What is claimed is:

1. An incubator, comprising: a housing that at least partially encloses an internal container, wherein the internal container has an opening; a door coupled to the housing and/or the internal container and movable between a first position that allows access to the internal container from an outside position of the incubator and a second position that prevents access to the internal container from the outside position of the incubator; a primary air flow control device coupled to the housing and/or the internal container that directs a primary air veil along or substantially parallel to a hypothetical plane covering the opening; and a secondary air flow control device coupled to the housing and/or the internal container that directs a secondary air veil substantially parallel to the primary air veil; and wherein the primary and the secondary air veil shield the opening of the internal container.

2. canceled.

3. The incubator of claim 1 further comprising a primary and/or secondary suction fan, wherein the primary suction fan is positioned to receive air from the primary air veil, and wherein the secondary suction fan is positioned to receive air from the secondary air veil.

4. The incubator of claim 1 wherein the primary air veil and/or the secondary air veil is a directional veil or a laminar flow veil.

5. The incubator of claim 1 wherein the primary air flow control device comprises a movable vane, wherein the vane is movable to at least temporarily direct air from the primary air veil into the internal container.

6. The incubator of claim 1 wherein the door is movable in a compound motion that moves the door away and in an upward motion from the opening.

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7. The incubator of claim 1 wherein the housing, the internal container, and the primary air flow control device are positioned relative to each other to form a recirculation space that allows for recirculation of air in the primary air veil.

8. The incubator of claim 7 wherein recirculation of air in the primary air veil recirculates at least 70% of the air in the veil.

9. The incubator of claim 7 further comprising a fdter unit, an absorber unit, a sterilization unit, a temperature control unit, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, and/or a gas sensor disposed within the recirculation space.

10. The incubator of claim 7 further comprising a gas inlet through which a gas from an external source is fed to the recirculation space.

11. The incubator of claim 1 further comprising a control circuit electronically coupled to the door, the primary air flow control device, and the secondary air flow control device, and programmed to operate the primary and/or secondary air flow control device once the door has started to move from the first to the second position.

12. The incubator of claim 1 further comprising an access control device that is programmed to receive a user command and/or validate an authorized user of the incubator.

13. The incubator of any one of the preceding claims further comprising a gas generator that is fluidly coupled to the incubator and that comprises a membrane filter or pressure swing adsorption unit that generates a nitrogen rich product.

14. The incubator of claim 1 further comprising a tray movably coupled to the internal container, wherein the tray comprises a honeycomb channels for passage of the primary laminar flow air veil therethrough.

15. The incubator of claim 1 wherein the internal container is coupled to the housing via a movable coupling that allows movement of the internal container out of the housing.

16. An incubator, comprising: a housing that at least partially encloses an internal container, wherein the internal container has an opening; a primary air flow control device coupled to the housing and/or the internal container that directs a primary air veil along or substantially parallel to a hypothetical plane covering the opening; a secondary air flow control device coupled to the housing and/or the internal container that directs a secondary air veil parallel to the primary air veil, wherein the primary and the secondary air veil shield the opening of the internal container; wherein the housing, the internal container, and the primary air flow control device are positioned relative to each other to form a recirculation space that allows for recirculation of air in the primary air veil; and wherein the recirculation space at least partially encloses a plurality of sensors selected from the group consisting of a CO2 sensor, an O2 sensor, a humidity sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, and temperature sensor, and further at least partially encloses a sterilization unit, a high-efficiency particulate air (HEP A) filter, an activated charcoal filter, and/or a heater.

17. canceled.

18. The incubator of claim 16 further comprising a primary and/or secondary suction fan, wherein the primary suction fan is positioned to receive air from the primary air veil, and wherein the secondary suction fan is positioned to receive air from the secondary air flow control device flow air veil.

19. The incubator of claim 18 wherein the secondary air flow control device is configured to receive ambient air and wherein the secondary suction fan expels the secondary air veil to the ambient air.

20. The incubator of claim 16 wherein the primary air veil and/or the secondary air veil is a directional veil or a laminar flow veil.

21. The incubator of claim 16 wherein the primary air flow control device recirculates at least 90% of all air in the primary air veil through the recirculation space.

22. The incubator of claim 16 wherein the recirculation space at least partially encloses at least two of the CO2 sensor, the O2 sensor, the sterilization unit, the high-efficiency particulate air (HEP A) filter, the activated charcoal filter, and/or the heater.

23. The incubator of claim 16 wherein the recirculation space at least partially encloses at least three of the CCh sensor, the Ch sensor, the sterilization unit, the high-efficiency particulate air (HEP A) filter, the activated charcoal filter, and/or the heater.

24. The incubator of claim 16 wherein the recirculation space at least partially encloses the CCh sensor, the Ch sensor, the sterilization unit, the high-efficiency particulate air (HEP A) filter, the activated charcoal filter, and the heater.

25. The incubator of claim 16 wherein the sterilization unit comprises a UV light source directed towards a titanium dioxide containing surface.

26. An incubator control unit for an incubator having a door movable between a first position that allows access to the internal container from an outside position of the incubator and a second position that prevents access to the internal container from the outside position of the incubator, wherein the incubator further comprises a primary air flow control device and a secondary air flow control device, the incubator control unit comprising: a microprocessor and a memory storing instructions executable on the microprocessor, wherein the instructions cause the control unit to: a) down-regulate the primary air flow control device upon the door moving into the second position; b) up-regulate the primary air flow control device and an optional secondary air flow control device upon the door moving into the first position; and/or c) cause movement of a vane coupled to the primary air flow control device when the door is in the first position; and d) up-regulate the secondary air flow control device upon the door moving into the first position.

27. The incubator control circuit of claim 26 wherein the control unit is further electronically coupled to a temperature sensor, a gas sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, and/or a humidity sensor, and wherein the instructions cause the control unit to activate a heater, open a gas valve to allow entry of a gas into the incubator, and/or activate a humidifier.

28. The incubator control circuit of claim 27 wherein the instructions further cause the control unit to activate the heater, to open the gas valve to allow entry of the gas into the incubator, and/or activate the humidifier while the door is in the first position.

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29. The incubator control circuit of claim 27 wherein the gas sensor is an C sensor or a CC sensor.

30. The incubator control circuit of any one of claims 26-29 wherein the control unit is further electronically coupled to an access control device that is programmed to receive a user command and/or validate an authorized user of the incubator, and wherein the instructions cause the control unit to move the door from the first to the second position upon receiving the user command and/or validation of the authorized user.

31. The incubator control circuit of claim 30 wherein the user command is a voice command.

32. The incubator control circuit of claim 30 wherein the authorized user is validated by face recognition.

33. The incubator control circuit of claim 26 wherein the control unit is further electronically coupled to a sterilization unit, and wherein the instructions cause the control unit to activate the sterilization unit.

34. A method of maintaining a controlled atmosphere in an incubator, comprising: flowing a primary air veil along or parallel to a hypothetical plane covering an opening in an internal container of the incubator while access to the internal container is enabled from an outside position of the incubator; flowing a secondary air veil substantially parallel to the primary air veil; and wherein at least 90% of air in the primary air veil is recycled through the incubator.

35. The method of claim 34 wherein the controlled atmosphere is a hypoxic atmosphere.

36. The method of any one of claims 34-35 wherein at least 95% of air in the primary air veil is recycled through the incubator.

37. Canceled.

38. The method of claim 34 wherein less than 10% of the secondary air veil is recycled through the incubator.

39. The method of claim 34 wherein the primary air veil and/or the secondary air veil is a directional veil or a laminar flow veil.

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40. The method of claim 34 wherein the primary air veil is formed using a plurality of primary air flow control devices.

41. The method of claim 34 further comprising a step of using an incubator control circuit that controls a gas valve, a heater, and/or a humidifier, wherein the control circuit receives signals from a gas sensor, a temperature sensor, and/or a humidity sensor, wherein the gas sensor, the temperature sensor, and/or the humidity sensor sense a gas, a temperature and/or a humidity in the air that is recycled through the incubator.

42. The method of claim 34 wherein the atmosphere is controlled such that a temperature excursion, while access to the internal container is enabled from the outside position of the incubator, is less than 5 °C.

43. The method of claim 34 wherein the atmosphere is controlled such that a gas concentration excursion, while access to the internal container is enabled from the outside position of the incubator, is less than 2% (absolute).

44. The method of claim 34 wherein the atmosphere is controlled such that a humidity excursion, while access to the internal container is enabled from the outside position of the incubator, is less than 5% (absolute).

45. The method of claim 34 further comprising flowing a secondary air veil substantially parallel to the primary air veil.

46. The method of claim 34 wherein the primary air veil and/or the secondary air veil is a directional veil or a laminar flow veil.

47. A method of re-establishing a controlled atmosphere in an incubator, comprising: allowing access to an internal container of the incubator from an outside position of the incubator through a primary air veil and a secondary air veil that extend along or substantially parallel to a hypothetical plane covering an opening in the internal container, wherein access changes the controlled atmosphere; recirculating at least some of the air in the primary air veil through a recirculation space in the incubator while access is allowed; measuring at least one parameter of the controlled atmosphere in the recirculation space while the primary air veil is recirculated; and

46 adjusting the at least one parameter by injecting a gas into the recirculation space and/or heating the air in the recirculation space while the primary air veil is recirculated.

48. The method of claim 47 wherein at least 90% of air in the primary air veil is recycled through the incubator.

49. The method of any one of claims 47-48 wherein the step of adjusting is performed while access is allowed.

50. The method of claim 47 further comprising a step of changing a vane angle at a primary air flow control device that produces the primary air veil to enable mixing of air in the internal container of the incubator.

51. The method of claim 47 wherein the primary air veil is a directional veil or a laminar flow veil.

52. The method of claim 47 further comprising a step of directing at least a portion of the primary air veil into the internal container.

53. The method of claim 47 wherein the at least one parameter is O2 concentration, CO2 concentration, humidity, and/or temperature.

54. The method of claim 47 wherein the controlled atmosphere in the incubator is re established within equal or less than one minute from a maximum excursion.

55. A method of reducing excursion of an environmental parameter of a controlled atmosphere in an incubator while opening access to an internal container of the incubator from an outside position of the incubator, comprising: before opening a door to provide access to the internal container of the incubator, flowing a primary air veil along or parallel to a hypothetical plane covering an opening in the internal container of the incubator; upon establishing the primary air veil, moving the door in a compound motion that moves the door away and in an lateral motion from the opening; and upon moving the door, flowing a secondary air veil substantially parallel to the primary air veil.

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56. The method of claim 55 further comprising flowing a secondary air veil substantially parallel to the primary air veil.

57. The method of claim 56, wherein at least 90% of the air in the primary air veil is recirculated within the incubator, and wherein equal or less than 10% of the air in the secondary air veil is recirculated within the incubator.

58. The method of any one of claims 55-57 wherein a flow rate of the primary air veil is increased upon or after moving the door.

59. The method of any one of claims 55-57 wherein a portion of the primary air veil is directed into the internal container of the incubator.

60. The method of any one of claims 55-57 wherein the primary air veil is generated by a plurality of primary air flow control devices.

61. A method of reducing gas consumption in a controlled atmosphere incubator, comprising: feeding air, nitrogen, and/or carbon dioxide into a recirculation space in the incubator, wherein the recirculation space is fluidly coupled to a primary air flow control device; using the primary air flow control device to flow a primary air veil along or substantially parallel to a hypothetical plane covering an opening in an internal container of the incubator while access to the internal container is enabled from an outside position of the incubator; flowing a secondary air veil substantially parallel to the primary air veil; and wherein at least 90% of air in the primary air veil is recycled through the incubator.

62. The method of claim 61 wherein at least 95% of air in the primary air veil is recycled through the incubator.

63. The method of any one of claims 61-62 wherein the primary air veil is a directional veil or a laminar flow veil.

64. canceled.

65. The method of claim 61 wherein the gas consumption is tri-gas consumption.

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66. The method of claim 61 wherein the nitrogen is provided from a membrane fdter or pressure swing adsorption unit.

67. The method of claim 61 wherein the controlled atmosphere is a hypoxic atmosphere.

68. A gas supply system for a controlled atmosphere incubator, comprising: an ambient air compressor fluidly coupled to a gas mixing unit via a first conduit and producing compressed ambient air; a second conduit coupling the ambient air compressor to a pressure swing absorption (PSA) unit or a membrane filtration unit, wherein the PSA or membrane unit produces a nitrogen rich product from the compressed ambient air; wherein the second conduit further couples the PSA or membrane unit to the gas mixing unit; and a third conduit that couples the gas mixing unit to the controlled atmosphere incubator.

69. The gas supply system of claim 68 further comprising a source of compressed CCh fluidly coupled to the gas mixing unit via a fourth conduit.

70. The gas supply system of claim 68 wherein the first, the second, the third, and/or the third conduit comprise a flow control valve.

71. The gas supply system of claim 68 further comprising an O2 and a CO2 sensor downstream of the gas mixing unit.

72. The gas supply system of claim 68 wherein the first and/or the second conduit further comprise a surge tank.

73. The gas supply system of claim 68 wherein the third conduit is fluidly coupled to a reservoir upstream of the controlled atmosphere incubator.

74. The gas supply system of claim 68 wherein the third conduit is fluidly coupled to a second reservoir upstream of a second controlled atmosphere incubator.

75. The gas supply system of claim 68 wherein the first, second, and the third conduit further comprise a mass flow meter.

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76. An incubator, comprising: a housing that at least partially encloses an internal container, wherein the internal container has an opening; a primary air flow control device coupled to the housing and/or internal container and positioned relative to the internal container to direct a primary air veil along or substantially parallel to a hypothetical plane covering the opening; a secondary air flow control device coupled to the housing and/or internal container and positioned relative to the internal container to direct a secondary air veil parallel to the primary air veil; and a door coupled to the housing and/or internal container such that the entire door is movable away from the hypothetical plane and such that the entire door is moveable in a horizontal or vertical direction.

77. The incubator of claim 76 wherein the housing, the internal container, and the primary air flow control device are positioned relative to each other to form a recirculation space that allows for recirculation of air in the primary air veil.

78. The incubator of claim 77 wherein the recirculation space at least partially encloses a plurality of sensors selected from the group consisting of a CO2 sensor, an O2 sensor, a humidity sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, and temperature sensor, and further at least partially encloses a sterilization unit, a high-efficiency particulate air (HEP A) filter, an activated charcoal filter, and/or a heater.

79. The incubator of any one of claims 76-78 further comprising a primary and/or secondary suction fan, wherein the primary suction fan is positioned to receive air from the primary air veil, and wherein the secondary suction fan is positioned to receive air from the flow air veil.

80. The incubator of claim 79 wherein the secondary air flow control device is configured to receive ambient air and wherein the secondary suction fan expels the secondary air veil to the ambient air.

81. The incubator of claim 76 wherein the primary air veil and/or the secondary air veil is a directional veil or a laminar flow veil.

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82. The incubator of claim 76 wherein the primary air flow control device recirculates at least 90% of all air in the primary air veil through the recirculation space.

83. The incubator of claim 76 wherein the primary air flow control device further comprises a movable vane that controls a direction of the primary air veil.

84. The incubator of claim 76 further comprising a control unit having a microprocessor and a memory storing instructions executable on the microprocessor, wherein the instructions cause the control unit to: d) down-regulate the primary air flow control device and optionally cause movement of a vane coupled to the primary air flow control device upon the door moving into a closed position; e) up-regulate the primary air flow control device and an optional secondary air flow control device upon the door moving into an open position; and/or f) cause movement of a vane coupled to the primary air flow control device when the door is in the open position.

85. The incubator of claim 84 wherein the control unit is further electronically coupled to a temperature sensor, a gas sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, and/or a humidity sensor, and wherein the instructions cause the control unit to activate a heater, open a gas valve to allow entry of a gas into the incubator, and/or activate a humidifier.

86. The incubator of claim 84 wherein the control unit is further electronically coupled to an access control device that is programmed to receive a user command and/or validate an authorized user of the incubator, and wherein the instructions cause the control unit to move the door from the closed to the open position upon receiving the user command and/or validation of the authorized user.

87. The incubator of claim 86 wherein the user commend is a voice command or user gesture, and/or wherein the authorized user is validated by face recognition.

88. The incubator of claim 76 wherein the door, when in a closed position, is positioned in an area otherwise occupied by the secondary air veil.

89. The incubator of claim 76 wherein the primary and/or secondary air veil has an airflow between about 0.3 to 0.6 m/s.

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90. The incubator of claim 76 wherein the internal container has a volume of between 10 and

200 L.

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