ready for harvest’ timing.

Recognition elements may be used by a horticulture system or in a growing method to recognize cartridges, to choose cartridge, to execute the growing method, including adapting plant growing conditions such as light, temperature, liquid, plant growth control material, etc., to move cartridges to specific conditions, etc., see also below. In yet a further aspect, the invention also provides a cartridge comprising one or more (separate(d)) parts, wherein a first part comprises one or more of a plant seed and optionally a first material, wherein an optional second part comprises a second material, but not a plant seed or a plant, wherein the (optional) first material and the (optional) second material comprise a plant growth control material independently selected from the group consisting of a plant nutrient, a plant fertilizer, a plant growth promotor, and a plant growth inhibitor, wherein the plant seed is comprised by the cartridge such that under a controlled exposure with a fluid (a liquid and/or a gas) or photons or other actor the seed starts developing into a next stage (especially seedling or plant). For instance, by a controlled exposure to liquid, or a controlled exposure to photons, or e.g. a controlled electric pulse, the seed may germ and grow into a seedling and later a plant. Especially, the seed is available in a substrate, though such, that access by the fluid, or the photons (such as via a fiber), or the electric pulse. For instance, in embodiments the controlled exposure to photons may be provided with a coherent light source, such as a laser. Hence, in embodiments a laser may be applied to initiate a growth process, such as germination. The laser may e.g. be an infrared laser.

Alternatively or additionally, a light source may be used to control the release of the plant growth control material. For instance, a plant growth control material may be melted by irradiation with light of a light source. The melted material may come into contact with the roots and/or seed. Alternatively or additionally, the plant growth control material may be behind a (first or second) barrier. With the light, a hole may be created in the barrier and/or the barrier may be melted. For instance, the barrier may include a relative low temperature melting material, like a wax. As light source for such applications, especially a coherent light source, such as a laser, is applied.

Note that a light source that is used for initiating release of the plant growth control material and/or for e.g. starting germination will in general be another light source than a light source that is configured to provide horticulture light.

In an aspect, the invention provides a horticulture system comprising a horticulture stage and a control system. The control system is especially configured to control the horticulture system and/or elements comprised by the horticulture system and/or elements functionally coupled to the horticulture system.

As indicated above, the horticulture system comprises a horticulture stage. The horticulture stage is especially configured for growing a plant. In embodiments, the horticulture stage comprises an element, such as a plate, on which soil or other substrate for plants may be configured, such as e.g. a bin or a container. In the substrate, a seed or a plant may be available.

In embodiments, the horticulture stage comprises an element, such as a plate, on which cartridges can be arranged on which the cartridges may be moved, such as by sliding.

In embodiments, the horticulture stage comprises an element, such as a bin or a container, in which a liquid, especially an aqueous liquid, even more especially water, may be configured. In such embodiments, during use the liquid may be contained in the element, and the liquid has a liquid level. In embodiments, the roots of a plant may at least partly in the liquid. Alternatively or additionally, in embodiments the seed or plant at in a separate element, such as the herein described cartridge, and may be configured or configurable in the liquid. For instance, the position of the element and the liquid level relative to each other may be controlled. In such embodiments, dependent upon e.g. the growth stage or other parameters, there may be no contact with the liquid, there may be temporary, such as during one or more separate time periods, or the contact may be over essentially the entire time the plant is within the horticulture stage. As indicated above, applying the plant growth control material at a predetermined height may allow controlling e.g. the position of the plant growth material relative to a liquid level.

In embodiments the term“horticulture” may (thus) refer to a method wherein a solid substrate is used, such as soil, but may also refer to a method wherein the roots essentially grow in the liquid. Therefore, the term“horticulture” may in embodiments also refer to hydroponics.

The term“horticulture stage” may also refer to a plurality of (different) horticulture stages. For instance, the term“horticulture stage” may in embodiments refer to vertical farming. In such embodiments, vertically stacked elements, such as plates, bins, containers, etc., may be used. In such embodiments, the term“horticulture stage” may refer to a vertical arrangement comprising (vertically) stacked horticulture stages.

Especially, the horticulture stage (for growing a plant), is configured to be functionally coupled to the cartridge as defined herein. Further, especially the horticulture stage (for growing a plant) is configured to include a plant or a seed for a plant.

Hence, in specific embodiments the horticulture stage (for growing a plant) is functionally coupled to the cartridge as defined herein. Further, in specific embodiments the horticulture stage (for growing a plant) includes a plant or a seed for a plant. Especially, the horticulture stage (for growing a plant) is configured such that - during at least part of an operation time of the horticulture system - the horticulture stage is functionally coupled to the cartridge.

The phrase“the horticulture stage is functionally coupled to the cartridge” and similar phrases may indicate in embodiments that the cartridge is comprised by the horticulture stage. Alternatively or additionally, the cartridge may be external from the horticulture stage, but via a flow element plant growth control material of the cartridge may flow into the horticulture stage. Especially, however, the cartridge is comprised by the horticulture stage.

The cartridge may be contained in a cartridge receiver. Especially, the cartridge may thus be configured replaceable in the horticulture system, such as in the cartridge receiver. Therefore, in embodiments the horticulture system further comprises a cartridge receiver configured to host the cartridge. The cartridge receiver may have a shape corresponding to the cartridge. The cartridge holder may be configured such, or the cartridge holder and system may be configured such, that when the cartridge is configured in the cartridge holder, there is some space between the cartridge and cartridge holder.

In embodiments, the cartridge holder may be able to contain a liquid. Hence, in embodiments wherein the cartridge holder may be configured such, or the cartridge holder and system may be configured such, that when the cartridge is configured in the cartridge holder there is some space between the cartridge and cartridge holder, such space may contain the liquid. For instance, during operation of the system or during execution of the method, such space may temporarily or essentially permanently contain liquid. This liquid may be used to control the release of the plant growth control material. However, such liquid may also be used for the seed or plant, while using liquid at another location for the release of the plant growth control material.

As indicated above, the horticulture stage may include (during use) a plurality of (different) cartridges. Alternatively or additionally, the horticulture stage may comprise (during use) a plurality of plants. Alternatively or additionally, the horticulture stage may comprise (during use) a plurality of seeds.

The horticulture system further comprises a control system. Especially, the control system is configured to control transport of the plant growth control material.

The phrase“configured to control transport of the plant growth control material” and similar phrases may in embodiments mean controlling the transport of the plant growth control material within the cartridge. Alternatively or additionally, this may in embodiments mean controlling the transport of the plant growth control material out of the cartridge. Yet alternatively or additionally, this may in embodiments mean controlling the transport of the plant growth control material from external of the cartridge into the cartridge.

The control transport of the plant growth control material may be achieved by controlling the location of the exposure, the amount of exposure, and the timing of the exposure of the plant growth control material with the liquid. The control of the location may especially be relevant when the same plant growth control material and/or when different plant growth control materials are configured at different locations. As indicated above, in embodiment the plant growth control material is available at different locations. The control of the amount may refer the amount of liquid to which the plant growth control material is exposed. For instance, a surplus of liquid may release all plant growth control material (at the location where the liquid is provided), whereas a deficiency of liquid will not release all plant growth control material (at the location where the liquid is provided). In the latter

embodiment, the plant growth control material may be released at another time, if desired. Timing and amount may in embodiments be related. The“timing” may refer to the starting time and/or the end time of exposure with the liquid. The term“timing” may also refer to the elapsed time, e.g. the time a liquid flows along a plant growth control material coating may control the amount the plant growth control material is released.

Alternatively or additionally, the control system may be configured to control other elements of the horticulture system, which elements may be permanently or temporarily be within the horticulture system, especially the horticulture stage.

The term“controlling” and similar terms especially refer at least to determining the behavior or supervising the running of an element (here the horticulture system or one or more elements thereof). Hence, herein“controlling” and similar terms may e.g. refer to imposing behavior to the element (determining the behavior or supervising the running of an element), etc., such as e.g. measuring, displaying, actuating, opening, shifting, changing temperature, etc.. Beyond that, the term“controlling” and similar terms may additionally include monitoring. Hence, the term“controlling” and similar terms may include imposing behavior on an element and also imposing behavior on an element and monitoring the element.

The controlling of the element can be done with a control system, which may also be indicated as“controller”. The control system and the element may thus at least temporarily, or permanently, functionally be coupled. The element may comprise the control system. In embodiments, the control system and element may not be physically coupled. Control can be done via wired and/or wireless control. The term“control system” may also refer to a plurality of different control systems, which especially are functionally coupled, and of which e.g. one control system may be a master control system and one or more others may be slave control systems. A control system may comprise or may be functionally coupled to a user interface.

Examples of user interface devices include a manually actuated button, a display, a touch screen, a keypad, a voice activated input device, an audio output, an indicator (e.g., lights), a switch, a knob, a modem, and a networking card, among others. Especially, the user interface device may be configured to allow a user instruct the device or apparatus or system, with which the user interface is functionally coupled or by with the user interface is functionally comprised. The user interface may especially include a manually actuated button, a touch screen, a keypad, a voice activated input device, a switch, a knob, etc., and/or optionally a modem, and a networking card, etc.. The user interface may comprise a graphical user interface. The term“user interface” may also refer to a remote user interface, such as a remote control. A remote control may be a separate dedicate device. However, a remote control may also be a device with an App configured to (at least) control the system or device or apparatus. A user interface is especially functionally coupled to a control system or may be comprised by a control system.

The horticulture system may include a reservoir for the liquid.

Alternatively or additionally, the horticulture system may be functionally coupled to such reservoir for the liquid. The reservoir for the liquid, or the horticulture system per se, may in embodiments be functionally coupled to tap. The reservoir or a tap may be a source of liquid.

As indicated above, liquid may be provided at one or more places. Especially, liquid may amongst others be used for controlling the release of the plant growth control material.

Hence, the horticulture system may further comprise a liquid source inlet for functional coupling to a source of liquid. As indicated above, the source of liquid may be comprised by the system or may be configured external from the system. Hence, the phrase “liquid source inlet for functional coupling to a source of liquid” and similar phrases especially refer to an inlet of the system through which liquid can be provide to the horticulture stage and/or the cartridge.

As indicated above, in embodiments the cartridge may be comprised by the horticulture stage. Alternatively or additionally, the horticulture system is configured such that - during at least part of an operation time of the horticulture system - the horticulture stage is functionally coupled to the cartridge, though the cartridge may be configured external of the horticulture stage. Hence, especially whether the cartridge is configured within the horticulture stage or configured external, the cartridge is functionally coupled to the horticulture stage (during at least part of an operation time of the horticulture system).

Hence, the liquid source inlet is (thus also) functionally coupled to the horticulture stage. Alternatively or additionally, the liquid source inlet is functionally connectable to the cartridge. As indicated above, in view of the latter embodiment the cartridge may include an inlet element.

Especially, the control system is configured to control ingress of liquid into the horticulture system. Hence, in embodiments the control system is configured to control ingress of liquid into the horticulture system for controlling the flow and/or amount and/or position of liquid that is provided to the horticulture stage. Alternatively, in embodiments the control system is configured to control ingress of liquid into the horticulture system for controlling the flow and/or amount and/or position of liquid that is provided to the cartridge.

As indicated above, liquid may be provided at different positions in different amounts and/or over different time periods.

Therefore, in embodiments the control system is (also) configured to control ingress of liquid into the horticulture system (including the cartridge) via the liquid source inlet.

The horticulture stage may be configured in a closed housing or semi-closed housing. In embodiments, the horticulture stage may be configured in a (mini) greenhouse, such as having one or more panels of light transmissive material that at least partially enclose the horticulture stage. Those panels may be of an essentially rigid material, such as a window. In embodiments, the horticulture stage may be configured in a (mini) greenhouse, such as having one or more panels of light transmissive material, wherein the panels are of a flexible material, like silicone rubber. In such embodiments, the horticulture stage may be configured in a kind of tent.

In this way, in embodiments at least partly closable horticulture stage growth units may be provided.

At least part of the closed housing, such as e.g. one or more panels of light transmissive material, may filter at least part of the horticulture light. Horticulture light may e.g. include relative large amounts of blue and red. The emission through the light transmissive material may be such that the transmission of blue light and/or red light is reduced.

In embodiments, one or more panels, which may or which may not be of light transmissive material, may be deformable into a plurality of configurations. In this way, one or more growth units may be built that meet(s) the desire of the user (see also below).

The system may include a light source, i.e. an artificial light source. Hence, in embodiments the horticulture system further comprises an artificial light source configured to provide horticulture light.

The light source may solely provide the horticulture light to the horticulture stage, i.e. when the horticulture stage is in a closed environment, without access of light from external of the closed environment. In other embodiments, the light source is configured to provide additional horticulture light. In embodiments, the light source may be configured to provide horticulture light with specific wavelengths which may not be available or which may not be available enough in daylight and/or in indoor applications. In embodiments, the light source may be used to provide horticulture light (with specific wavelengths) which may not be available or which may not be available enough in daylight and/or in indoor applications during the whole desired period, for instance during those days of the year that daylight is in shorter periods available than during other days of the year.

To develop fruit weight, appearance, and physical strength, crops use various parts of the spectrum for various processes. In particular the photons in the blue and red region of the spectrum, with a wavelength especially between 440-470 nm, and especially around 660 nm, are absorbed and used efficient by the plant for photosynthesis, but also other developmental processes. Consequently, to maximize the yield per amount of emitted photons, the spectral composition of the light source can be (but is not necessarily) limited to the specific spectral regions leading to the best result. Therefore, due to the narrow spectral emission range, LEDs are very suitable for horticultural applications.

Zooming into the specific needs of the various plants, it becomes obvious that all can benefit from a unique spectral light composition. To give an example, some plants require an amount of 5% blue light and 95% red light, while other plants or growth stages need 10% blue light and 90% red light for best growth and development (see also above). Furthermore, extending the spectrum to the far red, i.e. beyond 675 nm, such as in the range 675-800 nm, like about 750 nm, some plants develop more efficiently. Consequently, every type of crop requires a specific spectral light distribution (and thus LED choice), resulting in an enormous amount of different LED types and numbers. For a light source for horticultural lighting it means that one needs either a broad product range to cover the specific needs of the crop and to be efficient in energy use, cost of product, not overdesign, or needs a product that is flexible and still affordable for both LED module production and plants grower.

Hence, in embodiments the light source is capable of providing horticulture light having a spectral light distribution with at least light intensity at one or more first wavelengths selected from the range of 400-475 nm and/or at one or more second wavelengths selected from the range of 625-800 nm, especially at least 625-675 nm. In embodiments, the light source comprises one or more, especially a plurality of light emitting diodes (LEDs) configured to generate LED light having one or more wavelengths selected from said range of 400-475 nm, especially 420-475 nm. For the emission in the red, a luminescent material can be used that converts part of the blue light in the red light with one or more second wavelengths selected from the range of 625-800 nm, especially at least 625- 675 nm. Alternatively or additionally, the light source comprises one or more, especially a plurality of light emitting diodes (LEDs) configured to generate LED light having second wavelengths selected from the range of 625-800 nm, especially at least 625-675 nm.

The term“horticulture light” especially refers to light having one more wavelengths in on or more of a first wavelength region of 400-475 nm and a second wavelength region of 625-675 nm. The relative energies (watt) that are provided in these regions may depend upon the type of plant and/or the growth phase. Hence, a recipe may define the ratio, optionally as function of time, for one or more types of plants. Especially, the term“horticulture light may refer to the PAR region (the photosynthetically active region from 400-700 nm). The term“horticulture light” may also be used for light that is applied to plants in hydroponic applications. As known in the art, in the PAR region (the photo- synthetically active region from 400-700 nm) the reflection coefficient of leaves is very low (5-10 %). Towards the near infrared, beyond 700 nm, the reflection coefficient increases. In specific embodiments, the horticulture light, may in addition to PAR light also include a small fraction (< 20% of the power, especially about at maximum 10% of the power) far red, i.e. 700-850 nm.

The phrase "capable of providing horticulture light having a spectral light distribution with at least light intensity at a first wavelength selected from the range of 400- 475 nm and at a second wavelength selected from the range of 625-800 nm" and similar phrases does not imply that the light of the light source, when switched on, will always include intensity in both regions. Temporarily, the light source may provide light with intensity in only one of the spectral ranges, such as blue light or (far) red light. Further, the light source may also be configured to provide horticulture light having not only intensity in 400-475 nm and/or 625-800 nm range(s), but also having intensity in other wavelength ranges. Further, in addition to horticulture light, i.e. light that is especially suitable for assisting the crop and/or its optional fruit in growing or maturing, etc., and especially configured to illuminate at least part of the crop directly, the lighting device may optionally also provide other types of light, such as especially suitable to assist a worker in a greenhouse.

The light source may be arranged between plants, or between plants to be, which is indicated as“inter lighting”.

The light source may also be arranged over plants or plants to be. Especially when horticulture is grown in layers over each other, artificial lighting is necessary. Growing horticulture in layers is indicated as“multi-layer growth”. Also for multi-layer growth, the system and/or method may be applied.

The term“light source” may refer to a semiconductor light-emitting device, such as a light emitting diode (LEDs), a resonant cavity light emitting diode (RCLED), a vertical cavity laser diode (VCSELs), an edge emitting laser, etc.. The term“light source” may also refer to an organic light-emitting diode, such as a passive-matrix (PMOLED) or an active-matrix (AMOLED). In a specific embodiment, the light source comprises a solid state light source (such as a LED or laser diode). In embodiments, the light source comprises a LED (light emitting diode). The term LED may also refer to a plurality of LEDs. Further, the term“light source” may in embodiments also refer to a so-called chips-on-board (COB) light source. The term“COB” especially refers to LED chips in the form of a semiconductor chip that is neither encased nor connected but directly mounted onto a substrate, such as a PCB. Hence, a plurality of semiconductor light sources may be configured on the same substrate.

In embodiments, a COB is a multi LED chip configured together as a single lighting module.

The term“light source” may also relate to a plurality of light sources, such as 2-2000 solid state light sources.

Especially, the light source may be controlled by the control system. In this way the horticulture light may be provided in dependence of e.g. one or more of the type of plant, the stage of the plant, the condition of the plant, ambient light, and other parameters. The other parameters may e.g. include speeding up or delaying growth. The control system may also control the light source in dependence of temperature, relative humidity, etc..

For instance, a user may indicate to desire to speed up the growth. In such embodiments the intensity and/or composition of the light may be changed (and other growth parameters as well). Instructions to the horticulture system may be provided via a user interface.

Hence, in embodiments the horticulture system further comprises an artificial light source configured to provide horticulture light to the horticulture stage, wherein the control system is configured to control the artificial light source.

As indicated above, in embodiments a cartridge may comprise a seed in a substrate. In embodiments, a cartridge may comprise a plant rooted in a substrate. In embodiments, a cartridge may comprise a plant growth control material. In such

embodiments, the cartridge may essentially comprise a single part, such as a single compartment. In such embodiments, the cartridge may comprise one or more of a first barrier and second barrier, such as described herein, wherein the first barrier and/or the second barrier is one or more of (i) permeable for a liquid, (ii) solvable by a liquid, (iii) perforable, and (iv) at least partly removable. However, especially in (other) embodiments this may not necessarily be the case.

Hence, the system may especially be designed for the herein described cartridges, which may especially comprises two or more (separate(d)) parts, wherein a first part comprise one or more of (a) a first material, (b) a plant seed, and (c) a plant, wherein a second part comprises a second material, wherein the second part especially does not comprise a plant seed or a plant, wherein especially the second material and optionally the first material comprises a plant growth control material independently selected from the group consisting of a plant nutrient, a plant fertilizer, a plant growth promotor, and a plant growth inhibitor.

However, the system may also be designed for other type of cartridges, such as also described herein, such as including only a first part (or a second part). Further, the system may be designed for seeds or plants in (other type of) containers, such as (state of the art) pots or bins.

The system may include a solution for controlling transport of the plant growth control material. Such solutions may include controlling one or more of the timing, the location, and the amount of plant growth control material that is released (and thus transported).

The system may also include a solution for growing different plants and/or growing plants in different stages. Such solutions may include locally controlling the transport of the plant growth control material. Such solutions may include locally controlling the light conditions. Such solutions may include controlling the position of the cartridge with the seed or plant within the horticulture stage.

In embodiments, when the plant growth control material is e.g. provided at the top of the cartridge, controlling of a flow of liquid to the top, such as from over the cartridge, may be controlled. Hereby, one or more of the timing, the location, and the amount of plant growth control material that is released may be controlled. Controlling can be done for a single cartridge or for a plurality of cartridges.

The control system may be configured to control the transport of the plant growth control material by controlling the exposure of the cartridge to a liquid.

In embodiments, controlling a liquid level and a position of the cartridge relative to each other may be applied for controlling the transport of the plant growth control material by controlling the exposure of the cartridge to the liquid. For instance, by controlling the depth and/or time of partial immersion of the cartridge in a liquid may allow that the plant growth control material or different plant growth control materials may preferentially be released dependent upon the immersion depth. Hence, dipping in the liquid may be used to provide a controlled release at the desired time and/or desired amount (and or desired location).

The cartridge may also include an inlet, or a compartment with an inlet. When the part with plant growth control material is close to the inlet or comprised by the compartment with the inlet, and when the liquid may migrate from the part, such as the compartment, to a part with a seed or plant, ingress of liquid may lead to transport. Hence, controlling a flow of the liquid (in)to the cartridge via an inlet comprised by the cartridge, may be applied for controlling the transport of the plant growth control material by controlling the exposure of the cartridge to the liquid.

The inlet may be used for ingress of liquid from a liquid phase, like a horticulture stage comprising a container with liquid wherein the cartridge may be (partially) immersed. Alternatively or additionally, the inlet may be connected to a source of liquid, which may control ingress of water via a pump.

Inlets may also be created in site, e.g. by dissolving of material in an inlet and/or by creating openings, such as by punching or piercing. Hence, the exposure to liquid, such as ingress of the liquid, may be controlled by the number and/or size of the openings created by punching or piercing. Therefore, controlling the number (and/or size) of inlets for the liquid to the cartridge may also be applied for controlling the transport of the plant growth control material by controlling the exposure of the cartridge to the liquid comprises. Controlling the number of openings may be achieved in different way, such as by letting a material dissolve in an opening, wherein the undissolved material may essentially block the opening, by mechanical punching or piercing, or by optical punching or piercing. For instance, a coherent intense light source, such as a laser, may bum a hole in a first barrier or second barrier.

As indicated above, the system may thus also include a source of coherent light. In embodiments, the system may include a laser. In embodiments, the system may include a source of IR radiation (especially not intended for providing horticulture light), especially an IR laser.

Hence, controlling the transport of the plant growth control material by controlling the exposure of the cartridge to the liquid comprises one or more of (i) controlling a liquid level and a position of the cartridge relative to each other, (ii) controlling a flow of the liquid (in)to the cartridge via an inlet comprised by the cartridge , and (iii) controlling the number of inlets for the liquid to the cartridge.

The control system may especially be configured to control the internal transport of the plant growth control material within the cartridge between two parts comprised by the cartridge. For instance, by providing liquid to one part, the liquid may migrate to the other part, thereby transporting plant growth control material from the one part to the other part.

The system may e.g. include a positioning system including a position element that may be used to move the cartridge or another element in one or more of an x-direction, a y-direction, and a z-direction, and/or to rotate the cartridge or another element, especially in the xy-plane (z is defined as perpendicular to the earths face).

The positioning system may use the position element to define the height (i.e. in the z-direction) of a cartridge relative to a liquid level. Of course, alternatively the liquid level may be raised or lowered. This may be useful in embodiments where the horticulture stage include a container containing liquid. However, there may also be other embodiments.

The positioning system may use the position element to define the position of liquid dosage unit, such as a nozzle, that provides e.g. liquid to the top of the cartridge.

The positioning system may use the position element to define the position of the cartridge relative to a liquid dosage unit, such as a nozzle, that provides e.g. liquid to the top of the cartridge. The positioning system may use the position element to rotate the liquid dosage unit that provides e.g. liquid to the top of the cartridge, such that different parts may receive liquid dependent upon the rotation.

The positioning system may use the position element to rotate the cartridge relative to the liquid dosage unit that provides e.g. liquid to the top of the cartridge, such that different parts may receive liquid dependent upon the rotation.

The position system may in embodiments include a rail along which the position element may move, in embodiments a translational move and/or in other

embodiments a rotational move. The position system may also include a robot arm, having a plurality of degrees of freedom, such as at least three degrees of freedom, such as at least four, like at least five, such as six degrees of freedom.

The positioning system may include one or more position elements to execute one or more actions. In specific embodiments, the positioning system includes a plurality of position element configured to execute a plurality of (different) actions.

The parts may also be at the edges of the cartridge. As indicated above, the cartridge may comprise in embodiments two or more compartments.

The positioning system may use the position element to define the position of liquid dosage unit, such as a nozzle, that provides e.g. liquid to an edge of the cartridge. The positioning system may use the position element to define the position of liquid dosage unit, such as a nozzle, that provides e.g. liquid to a compartment of the cartridge.

The positioning system may use the position element to define the position of the cartridge relative to a liquid dosage unit, such as a nozzle, that provides e.g. liquid to an edge of the cartridge. The positioning system may use the position element to define the position of the cartridge relative to a liquid dosage unit, such as a nozzle, that provides e.g. liquid to a compartment of the cartridge.

The positioning system may use the position element to rotate the liquid dosage unit that provides e.g. liquid to an edge of the cartridge, such that different parts may receive liquid dependent upon the rotation. The positioning system may use the position element to rotate the liquid dosage unit that provides e.g. liquid to a compartment of the cartridge, such that different parts may receive liquid dependent upon the rotation.

The positioning system may use the position element to rotate the cartridge relative to the liquid dosage unit that provides e.g. liquid to an edge of the cartridge, such that different parts may receive liquid dependent upon the rotation. The positioning system may use the position element to rotate the cartridge relative to the liquid dosage unit that provides e.g. liquid to a compartment of the cartridge, such that different parts may receive liquid dependent upon the rotation.

Hence, the horticulture system may include a liquid dosage system with the position element. In embodiments, the control system is configured to control the position element, i.e. control its position

The term“position element” may also refer to a plurality of position elements.

The term“liquid dosage unit”, such as a nozzle, may also refer to a plurality of liquid dosage units.

Note that the liquid dosage system may especially be used for controlling the release of the plant growth control material. Liquid that is used may of course also be used by the seed or plant. However, it is not excluded that part of the liquid that is used by the seed or plant may also be provided via other means.

In embodiments, the horticulture system may further comprise a cartridge receiver configured to host the cartridge. Note that the cartridge receiver may be configured to receive a plurality of cartridges at the same time, i.e. a cartridge receiver for hosting a set of cartridges. The term“cartridge receiver” may also refer to a plurality of (different) cartridge receivers. As indicate above, there can be a plurality of different types of cartridges. They may all have the same shape, but it may in embodiments also be useful to have some different types of shapes.

Herein, the term“cartridge” is especially applied as it may refer to a unit that can be positioned in a horticulture system, especially in a horticulture stage. Instead of the term“cartridge”, also the term“container” may be used. As indicated above, the cartridge is especially used to contain at least a plant growth control material, and in general also one or more of a seed and a plant, and in specific embodiments, the same plant growth control material at different locations and/or different plant growth control materials at different locations.

For instance, in embodiments a cartridge, and a cartridge receiver for cartridges with only plant growth control material, may be provided.

In embodiments a cartridge, and a cartridge receiver for cartridges with only a plant or a seed, especially in combination with a substrate, and optionally plant growth control material, may be provided.

In embodiments a cartridge, and a cartridge receiver for cartridges with a plurality of compartments, may be provided. The horticulture system may in embodiments further comprising a sensor configured to sense one or more of (i) lighting conditions, (ii) a temperature, (iii) a relative humidity, (iv) a gas composition of air over the horticulture stage, and (v) a growth phase of the plant, and to provide a corresponding sensor signal, wherein the control system is configured to control the horticulture system in dependence of the sensor signal, especially wherein the control system is configured to control the material transport in dependence of the sensor signal.

As indicated above, the horticulture system may further comprise in embodiments one or more of a light source, a liquid dosage system, etc., which may be controlled by the control system. For instance, in embodiments the horticulture system, further comprises an artificial light source, wherein the control system is configured to control the horticulture light in dependence of the sensor signal.

The positioning system may also be applied to control the position of the cartridges. For instance, plants in different stages may be positioned at different positions. When a plant has reached the stage that it can be removed, the cartridges, or containers with plants, may be repositioned, such that the distribution of the cartridges is optimized. In this way, a continuous system may be crated.

Therefore, in embodiments the horticulture system may be configured to host a plurality of cartridges, wherein the horticulture system further comprises a positioning system configured to position the one or more (of the plurality of) cartridges at respective cartridge positions within the horticulture stage, wherein the control system is configured to control the positioning system.

Positioning may be done in a 2D plane. However, in specific embodiments positioning may also imply 3D positing, such as in the case where vertical horticulture is applied over a plurality of levels over each other. For instance, the position system may also be applied to configure the cartridge 3D wise, when a vertical arrangement comprising (vertically) stacked horticulture stages is applied.

When a kind of throughput of cartridges is applied, such as cartridges with plants or cartridges with plant growth control material or cartridges with both plants and plant growth control material, etc., see also above, cartridges may also be stored before application in the system. Therefore, in embodiments the horticulture system may further comprise a cartridge storage unit, wherein the positioning system as defined above, or a second positioner, or a combination of the second positioner and the positioning system, are controlled by the control system to pick one or more cartridges from the cartridge storage unit and to arrange the one or more cartridges within the horticulture stage.

When a plurality of cartridges and/or when a plurality of (different) plants may be grown in the system, it may be useful to use a plurality of lights that are independently controllable. In this way, the intentions and/or optionally spectral distribution may be controlled in dependence of the location in the horticulture stage. Hence, the horticulture system may use a plurality of light sources such that one or more optical properties are spatially variable. Therefore, in embodiments the horticulture system may comprise a plurality of light sources configured to provide horticulture light to the horticulture stage, wherein one or more optical properties of the horticulture light are spatially variable over the horticulture stage.

Further, as also indicated above, in specific embodiment the control system may be configured to control one or more of a position of the one or more cartridges and the horticulture light to the horticulture stage in dependence of a growth stage and/or plant type of the plant. To this end, the positioning system may be applied.

The growth stage of the plant may be determined based on general rules (such as flowering after 10-12 weeks) and/or can be based on a sensor signal. For instance, an optical sensor, such as a CCD camera may be used to sense the horticulture stage. In this way the control system may be able with the sensor to determine e.g. one or more of bolting, number of leaves, dimensions of leaves, colors of leaves, or colors or number or dimensions of fruit, or colors or number or dimensions of flowers, etc. etc..

As indicated above, the control system may be configured to control elements of the horticulture system, which elements may be permanently or temporarily be within the horticulture system, especially the horticulture stage. Such elements may include one or more of the light source, the positioning system, the positioner, the liquid dosage system, etc..

As indicated above, the horticulture stage may be configured in a closed housing or semi-closed housing. Hence, in embodiments the horticulture system may comprise a plurality of at least partly closable horticulture stage growth units, wherein the control system is configured to control one or more plant growth parameters for each of the respective horticulture stage growth units. In this way, different types of plants, or plants in different growth stages may be grown under different conditions.

Especially, the invention provides a home horticulture system. Such system may e.g. be configured on a balcony, a terrace, in a shed, in a garage, in a cellar, in the kitchen, such as in the shape of a kitchen appliance (like the shape and dimensions of a dish washer or the shape or dimensions of a refrigerator), etc. etc.

In yet a further aspect, the invention also provides a method for controlling a horticulture system, especially as defined herein, the method comprising:

providing a plant or a seed for a plant within the horticulture stage and functionally coupling the cartridge, such as especially defined herein, to the horticulture stage;

controlling transport of the plant growth control material.

The seed or plant can be inside a cartridge, but may also be in a substrate in the horticulture stage, without being configured in the cartridge. In such embodiments, the cartridge may be used to contain plant growth control materials only. The transport of the plant growth material within the cartridge may be controlled, such as when the cartridge comprises a seed or plant. The transport of the plant growth material out of the cartridge may also be controlled, which may be relevant when the seed or plant is not in the (same) cartridge as the plant growth control material.

In yet a further aspect the invention also provides a method of growing a plant, wherein the method comprises growing a plant in the horticulture system as described herein, by executing actions to allow plant growth, such as by providing water, plant growth control material, especially nutrients, fertilizer, and optionally promotor, providing light, controlling the right temperature, etc. etc. The method is especially an indoor method, such as at home.

However, the method may be applied, or the system may be used, or the cartridge be used at other locations, such as hospitality areas, etc.

In yet a further aspect, the invention also provides a computer program product, which, when running on a computer which is functionally coupled to or comprised by the horticulture system such as especially described herein, is capable of controlling the horticulture system. Yet further, in embodiments the invention also provides such computer program product, which, when running on the computer is capable of controlling the horticulture system according to the method as described herein.

The invention is not limited to growth of specific types of plants.

Herein, the term“plant” is used for essentially all stages. The term“plant part” may refer to root, stem, leaf, fruit (if any), etc.. The term“horticulture” relates to (intensive) plant cultivation for human use and is very diverse in its activities, incorporating plants for food (fruits, vegetables, mushrooms, culinary herbs) and non-food crops (flowers, trees and shrubs, turf-grass, hops, grapes, medicinal herbs). Horticulture is the branch of agriculture that deals with the art, science, technology, and business of growing plants. It may include the cultivation of medicinal plants, fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, herbs, sprouts, mushrooms, algae, flowers, seaweeds and non-food crops such as grass and ornamental trees and plants. Here, the term“plant” is used to refer essentially any species selected from medicinal plants, vegetables, herbs, sprouts, mushrooms, plants bearing nuts, plants bearing seeds, plants bearing flowers, plants bearing fruits, non-food crops such as grass and ornamental trees, etc.. Even more especially, the term“plant” is used to refer essentially any species selected from medicinal plants, vegetables, herbs, sprouts, plants bearing nuts, plants bearing seeds, plants bearing flowers, plants bearing fruits, non-food crops.

Horticulture relates to (intensive) plant cultivation for human use. The term “horticulture” may relate to plants for food (fruits, vegetables, mushrooms, culinary herbs) and non-food crops (flowers, trees and shrubs, turf-grass, hops, grapes, medicinal herbs). The term“horticulture” may especially refer to food crops (tomatoes, peppers, cucumbers and lettuce), as well as to plants (potentially) bearing such crops, such as a tomato plant, a pepper plant, a cucumber plant, etc. Horticulture may herein in general relate to e.g. food crop and non-food crop plants. Examples of crop plants are Rice, Wheat, Barley, Oats, Chickpea, Pea, Cowpea, Lentil, Green gram, Black gram, Soybean, Common bean, Moth bean, Linseed, Sesame, Khesari, Sunhemp, Chillies, Brinjal, Tomato, cucumber, Okra, Peanut, Potato, Com, Pearlmillet, Rye, Alfalfa, Radish, Cabbage, lettuce, pepper, Sunflower, Sugarbeet, Castor, Red clover, White clover, Safflower, Spinach, Onion, Garlic, Turnip, Squash, Muskmelon, Watermelon, Cucumber, Pumpkin, Kenaf, Oilpalm, Carrot, Coconut, Papaya, Sugarcane, Coffee, Cocoa, Tea, Apple, Pears, Peaches, Cherries, grapes, Almond, Strawberries, Pine apple, Banana, Cashew, Irish, Cassava, Taro, Rubber, Sorghum, Cotton, Triticale,

Pigeonpea, and Tobacco. Especial of interest are tomato, cucumber, pepper, lettuce, water melon, papaya, apple, pear, peach, cherry, grape, and strawberry. However, other types are not excluded.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings in which corresponding reference symbols indicate corresponding parts, and in which:

Figs la-ld schematically depict some embodiments and variants; and

Figs. 2a-2e schematically depict some further embodiments and variants.

The schematic drawings are not necessarily to scale. A single figure may display a plurality of embodiments and variants.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

Fig. la schematically depicts a cartridge 100 comprising two or more separated parts 120, here three parts 120. A first part 121 comprises one or more of a first material, a plant seed, and a plant. In this embodiment, the first part 121 comprises substrate, such as soil, and optionally one or more of a plant nutrient, a plant fertilizer a plant growth promotor, especially one or more of a plant nutrient and a plant fertilizer.

The cartridge further comprises a second part 122, which comprises a second material, but not a plant seed or a plant. Here, by way of example two second parts are depicted. However, more than two second parts 122 may be available, such as at least three, for instance with each a different plant growth control material.

The first material and the second material comprise a plant growth control material. The may be selected from the group consisting of a plant nutrient, a plant fertilizer, a plant growth promotor, and a plant growth inhibitor.

The plant growth control material is comprised by the cartridge 100 such that under a controlled exposure with a liquid an amount and/or a location of a release of the plant growth control material is controllable.

To that end, in this schematically depicted embodiment of the cartridge 100, the cartridge 100 comprises a first barrier 131 between the first part 121 and the second part(s) 122. The first barrier 131 is one or more of permeable for a liquid, solvable by a liquid, perforable, and at least partly removable. Here, by way of example the first barriers 131 comprise holes, indicating that the barrier is permeable or perforated. Hence, would liquid, such as water, enter the second part, due to migration the plant growth control material will reach the first part 121.

As there are two second parts 122, the cartridge 100 may in embodiments, such as schematically depicted here, comprise a plant (or a seed for a plant) and at least two different plant growth control materials (or the same plant growth control materials but releasable at different times).

Fig. la schematically depict an embodiment wherein the cartridge 100 comprises a compartment 220, more precisely in Fig. la three different compartments 220 are depicted. Fig. la schematically depicts a first compartment 220 comprising the first part 121, and a second compartment 220 for the second part 122. Actually, two second

compartments 220 for the two second parts 122 are schematically depicted. The term“first compartment” refers to a compartment comprising the first part; the term“second compartment” refers to a compartment comprising the second part.

Fig. la shows an embodiment wherein the second compartment comprises an inlet 23. In Fig. la two different compartments 220 are depicted, each having an inlet 23, but at different heights. The total height of the cartridge is indicated with reference h. Hence, one inlet may e.g. be at 0.4*h (left) and the other inlet may e.g. be at 0.7*h (right).

In such embodiments, at least two different plant growth control materials may be configured in (different) compartments with respective inlets 23 for the liquid, with the respective inlets 23 configured at different heights. Optionally, the inlet(s) 23 may functionally be connectable to an external source of liquid, such as via a conduct or tube functionally coupled to a pump.

As shown in Fig. la, the plant growth control material or the plant growth control materials are configured at different locations, here in different second parts 122, in this embodiments compartments 220.

The liquid level is indicated with reference LL. The liquid may essentially be water. By controlling the immersion of the cartridge 100 in the liquid, release of the plant growth control material(s) may be controlled, see e.g. also Fig. 2e. The wall of the cartridge is indicated with reference W.

Fig. lb schematically depicts an embodiment of the cartridge 100, wherein the cartridge 100 comprises a second barrier 132 at least partly enclosing the first material or the second material, wherein the second barrier 132. Also this second barrier may be permeable for a liquid, solvable by a liquid, perforable, and at least partly removable.

By way of example, six parts 122 are depicted, which may all comprise different plant growth control materials. Exposure to the different plant growth control materials may be controlled in different ways, such as by the properties of the barriers 132, by controlling the immersion (depth), by openings in the wall, by punching or piercing the wall, by punching or piercing the second barrier(s) 132, etc. Hence, the wall W of the cartridge may thus also be configured as second barrier.

The cartridge 100 according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the cartridge 100 has a total height h wherein at least one plant growth control material is configured at different heights within the range of the total height h.

Fig. lb may also depict an embodiment, wherein the at least two different plant growth control materials are configured at different heights. The left wall includes openings. Hence, by controlling the emersion of the cartridge 100, the access of water to the cartridge can be controlled. The second barriers 132 may e.g. be dissolvable. By way of example, in the right wall, no openings are depicted. For instance, at the desired time the wall on the right side and optionally also second barrier can be punched. Also other options may be available for instance that all second parts 122 include the same plant growth control materials, or different. The user may punch the wall (and optionally the barriers) to control the speed of growth, or optionally other properties. Punching (or herein also indicated as “piercing”) may be done manually, or especially with a piercing system (or punching system), see also Fig. 2e.

In fig. lb different parts are at different heights. The bottom surfaces may be at different heights. In fig. lb, three different heights of the bottom surfaces, one above the other, are schematically depicted. In fig. la, the plant growth control materials are configured at the same height, i.e. here the bottom surfaces are at the same, but the openings 23 are at different heights. Note that whether a top surface or a bottom surface height may be relevant may also depend upon the direction of the flow or migration of the liquid.

As shown in Fig. lb, the plant growth control material or the plant growth control materials are configured at different locations, here in different second parts 122. The first part 121 encloses the second parts 122.

Fig. lc schematically depicts an embodiment of the cartridge 100, wherein there is at least a single second part 122, here by way of example two second parts. Here, the parts are shown as elements that may be forced into the substrate, such as soil. Note that the invention, and also this embodiment, are not limited to this example of a second part 122.

Fig. lc schematically depicts in fact also at least part of a horticulture system, by showing an embodiment of a liquid dosage system 190. The liquid dosage system may include a liquid dosage unit 191, such as a nozzle, to provide liquid, such as water, to the cartridge 100. Note that in this configuration release of the plant growth control material may be controlled when the different liquid dosage units are controlled. By adding liquid to one of the parts 122, e.g. the left part 122, the plant growth control material of such part may be released; by adding liquid to the other part, such as the right part 122, the material plant growth control material of such part may be released. In embodiments, this may be done independently from a basic supply of water, e.g. provided to the bottom of the cartridge.

There may be a single liquid dosage system include a plurality of liquid dosage units. The position of the liquid dosage unit(s) may in embodiments be fixed and may in other embodiments be controllable. In such embodiments, e.g. the position of the liquid dosage unit may be controlled with a position system.

Note that in the example of Fig. lc, the same liquid dosage unit may be applied would the cartridge be rotatable. In embodiment, e.g. the position of the cartridge 100 unit may be controlled with a position system (embodiment not shown).

As shown in Fig. lc, the plant growth control material or the plant growth control materials are configured at different locations, here in different second parts 122.

Fig. ld schematically depicts an embodiment, wherein the cartridge 100 comprises an inlet element 223 comprising an inlet 23 functionally connectable to an external source of liquid. Such embodiment may also be combined with the previous described embodiments. For instance, in embodiments the cartridge 100 comprises a compartment 220 for the first material or the second material, wherein the compartment 220 comprises the inlet element 223 comprising the inlet 23 functionally connectable to an external source of liquid. When providing liquid to the compartment 222, the plant growth control material may be released.

The position of the inlet 23 in such embodiment may be less relevant, and may essentially be determined by the position and/or dimensions of the part, such as the compartment. With reference to Fig. ld, opening 23 could also be at the bottom, or at the top, as liquid is supplied to the part 122, such as the compartment 220, by using a liquid flow, such as via a pump.

Note that the cartridge may include a plurality of inlet elements. In embodiments, the cartridge 100 may include a plurality of compartments, see e.g. Fig. la, with each one or more inlets (or one or more inlet elements). The plurality of compartments may also be configured over each other in such embodiments.

Figs. 2a-2e schematically depict embodiments of a horticulture system 1 comprising a horticulture stage 40 for growing a plant, in general a plurality of plants, as is also schematically depicted in these schematic drawings.

Hence, the horticulture stage 40 is configured to include a plant or a seed for a plant. The seed or plant can be in a cartridge, but may also be external of a cartridge. In the embodiments schematically depicted herein, also in the other drawings, the plant (or seed) may also be not in the cartridge. Also in such embodiments the controlled release of the plant growth control material may be achieved by using a cartridge with plant growth control material(s). Hence, the horticulture stage 40 is functionally coupled to the cartridge 100 according as in one or another way, especially by controlling the exposure of the cartridge with liquid, the transport of plant growth control material within the cartridge (or out of the cartridge, or in embodiments into the cartridge, would such cartridge comprise a seed or a plant), can be controlled.

The phrase“exposure of the cartridge with liquid” may especially refer to an exposure of at least part of the cartridge to the liquid.

Fig. 2a (and also Figs. 2b-2e) also shows a control system 30. The control system is especially configured to control the horticulture system 1 and/or elements thereof. Especially, the control system 30 is (at least) configured to control transport of the plant growth control material within the cartridge 100 or out of the cartridge 100.

In fig. 2a control of the transport of the plant growth control material is controlled by using a liquid dosage system 190. The liquid dosage system may include a liquid dosage unit 191, such as a nozzle, to provide liquid, such as water, to the cartridge 100. For further explanation of the liquid dosage system 190 it is also referred to Fig. lc.

Further, by way of example Fig. 2a schematically depicts an embodiment of a cartridge receiver 10 configured to host the cartridge 100.

Fig. 2a, and other Figures also show embodiments wherein the horticulture system 1, further comprises an artificial light source 50 configured to provide horticulture light 51 to the horticulture stage 40. By way of example, three light sources 50 are depicted, but there can be many more.

In embodiments, the control system 30 is configured to control the artificial light source 50.

The horticulture system 1 as schematically depicted in Fig. 2a (and also 2b) further comprises a sensor 60. This sensor 60 may be configured to sense one or more of (i) lighting conditions, (ii) a temperature, (iii) a relative humidity, (iv) a gas composition of air over the horticulture stage 40, (v) a growth phase of the plant, etc., and (be configured) to provide a corresponding sensor signal. The control system 30 may thus especially also be configured to control the horticulture system 1 in dependence of the sensor signal (especially wherein the control system 30 is configured to control the material transport in dependence of the sensor signal).

The control system may control one or more elements of the horticulture system, such as the liquid dosage system or the light source, if applicable. Hence, in embodiments the control system 30 may (also) be configured to control the horticulture light 51 in dependence of the sensor signal.

Especially, the control system 30 is at least configured to control the transport of the plant growth control material by controlling the exposure of the cartridge 100 to a liquid. In the embodiment schematically depicted in Fig. 2a, this is done by using cartridges such as e.g. schematically depicted in Fig. lc, though other options may be possible, see also Fig. ld.

Fig. 2b schematically depicts an embodiment of the system 1 using a container with liquid, and using the immersion depth, and optionally the height of the cartridge when there is a plurality of openings, to control ingress of liquid into the cartridges. For instance, the cartridge 100 schematically depicted in Fig. 2b may be cartridges as schematically depicted in Figs la and/or lb. Hence, the control system 30 is configured to control the internal transport of the plant growth control material within the cartridge 100 between two parts 120 comprised by the cartridge 100.

The immersion depth can be controlled by controlling the cartridge 100 and liquid level FF relative to each other. In embodiments, this may be done by adding liquid F. In other embodiments this may be done by controlling the position of the cartridge 100 relative to the liquid level (see also e.g. Fig. 2e).

The embodiment schematically depicted in Fig. 2b also includes a source of liquid 9. This may be a reservoir or this may be the tap (for tap water), or this may be a reservoir functionally coupled to the tap. By control the source of liquid 9, such as with a pump, influx of liquid in the horticulture system.

Tap water may be filtered or otherwise be treated before use in the system 1

Fig. 2b schematically shows (thus) an embodiment wherein the horticulture system 1 further comprises a liquid source inlet 101 for functional coupling to a source of liquid 9, wherein the liquid source inlet 101 is functionally coupled to the horticulture stage 40 and/or functionally connectable to the cartridge 100, and wherein the control system 30 is configured to control ingress of liquid into the horticulture system 1 including the cartridge 100 via the liquid source inlet 101. Here, in fact the liquid source may be considered functionally coupled to the horticulture stage 40 and the cartridge 100. The functional coupling of the cartridge may also be considered functionally coupled to the liquid source via the horticulture stage 40.

As also discussed in relation to Figs la and lb, controlling the transport of the plant growth control material may be executed with the system 1 by controlling the exposure of the cartridge 100 to the liquid by one or more of (i) controlling a liquid level and a position of the cartridge 100 relative to each other (see Figs la, lb, 2b), (ii) controlling a flow of the liquid into the cartridge 100 via an inlet 23 comprised by the cartridge 100 (see especially Fig. ld), and (iii) controlling the number of inlets 23 for the liquid to the cartridge 100 (see especially Fig. lb).

Alternatively or additionally, controlling the exposure of the cartridge 100 to the liquid may be executed by controlling supply of liquid to the top of the cartridge.

Especially, this may be useful when such cartridge 100 comprises a part with plant growth control material, or a plurality of such parts at the top of the cartridge. However, this may also be applied to compartments with top openings.

Fig. 2c schematically depicts - in top view - an embodiment of the horticulture system 1 that is configured to host a plurality of cartridges 100. Further, this embodiment of the horticulture system 1 further comprises a positioning system 70. This positioning element is configured to position the one or more cartridges 100 at respective cartridge positions 105 within the horticulture stage 40, wherein the control system 30 is configured to control the positioning system 70. Here, an embodiment of 2D positioning is described.

Elements 71 indicated positioning elements. The positioning system 70 may use the positioning element 71 to move the cartridges, here by moving rows. As shown, there is a vacant position (right bottom). The vacant position at the beginning may be created manually, or may be created with the positioning system. In such embodiment, the cartridge may be transported to a stage external of the horticulture stage 40 (not shown).

For instance, by moving the lowest row with positioning element 7 la, an opening is created at the left bottom. By executing the position element 7 lb, another cartridge 100 may be configured at the empty position. Or, the position can be filled with a new cartridge. This can be done manually, or with a system.

Fig. 2c also schematically depicts an embodiment wherein the horticulture system 1 comprises a cartridge storage unit 80. The positioning system 70 or a second positioner 72, or a combination of the second positioner 72 and the positioning system 70 are controlled by the control system 30 to pick one or more cartridges 100 from the cartridge storage unit 80 and to arrange the one or more cartridges 100 within the horticulture stage 40.

Note that the embodiment of Fig. 2c is especially relevant when the cartridges 100 at least include a seed or a plant, even more especially at least two parts, with one part comprising a seed or a plant, and another part comprising at least plant growth control material, but not a seed or a plant. Fig. 2d schematically depicts an embodiment wherein the horticulture system 1 according comprises a plurality of light sources 50 configured to provide horticulture light 51 to the horticulture stage 40, wherein one or more optical properties of the horticulture light 51 are spatially variable over the horticulture stage 40. The control system 30 is configured to control one or more of a position of the one or more cartridges 100 and the horticulture light 51 to the horticulture stage 40 in dependence of a growth stage and/or plant type of the plant.

Fig. 2d also schematically shows an embodiment of the horticulture system 1 comprising a plurality of at least partly closable horticulture stage growth units 90. As indicated above, such system 1 may be used in combination with controlling properties in such units. For instance, in embodiments the control system 30 may be configured to control one or more plant growth parameters for each of the respective horticulture stage growth units 90.

Fig. 2e schematically depicts an embodiment of the horticulture system including a plurality of variants. In embodiments, a positioning system 70 may be applied to control the immersion of the cartridge 100 in the liquid L, see on the left. It is further referred to the discussion in relation to Figs la and lb. On the right a punching system 130 is shown, which comprises a piercing element 131. This may be used to pierce the wall or a first barrier or a second barrier, see e.g. the discussion in relation to Fig. lb. Note that by way of example the number or height of the openings that are created with the piercing element(s) 130 may be controlled.

Amongst others, the invention may provide a home (kitchen)-format mini greenhouse/incubator (comprising the system 1) for growing selected vegetables and/or herbs.

In embodiments, this mini-greenhouse/incubator being provided with all required‘inputs’ such as heating/cooling, humidity control, water supply, air/gas supply (allowing atmosphere control) and light (with specific spectrum).

In embodiments, a (multi-parameter) control system that provides the optimal (for the actual purpose) growing conditions and settings (ranging from: fast growing, slow growing,“keep as is” (delay till use), prepare for harvesting soon, ...).

In embodiments, consumables that provide the other“inputs”: soil (or mimic of soil such as growing media), fertilizers, seeds, etc.

In embodiments, the seeds are provided in“seed capsules” (analogous as in coffee capsules), with optionally a recognition element in the capsule (e.g. QR code) and a recognition system in the mini-greenhouse. The seed capsules might contain (part of) the other growing requirements (such as spore elements, initial growth factors for seeding/sprouting start, etc.). Instead of seed capsules, also plant capsules may be provided. The capsules are herein also indicated as cartridges.

In embodiments, a system is provided such that the growing conditions, and specifically also the light spectrum for providing the requested growing conditions, are delivered to the growing plant based on the identification of the seed capsule.

An input method and means (including timing, agenda) may be provided that allows hand-based or automatic uploading of growing wishes and needs (e.g.“vegetable is to be used/harvested next Friday”).

Growing wishes and needs (e.g.‘vegetable of type A is wanted for use/harvesting next Friday’) may be used as input in the system via a user interface.

In embodiments, a list of growing settings, conformal the variation in growth capsules, that are provided (embedded) in the mini-greenhouse system, or that are

downloaded into the system from a cloud-based (or alike) gateway, may be provided or may be in a memory of the control system.

The control system may be functionally connectable to the internet, for updating growth recipes.

Growth recipes may include information (instructions) on system settings (over time) for specific plants. Growth recipes could be selected based on harvest

time/schedule for certain vegetables or herbs. For example, different growing conditions could be applied for different growing purposes (e.g. fast growing, slow growing,‘keep as is’ (delay till use), prepare for harvesting soon, etc.). Note that these recipes may include instructions in relation to one or more of lighting, irrigation, temperature etc., but in specific embodiments especially at least information in relation to system settings for controlling controlled exposure of the plant growth control material(s) with a liquid, for controlling the release of the plant growth control material. Amongst others, it is referred to WO

2015/189123, which is herein incorporated by reference, which provides amongst others a method of controlling an artificial light plant growing system, comprising (i) receiving information indicative of a production demand for a plant type to be grown in the artificial light plant growing system and information indicative of an energy supply for a light source of the artificial light plant growing system, and (ii) controlling operation of the light source of a plant growing environment of the artificial light plant growing system in dependence on the received information so that the production rate of a plant of said plant type grown in the system versus the production demand and energy supply is optimized. The method may further comprise referring to one or more plant type specific parameters in dependence on the plant type to be grown, and controlling operation of the light source in dependence on the one or more plant type specific parameters.

Further, the invention may thus provide seed/plant capsules. Such capsules may include with solvable“coatings” (fertilizer, hormones, etc.) on different locations of the capsules, wherein the coatings dissolve in a controlled way upon contact with a supply of liquid, especially water. The capsules with selectively controllable compartments (e.g.

comprising fertilizers or inhibitors etc.) can be activated when required such that additives can be selectively released. Activation is done by exposure with the liquid, such as especially water.

Further, the invention may provide specific lighting/system configurations.

For instance, transparent and light filtering segmentation between plants to prevent lighting cross-talk between neighboring plants may be provided. Alternatively or additionally, a possibly the segmentation can also be used to provide illumination in-between the plants. Further, in embodiments a transparent and optionally a light filtering circumferential window to provide an enjoyable visual view on the plants by filtering the excessive blue/red components of the grow light towards the outside world.

In embodiments, the invention provides capsules (such as cups) with a permeable/degradable bottom (or other part of a surrounding wall), such that at contact with water the roots of the growing plant to penetrate through the bottom side of the cup and extend into the water or substrate of the horticulture system.

In embodiments, capsules (such as cups) may be provided with an elongated shape, such that these can contain all roots that are developed during the growth phase of the plant, and that keep the roots inside but still allow water (and small molecules) to enter the capsule (through diffusion, osmosis, ...).

In embodiments, capsule (such as cups) with varying size and content (growth substrate, fertilizer), such that for a specific type of plant, the growth rate and final plant size is determined or co-defined by that capsule size and/or capsule content.

The capsules may contain pre-treated/primed seed (e.g. with growth hormone, NaCl, polyethylene glycol), pre-germinated seeds, or seedling at a certain development level with temporarily stopped growth’, as to allow further growth control (time-till- harvest from start of introduction in horticulture system), etc..

The invention also provides a shift mechanism in the horticulture system, automated (with motor) or manual (with guidance for the user, e.g. by the use of light based signaling/directions), such that plants change position in the horticulture system, allowing for an optimal (and daily/regularly changed) location to optimize e.g. productivity, in-time harvesting, quality, etc..

The term“plurality” refers to two or more.

The terms“substantially” or“essentially” herein, and similar terms, will be understood by the person skilled in the art. The terms“substantially” or“essentially” may also include embodiments with“entirely”,“completely”,“all”, etc. Hence, in embodiments the adjective substantially or essentially may also be removed. Where applicable, the term “substantially” or the term“essentially” may also relate to 90% or higher, such as 95% or higher, especially 99% or higher, even more especially 99.5% or higher, including 100%.

The term“comprise” includes also embodiments wherein the term “comprises” means“consists of’.

The term“and/or” especially relates to one or more of the items mentioned before and after“and/or”. For instance, a phrase“item 1 and/or item 2” and similar phrases may relate to one or more of item 1 and item 2. The term "comprising" may In embodiments refer to "consisting of' but may in another embodiment also refer to "containing at least the defined species and optionally one or more other species".

Furthermore, the terms first, second, third and the like in the description and in the claims, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances and that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in other sequences than described or illustrated herein.

The devices, apparatus, or systems may herein amongst others be described during operation. As will be clear to the person skilled in the art, the invention is not limited to methods of operation, or devices, apparatus, or systems in operation.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design many alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim.

Use of the verb "to comprise" and its conjugations does not exclude the presence of elements or steps other than those stated in a claim. Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the description and the claims, the words“comprise”, “comprising”, and the like are to be construed in an inclusive sense as opposed to an exclusive or exhaustive sense; that is to say, in the sense of“including, but not limited to”.

The article "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements.

The invention may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several distinct elements, and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In a device claim, or an apparatus claim, or a system claim, enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by one and the same item of hardware. The mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used to advantage.

The invention also provides a control system that may control the device, apparatus, or system, or that may execute the herein described method or process. Yet further, the invention also provides a computer program product, when running on a computer which is functionally coupled to or comprised by the device, apparatus, or system, controls one or more controllable elements of such device, apparatus, or system.

The invention further applies to a device, apparatus, or system comprising one or more of the characterizing features described in the description and/or shown in the attached drawings. The invention further pertains to a method or process comprising one or more of the characterizing features described in the description and/or shown in the attached drawings.

The various aspects discussed in this patent can be combined in order to provide additional advantages. Further, the person skilled in the art will understand that embodiments can be combined, and that also more than two embodiments can be combined. Furthermore, some of the features can form the basis for one or more divisional applications.