DESCRIPION

Technical Field

[01] This innovation patent refers to the improvements in stub/stump crusher with a regulator of excavation whereby the referred equipment is, notably, used for stub/stump grinding the vines of eucalyptus, acacias, pine, orange, coffee, among others and, consequently, change the kind of crop produced in the area for planting maize, soya, and other crops; the referred equipment has constitution mnovative characteristics based on incorporating the eexcavation level regulator that allows rotor gradual exposition and, therefore, guarantees the vine grinding up to three soil deepness levels. It also has grinding nozzles and each has a pair of ends inversely opposed which allow the use exchangeability, promoting the use of one end when the other is worn in order to allow a flexible maintenance.

Technique History

[02] I tis known that the removal of natural vegetation or the elimination of a given a given vegetation part in a specific area occurs to respond to different endings such as earthwork, alternative soil land use, planting different crops, among others, which implies cutting and grinding the tree vines as well as removing soil irregularities such as dump, bushes or other similar densities.

[03] The cutting effectiveness is made through an equipment called crusher which has a crushing rotor that allows that when the equipment is moved, it penetrates in the soil at a given rotation that grinds the stubs and stumps to prepare and clear the soil for the execution of subsequent procedures. Most of the crushers are comprised by a chassis which has a tool to assemble them to the tractors, excavators, backhoes as well as a cylindrical rotor with perimeter nozzles of predefined height, which crush the soil and rotate through an electrical engine activated trough a connection with the vehicle power take-off where the equipment is connected.

[04] Thus, as the crasher equipment starts the process of rotating the cylindrical rotor and, consequently, the movement of the nozzles, then the crushing of the stubs and stumps among other reborn elements in the soil start to disintegrate.

[05] As the rotor is positioned on the chassis of the equipment, it is assembled at a fixed predetermined height in relation to the soil level, thus allowing the crusher rotor to dig to a certain depth, a fact that, on many occasions, it does not reach the adequate depth, making the grinding superficial and may compromise the future procedure to which the soil will be submitted.

[06] Another drawback due to inadequate crushing of the stumps, refers to the impossibility of changing the plantation as soybean, corn, etc.

[07] Another drawback related to the rotor nozzles refers to the impossibility of replacing them, so that in case of wear it is necessary to replace the whole rotor, resulting in costs for the producer.

Technique State Analysis

[08] A search of specialized databases found documents related to stump crushing equipment, such as document nr. P1 0205909-6 which deals with a self-propelling stump lowering device which provides for hydrostatic movement, allowing it to work at a speed ranging from 0 to 8 km/h and allowing to reverse its direction by a single command that obeys the same speed; The referred equipment consist of two modules, the first of which is called as driving unit. It contains a chassis assembled on the top of a pair of agricultural tires, powered by a diesel engine that drives two-flow pumps, located at the back of the machine. The second module, known as the continuous stump countershaft, located at the front, is formed by a roller with parallel discs containing vids, placed at its perimeter, and driven by a high-speed hydraulic motor, fixed vertically between the pair of tires, which is located on a forte that is articulated in the driving part and can be raised or lowered by means of a pair of hydraulic cylinders arranged on the side wheel axle support plates.

[09] The document nr. P1 0402489-3 relates to a tree stump depressor and forest waste crusher, particularly equipment coupled to a tractor consisting of a clockwise or counter-clockwise cylindrical rotor with a "vidia" plurality of blades, driven by two hydraulic motors, applied in the lowering of tree stumps and in the crushing of residues from the forest harvest, as well as the cleaning of areas for cultivation.

[10] Another document nr. P1 9006657-0 is a coupling head for coupling to tractors or similar machines, comprising a set of conically arranged blades that penetrate a tree stump to be destroyed, the blades being assembled to a conical head which has a spiral channel that accommodates current. Saw-type cutting saw, powered by any tractor power source, and transmits rotation to the cutting head.

[11] The cited documents in the above paragraphs refer only to the state of the technique and, therefore, have no priority to the improved object now, therefore, ensures that it meets the legal requirements for patentability. Invention Objectives

[12] h is the goal of this invention to provide a stuh/stump crusher with a leveling excavator that promotes gradual rotor exposure ensuring grinding of tree stubs/stumps up to three levels of depth in the soil

[13] It is the goal of this invention to provide cylindrical rotor stub/stump crusher with interchangeable nozzles for replacement when they are worn.

[14] It is the goal of this invention to provide a cylindrical rotor stub/stump crusher with interchangeable nozzles whose replacement has low cost.

[15] It is another goal of this invention to provide an efficient grinding tool which makes it possible to convert deforested areas into suitable places for planting soybeans, corn as well as allowing the remains of crushed stump to be grinded for planting various crops.

Designs Description

[16] To complement this description in order to have a better understanding of the characteristics of this invention and according to its practical preferential realization, follow the attached description, a set of designs in which, there are examples of its operation although not limitative.

[17] Figure 1 shows a side view of the crusher and grinder hitched to an agricultural tractor;

[18] Figure 2 represents a perspective exploded view of the elements that comprise the referred crusher and grinder;

[19] Figure 3 reveals an assembled perspective view of the innovated equipment;

[20] Figures 4, 4A e 4B show side views of the referred equipment showing the possible levels of rotor exposition;

[21] Figure 5 represents a longitudinal cut view of the referred crusher and equipment;

[22] Figure 6 shows a transversal cut view of the innovated equipment;

[23] Figure 7 reveals an enlarged detailed view of the grinding nozzles which have been designed at the rotor and the connecting tool;

[24] Figures 8, 8A e 8B show the grinding nozzles side view, representing the use interchangeability and the nozzles possible inversion, if the used end is worn.

Object Detailed Description

[25] With reference to the illustrated drawings, this invention relates to the “IMPROVEMENTS IN STUB/STUMP CRUSHER WITH A REGULATOR OF ESCAVATION LEVEL”, more precisely it is a stump crusher equipment (10) of a kind used for the removal and grinding of tree stubs/stumps such as eucalyptus, acacia, pine, orange, coffee, among others, in order to allow the crashing and, consequently, the conversion of the crop area to corn or soybean planting. The referred equipment (10) is contused of a chassis (1 1) where the rotor (20) shaft (21) Is transversely assembled, and the referred chassis (1 1) provides coupling end (11 A) for connecting to a traction vehicle (VT).

[26] According to this invention, the referred chassis (11) receives on both side walls (1 1b) planks (12) comprised of a curved base (12a) sliding along the ground (S1) and from which an orthogonal wall (12b) is developed equipped with central cuttings (12c), in addition to providing bracing walls (12d). Each plank (12) is hinged to its side wall (11b) at point (p1) and fixed by a level regulating device (MR) which, in turn, is comprised of a set of holes (13) m the orthogonal walls. (12b) of each plank (12) which when aligned with holes (1 1e) in the side walls (1 1b) of the chassis (11) receive screws(14) and make the height adjustment (t) of the planks (12) in relation to ground (S1) and, consequently, exposure grading of the rotor (20) crusher nozzles (22),

[27] Each set ofholes (13) is composed of at least three equidistant holes ( 13a) which are aligned with each other according to transverse axis (E1), while the referred sets ( 13) are aligned with each other according to oblique axis (E2) and spaced by identical intervals (L1), thus one set ofholes (13 ') is placed near the extreme upper edge of the wall (12b), while another set (13 ") is practiced near bottom extreme lip of the wall (12b) and intermediate set ofholes (13 '”) is placed according to the intervals.

[28] The alignments of the sets (13'), (13”) and (13'”) next to the holes (11c) of the side walls (11b) of the chassis (11) configure the excavation levels'. - The alignment of the set (13') near the holes (11c) exposes the rotor (20) minimal configuring surface level (n1) of soil excavation (S1 ) (See figure 4); - The alignment of the intermediate set (13”) near the holes (11c) partially exposes fits rotor (20) configuring intermediate level (n2) of soil excavation (S1) (see figure 4 A); The alignment of intermediate set (13”) next to the holes (1 1c) exposes the integrally the rotor (20) configuring the maximum level (n3) of soil excavation (S1)(see figure

4B).

[29] The referred equipment (10) is complemented by the provision of interchangeable nozzles. (22) of the rotor (20), each nozzle (22) is parallelepiped in shape and whose upper (22a) and lower (22b) faces provide for oppositely disposed declines (22 ') which form pointed ends (22c) of the nozzle (22) for grinding and the referred nozzles (22) are installed in cradles (23a) developed in projections (23) extending into the cylindrical base of the rotor (20), and have through holes (22d) for inserting set screws (14a).

[30] When the interchangeable nozzles (22) are accommodated in cradles (23a), they allow the exposure of a pointed end (22c) for grinding and concomitantly reserve the opposite end (22c ') for use when exposed end is worn (see figures 8, 8A and 8B) as they are fixed by screws (14c).

[31] When the nozzles wear (22), accommodation of the damaged sharp end is sufficient and the exposure of the stored end as well as fblt replacement of the worn out nozzle with a new one, it is possible.

[32] The power transmission system (ST) is comprised of a gearbox (30) mounted on a chassis cradle (1 1) which is driven by the power take-off (E3) of the tractor (VT), whereby the end shafts (31) of the gearbox (30) rotate a set of pulleys (40) also installed on the side walls (11b) of the chassis (1 1) and protected by covers (11d). The power transmission of the pulleys (40) guarantees the rotation of the axis (21 ) of the rotor (20) until it reaches tlte specific working rotation for each situation and slump diameter.

[33] It is true that when this invention is put into practice, modifications may be made with respect to certain details of construction and shape, without abandoning the fundamental principles which are clearly substantiated in the claim framework. Thus, it is understood that the terminology used was not intended to limitation.