FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to novel compounds that inhibit LRRK2 kinase activity, processes for their preparation, compositions containing them and their use in the treatment of diseases associated with or characterized by LRRK2 kinase activity, for example, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by selective degeneration and cell death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantial nigra region of the brain. Parkinson's disease was generally considered to be sporadic and of unknown etiology, but, in the last 15 years, there has been an important development of the understanding of the genetic basis of this disease and associated pathogenic mechanisms. One area of the development is the understanding of leucine rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) protein. A number of mis-sense mutations in the LRRK2 gene have been strongly linked with autosomal dominant Parkinson's disease in familial studies (See WO2006068492 and WO2006045392; Trinh and Farrer 2013, Nature Reviews in Neurology 9: 445-454; Paisan- Ruiz et al., 2013, J. Parkinson's Disease 3: 85-103). The G2019S mutation in LRRK2 is the most frequent mis-sense mutation and is associated with a clinical phenotype that closely resembles sporadic Parkinson's disease. The LRRK2 G2019S mutation is also present in approximately 1 .5% of sporadic Parkinson's disease cases (See Gilks et al., 2005, Lancet, 365: 415-416). In addition to the known pathogenic coding mutations in LRRK2, additional amino acid coding variants of LRRK2 have been identified that are also associated with risk of developing Parkinson's disease (See Ross et al., 201 1 Lancet Neurology 10: 898-908). Furthermore, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified LRRK2 as a Parkinson's disease susceptibility locus, which indicates that LRRK2 may be also relevant to sporadic Parkinson's disease cases without mutations that cause amino acid substitutions in the LRRK2 protein. (See Satake et al., 2009 Nature Genetics 41 :1303-1307; Simon- Sanchez et al 2009 Nature Genetics 41 : 1308-1312)

LRRK2 is a member of the ROCO protein family and all members of this family share five conserved domains. The most common pathogenic mutation G2019S occurs in the highly conserved kinase domain of LRRK2. This mutation confers an increase in the LRRK2 kinase activity in in vitro enzyme assays of recombinant LRRK2 proteins (See Jaleel et al., 2007, Biochem J, 405: 307-317) and in LRRK2 proteins purified from G2019S PD patient- derived cells (See Dzamko et al., 2010 Biochem. J. 430: 405-413). A less frequent LRRK2 pathogenic mutation that confers amino acid substitution at a different residue, R1441 , has also been shown to elevate LRRK2 kinase activity by decreasing the rate of GTP hydrolysis by the GTPase domain of LRRK2 (See Guo et al., 2007 Exp Cell Res. 313: 3658-3670; West et al., 2007 Hum. Mol Gen. 16: 223-232). Moreover, phosphorylation of Rab protein physiologic substrates of LRRK2 has been shown to be increased by a range of Parkinson's disease pathogenic mutations of LRRK2 (See Steger et al., 2016 eLife 5 e12813).

Therefore, the evidence indicates that the kinase and GTPase activities of LRRK2 are important for pathogenesis, and that the LRRK2 kinase domain may regulate overall LRRK2 function (See Cookson, 2010 Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 1 1 : 791 -797).

There is evidence to show that the increased LRRK2 kinase activity is associated with neuronal toxicity in cell culture models (See Smith et al., 2006 Nature Neuroscience 9: 1231 - 1233) and kinase inhibitor compounds protect against LRRK2-mediated cell death (See Lee et al., 2010 Nat. Med. 16: 998-1000). LRRK2 has also been reported to act as a negative regulator of microglial-mediated clearance of alpha-synuclein (See Maekawa et al., 2016 BMC Neuroscience 17:77), suggesting a possible utility of LRRK2 inhibitors in promoting clearance of neurotoxic forms of alpha-synuclein in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.

Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from LRRK2 G2019S Parkinson's disease patients have been found to exhibit defects in neurite outgrowth and increased susceptibility to rotenone, that may be ameliorated by either genetic correction of the G2019S mutation or treatment of cells with small molecule inhibitors of LRRK2 kinase activity (See Reinhardt et al., 2013 Cell Stem Cell 12: 354-367). Mitochondrial DNA damage has been reported as a molecular marker of vulnerable dopamine neurons in substantia nigra of postmortem

Parkinson's disease specimens (See Sanders et al 2014 Neurobiol. Dis. 70: 214-223).

Increased levels of such mitochondrial DNA damage associated with LRRK2 G2019S mutation in iSPCs is blocked by genetic correction of the G2019S mutation (See Sanders et al., 2014 Neurobiol. Dis. 62: 381 -386).

Additional evidence links LRRK2 function and dysfunction with autophagy-lysosomal pathways (See Manzoni and Lewis, 2013 Faseb J. 27:3234-3429). LRRK2 proteins confer defects in chaperone-mediated autophagy that negatively impact the ability of cells to degrade alpha-synuclein (Orenstein et al., 2013 Nature Neurosci. 16 394-406). In other cell models, selective LRRK2 inhibitors have been shown to stimulate macroautophagy (See Manzoni et al., 2013 BBA Mol. Cell Res. 1833: 2900-2910). These data suggest that small molecule inhibitors of LRRK2 kinase activity may have utility in the treatment of diseases characterized by defects in cellular proteostasis that result from aberrant

autophagy/lysosomal degradation pathways including forms of Parkinson's disease associated with GBA mutations (See Swan and Saunders-Pullman 2013 Curr. Neurol.

Neurosci Rep. 13: 368), other alpha-synucleinopathies, tauopathies, Alzheimer's disease (See Li et al., 2010 Neurodegen. Dis. 7: 265-271 ) and other neurodegenerative diseases (See Nixon 2013 Nat. Med. 19: 983-997) and Gaucher disease (See Westbroek et al., 201 1 Trends. Mol. Med. 17: 485-493). As promoters of autophagy, small molecule inhibitors of LRRK2 kinase may also have utility in the treatment of other diseases including diabetes, obesity, motor neuron disease, epilepsy and some cancers (See Rubinsztein et al., 2012 Nat.Rev. Drug Discovery 1 1 : 709-730), pulmonary diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (See Araya et al., 2013 Intern. Med. 52: 2295-2303) and autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (See Martinez et al., 2016 Nature 533: 1 15-1 19). As promoters of autophagy and phagocytic processes, small molecule inhibitors of LRRK2 kinase may also have utility in augmenting host responses in the treatment of a range of intracellular bacterial infections, parasitic infections and viral infections, including diseases such as tuberculosis (See Rubinsztein et al., 2012 Nat.Rev. Drug Discovery 1 1 : 709-730; Araya et al., 2013 Intern. Med. 52: 2295-2303;

Gutierrez, Biochemical Society Conference; Leucine rich repeat kinase 2: ten years along the road to therapeutic intervention, Henley Business School, UK 12 July 2016), HIV, West Nile Virus and chikungunya virus (see Shoji-Kawata et al., 2013 Nature 494: 201 -206).

LRRK2 inhibitors may have utility in the treatment of such diseases alone, or in combination with drugs that directly target the infectious agent. Further, significantly elevated levels of LRRK2 mRNA have also been observed in fibroblasts of Niemann-Pick Type C (NPC) disease patients compared with fibroblasts of normal subjects, which indicates that aberrant LRRK2 function may play a role in lysosomal disorders (See Reddy et al., 2006 PLOS One 1 (1 ):e19 doi: 10.1371/journal. pone.0000019 - supporting information Dataset S1 ). This observation suggests that LRRK2 inhibitors may have utility for the treatment of NPC. The PD-associated G2019S mutant form of LRRK2 has also been reported to enhance phosphorylation of tubulin-associated Tau (See Kawakami et al., 2012 PLoS ONE 7:

e30834, doi 10.1371 ), and disease models have been proposed in which LRRK2 acts upstream of the pathogenic effects of Tau and alpha-synuclein (See Taymans & Cookson, 2010, BioEssays 32: 227-235). In support of this, LRRK2 expression has been associated with increased aggregation of insoluble Tau, and increased Tau phosphorylation, in a transgenic mouse model (See Bailey et al., 2013 Acta Neuropath. 126:809-827). Over- expression of the PD pathogenic mutant protein LRRK2 R1441 G is reported to cause symptoms of Parkinson's disease and hyperphosphorylation of Tau in transgenic mouse models (See Li, Y. et al. 2009, Nature Neuroscience 12: 826-828). Therefore, these data suggest that LRRK2 inhibitors of kinase catalytic activity may be useful for the treatment of tauopathy diseases characterized by hyperphosphorylation of Tau such as argyrophilic grain disease, Pick's disease, corticobasal degeneration, progressive supranuclear palsy and inherited frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 (FTDP-17) (See Goedert, M and Jakes, R (2005) Biochemica et Biophysica Acta 1739, 240-250). In addition, LRRK2 inhibitors may have utility in the treatment of other diseases characterized by diminished dopamine levels such as withdrawal symptoms/relapse associated with drug addiction (See Rothman et al., 2008, Prog. Brain Res, 172: 385).

Other studies have also shown that overexpression of the G2019S mutant form of LRRK2 confers defects in subventricular zone (SVZ) neuroprogenitor cell proliferation and migration in transgenic mouse models (See Winner et al., 201 1 Neurobiol. Dis. 41 : 706-716) and reduces neurite length and branching cell culture models (See Dachsel et al., 2010

Parkinsonism & Related Disorders 16: 650-655). Moreover, it was reported that agents that promote SVZ neuroprogenitor cell proliferation and migration also improve neurological outcomes following ischemic injury in rodent models of stroke (See Zhang et al., 2010 J. Neurosci. Res. 88: 3275-3281 ). These findings suggest that compounds that inhibit aberrant activity of LRRK2 may have utility for the treatments designed to stimulate restoration of CNS functions following neuronal injury, such as ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury.

Mutations in LRRK2 have also been identified that are clinically associated with the transition from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's disease (See WO2007149798). These data suggest that inhibitors of LRRK2 kinase activity may be useful for the treatment diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, other dementias and related neurodegenerative disorders. Aberrant regulation of normal LRRK2 proteins is also observed in some disease tissues and models of disease. Normal mechanisms of translational control of LRRK2 by miR-205 are perturbed in some sporadic PD cases, where significant decreases in miR-205 levels in PD brain samples concur with elevated LRRK2 protein levels in those samples (See Cho et al., (2013) Hum. Mol. Gen. 22: 608-620). Therefore, LRRK2 inhibitors may be used in the treatment of sporadic PD patients who have elevated levels of normal LRRK2 proteins. In an experimental model of Parkinson's disease in marmosets, an elevation of LRRK2 mRNA is observed in a manner that correlates with the level of L-Dopa induced dyskinesia (See Hurley, M.J et al., 2007 Eur. J. Neurosci. 26: 171 -177). This suggests that LRRK2 inhibitors may have a utility in amelioration of such dyskinesias.

Significantly elevated levels of LRRK2 mRNA have been reported in ALS patient muscle biopsy samples (See Shtilbans et al., 201 1 Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis 12: 250-256) It is suggested that elevated levels of LRRK2 kinase activity may be a characteristic feature of ALS. Therefore, this observation indicated that LRRK2 inhibitor may have utility for the treatment of ALS.

There is also evidence indicating that LRRK2 kinase activity may play a role in mediating microglial proinflammatory responses (See Moehle et al., 2012, J. Neuroscience 32: 1602- 161 1 ). This observation suggests a possible utility of LRRK2 inhibitors for the treatment of aberrant neuroinflammatory mechanisms that contribute to a range of neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, HIV- induced dementia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury. Some evidence also indicates that LRRK2 plays a role in regulating neuronal progenitor differentiation in vitro (See Milosevic, J. et al., 2009 Mol. Neurodegen. 4: 25). This evidence suggests that inhibitors of LRRK2 may have a utility in production of neuronal progenitor cells in vitro for consequent therapeutic application in cell based- treatment of CNS disorders.

It has been reported that Parkinson's disease patients bearing LRRK2 G2019S mutation display increased frequency of non-skin cancers, including renal, breast, lung and prostate cancers, as well as acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Since there is evidence to show that G2019S mutation in LRRK2 increases catalytic activity of the LRRK2 kinase domain, small molecule inhibitors of LRRK2 may have a utility in the treatment of cancers, for example kidney cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer (e.g. solid tumors) and blood cancer (See. AML; Saunders-Pullman et al., 2010, Movement Disorders, 25:2536- 2541 ; Inzelberg et al., 2012 Neurology 78: 781 -786). Amplification and over-expression of LRRK2 has also been reported in papillary renal and thyroid carcinomas, where co- operativity between LRRK2 and the MET oncogene may promote tumor cell growth and survival (See Looyenga et al., 201 1 PNAS 108: 1439-1444.)

Some studies have suggested that there is a genetic association of common LRRK2 variants with susceptibility to ankylosing spondylitis (See Danoy P, et al., 2010. PLoS Genet.; 6(12):e1001 195; and leprosy infection (See Zhang FR, et al. 2009, N Engl J Med. 361 :2609- 18.). These findings suggest that inhibitors of LRRK2 may have utility in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis and leprosy infection. Meta-analysis of three genome wide associated scans for Crohn's disease identified a number of loci associated with the disease, including the locus containing the LRRK2 gene (See Barrett et al., 2008, Nature Genetics, 40: 955-962). Evidence has also emerged that LRRK2 is an I FN- γ target gene that may be involved in signaling pathways relevant to Crohn's disease pathogenesis (See Gardet et al., 2010, J. Immunology, 185: 5577-5585). These findings suggest that inhibitors of LRRK2 may have utility in the treatment of Crohn's disease.

As an IFN-γ target gene, LRRK2 may also play a role in T cell mechanisms that underlie other diseases of the immune system such as multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Further potential utility of LRRK2 inhibitors comes from the reported finding that B lymphocytes constitute a major population of LRRK2 expressing cells (See Maekawa et al. 2010, BBRC 392: 431 -435). This suggests that LRRK2 inhibitors may be effective in the treatment of diseases of the immune system for which B cell depletion is, or may be, effective in diseases such as lymphomas, leukemias, multiple sclerosis (See Ray et al., 201 1 J. Immunol. 230: 109), rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, pure red cell aplasia, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), Evans syndrome, vasculitis, bullous skin disorders, type 1 diabetes mellitus, Sjogren's syndrome, Devic's disease and inflammatory myopathies (See Engel et al., 201 1 Pharmacol. Rev. 63: 127-156; Homam et al., 2010 J. Clin. Neuromuscular Disease 12: 91 -102).

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides, in a first aspect, a compound of Formula (I)

Formula (I)

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein

X is CH or N; n is 2, 3, 4 or 5;

A is O or NR ^a , wherein

R ^a is

H;

Ci-4alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl, wherein Ci-3alkoxyl is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;

C3-6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci- 3alkoxyl; or

four to seven-membered heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, and the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo and Ci-3alkyl, which Ci-3alkyl is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;

1 ) H, halo, CN;

2) Ci-4alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl, which Ci- 3alkoxyl is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;

3) C2-6alkenyl optionally substituted with one to three halo or Ci-3alkyl, which Ci-3alkyl is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents ;

4) C2-6alkynyl optionally substituted with one to three Ci-3alkyl substituents, which Ci- 3alkyl is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;;

5) Ci-4alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;

6) C3-6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Ci-3alkoxyl and Ci-3alkyl, wherein Ci-3alkoxyl and Ci-3alkyl are optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;

7) -OC3-6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Ci-3alkoxyl and Ci-3alkyl;

8) four to seven-membered heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, and the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Ci-3alkoxyl and Ci-3alkyl;

9) -O-heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, wherein the heterocyclyl ring is a four to seven-membered ring optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Ci-3alkoxyl and Ci-3alkyl; or

10) -SCi-4alkyl optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;

R ₂ is

H, halo, CN;

Ci-4alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;

Ci-4alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl, which Ci-3alkoxyl is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents; or

C3-6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

Rs is

1 ) H;

2) -CO-Z, wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of

four to seven-membered heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N;

C3-6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Ci-3alkyl, and Ci-3alkoxyl; and

Ci-6alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo and Ci-3alkoxyl;

3) four to seven-membered heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, and the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of

halo;

cyano;

Ci-3alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl; Ci-3alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl; and

four to seven-membered heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, and the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, Ci-3alkyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

Ci-6alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of

CN, hydroxyl, halo;

Ci-4alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

-CO-Q, wherein Q is Ci-4alkoxyl, hydroxylor NR _c Rd, wherein R _c and Rd are each independently H or Ci-4alkyl;

four to seven-membered heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N , wherein the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;

C3-7cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of

halo, hydroxyl;

Ci-3alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

Ci-4alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl; and four to seven-membered heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, wherein the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Ci-3alkyl, and Ci-3alkoxyl; 6) C-linked 7-9 membered bridged cyclyl ring optionally having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Ci-3alkyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

7) C-linked 7-10 membered spirane cyclyl ring optionally having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Ci-3alkyl and Ci-3alkoxyl; or

8) C-linked 6-9 membered fused cyclyl ring optionally having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Ci-3alkyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

R ₄ and Rs, at each occurrence, are each independently selected from the group consisting of

H, halo, hydroxyl;

Ci _-4 alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, Ci _-4 alkoxyl, OCi _-4 haloalkyl, and four to seven- membered heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N;

C3-6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci _-4 alkoxy;

four to seven-membered heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, wherein the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Ci-3alkyl, and Ci-3alkoxyl; and

Ci _-4 alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci-4alkoxyl.

In a further aspect of the invention, the invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

A further aspect of the invention provides a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use in the treatment or prevention of Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). DETAI LED DESCRI PTION OF THE INVENTION The foregoing and other aspects of the present invention will now be described in more detail with respect to the description and methodologies provided herein. It should be appreciated that the invention can be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the description of the embodiments of the invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Also, as used herein, "and/or" refers to and

encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.

Generally, the nomenclature used herein and the laboratory procedures in organic chemistry, medicinal chemistry, biology described herein are those well known and commonly employed in the art. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein generally have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. In the event that there is a plurality of definitions for a term used herein, those in this section prevail unless stated otherwise.

A. Definitions

As used herein, "alkyl" refers to a monovalent, saturated hydrocarbon chain having a specified number of carbon atoms. For example, C1-4 alkyl refers to an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Alkyl groups may be straight or branched. In some

embodiments, branched alkyl groups may have one to three branches. Examples of alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, propyl (n-propyl and isopropyl), butyl, pentyl and hexyl. As used herein, "-SC1-4 alkyl" refers to a C1-4 alkyl group that is linked to the core through a sulfur (S) atom.

As used herein, "alkoxyl" refers to the group -O-alkyl. For example, Ci-6 alkoxyl groups contain from 1 to 6 carbon atoms. C1-4 alkoxyl groups contain from 1 to 4 carbon atoms. C1-3 alkoxyl groups contain from 1 to 3 carbon atoms. Examples of alkoxyl groups include, but are not limited to, methoxyl, ethoxyl, propoxyl, butoxyl, pentyloxyl, and hexyloxyl.

As used herein, "cycloalkyl" refers to a saturated monocyclic hydrocarbon ring having a specified number of carbon atoms. For example, C3-6 cycloalkyl contains 3 to 6 carbon atoms as member atoms in the ring. -OC3-6 cycloalkyl refers to a C3-6 cycloalkyl group that is linked to the core through an oxygen atom. Examples of C3-6 cycloalkyl include, but are not limited to, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl. As used herein, "alkenyl" refers to a straight or branched hydrocarbon chain having a specified number of carbon atoms, containing at least one double bond. For example, C2-6 alkenyl refers to an alkenyl group having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms. Exemplary akenyl groups include, but are not limited to, ethenyl (i.e., vinyl), prop-1 -enyl (i.e., allyl), but-1 -enyl, pent-1 -enyl and hexenyl.

As used herein, "alkynyl" refers to a straight or branched hydrocarbon chain having a specified number of carbon atoms, containing at least one triple bond. For example, C2-6 alkynyl refers to an alkynyl group having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms. Examples of alkynyl groups include, but are not limited to, ethynyl, propynyl, butynyl, pentynyl and hexynyl.

As used herein, "halogen" refers to fluorine (F), chlorine (CI), bromine (Br), or iodine (I). "Halo" refers to the halogen radicals: fluoro (-F), chloro (-CI), bromo (-Br), or iodo (-I).

As used herein, "haloalkyl" refers to an alkyl group, as defined above, substituted with one or more halogen atoms independently selected from F, CI, Br, or I , on any or all of the carbon atoms of the alkyl group. For example, Ci-4haloalkyl refers to a Ci-4alkyl group substituted with one or more halogen atoms. -OCi-4haloalky refers to a Ci-4haloalkyl group that is linked through an oxygen atom. Exemplary haloalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, fluoromethyl, chloromethyl, bromoethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, and dichloromethyl.

As used herein, "substituted" in reference to a group indicates that one or more hydrogen atom(s) attached to a member atom (e.g., carbon atom) within the group is replaced with a substituent selected from the group of defined substituents. It should be understood that the term "substituted" includes the implicit provision that such substitution is in accordance with the permitted valence of the substituted atom and the substituent and that the substitution results in a stable compound (i.e. one that does not spontaneously undergo transformation such as by rearrangement, cyclization, or elimination and that is sufficiently robust to survive isolation from a reaction mixture). When it is stated that a group may contain one or more substituent(s), one or more (as appropriate) member atom(s) within the group may be substituted. In addition, a single member atom within the group may be substituted with more than one substituent as long as such substitution is in accordance with the permitted valence of the atom.

As used herein, "optionally substituted" indicates that a particular group, such as alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxyl, heterocyclyl, cycloalkyl, , may be unsubstituted, or may be substituted as further defined.

As used herein, "heterocyclyl" or "heterocyclyl ring" is a monovalent radical derived by removal of a hydrogen atom from a saturated monocyclic ring, which ring consists of ring carbon atoms and 1 or 2 ring heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen and oxygen. The number of ring atoms may be specified. For example, a "four to seven-membered heterocyclyl," or "four to seven-membered heterocyclyl ring," is a heterocyclyl or heterocyclyl ring as defined above consisting of four to seven ring atoms. Other ring heteroatoms (nitrogen or oxygen) may additionally be present. A heterocyclyl ring may be linked to the core thorough an atom that is not part of the ring. For example, an "O-heterocyclyl" or "O- heterocyclyl ring" is a heterocyclyl or herterocyclyl ring as defined above that is linked to the core through an oxygen atom. In one embodiment, the heterocyclyl ring is attached directly to the core. Examples of heterocyclyl rings include, but are not limited to, oxetanyl, azetidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl (including, for example, tetrahydrofuran-2-yl and

tetrahydrofuran-3-yl), pyrrolidinyl (including, for example, pyrrolidin-1 -yl and pyrrolidin-3-yl), tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl or oxanyl (including, for example, tetrahydro-2/-/-pyran-3-yl or oxayn- 3-yl and tetrahydro-2/-/-pyran-4-yl or oxan-4-yl), piperidinyl (including, for example, piperidin- 3-yl and piperidin-4-yl) and morpholinyl (including, for example, morpholin-2-yl and morpholin-4-yl).

As used herein, the term "oxygen-containing heterocyclyl" or "oxygen-containing heterocyclyl ring" is a monovalent radical derived by removal of a hydrogen atom from a saturated monocyclic ring, which ring consists of ring carbon atoms and 1 oxygen atom. The number of ring atoms may be specified. For example, a "four to seven-membered oxygen-containing heterocyclyl," or "four to seven-membered oxygen-containing heterocyclyl ring," is an oxygen containing heterocyclyl or oxygen containing heterocyclyl ring as defined above consisting of four to seven ring atoms. Examples of oxygen-containing heterocyclyl rings include, but are not limited to, oxetanyl, tetrahydrofuranyl (including, for example, tetrahydrofuran-2-yl and tetrahydrofuran-3-yl), tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl or oxanyl (including, for example, tetrahydro-2/-/- pyran-3-yl or oxayn-3-yl and tetrahydro-2/-/-pyran-4-yl or oxan-4-yl),

As used herein, the term "nitrogen-containing heterocyclyl" or "nitrogen-containing heterocyclyl ring" is a monovalent radical derived by removal of a hydrogen atom from a saturated monocyclic ring, which ring consists of ring carbon atoms and 1 nitrogen atom. The number of ring atoms may be specified. For example, a "four to seven-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclyl," or "four to seven-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclyl ring," is a nitrogen-containing heterocyclyl or nitrogen-containing heterocyclyl ring as defined above consisting of four to seven ring atoms. Examples of nitrogen- containing heterocyclyl rings include, but are not limited to azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl (including, for example, pyrrolidin-1 -yl and pyrrolidin-3-yl) and piperidinyl (including, for example, piperidin-3-yl and piperidin-4-yl). As used herein, the term "bridged cyclyl ring" refers to a monovalent radical derived by removal of a hydrogen atom from a bridged ring (a ring in which two non adjacent ring atoms are linked by a bridge containing at least one atom), which consists of carbon atoms and 0 to 2 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen and oxygen. In one embodiment, the bridged cyclyl ring is saturated. The number of atoms in the ring and bridge may be specified. For example, the term 7-9 membered bridged cyclyl ring refers to a bridged cyclyl ring that has a total of 7 to 9 atoms in the ring plus bridge. The term "C-linked 7-9 membered bridged cyclyl ring" refers to a 7-9 membered bridged cyclyl ring as defined above that contains one carbon ring atom through which it is linked to the core. Examples of bridged cyclic rings include, but are not limited to, ^ ZD ³ , , I _{t t} ^°, KC°, ¾ HS>_ _and .

As used herein, the term "spirane cyclyl ring" refers to a monovalent radical derived by removal of a hydrogen atom from two rings connected through just one atom. The spirane cyclyl ring consists of carbon atoms and 0 to 2 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen and oxygen but the spiro atom must be carbon. In one embodiment, the spirane cyclyl ring is saturated. The number of atoms in the spirane cyclyl ring may be specified. For example, a 7-10 membered spirane cyclyl ring refers to a spirane cyclyl ring that has a total of 7 to 10 atoms in the two rings (including the spiro-atom). The term "C-linked 7-10 membered spirane cyclyl ring" refers to a 7-10 membered spirane cyclyl ring as defined above that contains one carbon ring atom through which it is linked to the core. Examples of spirane cyclyl rings and C-linked spirane cyclyl rings include, but are not limited to, l ^~ 0,

As used herein, the term "fused cyclyl ring" refers to a monovalent radical derived by removal of a hydrogen atom from a bicyclic ring (two rings sharing one bond), which consists of carbon atoms and 0 to 2 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen and oxygen. The number of atoms in a fused cyclyl ring may be specified. In one embodiment, the fused cyclyl ring is saturated. For example, the term 6-9 membered fused cyclyl ring refers to a fused bicyclic ring that has a total of 6 to 9 atoms in the two rings. The term "C-linked 6-9 membered fused cyclyl ring" refers to a 6-9 membered fused bicyclic ring as defined above that contains at least one carbon ring atom through which it is linked to the core. One or two other ring heteroatoms (nitrogen or oxygen) may additionally be present. Examples of fused

-½R ₄ R ₅ ¼- ' ^; n

As used herein, the structure or (CR ₄ Rs)n refers to , as would be understood by a skilled artisan.

As used herein, the term "leaving group" means the group with the meaning conventionally associated with it in synthetic organic chemistry, i.e., an atom or group displaceable under substitution reaction conditions. Examples of leaving groups include, but are not limited to, methanesulfonate and 4-methylbenzenesulfonate.

As used herein, the term "protecting group" or "protective group" means the group with the meaning conveventionally associated with it in synthetic chemistry, i.e., a group that selectively blocks one reactive site in a compound that has multiple reactive sites such that a chemical reaction can be carried out selectively at another unprotected reactive site. Some processes of this invention rely upon the protective groups to block reactive nitrogen and/or oxygen atoms present in the reactants. Examples of protective groups include, but are not limited to tetrahydro-2/-/-pyran, Boc(tert-butyloxycarbonyl) or ((trimethylsilyl)ethoxy)methyl).

As used herein, the term "disease" refers to any alteration in state of the body or of some of the organs, interrupting or disturbing the performance of the functions and/or causing symptoms such as discomfort, dysfunction, distress, or even death to the person afflicted. A disease can also include a distemper, ailing, ailment, malady, disorder, sickness, illness, complain, interdisposition and/or affectation. As used herein, "treat", "treating" or "treatment" in reference to a disease means: (1 ) to ameliorate the disease or one or more of the biological manifestations of the disease, (2) to interfere with (a) one or more points in the biological cascade that leads to or is responsible for the disease or (b) one or more of the biological manifestations of the disease, (3) to alleviate one or more of the symptoms or effects associated with the disease, (4) to slow the progression of the disease or one or more of the biological manifestations of the disease, and/or (5) to diminish the likelihood of severity of a disease or biological manifestations of the disease. Symptomatic treatment refers to treatment as referred to in point (1 ), (3) and (5). Disease modifying treatment refers to treatment as defined in point (2) and (4). As used herein, "prevent", "preventing" or "prevention" means the prophylactic administration of a drug to diminish the likelihood of the onset of or to delay the onset of a disease or biological manifestation thereof.

As used herein, "subject" means a mammalian subject (e.g., dog, cat, horse, cow, sheep, goat, monkey, etc.), and human subjects including both male and female subjects, and including neonatal, infant, juvenile, adolescent, adult and geriatric subjects, and further including various races and ethnicities including, but are not limited to, white, black, Asian, American Indian and Hispanic.

As used herein, "pharmaceutically acceptable salt(s)" refers to salt(s) that retain the desired biological activity of the subject compound and exhibit minimal undesired toxicological effects. These pharmaceutically acceptable salts may be prepared in situ during the final isolation and purification of the compound, or by separately reacting the purified compound in its free acid or free base form with a suitable base or acid, respectively. As used herein, "therapeutically effective amount" in reference to a compound of the invention means an amount of the compound sufficient to treat or prevent the patient's disease but low enough to avoid serious side effects (at a reasonable benefit/risk ratio) within the scope of sound medical judgment. A therapeutically effective amount of a compound will vary with the particular compound chosen (e.g. consider the potency, efficacy, and half-life of the compound); the route of administration chosen; the disease being treated; the severity of the disease being treated; the age, size, weight, and physical disease of the patient being treated; the medical history of the patient to be treated; the duration of the treatment; the nature of concurrent therapy; the desired therapeutic effect; and like factors, but can nevertheless be routinely determined by the skilled artisans. B. Compounds

This invention provides, in a first aspect, a compound of Formula (I):

Formula (I)

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein

X is CH or N;

n is 2, 3, 4 or 5;

A is O or NR ^a , wherein

R ^a is

H;

Ci-4alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl, wherein Ci-3alkoxyl is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;

C3-6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci- 3alkoxyl; or

four to seven-membered heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, and the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo and Ci-3alkyl, which Ci-3alkyl is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;

1 ) H, halo, CN;

2) Ci-4alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl, which Ci- 3alkoxyl is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;

3) C2-6alkenyl optionally substituted with one to three halo or Ci-3alkyl, which Ci-3alkyl is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents ;

4) C2-6alkynyl optionally substituted with one to three Ci-3alkyl substituents, which Ci- 3alkyl is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;;

5) Ci-4alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;

6) C3-6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Ci-3alkoxyl and Ci-3alkyl, wherein Ci-3alkoxyl and Ci-3alkyl are optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;

7) -OC3-6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Ci-3alkoxyl and Ci-3alkyl;

8) four to seven-membered heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, and the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Ci-3alkoxyl and Ci-3alkyl;

9) -O-heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, wherein the heterocyclyl ring is a four to seven-membered ring optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Ci-3alkoxyl and Ci-3alkyl; or

10) -SCi-4alkyl optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;

R ₂ is

H, halo, CN;

Ci-4alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;

Ci-4alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl, which Ci-3alkoxyl is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents; or C3-6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

is

1 ) H;

2) -CO-Z, wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of

four to seven-membered heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N;

C3-6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Ci-3alkyl, and Ci-3alkoxyl; and

Ci-6alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo and Ci-3alkoxyl;

3) four to seven-membered heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, and the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of

halo;

cyano;

Ci-3alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

Ci-3alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl; and

four to seven-membered heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, and the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, Ci-3alkyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

4) Ci-6alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of

CN, hydroxyl, halo;

Ci-4alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl; -CO-Q, wherein Q is Ci-4alkoxyl, hydroxyl or NR _c Rd, wherein R _c and Rd are each independently H or Ci-4alkyl;

four to seven-membered heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, wherein the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;

C3-7cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of

halo, hydroxyl;

Ci-3alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

Ci-4alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl; and four to seven-membered heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, wherein the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Ci-3alkyl, and Ci-3alkoxyl;

) C-linked 7-9 membered bridged cyclyl ring optionally having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Ci-3alkyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

) C-linked 7-10 membered spirane cyclyl ring optionally having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Ci-3alkyl and Ci-3alkoxyl; or

) C-linked 6-9 membered fused cyclyl ring optionally having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Ci-3alkyl and Ci-3alkoxyl; R ₄ and R5, at each occurrence, are each independently selected from the group consisting of

H, halo, hydroxyl;

Ci _-4 alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, Ci _-4 alkoxy, OCi _-4 haloalkyl, and four to seven- membered heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N;

C3-6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci _-4 alkoxyl;

four to seven-mem bered heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, wherein the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Ci-3alkyl, and Ci-3alkoxyl; and

Ci _-4 alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci-4alkoxyl.

In certain embodiment, X is CH or N; n is 2, 3, 4 or 5; and A is O or NR ^a , wherein R ^a is H or Ci _-4 alkyl optionally substituted with Ci-3alkoxyl. In one embodiment, A is NR ^a and R ^a is H, or Ci _-4 alkyl, which Ci _-4 alkyl group is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl, wherein Ci-3alkoxyl is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents. In one embodiment, A is NR ^a and R ^a is H, or Ci _-4 alkyl which Ci _-4 alkyl group is optionally substituted with one substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl.

In one embodiment, A is NR ^a and R ^a is H, methyl or ethyl.

In one embodiment, A is NR ^a and R ^a is H. In one embodiment, X is N. In one embodiment, A is NR ^a , R ^a is H and X is N. In one embodiment, Ri is::

H, halo, CN;

Ci-4alkyl optionally substituted with one to three halo groups;

Ci-4alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three halo groups;

C2-6alkenyl;

C2-6alkynyl; or

C3-6cycloalkyl.

In one embodiment, Ri is H, halo, CN, Ci-4alkoxyl, C2-6alkenyl, C2-6alkynyl or Ci-4alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl.

In certain embodiment, Ri is selected from the group consisting of H, halo, CN, methyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, methoxyl, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxyl, ethenyl, prop-1-en-2-yl, ethynyl and cyclopropyl.

In certain embodiment, Ri is selected from the group consisting of H, halo, CN, methyl, methoxy, trifluoromethyl, ethenyl and ethynyl. In one embodiment, Ri is selected from the group consisting of Br, CI and CN.

In one embodiment, Ri is CI.

In one embodiment, R2 is:

H, halo, CN;

Ci-4alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl, which Ci-3alkoxyl is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents; or

C3-6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl.

In one embodiment, R2 is:

H, halo, CN;

Ci-4alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl; or

C3-6cycloalkyl. In certain embodiment, R2 IS H, halo, CN, Ci-4haloalkyl, optionally substituted with Ci-3alkoxyl and C3-6cycloalkyl.

In one embodiment, R2 is selected from the group consisting of H, halo, CN, methyl, ethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, cyclopropyl, methoxymethyl and methoxyethyl (e.g. 1 - methoxyethyl).

In one embodiment, R2 is selected from the group consisting of H, halo, CN, methyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, cyclopropyl and methoxyethyl (e.g. 1 -methoxyethyl).

In one embodiment, R2 is selected from the group consisting of CI, CN and methyl.

In one embodiment, R3 IS

1 ) H;

2) -CO-Z, wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of

four to seven-membered heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N;

C3-6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Ci-3alkyl, and Ci-3alkoxyl; and

Ci-6alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo and Ci-3alkoxyl;

3) four to seven-membered heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, and the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of

halo;

Ci-3alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

Ci-3alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl; and

four to seven-membered heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, and the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, Ci-3alkyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

Ci-6alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of

CN, hydroxyl, halo;

Ci-4alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

-CO-Q, wherein Q is Ci-4alkoxyl, hydroxyl, NH2 or NR _c Rd, wherein R _c and Rd are independently H or Ci-4alkyl;

four to seven-membered heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, wherein the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;

C3-7cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of

halo, hydroxyl;

Ci-3alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

Ci-4alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl; and four to seven-membered heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, wherein the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Ci-3alkyl, and Ci-3alkoxyl;

) C-linked 7-9 membered bridged cyclyl ring optionally having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Ci-3alkyl and Ci-3alkoxyl; 7) C-linked 7-10 membered spirane cyclyl ring optionally having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Ci-3alkyl and Ci-3alkoxyl; or

8) C-linked 6-9 membered fused cyclyl ring optionally having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Ci-3alkyl and Ci-3alkoxyl; certain embodiment, F¾ is

1 ) H;

2) -CO-Z, wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of

C3-6cycloalkyl and four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring having O as heteroatom ring member;

3) four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring having one to two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, and the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of

halo;

Ci-3alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

Ci-3alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl; and

four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring having one to two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N;

4) Ci-4alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of

CN, hydroxyl, halo;

Ci-2alkoxyl;

-CO-Q, wherein Q is Ci-2alkoxyl, hydroxyl, or Nh ; four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring having one to two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, wherein the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;

C3-6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of

halo, hydroxyl;

Ci-3alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

Ci-4alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl; and

four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring having one to two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, wherein the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;

6) C-linked 7-9 membered bridged cyclyl ring optionally having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N; or

7) C-linked 7-10 membered spirane cyclyl ring optionally having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N. one embodiment, F¾ is

1 ) H;

2) -CO-Z, wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of cyclopropyl, oxetanyl and tetrahydro-2/-/-pyranyl;

3) four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring selected from the group consisting of oxetanyl, azetidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl, piperidinyl and morpholinyl, wherein the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, halo;

Ci-3alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl; Ci-3alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl; and

four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring having one to two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N; ) Ci-4alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of

CN, hydroxyl, halo;

Ci-2alkoxyl;

-CO-Q, wherein Q is Ci-2alkoxyl, hydroxyl, or Nh ;

four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring selected from the group consisting of oxetanyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl and morpholinyl, wherein the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;

C4-6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of

halo, hydroxyl;

Ci-3alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

Ci-4alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl; and

four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring having one to two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, wherein the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;

In one embodiment, R3 IS H.

In one embodiment, R3 is -CO-Z, wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of C3- 6cycloalkyl and four to six-membered oxygen-containing heterocyclyl ring.

In one embodiment, R3 is a four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring having one to two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N , and the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of:

halo;

cyano;

Ci-3alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl; and

four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring having one to two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N.

In a particular embodiment, the four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring having one to two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N is attached to the pyrazole ring via a carbon atom.

In one embodiment, R3 is a four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring having O as the heteroatom ring member.

In one embodiment, R3 IS selected from the group consisting of oxetanyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl, wherein the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of

hydroxyl, halo;

Ci-3alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

Ci-3alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl; and

four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring having one to two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N. In one embodiment, R3 is a four to six-membered oxygen-containing heterocyclyl ring, which heterocycyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo; cyano and Ci-3alkyl which alkyl group is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci- 3alkoxyl. In a more particular embodiment, R3 is selected from the group consisting of oxetanyl, tetrahydrofuranyl and tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl, wherein the oxetanyl, tetrahydrofuranyl or tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo; cyano and Ci-3alkyl which alkyl group is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl. Even more particularly, R3 is selected from the group consisting of oxetan-3-yl, tetrahydrofuran-3-yl, tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl and tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl, wherein the oxetan-3-yl, tetrahydrofuran-3-yl, tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl or tetrahydro-2H- pyran-4-yl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo and Ci-3alkyl. Even more particularly, R3 is selected from the group consisting of oxetan-3-yl, tetrahydrofuran-3-yl, tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl and tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl, wherein the oxetan-3-yl, tetrahydrofuran-3-yl, tetrahydro-2H-pyran- 3-yl or tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of fluoro and methyl.

In one embodiment, R3 IS a four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring having one heteroatom ring member independently selected from O and N, wherein the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with a four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring having one heteroatom ring member independently selected from O and N.

In one embodiment, R3 is a four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring having N as the heteroatom ring member.

In one embodiment, R3 is a four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring selected from the group consisting of azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl and piperidinyl, wherein the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of:

hydroxyl, halo;

C1 -3alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl; C1 -3alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl; and

four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring having one to two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N.

In one embodiment, R3 is a four to six-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclyl ring that is attached to the pyrazole ring by a carbon atom, which nitrogen-containing heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of:

halo;

Ci-3alkyl which alkyl group is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl, and

four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring having one to two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N.

In one embodiment, R3 is a four to six-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclyl ring, which heterocycyl ring is:

substituted on the nitrogen ring atom by a substituent selected from the group consisting of an Ci-3alkyl group which alkyl group is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl, and a four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring having one to two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N; and

optionally further substituted with one or two groups independently selected from halo and Ci-3alkyl.

In one embodiment, R3 is a four to six-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclyl ring, which heterocycyl ring is:

substituted on the nitrogen ring atom by a four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring having one to two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N; and

optionally further substituted with one or two groups independently selected from halo and Ci-3alkyl. In one embodiment, R3 is a four to six-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclyl ring, which heterocycyl ring is:

substituted on the nitrogen ring atom with one four to six-membered oxygen containing heterocyclyl ring; and

optionally further substituted with one or two groups independently selected from halo and Ci-3alkyl.

In one embodiment, R3 is an azetidinyl or piperidinyl ring, which azetidinyl or piperidinyl ring is:

substituted on the nitrogen ring atom with a tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl, tetrahydrofuranyl or oxetanyl ring; and

optionally further substituted with one or two groups independently selected from halo and Ci-3alkyl .

In one embodiment, R3 is an azetidin-3-yl, piperidin-3-yl or piperidin-4-yl ring, which ring is: substituted on the nitrogen ring atom with a tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl, tetrahydro-2H- pyran-3-yl, tetrahydrofuran-3-yl or oxetan-3-yl ring; and

optionally further substituted with one or two groups independently selected from halo and Ci-3alkyl .

In one embodiment, R3 is a four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring selected from the group consisting of oxetanyl, azetidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl and morpholinyl, and the heterocyclyl is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, methyl, methoxyethyl and oxetanyl.

In one embodiment, R3 IS a four to six-membered heterocyclyl selected from the group consisting of oxetan-3-yl, tetrahydrofuran-2-yl, tetrahydrofuran-3-yl, tetrahydro-2/-/-pyran-3- yl, tetrahydro-2/-/-pyran-4-yl, azetidin-3-yl, pyrrolidin-1 -yl, pyrrolidin-3-yl, piperidin-3-yl, piperidin-4-yl, morpholin-2-yl, and morpholin-4-yl, wherein the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, Ci-3alkyl, methoxyethyl and oxetanyl, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. In one embodiment, R3 is Ci-6alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of

CN, hydroxyl, halo, Ci-4alkoxyl;

-CO-Q, wherein Q is Ci-4alkoxyl, hydroxyl or NR _c Rd, wherein R _c and Rd are independently H or Ci-4alkyl;

a 4-7 membered heterocyclyl ring selected from the group consisting of morpholinyl, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydropyranyl or oxetanyl, which heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents.

In one embodiment, R3 is Ci-6alkyl optionally substituted with one CN group. In one embodiment, R3 is 2-cyano-2-propyl.

In one embodiment, R3 IS C4-6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of

halo, hydroxyl;

Ci-3alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

Ci-4alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl; and

four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring having one to two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, wherein the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;

In one embodiment, R3 IS C4-6cycloalkyl substituted with one hydroxyl group. In a particular embodiment, the hydroxyl group is located at aposition that is distal ("para") to the point of attachment of the cycloalkyl group to the pyrazole ring. In a more particular embodiment, R3 is 4-hydroxylcyclohexyl. In one embodiment, R3 IS C4-6cycloalkyl substituted with one four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring having one to two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, wherein the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents. In one embodiment, the heterocyclyl group is linked to the cycloalkyl group by a ring nitrogen.

In one embodiment, R3 is C4-6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents

|-N D

independently selected from hydroxyl, morpholinyl or — / . In one embodiment, R3 is C4-6cycloalkyl substituted with one substituent selected from hydroxyl, morpholinyl or . In certain embodiments in which the substitutent is morpholinyl, the attachment to the cycloalkyl group is via the nitrogen atom.

In diment, R3 is cyclohexyl substituted at the 4 position by hydroxyl, morpholin-4-yl or

In anot iment, R3 is cyclobutyl substituted at the 3 position by hydroxyl, morpholin-

4-yl or bodiment, R3 is a bridged or spiro cyclic ring selected from the group consisting of

In one embodiment, R3 IS

1 ) H;

2) four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring selected from the group consisting of oxetanyl, azetidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl, piperidinyl and morpholinyl, and the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo;

oxetanyl; and Ci-3alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

3) 2-cyano-2-propyl;

4) C4-6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with e substituents independently selected from hydroxyl, morpholinyl and

6) X>

In one embodiment, R3 IS

1) H;

2) four to six-membered oxygen-containing heterocyclyl ring, which heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, cyano and Ci-3alkyl which alkyl group is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

3) four to six-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclyl ring, which heterocycyl ring is:

substituted on the nitrogen ring atom by a substituent selected from the group consisting of a Ci-3alkyl group which alkyl group is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-

3alkoxyl, and a four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring having one to two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N; and optionally further substituted with one or two groups independently selected from halo and Ci-3alkyl .

4) Ci-6alkyl optionally substituted with one CN group; or

5) C4-6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently

|-N / D

selected from hydroxyl, morpholin-4-yl or — / .

In one embodiment, n is 3. In certain embodiments, R ₄ and R5, at each occurrence, are each independently selected from the group consisting of

H, halo, hydroxyl;

Ci _-4 alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo and Ci _-4 alkoxyl;

C3-6cycloalkyl; and

Ci _-4 alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo and Ci _-4 alkoxyl. In one embodiment, R ₄ and R5, at each occurrence, are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, halo, Ci-3alkyl, methoxyl, ethoxyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxyl, methoxymethyl and cyclopropyl.

In one embodiment, this invention relates to compounds of Formula (I), and any of the applicable embodiments above, (CR ₄ R ₅ ) _n is CHR ₄ CHR ₅ CH ₂ , CR ₄ R ₅ CHR ₅ CH ₂ , or CHR ₄ C R ₄ R5CH2, wherein R ₄ and Rs are defined above.

In certain embodiments, R ₄ and R5, at each occurrence, are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, methyl, ethyl, methoxyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, and methoxymethyl..

In one embodiment, A-(CR ₄ Rs)n-0 is A-CHR ₄ CHR ₅ CH2-0 wherein either:

R ₄ is H and R5 is fluoro, Ci _-4 alkyl or Ci _-4 alkoxyl wherein said alkyl or alkoxyl is optionally substituted by one two or three fluoro groups; or

R ₄ is cyclopropyl, Ci _-4 alkyl or Ci _-4 alkoxyl wherein said alkyl or alkoxyl is optionally substituted by one two or three fluoro or Ci _-4 alkoxyl groups and R5 is H ; or

R ₄ is Ci _-4 alkyl or Ci _-4 alkoxyl wherein said alkyl or alkoxyl group is optionally substituted by one two or three fluoro groups and R5 is fluoro; or

R ₄ and R5 are both methyl.

In one embodiment, A-(CR ₄ Rs)n-0 is A-CHR ₄ CHR ₅ CH2-0 wherein either:

R ₄ is H and R5 is methyl, methoxyl, ethoxyl, difluoromethoxyl or fluoro; or

R ₄ is methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, fluoromethyl, difluromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, methoxymethyl or cyclopropyl and R5 is H; or R ₄ is methyl or fluoromethyl and R5 is fluoro; or

R ₄ and R5 are both methyl.

In one embodiment, A-(CR4Rs)n-0 is A-CHR4CHR5CH2-O wherein either:

R4 is H and R5 is methoxyl or fluoro; or

R4 is methyl, ethyl, fluoromethyl, difluromethyl, or methoxymethyl and R5 is H; or

R4 is methyl and R5 is fluoro; or

R4 and R5 are both methyl.

In certain embodiments, A is NH, X is N, and n is 3.

In certain embodiment, the compound of Formula (I) has the structure of Formula (IA)

Formula (IA)

wherein

Ri , R2, R3, R4, R5 are as defined above in relation to Formula (I).

In one embodiment, the compound of Formula (I) has the structure of Formula (IA) wherein Ri , R2 and Rs are as defined above in relation to Formula (I) and wherein either :

R4 is H and R5 is fluoro, or Ci-4alkoxyl wherein said alkyl or alkoxyl is optionally substituted by one two or three fluoro groups; or

R4 is cyclopropyl, Ci-4alkyl or Ci-4alkoxyl wherein said alkyl or alkoxyl is optionally substituted by one two or three fluoro or C1-4 alkoxyl groups and R5 is H; or

R4 is Ci-4alkyl or Ci-4alkoxy wherein said alkyl or alkoxy group is optionally substituted by one two or three fluoro groups and R5 is fluoro; or

R4 and R5 are both methyl. In one embodiment, the compound of Formula (I) has the structure of Formula (IA) wherein Ri, R2 and Rs are as defined above in relation to Formula (I) and wherein either :

R ₄ is H and R5 is methyl, methoxyl, ethoxyl, difluoromethoxyl or fluoro; or

R ₄ is methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, fluoromethyl, difluromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, methoxymethyl or cyclopropyl and R5 is H; or

R ₄ is methyl or fluoromethyl and R5 is fluoro; or

R4 and R5 are both methyl. In one embodiment, the compound of Formula (I) has the structure of Formula (IA) wherein Ri, R2 and Rs are as defined above in relation to Formula (I) and wherein either :

R4 is H and R5 is methoxyl or fluoro; or

R4 is methyl, ethyl, fluoromethyl, difluromethyl, or methoxymethyl and R5 is H; or

R4 is methyl and R5 is fluoro; or

R4 and R5 are both methyl.

In particular embodiments relating to Formula (IA):

Ri is selected from the group consisting of H, halo, CN, methyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, methoxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxyl, ethenyl, prop-1 -en-2-yl, ethynyl and cyclopropyl; R2 is selected from the group consisting of H , halo, CN , methyl, ethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, cyclopropyl, methoxymethyl and methoxyethyl; and

Rs is

1 ) H;

2) four to six-membered oxygen-containing heterocyclyl ring, which heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo; cyano and Ci-3alkyl which alkyl group is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

3) four to six-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclyl ring, which heterocycyl ring is:

substituted on the nitrogen ring atom by a substitutent selected from the group consisting of a Ci-3alkyl group which alkyl group is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci- 3alkoxyl, and a four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring having one to two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N; and optionally further substituted with one or two groups independently selected from halo and Ci-3alkyl .

Ci-6alkyl optionally substituted with one CN group; or

C4-6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with e substituents independently selected from hydroxyl, morpholin

In more particular embodiments relating to Formula (IA):

Ri is selected from the group consisting of Br, CI and CN;

R2 is selected from the group consisting of H CI, CN and methyl; and

Rs is

1 ) H;

four to six-membered oxygen-containing heterocyclyl ring, which heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo; cyano and Ci-3alkyl which alkyl group is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

four to six-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclyl ring, which heterocycyl ring is:

substituted on the nitrogen ring atom by a substituent selected from the group consisting of an Ci-3alkyl group which alkyl group is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci- 3alkoxyl, and a four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring having one to two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N; and optionally further substituted with one or two groups independently selected from halo and Ci-3alkyl .

Ci-6alkyl optionally substituted with one CN group; or

C4-6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with e substituents independently selected from hydroxyl, morpholin

In an even more particular embodiment relating to Formula (IA): Ri is selected from the group consisting of Br, CI and CN;

R2 is selected from the group consisting of H CI, CN and methyl; and

Rs is

1 ) H;

2) four to six-membered oxygen-containing heterocyclyl ring, which heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo; cyano and Ci-3alkyl which alkyl group is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

3) four to six-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclyl ring, which heterocycyl ring is substituted on the nitrogen ring atom with one four to six-membered oxygen-containing heterocyclyl ring, and optionally further substituted with one or two groups independently selected from halo and Ci-3alkyl; or

4) C4-6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from hydroxyl, morpholin-4-yl or

In one embodiment, the compound of Formula (I) has the structure of Formula (IA) wherein:

R ₂ is CI, CN or methyl;

Rs is

1 ) H

2) four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring selected from the group consisting of oxetanyl, azetidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl, piperidinyl and morpholinyl, wherein the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, methyl and oxetanyl;

3) 2-cyano-2-propyl;

4) C4-6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with e substituents independently selected from hydroxyl, morpholinyl and

R ₄ is H, methyl, ethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, or methoxymethyl; and

R5 is H, F, methyl, or methoxyl.

In one embodiment, this invention relates to compounds of Formula (I) or Formula (IA), and any of the applicable embodiments above, wherein Ri is Br, CI or CN, R2 is CI, CN or methyl, and R3 IS

1 ) four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring selected from the group consisting of oxetanyl, azetidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl, piperidinyl and morpholinyl, wherein the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, methyl, methoxyethyl and oxetanyl;

2) 2-cyano-2-propyl;

3) C ₄ -6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with e substituents independently selected from hydroxyl, morpholinyl and

5, >C ^O ;

R ₄ is H, methyl, ethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, or methoxymethyl; and R5 is H, F, methyl, or methoxyl.

In one embodiment, the invention relates to a compound Formula (IA)

Formula (IA)

wherein

Ri is selected from the group consisting of Br, CI and CN; R2 is selected from the group consisting of H CI, CN and methyl;

Rs is

1 ) H;

2) four to six-membered oxygen-containing heterocyclyl ring, which heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo; cyano and Ci-3alkyl which alkyl group is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

3) four to six-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclyl ring, which heterocycyl ring is substituted on the nitrogen ring atom with one four to six-membered oxygen containing heterocyclyl ring, and optionally further substituted with one or two groups independently selected from halo and Ci-3alkyl; or

4) C4-6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with e substituents independently selected from hydroxyl, morpholin-4-yl o ; and either

R ₄ is H and R5 is methoxyl or fluoro; or

R4 is methyl, ethyl, fluoromethyl, difluromethyl, or methoxymethyl and R5 is H; or

R4 is methyl and R5 is fluoro; or

R4 and R5 are both methyl;

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In a certain embodiment, this invention relates to a compound selected from

42

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In another embodiment, this invention relates to a compound selected from

In one embodiment, this invention relates to a compound selected from

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In one embodiment, this invention relates to

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In one embodiment, this invention relates to

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

In one embodiment, this invention relates to

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In one embodiment, the invention relates to a crystalline form of (1 1 R)-14-chloro-4,1 1 -dimethyl- 5-(oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo [1 1 .3.1.0 ³ ' ⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14- pentaene which exhibits characteristic XRPD peaks at 8.7, 10.1 , 10.5, 13.9, 15.9, 17.4, 18.2, 18.7, 19.6, 25.3 and 27.0 (± 0.2°) when measured using a copper anode that generates Ka radiation with a wavelength of 1.5406 A. In a particular embodiment, the peaks are identified in a PANalytical X'Pert Pro powder diffracto meter, model PW3040/60 using an X'Celerator detector with radiation: Cu Ka, generator tension: 40 kV, generator current: 45 mA, start angle: 2.0° 2Θ, end angle: 40.0° 2Θ, step size: 0.0167° 2Θ, time per step: 31.75 seconds.

In a certain embodiment, the invention relates to compounds of Formula (I) wherein F¾ is H. In a ce

or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In one embodiment, this invention relates to or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In one embodiment, the invention provides a compound of Formula (I) or a salt thereof which is the compound of any one of Examples E1 -E452, or a salt thereof.

It is to be understood that the references herein to a compound of Formula (I) or a salt thereof includes a compound of Formula (I) as a free base or acid, or as a salt thereof, for example as a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Thus, in one embodiment, the invention is directed to a compound of Formula (I). In another embodiment, the invention is directed to a salt of a compound of Formula (I). In a further embodiment, the invention is directed to a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of a compound of Formula (I). In another embodiment, the invention is directed to a compound of Formula (I) or a salt thereof. In a further embodiment, the invention is directed to a compound of Formula (I) or a

pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Because of its potential use in medicine, it will be appreciated that a salt of a compound of Formula (I) is preferably pharmaceutically acceptable.

As used herein, the term "pharmaceutically acceptable" refers to those compounds

(including salts), materials, compositions, and dosage forms which are, within the scope of sound medical judgment, suitable for use in contact with the tissues of human beings and animals without excessive toxicity, irritation, or other problem or complication,

commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio.

Pharmaceutically acceptable salts are within the scope of the present invention.

Pharmaceutically acceptable salts include, amongst others, those described in Berge et al, J. Pharm, Sci., 66, 1 -19, 1977, those in P L Gould, International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 33 (1986), 201 -217; Bighley et al, Encyclopedia of Pharmaceutical Technology, Marcel Dekker Inc, New York 1996, Volume 13, page 453-497, or those in P H Stahl and C G Wermuth, editors, Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts; Properties, Selection and Use, Second Edition Stahl/Wermuth: Wiley- VCHA HCA, 201 1 (see

http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-390639 0519.html).

Non-pharmaceutically acceptable salts are within the scope of the present invention, for example for use as intermediates in the preparation of a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Non-pharmaceutically acceptable salts may be used, for example as intermediates in the preparation of a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The compounds of Formula (I) contain a basic group and are therefore capable of forming pharmaceutically-acceptable acid addition salts by treatment with a suitable acid. Suitable acids include pharmaceutically-acceptable inorganic acids and pharmaceutically-acceptable organic acids. Exemplary pharmaceutically-acceptable acid addition salts include, but are not limited to, 4-acetamidobenzoate, acetate, adipate, alginate, ascorbate, aspartate, benzenesulfonate (besylate), benzoate, bisulfate, bitartrate, butyrate, calcium edetate, camphorate, camphorsulfonate (camsylate), caprate (decanoate), caproate (hexanoate), caprylate (octanoate), cinnamate, citrate, cyclamate, digluconate, 2,5-dihydroxybenzoate, disuccinate, dodecylsulfate (estolate), edetate (ethylenediaminetetraacetate), estolate (lauryl sulfate), ethane-1 ,2-disulfonate (edisylate), ethanesulfonate (esylate), formate, fumarate, galactarate (mucate), gentisate (2,5-dihydroxybenzoate), glucoheptonate (gluceptate), gluconate, glucuronate, glutamate, glutarate, glycerophosphorate, glycolate,

hexylresorcinate, hippurate, hydrabamine (N,N'-di(dehydroabietyl)-ethylenediamine), hydrobromide, hydrochloride, hydroiodide, hydroxynaphthoate, isobutyrate, lactate, lactobionate, laurate, malate, maleate, malonate, mandelate, methanesulfonate (mesylate), methylsulfate, mucate, naphthalene-1 ,5-disulfonate (napadisylate), naphthalene-2-sulfonate (napsylate), nicotinate, nitrate, oleate, palmitate, p-aminobenzenesulfonate, p- aminosalicyclate, pamoate (embonate), pantothenate, pectinate, persulfate, phenylacetate, phenylethylbarbiturate, phosphate, polygalacturonate, propionate, p-toluenesulfonate (tosylate), pyroglutamate, pyruvate, salicylate, sebacate, stearate, subacetate, succinate, sulfamate, sulfate, tannate, tartrate, teoclate (8-chlorotheophyllinate), thiocyanate, triethiodide, undecanoate, undecylenate, and valerate. In certain embodiments, some of these salts may form solvates. In certain embodiments, some of these salts may be crystalline. Such acid addition salts can be formed by reaction of a compound of Formula (I) (which, for example contains a basic amine or other basic functional group) with the appropriate acid, optionally in a suitable solvent such as an organic solvent, to give the salt which can be isolated by a variety of methods, including crystallisation and filtration.

It will be understood that if a compound of Formula (I) contains two or more basic moieties, the stoichiometry of salt formation may include 1 , 2 or more equivalents of acid. Such salts would contain 1 , 2 or more acid counterions, for example, a dihydrochloride salt.

Stoichiometric and non-stoichiometric forms of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of a compound of formula (I) are included within the scope of the invention, including sub- stoichiometric salts, for example where a counterion contains more than one acidic proton.

Certain compounds of Formula (I) contain an acidic group and are therefore capable of forming pharmaceutically-acceptable base addition salts by treatment with a suitable base. Suitable bases include pharmaceutically-acceptable inorganic bases and pharmaceutically- acceptable organic bases. Exemplary pharmaceutically-acceptable acid addition salts include, but are not limited to, aluminium, 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1 ,3-propanediol (TRIS, tromethamine), arginine, benethamine (N-benzylphenethylamine), benzathine (Ν,Ν'- dibenzylethylenediamine), bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)amine, bismuth, calcium, chloroprocaine, choline, clemizole (1 -p chlorobenzyl-2-pyrrolildine-1 '-ylmethylbenzimidazole),

cyclohexylamine, dibenzylethylenediamine, diethylamine, diethyltriamine, dimethylamine, dimethylethanolamine, dopamine, ethanolamine, ethylenediamine, L-histidine, iron, isoquinoline, lepidine, lithium, lysine, magnesium, meglumine (N-methylglucamine), piperazine, piperidine, potassium, procaine, quinine, quinoline, sodium, strontium, t- butylamine, and zinc. Such base addition salts can be formed by reaction of a compound of Formula (I) (which, for example, contains an acidic functional group) with the appropriate base, optionally in a suitable solvent such as an organic solvent, to give the salt which can be isolated by a variety of methods, including crystallisation and filtration. Salts may be prepared in situ during the final isolation and purification of a compound of Formula (I). If a basic compound of Formula (I) is isolated as a salt, the corresponding free base form of that compound may be prepared by any suitable method known to the art, including treatment of the salt with an inorganic or organic base. Similarly, if a compound of Formula (I) containing an acidic functional group is isolated as a salt, the corresponding free acid form of that compound may be prepared by any suitable method known to the art, including treatment of the salt with an inorganic or organic acid. Certain compounds of Formula (I) or salts thereof may exist in stereoisomeric forms (e.g., they may contain one or more asymmetric carbon atoms). The individual stereoisomers (enantiomers and diastereomers) and mixtures of these are included within the scope of the present invention. The different isomeric forms may be separated or resolved one from the other by conventional methods, or any given isomer may be obtained by conventional synthetic methods or by stereospecific or asymmetric syntheses.

Certain compounds of Formula (I) are capable of existing in tautomeric forms. For example,

certain compounds exhibit amine-imine tautomerism (such as and may exist in one or more c forms. In some cases, only one of a pair of tautomeric forms (for example, hin Formula (I) as drawn. The other alternative

tautomer (for example, also forms part of the invention.

The invention also includes isotopically-labelled compounds and salts, which are identical to compounds of Formula (I) or salts thereof, but for the fact that one or more atoms are replaced by an atom having an atomic mass or mass number different from the atomic mass or mass number most commonly found in nature. Examples of isotopes that can be incorporated into compounds of Formula (I) or salts thereof isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, fluorine, such as ³ H, ¹¹ C, ¹⁴ C and ¹⁸ F. Such isotopically-labelled compound of Formula (I) or salts thereof are useful in drug and/or substrate tissue distribution assays. For example, ¹¹ C and ¹⁸ F isotopes are useful in PET (positron emission tomography). PET is useful in brain imaging. Isotopically-labelled compounds of Formula (I) and salts thereof can generally be prepared by carrying out the procedures disclosed below, by substituting a readily available isotopically-labelled reagent for a non-isotopically labelled reagent. In one embodiment, compounds of Formula (I) or salts thereof are not isotopically labelled.

Certain compounds of Formula (I) or salts thereof may exist in solid or liquid form. In the solid state, certain compounds of Formula (I) or salts thereof may exist in crystalline or noncrystalline form, or as a mixture thereof. For compounds of Formula (I) or salts thereof that are in crystalline form, the skilled artisan will appreciate that pharmaceutically- acceptable solvates may be formed wherein solvent molecules are incorporated into the crystalline lattice during crystallization. Solvates may involve nonaqueous solvents such as ethanol, isopropanol, DMSO, acetic acid, ethanolamine, and ethyl acetate, or they may involve water as the solvent that is incorporated into the crystalline lattice. Solvates wherein water is the solvent that is incorporated into the crystalline lattice are typically referred to as "hydrates." Hydrates include stoichiometric hydrates as well as compositions containing variable amounts of water.

The skilled artisan will further appreciate that any compounds of Formula (I) or

pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof that exist in crystalline form, including the various solvates thereof, may exhibit polymorphism (i.e. the capacity to occur in different crystalline structures). These different crystalline forms are typically known as "polymorphs."

Polymorphs have the same chemical composition but differ in packing, geometrical arrangement, and other descriptive properties of the crystalline solid state. Polymorphs, therefore, may have different physical properties such as shape, density, hardness, deformability, stability, and dissolution properties. Polymorphs typically exhibit different melting points, IR spectra, and X-ray powder diffraction patterns, which may be used for identification. The skilled artisan will appreciate that different polymorphs may be produced, for example, by changing or adjusting the reaction conditions or reagents, used in making the compound. For example, changes in temperature, pressure, or solvent may result in polymorphs. In addition, one polymorph may spontaneously convert to another polymorph under certain conditions.

The skilled artisan also appreciates that this invention may contain various deuterated forms of compounds of Formula (I), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Each available hydrogen atom attached to a carbon atom may be independently replaced with a deuterium atom. A person of ordinary skill in the art will know how to synthesize deuterated forms of compounds of Formula (I), or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. Commercially available deuterated starting materials may be employed in the preparation of deuterated forms of compounds of Formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, or they may be synthesized using conventional techniques employing deuterated reagents (e.g. lithium aluminum deuteride).

C. Methods of use

Compounds of Formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are inhibitors of LRRK2 kinase activity and are thus believed to be of potential use in the treatment of or prevention of the following neurological diseases associated with or characterized by LRRK2 kinase activity: Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), dementia (including Lewy body dementia and vascular dementia, HIV-induced dementia), age related memory dysfunction, mild cognitive impairment, argyrophilic grain disease, Pick's disease, corticobasal degeneration, progressive supranuclear palsy, inherited frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 (FTDP-17), withdrawal symptoms/relapse associated with drug addiction, L-Dopa induced dyskinesia, ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury and multiple sclerosis. Other diseases potentially treatable by inhibition of LRRK2 include, but are not limited to, lysosomal disorders (for example, Niemann-Pick Type C disease, Gaucher disease), Crohn's disease, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), cancers (including thyroid, renal (including papillary renal), breast, lung and prostate cancers, leukemias (including acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)) and lymphomas), rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, pure red cell aplasia, idiopathic

thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), Evans syndrome, vasculitis, bullous skin disorders, type 1 diabetes mellitus, obesity, epilepsy, pulmonary diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, Sjogren's syndrome, Devic's disease, inflammatory myopathies, ankylosing spondylitis, bacterial infections (including leprosy), viral infections (including tuberculosis, HIV, West Nile virus and chikungunya virus) and parasitic infections. One aspect of the invention provides a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use in therapy. In one embodiment, the invention provides a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use in the treatment of or prevention of the above disorders (i.e. the neurological diseases and other diseases listed above). In one embodiment, the invention provides a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use in the treatment of or prevention of Parkinson's disease. In one embodiment, the invention provides a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. In another embodiment, the invention provides a compound of Formula (I) or a

pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use in the treatment of or prevention of

Alzheimer's disease. In one embodiment, the invention provides a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. In another embodiment, the invention provides a compound of Formula (I) or a

pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for use in the treatment of tuberculosis. A further aspect of the invention provides the use of a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of or prevention of of the above disorders (i.e. the neurological diseases and other diseases listed above). A further aspect of the invention provides the use of a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in the manufacture of a

medicament for the treatment of or prevention of Parkinson's disease. A further aspect of the invention provides the use of a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. In another embodiment, the invention provides the use of a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of treatment of or prevention of Alzheimer's disease. In one embodiment, the invention provides the use of a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. In another embodiment, the invention provides use of a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of tuberculosis. A further aspect of the invention provides a method of treatment or prevention of a disorder listed above (i.e. selected from the neurological diseases and other diseases listed above), which comprises administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. A further aspect of the invention provides a method of treatment or prevention of Parkinson's disease, which comprises administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. A further aspect of the invention provides a method of treatment of Parkinson's disease, which comprises administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In an embodiment, the subject is human.

In the context of the present invention, treatment of Parkinson's disease refers to the treatment of sporadic Parkinson's disease, and/or familial Parkinson's disease. In one embodiment, treatment of Parkinson's disease refers to treatment of familial Parkinson's disease.

In one embodiment, familial Parkinson's disease patients are those expressing at least one of the following LRRK2 kinase mutations: G2019S mutation, N1437H mutation, R1441 G mutation, R1441 C mutation, R1441 H mutation, Y1699C mutation, S1761 R mutation, or I2020T mutation. In another embodiment, familial Parkinson's disease patients express other coding mutations (such as G2385R) or non-coding single nucleotide polymorphisms at the LRRK2 locus that are associated with Parkinson's disease. In a more particular embodiment, familial Parkinson's disease includes patients expressing at least the G2019S mutation or the R1441 G mutation in LRRK2 kinase. In one embodiment, treatment of Parkinson's disease refers to the treatment of familial Parkinson's disease which includes patients expressing LRRK2 kinase bearing at least the G2019S mutation. In another embodiment, familial Parkinson's disease patients express aberrantly high levels of wild-type LRRK2 kinase.

In another embodiment, familial Parkinson's disease patients are those expressing one or more of the following LRRK2 kinase mutations: G2019S mutation, N1437H mutation, R1441 G mutation, R1441 C mutation, R1441 H mutation, Y1699C mutation, S1761 R mutation, or I2020T mutation. In another embodiment, familial Parkinson's disease patients express other coding mutations (such as G2385R) or non-coding single nucleotide polymorphisms at the LRRK2 locus that are associated with Parkinson's disease. In a more particular embodiment, familial Parkinson's disease includes patients expressing the

G2019S mutation or the R1441 G mutation in LRRK2 kinase. In one embodiment, treatment of Parkinson's disease refers to the treatment of familial Parkinson's disease includes patients expressing LRRK2 kinase bearing G2019S mutation. In another embodiment, familial Parkinson's disease patients express aberrantly high levels of normal LRRK2 kinase. Treatment of Parkinson's disease may be symptomatic or may be disease modifying. In one embodiment, treatment of Parkinson's disease refers to symptomatic treatment. In one embodiment, treatment of Parkinson's disease refers to disease modifying treatment. In one embodiment, treatment of Parkinson's disease refers to both symptomatic treatment and disease modifying treatment.

Compounds of the present invention may also be useful in treating patients identified as susceptible to progression to severe Parkinsonism by means of one or more subtle features associated with disease progression, such as family history, olfaction deficits, constipation, cognitive defects, gait or biological indicators of disease progression gained from molecular, biochemical, immunological or imaging technologies. In this context, treatment may be symptomatic or disease modifying. In another embodiment, treatment may be symptomatic and disease modifying.

A further aspect of the invention provides a method of treatment or prevention of Alzheimer's disease, which comprises administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. A further aspect of the invention provides a method of treatment of Alzheimer's disease, which comprises administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. A further aspect of the invention provides a method of treatment of tuberculosis, which comprises administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In an embodiment, the subject is human.

In the context of the present invention, treatment of Alzheimer's disease refers to the treatment of sporadic Alzheimer's disease and/or familial Alzheimer's disease. Treatment of Alzheimer's disease may be symptomatic and/or disease modifying. In one embodiment, treatment of Alzheimer's disease may be symptomatic or may be disease modifying. In one embodiment, treatment of Alzheimer's disease refers to symptomatic treatment. A further aspect of the invention provides a method of treatment or prevention of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) disease, which comprises administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. A further aspect of the invention provides a method of treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) disease, which comprises administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. In an embodiment, the subject is human.

In the context of the present invention, treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), dementia (including Lewy body dementia and vascular dementia, HIV-induced dementia), age related memory dysfunction, mild cognitive impairment, argyrophilic grain disease, Pick's disease, corticobasal degeneration, progressive supranuclear palsy, inherited frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 (FTDP-17), multiple sclerosis, lysosomal disorders (for example, Niemann-Pick Type C disease, Gaucher disease), Crohn's disease, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), cancers (including thyroid, renal (including papillary renal), breast, lung and prostate cancers, leukemias (including acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)) and lymphomas), rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, pure red cell aplasia, idiopathic

thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), Evans syndrome, vasculitis, bullous skin disorders, type 1 diabetes mellitus, obesity, epilepsy, pulmonary diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, Sjogren's syndrome, Devic's disease, inflammatory myopathies, ankylosing spondylitis, may be symptomatic and/or disease modifying. In one embodiment, treatment of these disorders may be symptomatic or disease modifying. In certain embodiments, treatment of these disorders refers to symptomatic treatment. The invention also provides the use of inhibitors of LRRK2 in the production of neuronal progenitor cells in vitro for consequent therapeutic application in cell based-treatment of CNS disorders.

When a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is intended for use in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, it may be used in combination with medicaments alleged to be useful as symptomatic treatments of Parkinson's disease.

Suitable examples of such other therapeutic agents include L-dopa, and dopamine agonists (e.g. pramipexole, ropinirole). Accordingly, in one embodiment, the invention provides a combination of a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof with an active pharmaceutical ingredient selected from the list consisting of L-dopa and a dopamine agonist (e.g. pramipexole, ropinirole).

When a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is intended for use in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, it may be used in combination with medicaments claimed to be useful as either disease modifying or symptomatic treatments of Alzheimer's disease. Suitable examples of such other therapeutic agents may be symptomatic agents, for example those known to modify cholinergic transmission such as M1 muscarinic receptor agonists or allosteric modulators, M2 muscarinic antagonists, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (such as tetrahydroaminoacridine, donepezil hydrochloride rivastigmine, and galantamine), nicotinic receptor agonists or allosteric modulators (such as a7 agonists or allosteric modulators or α4β2 agonists or allosteric modulators), PPAR agonists (such as PPARy agonists), 5-HT4 receptor partial agonists, 5-ΗΪ6 receptor antagonists e.g. SB-742457 or 5HT1 A receptor antagonists and NMDA receptor antagonists or modulators, or disease modifying agents such as β or γ-secretase inhibitors e.g semagacestat, mitochondrial stabilizers, microtubule stabilizers or modulators of Tau pathology such as Tau aggregation inhibitors (e.g. methylene blue and REMBER™), NSAIDS, e.g. tarenflurbil, tramiprosil; or antibodies for example bapineuzumab or solanezumab; proteoglycans, for example tramiprosate. Accordingly, in one embodiment, the invention provides a combination of a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof with an active pharmaceutical ingredient selected from the list consisting of: an M1 muscarinic receptor agonist, an M2 muscarinic antagonist, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (e.g. tetrahydroaminoacridine, donepezil hydrochloride rivastigmine, and galantamine), a nicotinic receptor agonist (e.g. an a7 agonist or an α4β2 agonist), a PPAR agonist (e.g. a PPARy agonist), a 5-HT4 receptor partial agonist, a δ-ΗΤε receptor antagonist (e.g. SB-742457), a 5HT1 A receptor antagonist, an NMDA receptor antagonist, a β or γ-secretase inhibitor (e.g semagacestat), a mitochondrial stabilizer, a microtubule stabilizer or a Tau aggregation inhibitor (e.g. methylene blue and REMBER™), an NSAID, (e.g. tarenflurbil, tramiprosil), an antibody (for example bapineuzumab or solanezumab) and a proteoglycan (e.g. tramiprosate).

When a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is intended for use in the treatment of bacterial infections, parasitic infections or viral infections, it may be used in combination with medicaments alleged to be useful as symptomatic treatments that directly target the infectious agent.

When a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is used in combination with other therapeutic agents, the compound may be administered either sequentially or simultaneously by any convenient route.

The invention also provides, in a further aspect, a combination comprising a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof together with one or more further therapeutic agent or agents.

The combinations referred to above may conveniently be presented for use in the form of a pharmaceutical formulation and thus pharmaceutical formulations comprising a combination as defined above together with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient comprise a further aspect of the invention. The individual components of such combinations may be administered either sequentially or simultaneously in separate or combined pharmaceutical formulations.

When a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is used in combination with a second therapeutic agent active against the same disease state the dose of each compound may differ from that when the compound is used alone. Appropriate doses will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art.

D. Composition

Compounds of Formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof may be formulated into pharmaceutical compositions prior to administration to a subject. According to one aspect, the invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. According to another aspect, the invention provides a process for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition comprising admixing a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

Pharmaceutical compositions may be presented in unit dose forms containing a

predetermined amount of active ingredient per unit dose. Such a unit may contain, for example, 0.1 mg, 0.5 mg, or 1 mg to 50 mg, 100 mg, 150mg, 200 mg, 250 mg, 500 mg, 750 mg or 1 g of a compound of the present invention, depending on the disease being treated, the route of administration and the age, weight and condition of the subject, or

pharmaceutical compositions may be presented in unit dose forms containing a

predetermined amount of active ingredient per unit dose. In other embodiments, the unit dosage compositions are those containing a daily dose or sub-dose as described herein, or an appropriate fraction thereof, of an active ingredient. Furthermore, such pharmaceutical compositions may be prepared by any of the methods well-known to one skilled in the art.

A therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (I) will depend upon a number of factors including, for example, the age and weight of the intended recipient, the precise condition requiring treatment and its severity, the nature of the formulation, and the route of administration, and will ultimately be at the discretion of the attendant prescribing the medication. However, a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (I) for the treatment of diseases described in the present invention will generally be in the range of 0.1 to 100 mg/kg body weight of recipient per day and more usually in the range of 1 to 10 mg/kg body weight per day. Thus, for a 70 kg adult mammal, the actual amount per day would usually be from 70 to 700 mg and this amount may be given in a single dose per day or in a number of sub-doses per day as such as two, three, four, five or six doses per day. Or the dosing can be done intermittently, such as once every other day, once a week or once a month. A therapeutically effective amount of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate, etc., may be determined as a proportion of the therapeutically effective amount of the compound of Formula (I) per se. It is envisaged that similar dosages would be appropriate for treatment of the other diseases referred to above.

The pharmaceutical compositions of the invention may contain one or more compounds of Formula (I). In some embodiments, the pharmaceutical compositions may contain more than one compound of the invention. For example, in some embodiments, the

pharmaceutical compositions may contain two or more compounds of Formula (I). In addition, the pharmaceutical compositions may optionally further comprise one or more additional pharmaceutically active compounds.

In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical compositions may contain a compound of Formula (I) or Formula (IA), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a

pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

In certain embodiments, the present invention is directed to a pharmaceutical composition comprising 0.01 to 1000 mg of one or more of a compound of Formula (I) or a

pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and 0.01 to 5 g of one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.

As used herein, "pharmaceutically acceptable excipient" means a pharmaceutically acceptable material, composition or vehicle involved in giving form or consistency to the pharmaceutical composition. Each excipient may be compatible with the other ingredients of the pharmaceutical composition when commingled such that interactions which would substantially reduce the efficacy of the compound of the invention when administered to a subject and interactions which would result in pharmaceutical compositions that are not pharmaceutically acceptable are avoided.

The compounds of the invention and the pharmaceutically-acceptable excipient or excipients may be formulated into a dosage form adapted for administration to the subject by the desired route of administration. For example, dosage forms include those adapted for (1 ) oral administration (including buccal or sublingual) such as tablets, capsules, caplets, pills, troches, powders, syrups, elixers, suspensions, solutions, emulsions, sachets, and cachets; (2) parenteral administration (including subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous or intradermal) such as sterile solutions, suspensions, and powders for reconstitution; (3) transdermal administration such as transdermal patches; (4) rectal administration such as suppositories; (5) nasal inhalation such as dry powders, aerosols, suspensions, and solutions; and (6) topical administration (including buccal, sublingual or transdermal) such as creams, ointments, lotions, solutions, pastes, sprays, foams, and gels. Such compositions may be prepared by any methods known in the art of pharmacy, for example by bringing into association a compound of Formula (I) with the carrier(s) or excipient(s).

Pharmaceutical compositions adapted for oral administration may be presented as discrete units such as capsules or tablets; powders or granules; solutions or suspensions in aqueous or non-aqueous liquids; edible foams or whips; or oil-in-water liquid emulsions or water-in-oil liquid emulsions. Suitable pharmaceutically-acceptable excipients may vary depending upon the particular dosage form chosen. In addition, suitable pharmaceutically-acceptable excipients may be chosen for a particular function that they may serve in the composition. For example, certain pharmaceutically-acceptable excipients may be chosen for their ability to facilitate the production of uniform dosage forms. Certain pharmaceutically-acceptable excipients may be chosen for their ability to facilitate the production of stable dosage forms. Certain

pharmaceutically acceptable excipients may be chosen for their ability to facilitate carrying or transporting the compound or compounds of the invention once administered to the subject from an organ, or a portion of the body, to another organ, or a portion of the body. Certain pharmaceutically-acceptable excipients may be chosen for their ability to enhance patient compliance.

Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable excipients include the following types of excipients: diluents, fillers, binders, disintegrants, lubricants, glidants, granulating agents, coating agents, wetting agents, solvents, co-solvents, suspending agents, emulsifiers, sweeteners, flavoring agents, flavor masking agents, coloring agents, anticaking agents, hemectants, chelating agents, plasticizers, viscosity increasing agents, antioxidants, preservatives, stabilizers, surfactants, and buffering agents. The skilled artisan will appreciate that certain pharmaceutically-acceptable excipients may serve more than one function and may serve alternative functions depending on how much the excipient is present in the formulation and what other ingredients are present in the formulation.

Skilled artisans possess the knowledge and skill in the art to enable them to select suitable pharmaceutically-acceptable excipients in appropriate amounts for use in the invention. In addition, there are a number of resources that are available to the skilled artisan which describe pharmaceutically-acceptable excipients and may be useful in selecting suitable pharmaceutically-acceptable excipients. Examples include Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences (Mack Publishing Company), The Handbook of Pharmaceutical Additives (Gower Publishing Limited), and The Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients (the American

Pharmaceutical Association and the Pharmaceutical Press).

The pharmaceutical compositions of the invention are prepared using techniques and methods known to those skilled in the art. Some of the methods commonly used in the art are described in Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences (Mack Publishing Company). In one aspect, the invention is directed to a solid oral dosage form such as a tablet or capsule comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of the invention and a diluent or filler. Suitable diluents and fillers include lactose, sucrose, dextrose, mannitol, sorbitol, starch (e.g. corn starch, potato starch, and pre-gelatinized starch), cellulose and its derivatives (e.g. microcrystalline cellulose), calcium sulfate, and dibasic calcium phosphate. The oral solid dosage form may further comprise a binder. Suitable binders include starch (e.g. corn starch, potato starch, and pre-gelatinized starch), gelatin, acacia, sodium alginate, alginic acid, tragacanth, guar gum, povidone, and cellulose and its derivatives (e.g.

microcrystalline cellulose). The oral solid dosage form may further comprise a disintegrant. Suitable disintegrants include crospovidone, sodium starch glycolate, croscarmelose, alginic acid, and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. The oral solid dosage form may further comprise a lubricant. Suitable lubricants include stearic acid, magnesium stearate, calcium stearate, and talc. In another embodiment, the present invention is directed to a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of neurodegeneration disease comprising a compound described herein or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. In another embodiment, the present invention is directed a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), comprising a compound described herein or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

E. Process of preparing compounds The process to be utilized in the preparation of compounds of Formula (I) described herein depends upon the desired compounds. Such factors as the selection of the specific substituent and various possible locations of the specific substituent all play a role in the path to be followed in the preparation of the specific compounds of this invention. Those factors are readily recognized by one of ordinary skill in the art.

In general, the compounds of the present invention may be prepared by standard techniques known in the art and by known processes analogous thereto. General methods for preparing compounds of Formula (I) are set forth below. All starting material and reagents described in the below general experimental schemes are commercially available or can be prepared by methods known to one skilled in the art. The skilled artisan will appreciate that if a substituent described herein is not compatible with the synthetic methods described herein, the substituent may be protected with a suitable protecting group that is stable to the reaction conditions. The protecting group may be removed at a suitable point in the reaction sequence to provide a desired intermediate or target compound. Suitable protecting groups and the methods for protecting and de- protecting different substituents using such suitable protecting groups are well known to those skilled in the art; examples of which may be found in T. Greene and P. Wuts,

Protecting Groups in Chemical Synthesis (3rd ed.), John Wiley & Sons, NY (1999). In some instances, a substituent may be specifically selected to be reactive under the reaction conditions used. Under these circumstances, the reaction conditions convert the selected substituent into another substituent that is either useful as an intermediate compound or is a desired substituent in a target compound.

General Schemes 1 and 2 provide exemplary processes of synthesis for preparing compounds of the present invention.

General Scheme 1

10

General Scheme 1 provides an exemplary process of synthesis for preparing compound 11 , which represents compounds of Formula (I). In Scheme 1 , R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ , A, X and n are defined in Formula I. Hall , Hal2 and Hal3 are halo groups such as CI, Br, I. LG1 and LG2 are leaving groups such as OMs (methanesulfonate) or OTs (4-methylbenzenesulfonate).

Step (i) may be a substitution reaction by reacting compound 1 with compound 2 in basic conditions (for example, in the presence of a suitable base such as trimethylamine) in a suitable solvent (such as tetrahydrofuran or Tween 20/water solution) at a suitable temperature such as 0 °C to 100 °C to provide intermediate 3.

Intermediate 4 may be obtained in step (ii) by reacting intermediate 3 with a suitable reagent such MsCI (methanesulfonyl chloride) in the presence of a suitable base such as

triethylamine in a suitable solvent such as dichloromethane under a suitable temperature such as -20 °C to 40 °C.

Step (iii) may be a substitution reaction by reacting compound 5 with compound 6 using a suitable base such as K2CO3 in a suitable solvent such as N, /V-dimethylformamide at a suitable temperature such as 0 °C to 100 °C to provide intermediate 7.

Intermediate 8 may be obtained in step (iv) by a hydrolysis reaction of intermediate 7 in the presence of a suitable base such as KOH in a suitable solvent such as water under a suitable temperature such as 20 °C to 100 °C.

Intermediate 9 may be obtained in step (v) by reacting intermediate 4 with intermediate 8 using a suitable base such as K2CO3 in a suitable solvent such as DMF(/V, N- dimethylformamide) at a suitable temperature such as 20 °C to 100 °C.

Step (vi) may be a reduction reaction of intermediate 9 in the presence of a suitable metal such as Fe and a suitable reagent such as NH4CI in a suitable solvent such as EtOH under a suitable temperature such as room temperature to 100 °C to provide intermediate 10.

Step (vii) may be an intro-molecular coupling reaction of intermediate 10 using a suitable catalyst such as Pd2(dba)3 in the presence of a suitable base such as K3PO4 and a suitable ligand such as 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2',4',6'-triisopropylbiphenyl in a suitable solvent such as dioxane under a suitable temperature such as 90 °C to 120 °C to provide compound 11.

Compound 11 may also be obtained in step (viii) directly by reductive cyclization of intermediate 9 in the presence of a suitable metal such as Fe and a suitable reagent such as NH4CI in a suitable solvent (such as EtOH or EtOH/water) under a suitable temperature such as room temperature to 100 °C

General Scheme 2

11

General Scheme 2 provides an exemplary process of synthesis for preparing compound 11 , which represents compounds of Formula (I). In Scheme 2, R ¹ , R ² , R ³ , R ⁴ , R ⁵ , R ^a , X and n are defined in Formula I. Hall , Hal2 and Hal3 are halo groups such as CI, Br, I, PG1 and PG2 are suitable protecting groups such as THP (tetrahydro-2/-/-pyran), Boc(tert- butyloxycarbonyl) or SEM((trimethylsilyl)ethoxy)methyl).

Step (ix) is a protection reaction, which involves by reacting compound 4 with a suitable reagent such as DHP in the presence of a suitable acid such as TsOH in a suitable solvent such as dichloromethane at a suitable temperature such as 20 °C to 60 °C to provide intermediate 12.

Intermediate 14 may be obtained in step(x) by reacting intermediate 12 with compound 13 in the presence of a suitable base such as NaH in a suitable solvent such as DMF(/V, N- dimethylformamide) at a suitable temperature such as 20 °C to 100 °C. Step (x) may alternatively be a Ulmann reaction by reacting intermediate 12 with compound 13 in the presence of a suitable catalyst such as Cul, a suitable base such as K2CO3 and a suitable ligand in a suitable solvent such as toluene under a suitable temperature such as 90 °C to 120 °C to provide intermediate 14.

Step (xi) is a de-protection reaction, which involves treating intermediate 14 with a suitable acid such HCI in a suitable solvent such as 1 ,4-dioxane at a suitable temperature such as 25 °C to 40 °C to give intermediate 15. Step (xii) may be a substitution reaction by reacting compound 1 with intermediate 15 using a suitable base such as DIPEA in a suitable solvent such as / ^' -PrOH at a suitable

temperature such as 20 °C to 100 °C to provide intermediate 16.

Intermediate 9 may be obtained in step (xiii) by reacting intermediate 16 with compound 6 using a suitable base such as CS2CO3 in a suitable solvent such as DMF at a suitable temperature such as 20 °C to 100 °C, followed by reductive cyclization to provide compound 11 in step (viii).

Step (xiv) may be a reductive cyclization reaction of intermediate 16 in the presence of a suitable metal such as Fe and a suitable reagent such as NH4CI in a suitable solvent such as EtOHunder a suitable temperature such as 20 °C to 100 °C to provide compound 17 (which is compound 1 1 when R3=H).

Compound 11 may also be obtained in step (xv) by reacting intermediate 17 with a suitable acylating reagent such as cyclopropanecarbonyl chloridein the presence of a suitable base such as ΕίβΝ in a suitable solvent such as dichloromethane under a suitable temperature such as 0 °C to 40 °C.

The starting material and reagents described in the above schemes are either commercially available or may be readily prepared from commercially available compounds using procedures known to a person of ordinary skill in the art. In one embodiment, the invention may be described by the following numbered paragraphs: Paragraph 1. A compound of Formula (I)

Formula (I)

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein

X is CH or N;

n is 2, 3, 4 or 5;

A is O or NR ^a , wherein

R ^a is

H; Ci-4alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl, wherein Ci-3alkoxyl is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;

C3-6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci- 3alkoxyl; or

four to seven-membered heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, and the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo and Ci-3alkyl, which Chalky is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents; ) H, halo, CN;

) Ci-4alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl, which Ci- 3alkoxyl is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;

) C2-6alkenyl optionally substituted with one to three halo or Ci-3alkyl, which Ci- 3alkyl is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents ;

) C2-6alkynyl optionally substituted with one to three Ci-3alkyl substituents, which Ci-3alkyl is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;;

) Ci-4alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;

) C3-6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Ci-3alkoxyl and Ci-3alkyl, wherein Ci-3alkoxyl and Ci-3alkyl are optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;

) OC3-6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Ci-3alkoxyl and Ci-3alkyl;

) four to seven-membered heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, and the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Ci-3alkoxyl and Ci-3alkyl; 9) O-heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, wherein the heterocyclyl ring is a four to seven-membered ring optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Ci-3alkoxyl and Ci-3alkyl; or

10) SCi-4alkyl optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;

R ₂ is

H, halo, CN;

Ci-4alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;

Ci-4alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl, which Ci-3alkoxyl is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents; or

C3-6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

Rs is

1 ) H;

2) -CO-Z, wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of

four to seven-membered heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N;

C3-6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Ci-3alkl, and Ci-3alkoxyl; and

Ci-6alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo and Ci-3alkoxyl;

3) four to seven-membered heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, and the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of

halo;

Ci-3alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

Ci-3alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl; and four to seven-membered heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, and the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, Ci-3alkyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

Ci-6alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of

CN, hydroxyl, halo;

Ci-4alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

-CO-Q, wherein Q is Ci-4alkoxyl, hydroxyl, NH2 or NR _c Rd, wherein R _c and Rd are independently H or Ci-4alkyl;

four to seven-membered heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, wherein the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;

C3-7cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of

halo, hydroxyl;

Ci-3alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

Ci-4alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl; and four to seven-membered heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, wherein the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Ci-3alkyl, and Ci-3alkoxyl;

C-linked 7-9 membered bridged cyclyl ring optionally having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Chalky and Ci-3alkoxyl; 7) C-linked 7-10 membered spirane cyclyl ring optionally having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Chalky and Ci-3alkoxyl; or

8) C-linked 6-9 membered fused cyclyl ring optionally having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Chalky and Ci-3alkoxyl;

R ₄ and Rs, at each occurrence, are each independently selected from the group consisting of

H, halo, hydroxyl;

Ci _-4 alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, Ci _-4 alkoxy, OCi _-4 haloalkyl, and four to seven- membered heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N;

C3-6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci _-4 alkoxy;

four to seven-mem bered heterocyclyl ring having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, wherein the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl, Ci-3alkyl, and Ci-3alkoxyl; and

Ci _-4 alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci-4alkoxy. Paragraph 2. The compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to paragraph 1 , wherein

X is CH or N;

n is 2, 3, 4 or 5;

A is O or NR ^a , wherein R ^a is H or Ci _-4 alkyl optionally substituted with Ci-3alkoxyl;

Ri is H, halo, CN, Ci _-4 alkoxyl, C2-6alkenyl, C2-6alkynyl or Ci _-4 alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

R2 is H, halo, CN, Ci _-4 haloalkyl, Ci _-4 alkyl optionally substituted with Ci-3alkoxyl and C3- 6cycloalkyl;

R ₃ is ) H;

) -CO-Z, wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of

C3-6cycloalkyl and four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring having O as heteroatom ring member;

) four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring having one to two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, and the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of

halo;

Ci-3alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

Ci-3alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl; and

four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring having one to two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N;

) Ci-4alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of

CN, hydroxyl, halo;

Ci-2alkoxyl;

-CO-Q, wherein Q is Ci-2alkoxyl, hydroxyl, or Nh ;

four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring having one to two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, wherein the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;

C3-6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of

halo, hydroxyl; Ci-3alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

Ci-4alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl; and

four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring having one to two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, wherein the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;

6) C-linked 7-9 membered bridged cyclyl ring optionally having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N; or

7) C-linked 7-10 membered spirane cyclyl ring optionally having one or two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N;

R ₄ and Rs, at each occurrence, are each independently selected from the group consisting of

H, halo, hydroxyl;

Ci _-4 alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo and Ci _-4 alkoxy;

C3-6cycloalkyl; and

Ci _-4 alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo and Ci _-4 alkoxy.

Paragraph 3. The compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to any of paragraphs 1 to 2, wherein Ri is selected from the group consisting of H, halo, CN, methyl, methoxy, trifluoromethyl, ethenyl and ethynyl. Paragraph 4. The compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to any of paragraphs 1 to 3, wherein R2 is selected from the group consisting of H, halo, CN, methyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, cyclopropyl and methoxyethyl.

Paragraph 5. The compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to any of paragraphs 1 to 4, wherein R3 is

1 ) H;

2) -CO-Z, wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of cyclopropyl, oxetanyl and tetrahydro-2/-/-pyranyl; ) four to six-membered heterocydyl ring selected from the group consisting of oxetanyl, azetidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl, piperidinyl and morpholinyl, wherein the heterocydyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, halo;

Ci-3alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

Ci-3alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl; and

four to six-membered heterocydyl ring having one to two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N;

) Ci-4alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of

CN, hydroxyl, halo;

Ci-2alkoxyl;

-CO-Q, wherein Q is Ci-2alkoxyl, hydroxyl, or Nh ;

four to six-membered heterocydyl ring selected from the group consisting of oxetanyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl and morpholinyl, wherein the heterocydyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;

C4-6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of

halo, hydroxyl;

Ci-3haloalkyl;

Ci-3alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

Ci-4alkoxyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl; and four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring having one to two heteroatom ring members independently selected from O and N, wherein the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three halo substituents;

C°.

Paragraph 6. The compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to any of paragraphs 1 to 5, wherein F¾ is

1 ) H;

four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring selected from the group consisting of oxetanyl, azetidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl, piperidinyl and morpholinyl, and the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from the group consisting of halo;

oxetanyl; and

Ci-3alkyl optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, hydroxyl and Ci-3alkoxyl;

2-cyano-2-propyl;

C4-6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with e substituents independently selected from hydroxyl, morpholinyl and

6) X>

Paragraph 7. The compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to any of paragraphs 1 to 6, wherein R ₄ and Rs, at each occurrence, are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, halo, Ci-3alkyl, methoxy, ethoxy, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethoxy, methoxymethyl and cyclopropyl. Paragraph 8. The compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to any of paragraphs 1 to 7, wherein R ₄ and Rs, at each occurrence, are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, methyl, ethyl, methoxy, fluoromethyl,

difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, and methoxymethyl.

Paragraph 9. The compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to any of paragraphs 1 to 8, wherein A is NH, X is N and n is 3.

Paragraph 10. The compound according to any of paragraphs 1 to 9, having the structure of Formula (IA)

Formula (IA)

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein

R ₂ is CI, CN or methyl;

Rs is

1 ) H

2) four to six-membered heterocyclyl ring selected from the group consisting of oxetanyl, azetidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydro-2H-pyranyl, piperidinyl and morpholinyl, wherein the heterocyclyl ring is optionally substituted with one to three substituents independently selected from halo, methyl, methoxyethyl and oxytanyl;

3) 2-cyano-2-propyl;

4) C _4- 6cycloalkyl optionally substituted with e substituents independently selected from hydroxyl, morpholinyl and a, KX> _:

R ₄ is H, methyl, ethyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, or methoxymethyl; and

R5 is H, F, methyl, or methoxy.

Paragraph 1 1. A compound selected from

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Paragraph 12. The compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to any of paragraphs 1 to10, wherein F¾ is H.

Parag

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Paragraph 14. A compound of Formula (I), Formula (IA) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to any of paragraphs 1 to 13 for use in therapy.

Paragraph 15. A compound of Formula (I), Formula (IA) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to any of paragraphs 1 to 13 for use in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Paragraph 16. A method of treatment of Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), which comprises administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (I), Formula (IA), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to any of paragraphs 1 to 13.

Paragraph 17. The method of paragraph 29, wherein the subject is a human.

Paragraph 18. Use of a compound of Formula (I), Formula (IA) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to any of paragraphs 1 to 13 in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

Paragraph 19. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of Formula (I) , Formula (IA) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to any of

paragraphs=s 1 to 13, and one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

Paragraph 20. A pharmaceutical composition for use in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), wherein the

composition comprises a compound of Formula (I), Formula (IA) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to any of paragraphs 1 to 13, and one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

EXAMPLES

General Experimental Procedures

The following descriptions and examples illustrate the invention. These examples are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but rather to provide guidance to the skilled artisans to prepare and use the compounds, compositions and methods of the present invention. While particular embodiments of the present invention are described, the skilled chemists will appreciate that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

The chemical names of compounds described in the present application follows the principle of lUPAC nomenclature.

Heating of reaction mixtures with microwave irradiations was carried out on a Smith Creator (purchased from Personal Chemistry, Forboro/MA, now owned by Biotage), an Emrys Optimizer (purchased from Personal Chemistry) or an Explorer (provided by CEM Discover, Matthews/NC) microwave.

Conventional techniques may be used herein for work up of reactions and purification of the products of the Examples.

References in the Examples below relating to the drying of organic layers or phases may refer to drying the solution over magnesium sulfate or sodium sulfate and filtering off the drying agent in accordance with conventional techniques. Products may generally be obtained by removing the solvent by evaporation under reduced pressure.

Purification of the compounds in the examples may be carried out by conventional methods such as chromatography and/or re-crystallization using suitable solvents. Chromatographic methods are known to the skilled persons and include e.g. column chromatography, flash chromatography, HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography), and MDAP (mass directed auto-preparation, also referred to as mass directed LCMS purification). MDAP is described in e.g. W. Goetzinger et al, Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 2004, 238, 153-162.

Analtech Silica Gel GF and E. Merck Silica Gel 60 F-254 thin layer plates were used for thin layer chromatography (TLC). Both flash and gravity chromatography were carried out on E. Merck Kieselgel 60 (230-400 mesh) silica gel. Preparative HPLC were performed using a Gilson Preparative System using a Luna 5u C18(2) 100A reverse phase column eluting with a 10-80 gradient (0.1 % aqueous TFA acetonitrile) or a 10-80 gradient (water/acetonitrile). The CombiFlash system used for purification in this application was purchased from Isco, Inc. CombiFlash purification was carried out using a pre-packed S1O2 column, a detector with UV wavelength at 254nm and mixed solvents.

The terms "CombiFlash", "Biotage®", "Biotage 75" and "Biotage SP4®" when used herein refer to commercially available automated purification systems using pre-packed silica gel cartridges.

Title compounds were generally/typically characterized with LCMS or/and NMR. ¹ H NMR or ¹⁹ F NMR spectra were recorded using a Bruker Avance 400MHz spectrometer. CDCI3 is deuteriochloroform, DMSO-c/6 is hexadeuteriodimethylsulfoxide, and CD3OD is tetradeuteriomethanol. Chemical shifts are reported in parts per million (ppm) downfield from the internal standard tetramethylsilane (TMS) or the NMR solvent. Abbreviations for NMR data are as follows: s = singlet, d = doublet, t = triplet, q = quartet, m = multiplet, dd = doublet of doublets, dt= doublet of triplets, td= triplets of doublets, dq= doublet of quartets, br = broad. J indicates the NMR coupling constant measured in Hertz (Hz).

All temperatures are reported in degrees Celsius (°C). All other abbreviations are as described in the ACS Style Guide (American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1986).

Absolute stereochemistry can be determined by methods known to one skilled in the art, for example X-ray or Vibrational Circular Dichroism (VCD).

When an enantiomer or a diasteroisomer is described and the absolute stereochemistry of a chiral center is not known, the use of " ^* " at the chiral centre denotes that the absolute stereochemistry of the chiral center is not known, i.e. the compound as drawn may be either a single R enantiomer or a single S enantiomer. Where the absolute stereochemistry at a chiral center of an enantiomer or a diasteroisomer is known, a bold wedge symbol ( ) or a hashed wedge symbol ( ) is used as appropriate, without the use of " ^* " at the chiral centre.

LCMS Conditions:

Instruments: HPLC: Agilent 1200 and MS: Agilent 6120

1 ) Acidic conditions:

Column: Agilent SB-C18 4.6 x 30 mm-1 .8 microns

Mobile phase: water containing 0.05 % FA / 0.05% CH ₃ CN

Detection: MS and photodiode array detector (PDA)

2) Basic conditions: (A)

Column: XBridgeTM C18 4.6 x 50 mm-3.5 microns

Mobile phase: water containing 10 mmol NH4HCO3 / CH3CN

Detection: MS and photodiode array detector (PDA) (B)

Column: Welch Ultimate XB-C18 5μηι 4.6 ^* 33mm

Mobile phase: water containing 0.02% NH ₄ OAc / CH ₃ CN

Detection: MS and photodiode array detector (PDA)

MDAP Conditions:

1 ) Acidic conditions:

Instrument: Waters instrument Column: Sunfire Prep C18 column (5 urn, 19 x 50 mm)

Mobile phase: water containing 0.05% TFA / acetonitrile.

2) Basic conditions:

Instrument: Waters instrument

Column: Xbridge Prep C18 column (5 urn, 19 x 50 mm)

Mobile phase: water containing 0.04% ammonia/ acetonitrile.

Prep-HPLC Conditions

Instrument: Waters instrument

Column: Xbridge Prep C18 column OBD (10 urn, 19 x 250 mm)

Mobile phase: water containing 0.08% ammonia/ acetonitrile.

Chiral-HPLC isolation instruments:

1 . Gilson Gx-281 Prep LC (Gilson 806 Manometric Module, Gilson 81 1 D Dynamic Mixer,Gilson Gx-281 prep liquid handler, Gilson 306 Pump ^* 2, Gilson 156 Detector),

2. Agilent 1200 series Prep LC (Agilent G1361A Prep pump ^* 2, Agilent G2260A Prep ALS, Agilent G1315D DAD Detector, Agilent G1364B Prep FC),

3. Thar SFC Prep 80 (TharSFC ABPR1 , TharSFC SFC Prep 80 C0 ₂ Pump, TharSFC Co-Solvent Pump, TharSFC Cooling Heat Exchanger and Circulating Bath, TharSFC Mass Flow Meter, TharSFC Static Mixer, TharSFC Injection Module, Gilson UV

Detector, TharSFC Fraction Collection Module).

Chiral-HPLC Separation Conditions:

1 . Chiral method A: AD-H, 0.46 cm I.D. *15 cm L; mobile Phase: heptane: ethanol (0.1 % diethylamine) =60: 40; flow rate: 0.5 mL/min; wavelength: 254 nm; temperature: 25 °C.

2. Chiral method B: AS-H, 0.46 cm I.D. *15 cm L; mobile Phase: heptane: ethanol (0.1 % diethylamine) =80: 20; flow rate: 0.5 mL/min; Wavelength: 254 nm; Temperature: 25 °C.

3. Chiral method C: OJ-H, 0.46 cm I.D. *15 cm L; mobile Phase: heptane: ethanol (0.1 % diethylamine) =80: 20; flow rate: 0.5 mL/min; Wavelength: 254 nm; Temperature: 25 Chiral method D: ID-H, 0.46 cm I.D. x15 cm L; mobile Phase: heptane: / ^' -PrOH (0.1 % diethylamine) =80: 20; flow rate: 0.5 mL/min; Wavelength: 254 nm; Temperature: 25 °C.

Chiral method E: IC-H, 0.46 cm I.D. x15 cm L; mobile Phase: heptane: ethanol (0.1 % diethylamine) =60: 40; flow rate: 0.5 mL/min; wavelength: 254 nm; temperature: 25 °C.

Chiral method F: OD-H, 0.46 cm I.D. *15 cm L; mobile Phase: heptane: ethanol (0.1 % diethylamine) =60: 40; flow rate: 0.5 mL/min; wavelength: 254 nm; temperature: 25 °C.

Chiral method G: OZ-H, 0.46 cm I.D. *15 cm L; mobile Phase: heptane: ethanol (0.1 % diethylamine) =60: 40; flow rate: 0.5 mL/min; wavelength: 254 nm; temperature: 25 °C.

Abbreviations and Resource Sources

The following abbreviations and resources are used herein below:

atm - atmospheres

Ac - acetyl

Aq. - aqueous

Boc - ie f-butyloxycarbonyl

B0C2O - di-ie f-butyl dicarbonate

Bn - benzyl

CAN - Ceric ammonium nitrate

cone. - concentrated

CyNMe ₂ - (CN)N(CH3) ₂

DAST- Λ/,/V-diethylaminosuflur trifluoride

DCM - dichloromethane

DEAD - Diethyl azodicarboxylate

DHP - 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran

DIPEA - N, /V-diisopropylethylamine

DIAD - diisopropyl azodicarboxylate

DMAP - 4-Dimethylaminopyridine DMF - N, /V-dimethylformamide

DMSO - dimethyl sulfoxide

EA - ethyl acetate

Et - ethyl

EtOAc - ethyl acetate

EtOH - ethanol

Et.3N - triethylamine

FCC - flash column chromatography

HCI - hydrogen chloride

HOAc/AcOH - acetic acid

hrs - hours

HATU - 1 -[bis(dimethylamino)methylene]-1 H-1 ^^-triazolo^S-blpyridiniumS-oxidhexafluoro phosphate

IBX - 2-iodoxybenzoic acid

/ ^' -PrOH - isopropyl alcohol

LDA - lithium diisopropylamide

LiHMDS - lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide

LiAIH4 - lithium aluminium hydride

mCBPA - meta-Chloroperoxybenzoic acid

Me - methyl

MeOH - methanol

CH3OH - methanol

Ms - methane sulfonate

MsCI - methanesulfonyl chloride

NMM - 4-methylmorpholine

NMP - 1 -methyl-2-pyrrolidone

n-Bu - n-butyl

n-BuLi - n-Butyllithium f-Bu - f-butyl

Pd2(dba)3 - tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0)

Pd(dppf)Cl2 - [1 ,1 '-Bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]pa//ad/ ^' t/m(ll) dichloride

PE - petroleum ether

Ph ₃ P/PPh ₃ - triphenylphosphine

PMB - para methoxy benzyl

POC - Phosphoryl chloride

p-TsOH - p-toluenesulfonic acid

rt - room temperature

RT - retention time

Ru-phos - 2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2',6'-diisopropoxybiphenyl sat. - saturated

SEM - 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethoxymethyl

SEMCI - 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethoxymethyl chloride

SFC - Supercritical fluid chromatography

TBAI - tetrabutylammonium iodide

TBME - tert-butyl methyl ether

TEA - triethylamine

TFA - trifluoroacetic acid

TFAA - Trifluoroacetic anhydride

THF - tetrahydrofuran

THP - tetrahydropyranyl

TLC - thin layer chromatography

TMSCF3- trifluoromethyltrimethylsilane

Tween 20 - polysorbate 20

Description D1

1 -(Tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazole (D1 )

A mixture of 1 H-pyrazole (10.5 g, 154.23 mmol), tetrahydro-2/-/-pyran-4-yl methanesulfonate (41.7 g, 231 .35 mmol) and Cs ₂ C0 ₃ (75.4 g, 231 .35 mmol) in DMF (600 mL) was stirred at 100 °C for 24 hrs. The reaction was filtered and the filtrate was diluted with EtOAc (1000 mL). The mixture was washed with brine (6x200 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ , filtered and concentrated. The crude was purified by C18 column chromatography (CH3CN: H20= 30: 70) to give the title compound as an off-white solid (12.6 g, yield 53.7%). ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 7.52 (br, 1 H), 7.44 (br, 1 H), 6.27 (br, 1 H), 4.41 -4.33 (m, 1 H), 4.12-4.10 (m, 2H), 3.58-3.52 (m, 2H), 2.1 1 -2.03 (m, 4H).

Description D2

5-Methyl-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazole (D2)

To a solution of D1 (8.5 g, 55.85 mmol) in THF (100 mL) was added n-BuLi (1.6 M in THF, 53 mL, 83.76 mmol) at -78 °C under argon for 30 min. Then CH ₃ I (15.8 g, 1 1 1 .70 mmol) was added drop wise. The reaction was stirred at -78 °C for 30 min. The mixture was poured into ice water (150 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2x100 mL). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ , filtered and concentrated. The crude was purified by C18 column chromatography (CH3CN: H20= 40: 60) to give the title compound as an off- white solid (5.7 g, yield 61 .4%). LC-MS: 167.2 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D3

3, 4-Dibromo-5-methyl-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazole (D3)

To a solution of D2 (5.7 g, 34.29 mmol) and sodium acetate (5.7 g, 68.58 mmol) in AcOH (50 mL) was added Br2 (17.6 mL, 342.92 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 85 °C for 16 hrs. Sat. Na2SC>3 (200 mL) was added and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. Then the mixture was extracted with EtOAc (2x150 mL) and the combined organic layers were washed with brine (2x100 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ , filtered and concentrated. Then the residue was washed with hexane to give the title compound as a yellow solid (5.407 g, yield 48.7%). LC-MS: 324.9 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D4

3-Bromo-5-methyl-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazole

To a solution of D3 (5.407 g, 16.69 mmol) in 95% H ₂ S0 ₄ (50 mL) at 0 °C was added 97% HNO3 (50 mL) dropwise. The reaction was stirred at 0 °C for 0.5 hour, then slowly heated to room temperature and maintained for 1 hour. The mixture was poured into ice water (300 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (200 mL). The organic layer was washed with H2O (2x50 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ , filtered and concentrated to give the title compound as an off- white solid (1 .127 g, yield 23.3%).

Description D5

5-Methyl-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3-ol (D5)

To a mixture of D4 (560 mg, 1.93 mmol) in H ₂ 0 (20 mL) was added KOH (2.24 g). The reaction was stirred at 100 °C for 18 hrs. The mixture was washed with EtOAc (2x10 mL). The aqueous phase was neutralized with 2N HCI to pH= 3 and extracted with DCM (2x20 mL). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ , filtered and concentrated to give the title compound as a yellow solid (380 mg, yield 86.6%).

Description D6

ferf-Butyl-(3-((5-methyl-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3-yl)oxy) propyl) carbamate (D6) A mixture of D5 (120 mg, 0.53 mmol), ie f-butyl (3-bromopropyl)carbamate (187 mg, 0.79 mmol) and Cs ₂ C0 ₃ (346 mg, 1 .06 mmol) in DMF (10 mL) was heated at 80 °C for 16 hrs. The mixture was poured into water (50 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2x30 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with brine (5x30 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ , filtered and concentrated to give the title compound, which was used for next step without further purification. LC-MS: 285 [M+H-100] ⁺ .

Description D7

3-((5-Methyl-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3-yl)oxy)propan-1 -amine, HCI salt (D7)

A solution of D6 (204 mg, 0.53 mmol) in 4M HCI/MeOH (15 mL) was heated to 35 °C and stirred for 2 hrs. The reaction was concentrated to give the title compound, which was used in next step without further purification. LC-MS: 285.3 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D8

2,5-Dichloro-yV-(3-((5-methyl-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3- yl)oxy)propyl)pyrimidin-4-amine (D8)

To a solution of D7 (151 mg, 0.53 mmol) in DMF (20 mL) was added Et ₃ N (0.4 mL, 2.65 mmol) at room temperature and 2,4,5-trichloropyrimidine (138 mg, 0.75 mmol) was then added drop wise. The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 10 min. The mixture was poured into water (50 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2x30 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (5x20 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ , filtered and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc = 2: 1 ) to give the title compound as a yellow solid (154 mg, yield 67.6%). LC-MS: 431 .3 [M+H]

Description D9 W-(3-((4-Amino-5-methyl-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3-yl)oxy)propyl)-2,5- dichloropyrimidin-4-amine (D9)

To a solution of D8 (154 mg, 0.36 mmol) in EtOH/H ₂ 0 (20 mL/5 mL) were added NH ₄ CI (96 mg, 1 .79 mmol) and Fe (102 mg, 1 .79 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 80 °C for 2 hrs. The mixture was filtered and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was diluted with EtOAc (30 mL) and washed with H2O (2x20 mL). The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ , filtered and concentrated to give the title compound as a yellow solid (121 mg, yield 84.4%). LC-MS: 401.3 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D10

ferf-Butyl benzyl(3-(benzyloxy)-2-hydroxypropyl)carbamate (D10)

To a solution of BnNH ₂ (69.4 g, 0.65 mol) in 2% Tween 20/water (1 L) was added 2- ((benzyloxy)methyl)oxirane (90 g, 0.54 mol) at 5-10 °C dropwise. The reaction was stirred overnight at room temperature. To this mixture was added B0C2O (164.8 g, 0.756 mol) at 0- 5 °C dropwise. The reaction was stirred overnight at room temperature. CH2CI2 was added and the organic layer was washed with brine (500 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated. The crude was purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc = 10:1 ) to give the title compound as yellow oil (90 g, yield 45%). LC-MS: 394.3

[M+Na] ⁺ .

Description D11

ferf-Butyl benzyl (3-(benzyloxy)-2-methoxypropyl) carbamate (D11 )

To a solution of D10 (5.9 g, 15.9 mmol) in DMF (10 mL) were added CH ₃ I (6.78 g, 47.8 mmol) and NaH (0.69 g, 17.4 mmol, 60%) at 0-5 °C. The reaction was stirred at 0-5 °C for 3 hrs. The mixture was poured into water (100 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (100 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc = 3:1 ) to give the title compound as yellow oil (3.6 g, yield 59%). LC-MS: 386.3 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D12

ferf-Butyl (3-hydroxy-2-methoxypropyl)carbamate (D12)

A solution of D11 (3.6 g) and Pd/C (1 g) in MeOH (40 mL) was stirred at 50 °C under hydrogen overnight. The mixture was filtered, the filter cake was washed with MeOH (2x20 mL) and the combined filtrate was concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 3:1 ) to give the title compound as oil (318 mg, yield 16.6%).

Description D13

3-((ferf-Butoxycarbonyl)amino)-2-methoxypropyl methanesulfonate (D13)

E oc

To a solution of D12 (318 mg, 1.55 mmol) in CH ₂ CI ₂ (20 mL) were added Et ₃ N (470 mg, 4.65 mmol) and after stirred for 30min, MsCI (266.5 mg, 2.32 mmol) was added at 0-5 °C. The reaction was stirred at 25 °C for 3 hrs. The mixture was poured into water (50 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2x50 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated to give the title compound as yellow oil (400 mg, yield 91 %). LC-MS: 306.2 [M+Na] ⁺ .

Description D14

ferf-Butyl (2-methoxy-3-((5-methyl-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3- yl)oxy)propyl)carbamate (D14) To a solution of D13 (350 mg, 1 .23 mmol) in DMF (20 mL) were added K ₂ C0 ₃ (256 mg, 1.85 mmol) and D5 (141 mg, 0.61 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 80 °C overnight. The mixture was poured into water (100 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2x80 mL). The organic layer was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc = 10:1 ) to give the title compound as yellow oil (130 mg, yield 50%). LC-MS: 437.3 [M+Na] ⁺ .

Description D15

2-Methoxy-3-((5-methyl-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3-yl)oxy) propan-1 -amine, TFA salt (D15)

To a solution of D14 (130 mg) in CH2CI2 (20 mL) was added TFA (4 mL). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The mixture was concentrated to give the title compound as yellow oil (150 mg, crude). LC-MS: 316.3 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D16

2,5-Dichloro-W-(2-methoxy-3-((5-methyl-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H- pyrazol-3-yl)oxy)propyl)pyrimidin-4-amine (D16)

To a solution of D15 (97 mg, 0.31 mmol) in 2% Tween/water (2%, 10mL) were added Et ₃ N (1 mL) and 2,4,5-trichloropyrimidine (57.4 mg, 0.31 mmol). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The suspension was filtred and the yellow solid was obtained (120 mg, yield 93.7%). LC-MS: 461.1 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D17

3-((2,5-Dichloropyrimidin-4-yl)amino)butan-1 -ol (D17)

To a solution of 2,4,5-trichloropyrimidine(1.83 g, 10 mmol) in 2% Tween 20/water (50 mL) was added 3-aminobutan-1 -ol (880 mg, 10 mmol) at 0 °C and stirred for 4 hrs. The reaction was concentrated and filtered. The solid was washed with CAN to give the title compound as a white solid (1 .5 g, yield 64%). LC-MS: 236.1 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D18

3-((2,5-Dichloropyrimidin-4-yl)amino)butyl methanesulfonate (D18)

To a solution of D17 (1 .5 g, 6.4 mmol) in CH ₂ CI ₂ (20 mL) were added Et ₃ N (3 mL) and MsCI (2.6 g, 12.7 mmol). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 3 hrs. The mixture was concentrated and the residue was poured into water and extracted with CH2CI2. The organic layer was concentrated to give the title compound as a yellow solid (1 .8 g, yield 90%). LC-MS: 314.1 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D19

2,5-Dichloro-W-(4-((5-methyl-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3- yl)oxy)butan-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-amine (D19)

To a solution of D18 (1 .0 g, 2.46 mmol) in DMF (40 mL) were added K2CO3 (340 mg, 2.46 mmoL) and D5 (190 mg, 0.82 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 80 °C overnight. The mixture was poured into water and extracted with EtOAc (3x100 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc = 3:1 ) to give the title compound as a yellow solid (250 mg, yield 68%). LC-MS: 445.1 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D20 3,4,5-Tribromo-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)-1 H-pyrazol (D20)

To a solution of 3,4,5-tribromo-1 /-/-pyrazole (21 g, 69 mmol) in THF (200 mL) were added tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-ol (8.5 g, 83 mmol), PPh ₃ (36 g, 138 mmol), DIAD (27 g, 138 mmol) at 0 °C. The resulting mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 3 hrs. The mixture was poured into water (100 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3x100 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 10: 1 ) to give the title compound as oil (10 g, yield 50%).

Description D21 and D22

3,4-Dibromo-5-methyl-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)-1 H-pyrazole (D21 )

3,4-Dibromo-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)-1 H-pyrazole (D22)

D21 D22

To a solution of D20 (1 .0 g, 2.6 mmol) in THF (10 mL) was added n-BuLi (1 .6 M in THF, 1 .6 mL, 2.6 mmol) at -70 °C under argon for 30 min, and then CH3I (0.8 g, 5.2 mmol) was added drop wise. The reaction was stirred at -70 °C for 2 hrs. The mixture was poured into ice and the sat. NH ₄ CI solution and extracted with EtOAc (2x 100 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 10: 1 ) to give the mixture of the title compounds as yellow solids (900 mg, yield 60%). D21 : LC-MS: 324.9 [M+H] ⁺ . D22: LC- MS: 310.9 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D23 and D24

3-Bromo-5-methyl-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)-1 H-pyrazole (D23)

3-Bromo-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)-1 H-pyrazole (D24)

D23 D24

To a stirred solution of D21 and D22 (900 mg, 2.8 mmol) in 95% H ₂ S0 ₄ (10 mL) at 0°C was added 97% HNO3 (9 mL) dropwise. The mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 3 hrs. The reaction mixture was poured into ice, and extracted with EtOAc (3x50 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated in vaxuo. The crude product was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 10: 1 ) to give the mixture of the title compounds as yellow solids (800 mg, yield 90%). D23: LC-MS: 290.1 [M+H] ⁺ . D24: LC-MS: 276.0 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D25 and D26

5-Methyl-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3-ol (D25)

4-Nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3-ol (D26)

D25 D26

A mixture of D23, D24 (400 mg, 1 .4 mmol) and KOH (1 .2 g) in H ₂ 0 (10 mL) was stirred at 120 °C overnight. The mixture was washed with EtOAc (2x20 mL). The aqueous neutralized with 6N HCI to pH=3 and extracted with EtOAc (2x20 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated in vacuo to give the mixture of the title compounds as yellow solids (200 mg, yield 56%).

Description D27

W-(3-Bromopropyl)-2,5-dichloropyrimidin-4-amine

To a solution of 3-bromopropan-1 -amine hydrobromide (5.6 g, 25 mmol) in / ^' -PrOH (40 mL) were added Et ₃ N (7.74 g, 76 mmol) and 2,4,5-trichloropyrimidine (4.69 g, 25 mmol) at 0 °C. The reaction was stirred at room temperature overnight. The mixture was poured into water (100 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (100 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 10: 1 ) to give the title compound as white solid (4 g, 55% yield). LC-MS: 286.1 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D28 and D29

2,5-Dichloro-yV-(3-((5-methyl-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3-yl) oxy)propyl)pyrimidin-4-amine (D28)

2,5-Dichloro-yV-(3-((4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3-yl)oxy)propyl) pyrimidin-4-amine (D29)

D28 D29 A solution of D25 and D26 (500 mg, 2.2 mmol), D27 (753 mg, 2.6 mmol) and K ₂ C0 ₃ (607 mg, 4.4 mmol) in DMF (5 mL) was stirred at 80 °C for 16 hrs. The mixture was poured into H2O (10 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3x10 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 1 :1 ) to give the mixture of title compounds as yellow solid (500 mg, yield 58%).

Description D30

5-Chloro-3-methyl-4-nitro-1 -((2-(trimethylsilyl)ethoxy)methyl)-1 H-pyrazole (D30)

To a solution of 5-chloro-3-methyl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazole (12.5 g, 77.4 mmol) and Cy2NMe

(21.2 g/23.2 mL, 108.5 mmol) in THF (230 mL) under argon at 0 °C was added SEMCI (15.5 g/16.5 mL, 93.0 mmol) via syringe over 5 minutes. The reaction was stirred under argon at 0 °C for 15 min and then at room temperature for 1 hour. The mixture was diluted with water (200 mL), followed by addition of brine (100 mL). The resultant was extracted with EtOAc (2x150 mL). The combined organics were washed with brine (200 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ , filtered and concentrated. The crude was purified by column

chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc = 10:1 ) to give the title compound as light yellow oil (1 1.5 g, yield 50%). Description D31

ferf-Butyl (3-((3-methyl-4-nitro-1 -((2-(trimethylsilyl)ethoxy)methyl)-1 H-pyrazol-5-yl)oxy) propyl)carbamate (D31 )

A mixture of D30 (22.9 g, 77.4 mmol) and /V-Boc-propanolamine (27.1 g, 154.7 mmol) was dried under vacuo for 15 minutes. Dry toluene (390 mL) was added under argon, followed by sequential addition of Cul (2.21 g, 1 1 .6 mmol), 1 ,10-phenanthroline (4.18 g, 23.2 mmol) and CS2CO3 (40.4 g, 124 mmol). The reaction was stirred overnight under argon at 90 °C. The cooled mixture was filtered through a pad of Celite and the filter cake was washed by EtOAc (1 L). The combined filtrate was concentrated to dryness and the dark residue oil was purified by chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc = 15: 1 to 5: 1 ) to give the title compound as orange oil (1 1 .8 g, yield 35%). LC-MS: 453.3 [M+Na] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 5.29 (s, 2H), 5.10 (br, 1 H), 4.43 (t, J= 5.8 Hz, 2H), 3.66 (t, J= 8.4 Hz, 2H),

3.39-3.37 (m, 2H), 2.50 (s, 3H), 2.06-2.02 (m, 2H), 1 .44 (s, 9H), 0.94 (t, J= 8.4 Hz, 2H), 0.00 (s, 9H).

Description D32

3-((5-Methyl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-3-yl)oxy)propan-1 -amine, HCI salt (D32)

To a solution of D31 (1 1.8 g, 27.4 mmol) in MeOH (20 mL) under argon at room temperature was added HCI/MeOH (5 M, 240 mL). The reaction was stirred overnight under argon at 40 °C. The light yellow suspension was concentrated to dryness. The residue was suspended in MeOH (30 mL), stirred for 15 minutes, filtered. The filter cake was collected and dried under vacuo to give the title compound as a light yellow solid (5.43 g, yield 83%). ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ): δ 13.22 (s, 1 H), 8.02 (br, 3H), 4.32 (t, J= 6.0 Hz, 2H), 2.95 (br, 2H), 2.50 (s, 3H), 2.09-2.03 (m, 2H). Description D33

2,5-Dichloro-W-(3-((5-methyl-4-nitro-1 H^yrazol-3-yl)oxy)propyl)pyrimidin

(D33)

To a suspension of D32 (4.87 g, 20.6 mmol) in / ^' -PrOH (150 mL) was added DIPEA (13.6 mL, 82.3 mmol). The reaction was stirred under argon at 0 °C for 10 minutes and 2,4,5- trichloropyrimidine (4.15 g, 22.6 mmol) was added via syringe. The mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred overnight under argon. The mixture was concentrated to dryness. The residue was suspended in water (100 mL), filtered. The filter cake was washed by water (100 mL), dried under infrared lamp at 50 °C for 2 hrs and collected to give the title compound as an off-white solid (7.08 g, yield 99%). LC-MS: 347.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ): δ 12.90 (br, 1 H), 8.14 (s, 1 H), 7.98 (br, 1 H), 4.28 (t, J= 5.6 Hz, 2H), 3.56-3.51 (m, 2H), 2.47 (s, 3H), 2.05 (t, J = 6.2 Hz, 2H).

Description D34

2,5-Dichloro-yV-(3-((5-methyl-4-nitro-1 -(oxetan-3-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3-yl)oxy)propyl) pyrimidin-4-amine (D34)

To a solution of D33 (200 mg, 0.576 mmol) and oxetan-3-yl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate (263 mg, 1 .15 mmol) in DMF (3.0 mL) under argon at room temperature was added CS2CO3 (563 mg, 1 .73 mmol). The reaction was stirred under argon at 90 °C overnight. The mixture was diluted with water (25 mL), extracted with EtOAc (3x25 mL). The combined organics were washed with brine (20 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ , filtered. The filtrate was concentrated and the crude was purified by prep-TLC (CH2CI2: EtOAc = 3: 1 ) to give the title compound as a white solid (50 mg, yield 21 %). ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 8.00 (s, 1 H), 5.98 (s, 1 H), 5.40 (t, J= 7.0 Hz, 1 H), 5.15 (t, J= 6.2 Hz, 2H), 4.94 (t, J= 6.8 Hz, 2H), 4.54 (t, J = 5.4 Hz, 2H), 3.79 (dd, J= 1 1.8, 5.4 Hz, 2H), 2.58 (s, 3H), 2.26-2.20 (m, 2H). Description D35

3-Chloro-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazole (D35)

A mixture of 5-chloro-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazole (12.0 g, 81.34 mmol), tetrahydro-2/-/-pyran-4-yl methanesulfonate (14.660 g, 81.34 mmol) and Cs ₂ C0 ₃ (53.004 g, 162.68 mmol) in DMF (300 mL) was stirred at 100 °C for 16 hrs. The mixture was filtered and the filtrate was diluted with EtOAc (300 mL). The mixture was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated to give the title compound as a yellow solid (4.5 g, yield 24%). ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 9.07 (s, 1 H), 4.54-4.46 (m, 1 H), 3.98-3.94 (m, 2H), 3.47-3.40 (m, 2H), 2.03-1 .89 (m, 4H).

Description D36

4-Nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3-ol (D36)

A mixture of D35 (1 .0 g, 4.32 mmol) and KOH (2.0 g) in H ₂ 0 (30 mL) was stirred at 100 °C for 2 days. The mixture was washed with EtOAc (2x 15 mL). The aqueous phase neutralized with 6N HCI to pH=3 and extracted with EtOAc (2x50 mL). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ , filtered and concentrated to give the title compound as yellow solid (730 mg, yield 79%). LC-MS: 214.3 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D37

ieri-Butyl (3-((4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3-yl)oxy)propyl) carbamate (D37)

A mixture of D36 (426 mg, 2.00 mmol), ie/f-butyl (3-bromopropyl)carbamate (476 mg, 2.00 mmol) and K2CO3 (553 mg, 4.00 mmol) in DMF (20 mL) were stirred at 60 °C for 3 hrs. The mixture was poured into ice water (100 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2x60 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc = 2: 1 ) to give the title compound as a yellow solid (623 mg, yield 84%).

Description D38

ieri-Butyl (3-((4-amino-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3-yl)oxy)propyl) carba- mate (D38)

A mixture of D37 (623 mg, 1 .68 mmol), Fe (300 mg) and NH ₄ CI (300 mg) in EtOH/H ₂ 0 (20 mL/5 mL) was stirred at 100 °C for 2 hrs. The mixture was filtered and concentrated. The residue was diluted with EtOAc (60 mL). The mixture was washed with brine, dried over and concentrated to give the title compound as black oil (256 mg, yield 45%).

Description D39

ieri-Butyl A/-{3-[(4-{[(tert-butoxy)carbonyl]amino}-1 -(oxan-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3-yl)oxy] pr opyl}carbamate (D39)

To a solution of D38 (256 mg, 0.75 mmol) in THF (18 mL) was added LiHMDS (0.9 mL, 0.90 mmol) at 0 °C under nitrogen. The reaction was stirred at 0 °C for 0.5 hour. Then a solution of B0C2O (197 mg, 0.90 mmol) in THF (2 mL) was added dropwise. The reaction was stirred at 0 °C for 0.5 hour and then at room temperature for 16 hrs. The mixture was poured into aq.NH ₄ CI (60 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2x50 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried and concentrated. The crude was purified by chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc = 1 : 1 ) to give the title compound as a white solid (204 mg, yield 62%). LC-MS: 463.3 [M+Na] ⁺ .

Description D40

ieri-Butyl W-{3-[(4-{[(tert-butoxy)carbonyl]amino}-5-chloro-1 -(oxan-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3-y l)oxy]propyl}carbamate(D40)

To a solution of D39 (164 mg, 0.37 mmol) in THF (20 mL) was added LDA (2 M in THF, 1.85 mL, 3.70 mmol) at -50 °C under nitrogen. The reaction was stirred at -20 °C for 0.5h. Then a solution of C2CI6 (438 mg, 1.85 mmol) in THF (4 mL) was added dropwise. The reaction was stirred at -20 °C for 0.5 hour. The mixture was poured into aq. NH4CI (60 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2x50 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried and concentrated in vacuo. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc = 2:1 ) to give the title compound as a white solid (83 mg, yield 62%).

Description D41

W-(3-((4-Amino-5-chloro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3-yl)oxy)propyl)-2,5- dichloropyrimidin-4-amine (D41 )

A solution of D40 (83 mg, 0.17 mmol) in 4M HCI/dioxane (15 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 2 hrs. The reaction was concentrated and the residue was diluted with / ^' - PrOH (19 mL). Et ₃ N (0.5 mL) and 2,4,5-trichloropyrimidine (32 mg, 0.17 mmol) were added and the resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The mixture was poured into H2O (50 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2x30 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc = 2:1 ) to give the title compound as a white solid (60 mg, yield 81 %). LC-MS: 421.0 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D42

3-((2,5-Dichloropyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-2-fluoropropan-1 -ol (D42)

To a solution of 2,4,5-trichloropyrimidine (887 mg, 4.83 mmol) and 3-amino-2-fluoropropan- 1 -ol (450 mg, 4.83 mmol) in / ^' -PrOH (10 mL) was added DIPEA (1 .013 mL, 5.80 mmol) at 0 °C. After stirred at 0 °C for 10 min, the mixture was quenched with water (10 mL), extracted with DCM(3x20ml_), dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated to give the title compound to (570 mg, yield 49.1 %). LC-MS: 240.0 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D43

3-((2,5-Dichloropyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-2-fluoropropyl methanesulfonate(D43)

To a solution of D42 (270mg, 1.125 mmol) in DCM (2 ml.) was added MsCI (0.105 mL, 1 .350 mmol) and DIPEA (0.295 mL, 1 .687 mmol) at 25 °C. The reaction was stirred at 25 °C for 1 hour. The mixture was quenched with water (4 mL), extracted with DCM (2x5mL), dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated to give the title compound (358 mg, yield 100%). LC- MS: 318.0 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D44

2,5-Dichloro-W-(2-fluoro-3-((5-methyl-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H^yran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3- yl)oxy)propyl)pyrimidin-4-amine (D44)

To a solution of D5 (275 mg, 1.210 mmol) in DMF (5 mL) was added K ₂ C0 ₃ (152 mg, 1 .100mmol) and D43 (350mg, 1.100 mmol) at 25 °C. The mixture was stirred at 60 °C for 2 hrs. The mixture was quenched with water (10 mL), extracted with DCM (3x20 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated. The crude was purified by column

chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc=5:1 to 1 :1 ) to give the title compound (50 mg, 0.1 1 1 mmol, yield 10.1 %). LC-MS: 449.1 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D45

3-((2,5-Dichloropyrimidin-4-yl)amino)pentan-1 -ol (D45) To a solution of 3-aminopentan-1 -ol (500 mg, 4.85 mmol) in / ^' -PrOH (6 ml.) at 0 °C were added Et^N (1 .23 g, 12.1 mmol) and 2,4,5-trichloropyrimidine (930 mg, 5.07 mmol) dropwise. The reaction was stirred at 0 °C for 2 hrs. The mixture was filtered and washed with Et^O (10 ml_). The filtrate was washed with H2O (2x8 ml.) dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated. The crude was purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 10:1 to 3:1 ) to give the title compoud as an off-white solid (900 mg, yield 74%). LC- MS: 250.0 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D46

3-((2,5-Dichloropyrimidin-4-yl)amino)pentyl methanesulfonate (D46)

To a solution of D45 (0.40 g, 1.60 mmol) in CH2CI2 (10 ml.) were added Et ₃ N (486 mg, 4.8 mmol) and MsCI (366 mg, 3.2 mmol) at 0 °C. The reaction was stirred at 25 °C for 2 hrs. The mixture was poured into saturated NH ₄ CI aqueous solution (10 ml.) and extracted with CH2CI2 (2x10 ml_). The organic layers were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated. Then purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 10:1 to 4:1 ) to give the title compound as yellow oil (0.5 g, yield 95%). LC-MS: 328.2 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D47

2,5-Dichloro-/V-(1 -((5-methyl-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3- yl)oxy)pentan-3-yl)pyrimidin-4-amine (D47)

To a solution of D46 (433 mg, 1.32 mmol) in DMF (4 ml.) were added K2CO3 (304 mg, 2.2 mmol) and D5 (200 mg, 0.880 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 80 °C for 30 min. The cooled mixture was poured into saturated NH ₄ CI aqueous solution (15 ml.) and extracted with Et.20 (2x10 ml_). The organic layers were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated. The crude was purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 8:1 to 3:1 ) to give the title compound as an off-white solid (230 mg, yield 56%). LC-MS: 459.3 [M+H] ⁺ . Description D48

4-(3-Bromo-5-methyl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-1 -yl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-ol (D48)

To a solution of 3-bromo-5-methyl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazole (4 g, 19.42 mmol) in DMF (100 mL) were added K ₂ CO ₃ (8.05 g, 58.25 mmol) and 3,7-dioxabicyclo[4.1 .0]heptane (5.83 g, 58.26 mmol) at room temperature. The reaction was stirred at 80 °C for 10 hrs. The mixture was poured into water (200 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3x200 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated. The crude was purified by flash column chromatography (PE: EtOAc = 1 : 1 ) to give the title compound as yellow oil (2 g, yield 33%).

Description D49

3-Bromo-1 -(3-fluorotetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-5-methyl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazole (D49)

To a solution of D48 (2 g, 6.53 mmol) in CH ₂ CI ₂ (50 mL) was added DAST (2.1 1 g). The reaction was stirred at 25 °C for 1 hour. The mixture was poured into NaHCC>3 (sat., 100 m and extracted with CH2CI2 (3x200 mL). The organic layer was concentrated and the crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 1 :1 ) to give the title compound as yellow oil (1 g, yield 50%).

Description D50

1 -(3-Fluorotetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-5-methyl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-3-ol (D50) To a solution of D49 (1 g, 3.25 mmol) in H ₂ 0 (30 mL) were added KOH (910.5 mg, 16.23 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 120 °C for 10 hrs. The mixture was washed with EtOAc (50 mL) and the aqueous phase was neutralized with 2N HCI to pH=3~4. The mixture was extracted with EtOAc (2x200 mL). The combined organic layers was concentrated to give the title compound as a yellow solid (400 mg, yield 50%). LC-MS: 246.3 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D51

ferf-Butyl (4-((1 -(3-fluorotetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-5-methyl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-3-yl) oxy)butan-2-yl)carbamate (D51 )

To a solution of D50 (400 mg, 1 .63 mmol) in DMF (10 mL) were added K ₂ C0 ₃ (689 mg, 4.9 mmol) and 3-((ie f-butoxycarbonyl)amino)butyl methanesulfonate (654 mg, 2.45 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 80 °C for 2 hrs. The mixture was poured into water (100 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3x100 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated. The crude was purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc = 1 : 1 ) to give the title compound as yellow solid (400 mg, yield 65%). LC-MS: 439.2 [M+Na] ⁺ .

Description D52

4-((1 -(3-Fluorotetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-5-methyl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-3-yl)oxy) butan-2- amine, TFA salt (D52)

To a solution of D51 (400 mg) in CH2CI2 (20 mL) was added TFA (3 mL). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The mixture was concentrated to give the title compound as yellow oil (250 mg, yield 83%). LC-MS: 317.3 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D53

2,5-Dichloro-/V-(4-((1 -(3-fluorotetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-5-methyl-4-nitro-1 H- pyrazol-3- yl)oxy)butan-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-amine(D53)

To a solution of D52 (250 mg, 0.79 mmol) in / ^' -PrOH (10 mL) were added Et ₃ N (240 mg, 2.4 mmol) and 2,4,5-trichloropyrimidine (145 mg, 0.79 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 30 °C for 1 hour. The mixture was poured into water (50 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (100 mL). The organic layer was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated to give the title compound as a yellow solid (330 mg, yield 89%). LC-MS: 463.2 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D54

ferf-Butyl (4-((5-methyl-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3-yl)oxy)but an-2-yl)carbamate (D54)

A solution of D5 (600 mg, 2.64 mmol), 3-((ie f-butoxycarbonyl)amino)butyl methanesulfonate (847.5 mg, 3.17 mmol) and K ₂ C0 ₃ (729.7 mg, 5.28 mmol) in DMF (50 mL) was stirred at 100 °C for 2 hrs. The mixture was poured into ice water and extracted with EtOAc (3x100 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 3:1 ) to give the title compound as an off-white solid (820 mg, yield 78%). LC-MS: 421 .3 [M+Na] ⁺ .

Description D55

4-((5-Methyl-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3-yl)oxy)butan-2- Amine, TFA salt (D55)

A solution of D54 (820 mg, 2.1 mmol) in CH ₂ CI ₂ (20 mL) was added TFA (5 mL). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2hrs. The mixture was concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound as an off-white solid (800 mg, yield 98%). LC-MS: 299.4 [M+H] ⁺ . Description D56

5-Bromo-2-chloro-W-(4-((5-methyl-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3- yl)oxy)butan-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-amine (D56)

To a solution of D55 (300 mg, 0.76 mmol), Et ₃ N (153.8 mg, 1.52 mmol) in / ^' -PrOH (30 mL) was added 5-bromo-2,4-dichloropyrimidine (346.4 mg, 1.52 mmol). The mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature. The mixture was filtered and the filter cake was dried to give the title compound as an off-white solid (280 mg, yield 75%). LC-MS: 491.1 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D57

Ethyl 3-(benzylamino)-2-methylbutanoate (D57)

To a solution of ethyl 2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate (15.0 g, 104.04 mmol) in MeOH (200 mL) was added BnNh (16.7 g, 156.07 mmol) at 0 °C. The reaction was stirred at 0 °Cfor 1 hour. Then sodium cyanoborohydride (13.1 g, 208.08 mmol) was added. The reaction was stirred overnight at room temperature. The mixture was concentrated and the crude purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 3:1 ) to give the title compound as a white solid (16.5 g, yield 67%).

Description D58

3-(Benzylamino)-2-methylbutan-1 -ol (D58)

To a solution of D57 (16.5 g, 70.12 mmol) in THF (200 mL) was added LiAIH ₄ (5.3 g, 140.23 mmol) at 0 °C. The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 2 hrs and H2O (1 1 mL) was added dropwise at 0 °C. The mixture was dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ , filtered and concentrated to give the title compound as clear oil (10.5 g, yield 77%). Description D59

ferf-Butyl (4-hydroxy-3-methylbutan-2-yl)carbamate (D59)

Bo

To a solution of D58 (2.0 g, 10.35 mmol) in MeOH (30 mL) was added Pd(OH) ₂ . The resulting mixture was stirred at 60 °C for 16 hrs under hydrogen. The reaction was cooled to 0 °C, then Et ₃ N (3.0 mL, 20.70 mmol) and a solution of Boc ₂ 0 (2.2 g, 10.35 mmol) in MeOH (2 mL) was added dropwise. The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 2 hour. The mixture was filtered and the filtrate was concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 2:1 ) to give the title compound as a white solid (1 .5 g, yield 71 %).

Description D60

3-((ferf-Butoxycarbonyl)amino)-2-methylbutyl methanesulfonate (D60)

B

To a solution of D59 (1 .5 g, 7.38 mmol) in CH ₂ CI ₂ (20 mL) was added Et ₃ N (2.3 g, 22.14 mmol) and MsCI (1 .3 g, 1 1 .07 mmol) at 0 °C. The reaction was stirred at 0 °C for 0.5 hour. The mixture was poured into ice water (20 mL) and extracted with CH ₂ CI ₂ (2x20 mL). The organic layer was washed with aq. NaHC03 (2x30 mL), dried, filtered and concentrated to give the title compound as a white solid (2.3 g, crude).

Description D61

ferf-Butyl (3-methyl-4-((5-methyl-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3- yl)oxy)butan-2-yl)carbamate (D61 )

A mixture of D60 (1 .486 g, 5.28 mmol), D5 (400 mg, 1 .76 mmol) and K ₂ C0 ₃ (730 mg, 5.28 mmol) in DMF (20 mL) was stirred at 80 °C for 4 hrs. The mixture was poured into ice water ( 60 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2x30 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (3x20 mL), dried and concentrated. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 1 : 1 ) to give the title compound as yellow oil (240 mg, yield 33%).

Description D62

3-Methyl-4-((5-methyl-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3-yl)oxy) butan- 2 -amine, HCI salt (D62)

A mixture of D61 (240 mg, 0.58 mmol) in HCI/MeOH (3M in MeOH, 6 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The mixture was concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound as a yellow solid (182 mg, crude).

Description D63

2,5-Dichloro-W-(3-methyl-4-((5-methyl-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazol- 3-yl)oxy)butan-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-amine (D63)

To a solution of D62 (182 mg, 0.58 mmol) in / ^' -PrOH (15 mL) were added Et ₃ N (294 mg, 2.90 mmol) and 2,4,5-trichloropyrimidine (213 mg, 1 .16 mmol). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The reaction was poured into ice water (30 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2x30 mL). The organic layers were dried, filtered and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 1 : 1 ) to give the title compound as a yellow solid (220 mg, yield 82%).

Description D64

3-(Benzylamino)-4-methoxybutan-1 -ol (D64)

To a solution of methyl 3-(benzylamino)-4-methoxybutanoate (which could be prepared from WO2016014463A) (4.0 g, 16.9 mmol) in dry THF (60 mL) under argon at 0 °C was added LiAlhU (3.23 g, 85 mmol) portion wise. The reaction was stirred at 25 °C for 2 hrs. The reaction was quenched by addition of water (12 mL, diluted with 80 mL THF). The resultant was dried, filtered and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (CH2CI2: CH30H= 50:1 to 10:1 ) to give the title compound as yellow oil (2.0 g, yield 51 %). LC-MS: 210.1 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D65

3-Amino-4-methoxybutan-1 -ol, TFA salt (D65)

A mixture of D64 (2.0 g, 9.56 mmol), Pd(OH) ₂ (1 g) and TFA (2 mL) in CH ₃ OH (200 mL) was stirred under hydrogen at 50 °C for 16 hrs. The mixture was filtered and concentrated to give the compound as yellow oil (1.3 g, crude). LC-MS: 120.1 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D66

3-((2,5-Dichloropyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-4-methoxybutan-1 -ol (D66)

To a solution of D65 (977 mg, 8.19 mmol) in / ^' -PrOH (20 mL) at 0 °C were added DIPEA

(3.17 g, 24.6 mmol) and 2,4,5-trichloropyrimidine (1.66 g, 9.03 mmol) dropwise. The reaction was stirred at 25 °C for 15 hrs. The mixture was concentrated and the crude was purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 3:1 ) to give the title compound as a white solid (880 mg, yield 40%). LC-MS: 266.0 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D67 3-((2,5-Dichloropyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-4-methoxybutyl methanesulfonate (D67)

To a solution of D66 (0.88 g, 3.31 mmol) in CH ₂ CI ₂ (20 mL) at 0 °C were added Et ₃ N (1000 mg, 9.93 mmol) and MsCI (455 mg, 3.97 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 25 °C for 1 hour. The mixture was poured into water and extracted with Ch C .The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated to give the title compound as yellow oil (0.74 g, yield 65%). LC-MS: 344.0 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D68

2,5-Dichloro-/V-(1 -methoxy-4-((5-methyl-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H- pyrazol-3-yl)oxy)butan-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-amine (D68)

A mixture of D67 (742 mg, 2.15 mmol), K ₂ C0 ₃ (894 mg, 6.48 mmol) and D5 (440 mg, 1.95 mmol) in DMSO (20 mL) was stirred at 75 °C for 30 min. The mixture was poured into waterand extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated. The crude was purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 4:1 to 1 :1 ) to give the title compound as an off- white solid (247 mg, yield 24%). LC-MS: 475.1 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D69

3-Methyl-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-1 H-pyrazole(D69)

To a solution of 3-methyl-4-nitro-1 /-/-pyrazole (50 g, 393 mmol) in EtOAc (500 mL) was added DHP (49.6 g, 590 mmol) and pTsOH.H ₂ 0 (3.66 g, 20 mmol) at room temperature. The reaction was stirred overnight at room temperature. ΕίβΝ (6 mL) was added and the organic was washed with brine (2x300 mL). The organic layer was dried over Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated in vacuo to give the title compound as colorless oil, which was used in next step without further purification (65 g, 78%). LC-MS: 233.9 [M+Na] ⁺ .

Description D70

5-Chloro-3-methyl-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-1 H-pyrazole (D70)

To a solution of D69 (65 g, 308 mmol) in dry THF (500 mL) was added LiHMDS (370 mL, 1 M in THF) at -70 °C under nitrogen. The reaction was stirred at -70 °C for 45 min and then a solution of C2Cl6 (218 g, 924 mmol) in THF (400 mL) was added dropwise. The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. NH ₄ CI solution (sat.) was added and the mixture was extracted with EtOAc (3x400 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (500 mL), dried over Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated in vacuo. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 8:1 to 6:1 ) to give the title compound as a yellow solid (69 g, yield 91 %). LC-MS: 267.8 [M+Na] ⁺ .

Description D71

ieri-Butyl (4-((3-methyl-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-5-yl)oxy) butan- 2-yl)carbamate (D71 )

To a solution of ie f-butyl (4-hydroxybutan-2-yl)carbamate (1 g, 5.3 mmol) in DMF (20 mL) was added NaH (0.53, 13.25 mmol) at 0 °C. After stirred for 1 hour, D70 (1 .04g, 4.2 mmol) was added. The reaction was stirred at 0 °C for 6 hours and then diluted with EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with brine, dried over Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated . The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 20:1 to 10:1 ) to give the title compound (1 .2 g, yield 70%).

Description D72

(4-((3-Methyl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-5-yl)oxy)butan-2 -amine, HCI salt (D72)

To a solution of D71 (1.19 g) in CH ₃ OH (20 mL) was added con. HCI (1 .2 mL) at room temperature. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hrs. The organic solvent was removed in vacuum to give the crude which was used in next step without further purification (920 mg, crude).

Description D73

2,5-Dichloro-W-(4-((3-methyl-4-nitro-1 H^yrazol-5-yl)oxy)butan-2-yl)pyrimidin-4- amine(D73)

To a solution of D72 (1.92 g, crude) in / ^' -PrOH (50 mL) was added 2,4,5-trichloropyrimidine (1 .97 g, 10.7 mmol) and ΕίβΝ (2.7 mL, 27 mmol) at room temperature. The reaction was stirred overnight at room temperature. The organic solvent was removed in vacuo. The crude was was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 1 :1 ) to give the title compound (1.1 g).

Description D74

Ethyl 2-(3-(3-((2,5-dichloropyrimidin-4-yl)amino)butoxy)-5-methyl- 4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-1 - yl)-2-methylpropanoate (D74)

To a solution of ethyl 2-bromo-2-methylpropanoate (975 mg, 5 mmol) in DMF (60 mL) were added D73 (361 mg, 1 mmol) and K2CO3 (690 mg, 5 mmol). Then reaction was heated to 80 °C and stirred overnight. The mixture was diluted with ice water and extracted with

EtOAc(2x100 mL). The organic layer was washed with brine, dried and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE:EA = 2:1 ) to give the title compound as clear oil (980 mg, yield 68%). LC-MS: 475.2 [M+H] ⁺ . Description D75

3-(3-(3-((2,5-Dichloropyrimidin-4-yl)amino)propoxy)-5-methyl -4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-1 - yl)cyclobutanone (D75)

To a solution of D33 (1 .5 g, 4.32 mmol) in anhydrous DMF (20 mL) was added NaH (207 mg, 5.17 mmol) at 0 °C under argon. The reaction was stirred at room temprature for 0.5 hour. 3-bromocyclobutanone (1 .3 g, 8.73 mmol) was added and the reaction was stirred at room temperature for 2.5 hrs. Water was added and the resultant was extracted with EtOAc (3x20 mL). The combined organics were washed with water (4x30 mL) and brine (20 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ , filtered and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (CH2CI2: MeOH= 100: 1 ) to give the title compound as a white solid (690 mg, yield 38%). LC-MS: 415.3 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D76

2,5-Dichloro-yV-(3-((5-methyl-1 -(3-morpholinocyclobutyl)-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-3- yl)oxy)propyl)pyrimidin-4-amine (D76)

To a mixture of D75 (100 mg, 0.241 mmol), morpholine (60 mg, 0.689 mmol), AcOH (20 mg, 0.33 mmol) and 4A molecular sieves (100 mg) in anhydrous CH2CI2 (4 mL) was added NaBI- CN (32 mg, 0.509 mmol) at 0 °C under argon. The reaction was stirred overnight under argon at room temperature. The mixture was filtered and the filtrate was treated with aqueous NaHCC>3. After aqueous workup and concentration, the residue was purified by prep-TLC to give the title compound as a white solid (100 mg, yield 85%). LC-MS: 486.2 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D77

ferf-Butyl ((2 ?)-4-((3-methyl-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-5-yl) oxy) butan-2-yl)carbamate (D77)

To a solution of NaH (96.8 g, 2.42 mol in DMF (500 mL) was added (R)-ie/f-butyl (4- hydroxybutan-2-yl)carbamate (249.8 g, 1.32 mol)) at 0 °C. The mixture was stirred at 0°C for 1 hour and D70 (260 g, 1 .1 mol) was addedand stirred at room temperature for 4hr. The reaction mixture was poured into ice water and extracted with EtOAc (3x1 L). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated. The residue was slurry in PE: EtOAc = 3: 1 to give the title compound as a yellow solid (350 g, crude).

Description D78

( ?)-4-((3-methyl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-5-yl)oxy)butan-2 -amine, HCI salt (D78)

A solution of D77 (350 g crude, 0.88 mol) in 4N HCI (1 L) was stirred at room temperature for 4 hrs. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The residue was slurry in EtOAc to give the target product as a yellow solid (250 g, yield 80%, two steps). LC-MS: 215.4 [M+H]

+

Description D79

( ?)-2,5-Dichloro-W-(4-((3-methyl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-5-yl)oxy)butan-2-yl)pyrimidin-4- amine (D79)

To a solution of D78 (250 g, 0.88 mol) and Et ₃ N (178.1 g, 1 .76 mol) in MeOH (1 L) was added 2,4,5-trichloro pyrimidine (194.4 g, 1.06 mol). The mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature. The mixture was concentrated in vacuo, poured into the sat.NaCI (aq) and extracted with EtOAc (3x1 L). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was slurry in Ch C /hexane = 1 :1 (1 L) and filtered to give the title compound as a yellow solid (180 g, yield 55%). Description D80

2,5-Dichloro-W-(( ?)-4-((5-methyl-4-nitro-1 -((S)-tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)-1 H^

yl)oxy)butan-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-amine (D80)

A solution of D79 (200 mg, 0.56 mmol), (R)-tetrahydrofuran-3-yl methanesulfonate (458 mg, 2.78 mmol) and Cs ₂ C0 ₃ (543 mg, 1.7 mmol) in DMA (15 mL) was heated to 80 °C and stirred for 16 hrs. The cooled mixture was poured into water (60 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3x100 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with water, brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated in vacuo. The crude was purified by column

chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 5:1 to 2:1 ) to give the title compound as a yellow oil (150 mg, yield 62.2%). LC-MS: 431 .2 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D81

2,5-Dichloro-W-((/?)-4-((5-methyl-4-nit^

yl)oxy)butan-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-amine (D81 )

A solution of D79 (200 mg, 0.56 mmol), (S)-tetrahydrofuran-3-yl methanesulfonate (276 mg, 1 .67 mmol) and Cs ₂ C0 ₃ (543 mg, 1 .7 mmol) in DMA (10 mL) was heated to 80 °C and stirred for 16 hrs. The cooled mixture was poured into water (60 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3x50 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with water, brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated in vacuo. The crude was purified by column

chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 5:1 to 2:1 ) to give the title compound as yellow oil (130 mg, yield 54%). LC-MS: 431.2 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D82

1 ,4-Dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-yl methanesulfonate (D82) To a solution of 1 ,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-ol (12 g, 76 mmol), TEA (1 1.5 g, 1 14 mmol) in DCM (1 10 mL) at 0-5 °C was added MsCI (1 1 .3 g, 98.7 mmol) dropwise. Then the solution was stirred for 1 hour at room temperature. Water (50 mL) was added, the combined organic layer was washed with satur. NaHCC>3, brine, dried over Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated to give the title compound as a little yellow solid (18.5 g, yield 100%).

Description D83

2,5-Dichloro-yV-(3-((5-methyl-4-nitro-1 -(1 ,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3- yl)oxy)propyl)pyrimidin-4-amine (D83)

A mixture of D33 (1 .5 g, 4.32 mmol), D82 (2.05 g, 8.68 mmol) and K ₂ C0 ₃ (1 .79 g, 12.95 mmol) in DMSO (20 mL) was stirred at 100 °C for 16 hrs. Water (30 mL) was added and the resultant was extracted with EtOAc (3x20 mL). The combined organics were washed with brine (50 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ , filtered and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 10:1 to 3: 1 ) to give the title compound as a white solid (1 .4 g, yield 67 %). LC-MS: 487.1 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D84

14-Chloro-5-{1 ,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-yl}-4-methyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17- hexaaza tricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³ ' ⁷ ]heptadeca-1(16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (D84)

A mixture of D83 (1 .4 g, 2.87 mmol), Fe (805 mg, 14.4 mmol) and NH ₄ CI (1.53 g, 28.6 mmol) in EtOH (50 mL) and H2O (10 mL) was stirred at 100 °C for 16 hrs. The reaction mixture was filtered and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was re-dissolved in CH2CI2 (100 mL) and then dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ , filtered and concentrated to give the title compound as a white solid (500 mg, yield 42%). LC-MS: 421.3 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D85 4-{14-Chloro-4-methyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca- 1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaen-5-yl}cyclohexan-1 -one (D85)

To a solution of D84 (750 mg, 1.78 mmol) in CH ₂ CI ₂ (20 mL) was added TFA (678 mg, 5.95 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 80 °C for 5 hrs. The mixture was concentrated and the residue was re-dissolved in CH2CI2 (100 mL). Aq. NaHCC>3 was added until pH= 8 and the mixture was extracted with CH2CI2 (3x50 mL). The combined organics were washed with brine (100 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated to give the title compound as a white solid (600 mg, yield 90%). LC-MS: 377.3 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D86

Ethyl 4-fluoro-3-oxobutanoate (D86)

To a solution of EtOAc (2.74 g, 31.1 mmol) in dry THF (30 mL) under argon at -78 °C was added LDA (17 mL, 34 mmol) dropwise. The reaction was stirred at -78 °C for 1 hour. Ethyl 2-fluoroacetate (3.0 g, 28.3 mmol) was added dropwise at -78 °C and the mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature and stirred overnight under argon. The mixture was quenched with aq. HCI (1 M) and extracted with Et.20. The organic layer was washed with brine (50 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ , filtered and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc = 10:1 -5:1 ) to give the title compound as yellow oil (4.2 g, quant.). ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 4.91 (d, J = 47.6 Hz, 2H), 4.23 (q, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.60 (d, J = 3.6 Hz, 2H), 1 .29 (t, J = 7.2 Hz, 3H).

Description D87

Ethyl 4-fluoro-3-((4-methoxybenzyl)amino)butanoate(D87)

To a solution of D86 (1 .0 g, 6.76 mmol) and HOAc (609 mg, 10.14 mmol) in EtOH (10 mL) at 0 °C was added (4-methoxyphenyl)methanamine (1 .39 g, 10.1 mmol) dropwise. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2.5 hrs. After cooled to 0 °C, the mixture was added HOAc (1 .42 g, 23.65 mmol) and NaBH ₃ CN (1 .34 g, 20.3 mmol). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for another 3 hrs. The reaction was quenched with Na2C03 and extracted with EtOAc (2x20 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over Na2S0 ₄ , filtered and concentrated. The crude was purified by chromatography on silica gel (CH2CI2: CH3OH = 200:1 to 80:1 ) to give the title compound as yellow oil (1.4 g, yield 77%). ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): δ 7.24 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 6.86 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 2H), 4.53-4.48 (m, 1 H), 4.42-4.35 (m, 1 H), 4.14 (q, J = 7.1 Hz, 2H), 3.79 (s, 3H), 3.78 (s, 2H), 3.33-3.24 (m, 1 H), 2.54-2.52 (m, 2H), 1.26 (t, J = 7.0 Hz, 3H).

Description D88

4-Fluoro-3-((4-methoxybenzyl)amino)butan-1 -ol (D88)

To a suspension of LiAIH ₄ (1 18 mg, 3.1 1 mmol) in dry THF (5 mL) under argon at -60 °C was added a solution of D87 (0.70 g, 2.60 mmol) in dry THF (5 mL) dropwise. The reaction was stirred at -60 °Cfor 3 hrs. The mixture was quenched with water/THF (0.5 mL/5 mL) slowly at -60 °C. After stirring for 30 mins, the mixture was filtered through Celite. The filtrate was concentrated to give the title compound as yellow oil (410 mg, yield 69%). ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): δ 7.24 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 6.87 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 2H), 4.63-4.49 (m, 1 H), 4.46-4.32 (m, 1 H), 3.88-3.73 (m, 7H), 3.13-3.01 (m, 1 H), 1 .76-1 .69 (m, 2H).

Description D89

3-Amino-4-fluorobutan-1 -ol (D89)

To a solution of D88 (2.0 g, 8.80 mmol) and HOAc (1 mL) in MeOH (50 mL) was added Pd(OH)2/C (300 mg). The reaction was stirred under hydrogen at 35 °C for 48 hrs. The mixture was filtered through Celite and the filtrate was concentrated to give the title compound as yellow oil (1 .0 g, crude).

Description D90 3-((2,5-Dichloropyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-4-fluorobutan-1 -ol (D90)

To a solution of D89 (650 mg, ca. 6.07 mmol) in / ^' -PrOH (10 mL) was added Et ₃ N (1 .84 g, 18.2 mmol) and 2,4,5-trichloropyrimidine (1.23 g, 6.68 mmol) at 0 °C. 0 °C. The reaction was quenched with aq. NH4CI (18 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2x18 mL). The organic layer was washed with brine (20 mL), dried over Na2SC>4, filtered and concentrated. The crude was purified by chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc=10: 1 -3: 1 ) to give the title compound as a white solid (650 mg, yield 42%). LC-MS: 254.0 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D91

2,5-Dichloro-/V-(1 -fluoro-4-((5-methyl-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3- yl)oxy)butan-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-amine (D91 )

To a solution of D90 (300 mg, 1 .18 mmol), D5 (282 mg, 1.24 mmol) and PPh ₃ (619 mg, 2.36 mmol) in dry THF (12 mL) under argon at 0 °C was added DEAD (41 1 mg, 2.36 mmol) dropwise. The reaction was stirred overnight under argon at 26 °C. The reaction was diluted with aq. HCI (0.5 M, 30 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2x20 mL). The combined organics were washed with brine (30 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ , filtered and concentrated. The residue was suspended in methanol (12 mL), stirred at room temperature for 30 min, filtered and the filter cake was collected, dried to give the title compound as a white solid (480 mg, yield 87.8%). ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 8.03 (s, 1 H), 5.85 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.76-4.69 (m, 2H), 4.60 (dd, J = 15.6, 3.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.46 (t, J = 5.6 Hz, 2H), 4.21 -4.17 (m, 1 H), 4.13-4.09 (m, 2H), 3.50 (t, J = 12.0 Hz, 2H), 2.63 (s, 3H), 2.32-2.18 (m, 4H), 1.75-1 .70 (m, 2H).

Description D92

2,5-Dichloro-W-(4-((5-methyl-4-nitro-1 -(1 ,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3- yl)oxy)butan-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-amine (D92)

A solution of D73 (4.5 g, 12.5 mmol), D82 (14.7 g, 62.5 mmol) , Nal (1.8 g, 12.0 mmol) and K2CO3 (5.2 g, 37.5 mmol) in DMA (50ml_) was heated to 80 °C and stirred for 16 hrs. The mixture was poured into water (200 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3x150 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated in vacuo. The crude was purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc = 5:1 to 2:1 ) to give the title compound as a little yellow oil (2.5g, yield 40%). LC-MS: 501.1 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D93

14-Chloro-5-{1 ,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-yl}-4 1 -dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17- hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (D93)

A solution of D92 (2.6 g, 5.2 mmol), Fe (2.6 g, 46.4 mmol) and NH ₄ CI (5.2 g, 97.2 mmol) in EtOH and H ₂ 0 (50 mL, 3: 1 ) was heated to 90 °C for 16 hrs. Sat. NaHCOs (5 mL) was added and the mixture was stirred for 10 min, filtered, washed with DCM and concentrated. DCM (25 mL) was added and the mixture was stirred for 30 min, filtered and concentrated to give the title compound as a yellow solid (2.0 g, yield 89%). LC-MS: 435.3 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D94

4 -{14-Chloro-4,11 -dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1. 0 ^{3 7} ] heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaen-5-yl}cyclohexan-1 -one (D94)

To a solution of D93 (2.5 g, 5.76 mmol) in DCM (50 mL) was added TFA (10 mL) and the reaction was stirred for 5 hrs at 60 °C. The mixture was then cooled to room temperature and water (100 mL) was added. Sat. NaHCOs was added until pH>7 and the organic layer was washed with brine, dried over Na ₂ S0 ₄ , filtered and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EA =5: 1 -1 : 1 ) to give the title compound (1 .3 g, yield 58%). LC-MS: 391.2 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D95

Trans-tert-buty\ 4-(3-(3-((2,5-dichloropyrimidin-4-yl)amino)propoxy)-5-methyl -4-nitro- 1 H-pyrazol-1 -yl)-3-fluoropiperidine-1 -carboxylate(D95)

To a solution of c/s-ie f-butyl 3-fluoro-4-((methylsulfonyl)oxy)piperidine-1 -carboxylate (858 mg, 2.88 mmol) in DMSO (6.0 mL) was added D33 (500 mg, 1 .44 mmol) and K ₂ C0 ₃ (598 mg, 4.33 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 85 °C for 5 days. The mixture was diluted with water and extracted with EtOAc for three times. The combined organics were washed with brine, dried, filtered and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc=1 :1 , followed by CH ₂ CI ₂ : MeOH = 20:1 ) to give the title compound as a yellow solid (385 mg, yield 48%). LC-MS: 548.3 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D96

Trans-ieri-butyl 4-{14-chloro-4-methyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo [11.3.1. 0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaen-5-yl}-3-fluoropiperidine-1 -carboxylate (D96)

To a mixture of D95 (385 mg, 0.702 mmol) and Fe (391 mg, 7.00 mmol) in EtOH/H ₂ 0 (10.0 mL/2.0 mL) was added NH ₄ CI (374 mg, 7.00 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 100 °C overnight. The mixture was diluted with aq. NaHCOs and filtered. The filtrate was extracted with EtOAc for 3 times. The combined organics were dried, filtered and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (CH ₂ CI ₂ : MeOH = 10:1 ) to give the title compound as yellow oil (125 mg, yield 36%). LC-MS: 482.4 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D97

rrans-14-chloro-5-(3-fluoropiperidin-4-yl)-4-methyl-8-oxa -2,5,6,12,16,17- hexaazatricyclo [11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene, TFA salt (D97)

To a solution of D96 (730 mg, ca. 1.51 mmol) in CH ₂ CI ₂ (20 mL) was added TFA (10 mL). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 0.5 hour. The mixture was concentrated to give the title compound as brown oil (1 .197 g, crude). LC-MS: 382.3 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D98

(/?)-ferf-Butyl 4-(3-(3-((2,5-dichloropyrimidin-4-yl)amino)butoxy)-5-methyl- 4-nitro-1 H- pyrazol-1 -yl)piperidine-1 -carboxylate(D98)

A solution of D79 (1 .0 g, 2.78 mmol), ie f-butyl 4-bromopiperidine-1 -carboxylate (2.2 g, 62.5mmol) and Cs ₂ C0 ₃ (2.7 g, 8.33 mmol) in DMA (50 mL) was heated to 80 °C and stirred for 8 hrs. The reaction mixture was poured into water (250 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3x100 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na ₂ S0 ₄ and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified by flash column chromatography (PE: EtOAc=5:1 to 3:1 ) to give product as a white solid. (700 mg yield 46%). LC-MS: 544.3 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D99

ferf-Butyl 4-[(11 ?)-14-chloro-4,11 -dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo [11. 3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaen-5-yl]piperidine-1 -carboxylate (D99)

A solution of D98 (700 mg, 1.29 mmol), Fe (700 mg, 12.5 mmol) and NH ₄ CI (1 .4 g, 26.1 mmol) in EtOH and H ₂ 0 (30 mL, 3: 1 ) was heated to 90 °C for 16 hrs. Water (5 mL) and NaHCC>3 (200 mg) was added and the mixture was stirred for 10 min, filtered, washed with DCM and concentrated. The residue was re-dissovled in DCM (50 mL) and the mixture was stirred for 10 min, filtered and concentrated to give the title compound as a yellow solid (600 mg, yield 97%). LC-MS: 478.3 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D100

(11 /?)-14-Chloro-4 1 -dimethyl-5-(pipe^^

[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene, HCI salt (D100)

A solution of D99 (600 mg, 1.1 mmol) in EtOH/HCI (25 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 16 hrs. The mixture was concentrated to give the title compound as a yellow solid (500 mg, yield 94%). LC-MS: 378.3. [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D102

Methyl 3-(dibenzylamino)-2-fluorobutanoate (D102)

To a solution of methyl 3-(dibenzylamino)-2-hydroxybutanoate (16.7 g, 53.29 mmol) in THF (220 mL) at room temperature was added dropwise the solution of DAST (12.0 g, 74.60 mmol) in THF (20 mL). The reaction was stirred overnight at room temperature. The mixture was poured into sat.NaHCOs (200 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3x80 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with water (80 mL), brine (50 mL), dried over Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc = 80: 1 ) to give the title compound as a yellow solid (9.9 g, yield 59%). ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): δ 7.26-7.05 (m, 10H), 4.77 (dd, J = 49.1 , 3.7 Hz, 1 H), 3.83 (d, J = 13.4 Hz, 2H), 3.56 (s, 3H), 3.31 -3.23 (m, 2H), 3.18 (ddd, J = 14.0, 7.0, 3.9 Hz, 1 H), 1.20 (d, J = 7.0 Hz, 3H).

Description D103

3-(Dibenzylamino)-2-fluorobutan-1 -ol (D103)

To a suspension of LiBH ₄ (2.1 g, 94.2 mmol) in THF (1 10 mL) at -10 °C was added dropwise the solution of D102 (9.9 g, 31 .4 mmol) in THF (20 mL). The reaction was warmed to room temperature and stirred overnight. The mixture was poured into sat.NH4CI (200 mL) and extracted with EA (3x100 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with water (100 mL), brine (50 mL), dried over Na2S0 ₄ , and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography (PE: EtOAc= 10:1 ) to give the title compound as a colorless oil (8.0 g, yield 89%). ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.41 -7.07 (m, 10H), 4.41 -4.20 (m, 1 H), 3.91 (d, J = 13.3 Hz, 2H), 3.82-3.51 (m, 3H), 3.29 (d, J = 13.3 Hz, 2H), 2.93 (dqd, J = 30.3, 7.0, 3.8 Hz, 1 H), 1 .17 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 3H).

Description D104

3-Amino-2-fluorobutan-1 -ol (D104)

To a solution of D103 (1 .5 g, 5.22 mmol) in MeOH (180 mL) was added Pd/C (10%, 0.3 g). The mixture was stirred at 45 °C under 1 atm of hydrogen overnight. The mixture filtered and the filtrate was concentrated to give the title compound as colorless oil (0.425 g, yield 76%). ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 4.44-4.19 (m, 1 H), 4.02-3.65 (m, 2H), 3.35-3.12 (m, 1 H), 2.21 (m, 3H), 1.28-1.14 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 3H).

Description D105

3-((2,5-Dichloropyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-2-fluorobutan-1 -ol(D105)

To a solution of D104 (425 mg, 3.96 mmol) in / ^' -PrOH (10 mL) was added 2,4,5- trichloropyrimidine (728 mg, 3.96 mmol). The mixture was cooled to 0 °C and DIPEA (2.3 mL, 14.28 mmol) was added. The reaction was stirred at 0 °C for 5 min, then warmed to room temperature and stirred overnight. The mixture was diluted with DCM (30 mL) and washed with water (30 mL). The aqueous layer was further extracted with DCM (2x30 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine (30 mL), dried over Na2S0 ₄ , concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 4:1 ) to give the title compound as a white solid (800 mg, yield 80%). ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): δ 8.02 (s, 1 H), 5.41 (m, 1 H), 4.66-4.26 (m, 2H), 3.76-3.62 (m, 1 H), 3.47 (m, 1 H), 3.06-3.02 (m, 1 H), 1.36 (d, J = 6.8 Hz, 3H).

Description D106

2,5-Dichloro-N-(3-fluoro-4-((5-methy^

yl)oxy)butan-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-amine(D106)

To a solution of D105 (290 mg, 1.14 mmol) in THF (20 mL) were added D5 (259 mg, 1.14 mmol) and Ph ₃ P (598 mg, 2.28 mol). After cooled to 0 °C, DEAD (397 mg, 2.28 mmol) was added dropwise at 0 °C. The reaction was stirred at 0 °C for 1 hour, then warmed to room temperature and stirred for 2 hrs. The mixture was diluted with EA (30 mL) and washed with water (30 mL). The aqueous layer was further extracted with EA (2x20 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with water (30 mL), brine (30 mL), dried over Na2S0 ₄ , and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (DCM:

MeOH= 4: 1 ) and then pre-TLC (PE: EtOAc= 1 : 2) to give the title compound as a white solid (170 mg, yield 32%). LC-MS: 463.1 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D107

5-Bromo-2-chloro-W-(3-((5-methyl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-3-yl)oxy)propyl)pyrimidin-4- amine (D107)

To a solution of D32 (500 mg, 2.1 1 mmol) in / ^' -PrOH (15 ml) was added DIPEA (1.4 mL, 8.451 mmol). After stirred under argon at 0 °C for 10 min and 5-bromo-2,4- dichloropyrimidine (0.27 mL, 2.324 mmol) was added via syringe. The reaction was warmed gradually to room temperature and stirred under argon for overnight. The mixture was concentrated and the residue was suspended in i-PrOH (1 ml) and water (5 mL) and stirred at room temperature for 0.5 hour, filtered, dried and concentrated to give the title compound as an off-white solid (780 g, yield 94%). LC-MS: 393.1 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO- d ₆ ): δ 12.93 (br, 1 H), 8.22 (s, 1 H), 7.80 (t, J= 5.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.28 (t, J= 6.0 Hz, 2H), 3.53 (q, J= 6.5 Hz, 2H), 2.47 (s, 3H), 2.07-2.01 (m, 2H).

Description D108

5-Bromo-2-chloro-yV-(3-((5-methyl-4-nitro-1 -(oxetan-3-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3-yl)oxy) propyl)pyrimidin-4-amine (D108)

To a solution of 3-bromooxetane (1 .245 g, 9.09 mmol) in DMSO (15.0 mL) was added D107 (890 mg, 2.27 mmol) and K2CO3 (942 mg, 6.82 mmol). The reaction was stirred overnight at 100 °C. The cooled mixture was diluted with water (150mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3X80 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated and the crude was purified by column

chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 4:1 ) to give the title compound as a yellow solid (537 mg, yield 52%). LC-MS: 449.1 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D109

( ?)-2,5-dichloro-yV-(4-((5-methyl-4-nitro-1 -(oxetan-3-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3-yl)oxy)butan-2- yl)pyrimidin-4-amine (D109)

A solution of D79 (10.0 g, 27.66 mmol), 3-bromooxetane (13.7 g, 99.67 mmol) and K2CO3 (1 1.5 g, 82.98 mmol) in DMSO (100 mL) was heated to 80 °C and stirred for 16 hrs. The mixture was poured into ice water (300 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (5x200 mL). The organic layers were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated. The crude was purified by chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 1 :3) to give the title compound (6.5 g, crude). LC-MS: 417.2 [M+H] ⁺ . Description D110

ferf-Butyl 3-(3-(( ?)-3-((2,5-dichloropyrimidin-4-yl)amino)butoxy)-5-methyl-4-n itro-1 ^ pyrazol-1 -yl)piperidine-1 -carboxylate (D110)

A solution of D79 (1 .0 g, 2.78 mmol), ie f-butyl 3-((methylsulfonyl)oxy)piperidine-1 - carboxylate (2.3 g, 8.33 mmol) and Cs ₂ C0 ₃ (2.7 g, 8.33 mmol) in DMA (25 mL) was heated to 80 °C and stirred for 48 hrs. The mixture was poured into water (150 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3x150 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated. The crude was purified by flash column

chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 5:1 to 3:1 ) to give the title compound as a white solid (1 .6 g, yield 100%). LC-MS: 544.2 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D111

ferf-Butyl 3-[(11 ?)-14-chloro-4,11 -dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo-[11. 3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaen-5-yl]piperidine-1 -carboxylate (D111 )

A solution of D110 (1 .6 g, 2.95 mmol), Fe (1.6 mg, 28.5 mmol) and NH ₄ CI (3.2 g, 59.8 mmol) in EtOH and H ₂ 0 (50 mL, 3:1 ) was heated to 90 °C for 16 hrs. water (5 mL)and sat.NaHCOs (500 mg) was added and the mixture was stirred for 10 min, filtered, washed with DCM and concentrated. The residue was re-dissolved in DCM (50 mL) and the mixture was stirred for 30 min, filtered and concentrated to give the title compound as a little yellow solid (1.3 g, yield 92%). LC-MS: 478.3 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D112

(11 ?)-14-chloro-4,11 -dimethyl -5-(piperidin-3-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaaza tricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1(16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene, HCI salt (D112)

A solution of D111 (1 .3 g, 3.45 mmol) in EtOH/HCI (100 mL) was stirred for 5 hrs at room temperature. The mixture was concentrated to give the title compound as a yellow solid (800 mg, yield 80%). LC-MS: 378.3 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D113

2-Chloro-4-((3-((5-methyl-4-nitro^

propyl)amino)pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile(D113)

To a solution of D7 (100 mg, 0.35 mmol) in / ^' -PrOH (10 mL) were added Et ₃ N (106.77 mg) and 2,4-dichloropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile (61.2 mg, 0.35 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 30 °C for 1 hour. The mixture was poured into water (50 mL) and extracted with CH2CI2 (3x50 mL). The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated to give the title compound as colorless oil (100 mg, yield 66%). LC-MS: 422.2 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D114

ferf-Butyl (3-((1 -(3-fluorotetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-5-methyl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-3-yl) oxy)-2-methoxypropyl)carbamate (D114)

To a solution of D50 (350 mg, 1 .43 mmol) in DMF (10 mL) were added K ₂ C0 ₃ (591 mg, 4.28 mmol) and D13 (606 mg, 2.14 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 80 °C for 5 hrs. The mixture was poured into water (50 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3x50 mL). The organic layers were concentrated and the crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 1 : 1 ) to give the title compound as a yellow solid (300 mg, yield 50%). LC-MS: 465.3 [M+Na] ⁺ . Description D115

3-((1 -(3-Fluorotetrahydro-2H^yran-4-yl)-5-methyl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-3-yl)oxy)-2- methoxypropan-1 -amine, TFA salt (D115)

To a solution of D114 (300 mg) in CH2CI2 (15 mL) were added TFA (5 mL). The reaction was stirred at 25 °C for 0.5 hour. The mixture was concentrated to give the title compound as yellow oil (200 mg, yield 87%). LC-MS: 333.3 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D116

2,5-Dichloro-/V-(3-((1 -(3-fluorotetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-5-methyl-4-nitro-1 H- pyrazol-3- yl)oxy)-2-methoxypropyl)pyrimidin-4-amine (D116)

To a solution of D115 (200 mg, 0.6 mmol) in / ^' -PrOH (10 mL) were added Et ₃ N (182.69 mg) and 2,4,5- trichloropyrimidine (1 1 1 mg, 0.6 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 30 °C for 1 hour. The reaction was concentrated and the the crude was purified by pre-TLC to give the title compound as a yellow solid (250 mg, yield 86%) LC-MS: 479.2 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D117

2,5-Dichloro-/V-(4-((5-methyl-1 -(2-methyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-3- yl)oxy)butan-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-amine (D117)

To a solution of 2-methyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl methanesulfonate (582 mg, 3 mmol) in DMSO (20 mL) were added K2CO3 (414 mg, 3 mmol) and D73 (361 mg, 1 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 80 °C overnight. The mixture was poured into water (100 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2x80 mL). The organic layer was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated in vacuo. The product was purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 4: 1 ) to give the title compound as a yellow solid (160 mg, yield 34%). LC-MS: 459.2 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D118

3-(3-(3-((2,5-Dichloropyrimidin-4-yl)amino)propoxy)-5-methyl -4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-1 - yl)dihydro-2H-pyran-4(3H)-one (D118)

To a solution of D33 (1 .0 g, 2.88 mmol) in DMF (10 mL) were added K ₂ C0 ₃ (636 mg, 4.60 mmol) and 3-bromodihydro-2/-/-pyran-4(3/-/)-one (825 mg, 4.61 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 25 °C for 16 hrs. The mixture was poured into aq. NH ₄ CI (40 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2x40 mL). The combined organics were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated in vacuo. The crude was purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 10:1 to 3:1 ) to give the title compound as a yellow solid (1.0 g, yield 78%). LC-MS: 445.2 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D119

3-(3-(3-((2,5-Dichloropyrimidin-4-yl)amino)propoxy)-5-methyl -4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-1 - yl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-ol (D119)

To a solution of D118 (1 .0 g, 2.25 mmol) in MeOH (15 mL) at 0 °C was added NaBH ₄ (170 mg, 4.49 mmol) slowly at 0 °C. The reaction was stirred at 25 °C for 2 hrs. The mixture was poured into aq. HCI (0.5M, 20 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3x15 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 10:1 to 2:1 ) to give the title compound as yellow oil (700 mg, yield 69.9%). LC-MS: 447.1 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D120 2,5-Dichloro-W-(3-((1 -(4-fluorotetrahydro-2H^yran-3-yl)-5-methyl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-3- yl)oxy)propyl)pyrimidin-4-amine (D120)

To a solution of D119 (700 mg, 1 .565 mmol) in CH ₂ CI ₂ (14 mL) at 0 °C was added DAST (1 .0 g, 6.26 mmol) slowly. The reaction was stirred at 25 °C overnight. The mixture was poured into aq. Na2CC>3 (15 mL) and extracted with CH2CI2 (2x20 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 10:1 to 4:1 ) to give the target product as yellow oil (230 mg, yield 32.7%). LC-MS: 449.1 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D121

Ethyl 4,4-difluoro-3-oxobutanoate (D121 )

To a slurry of sodium hydride (60%, 1440 mg, 36.0 mmol) in THF (30 mL) was added ethyl acetate (2.94 mL, 30.0 mmol) followed by the addition of ethyl 2,2-difluoroacetate (3.60 mL, 36.0 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 40 °C overnight. The mixture was then cooled to 0 °C, and quenched with HCI (2 N) solution until pH=6~7. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 20 min, diluted with EtOAc (40 mL), washed with aq.NaHCOs (2x40 mL) and brine (2x40 mL). The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated to give the crude as yellow oil, which was used in next step without further purification.

Description D122

Ethyl 3-(benzylimino)-4,4-difluorobutanoate (D122)

To a solution of phenylmethanamine (3.45 mL, 31.6 mmol) in EtOH (40 mL) were added

D121 (3.500 g, 21 .07 mmol) and acetic acid (1.809 mL, 31.6 mmol). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The mixture was then diluted with EtOAc (100 mL), washed with aq. NaHCC>3 (2x80 mL) and brine (2x80 mL). The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 1 :0 to 5:1 ) to give the title compound as yellow oil (2860 mg, yield 53.2 %). ¹ H NMR (600 MHz, CDC ): δ 7.32-7.18 (m, 5H), 5.94 (t, J= 53.4 Hz, 1 H), 4.45 (d, J= 6.6 Hz, 2H), 4.13 (d, J= 5.4 Hz, 2H), 4.06 (q, J= 7.2, 2H), 1.19 (t, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H).

Description D123

3-(Benzylamino)-4,4-difluorobutan-1 -ol (D123)

To a slurry of LiAIH ₄ (5.88 mL, 1 1.75 mmol, 2 M in THF), D122 (1 .0 g, 3.92 mmol) in THF (2 mL) was added dropwise at 0 °C. The reaction was kept stirring at room temperature for 3 hrs and then quenched with brine (2 mL). The mixture was filtered and the filtrate was diluted with EtOAc (50 mL), washed with brine (20 mL). The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ , filtred and concentrated. The crude was purified by C18 chromatography (5-95% CH3CN in water) to give the title compound as colorless oil (370 mg, yield 43.9%). ¹ H NMR (600 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.38-7.29 (m, 5H), 5.84 (td, J = 56.1 , 3.0 Hz, 1 H), 3.98 (dd, J = 84.7, 12.8 Hz, 2H), 3.83 (m, 2H), 3.13 (m, 1 H), 3.00 (br, 1 H), 1.76 (m, 2H).

Description D124

3-Amino-4,4-difluorobutan-1 -ol (D124)

To a solution of D123 (508 mg, 2.360 mmol) in methanol (5 mL) was added Pd/C (126 mg, 0.1 18 mmol). The reaction was stirred overnight at room temperature under hydrogen. The mixture was filtered and the filtrate was concentrated to give the title compound as colorless oil, which was used in next step without purification.

Description D125

3-((2,5-Dichloropyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-4,4-difluorobutan-1 -ol (D125)

To a solution of D124 (296 mg, 2.366 mmol) in DMF (6 mL) were added 2,4,5- trichloropyrimidine (0.325 mL, 2.84 mmol) and DIPEA (0.618 mL, 3.55 mmol). The reaction was stirred overnight at room temperature. The mixture was diluted with EtOAc (50 mL), washed with water (3x30 mL) and brine (30 mL). The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc=1 :0 to 0:1 ) to give the title compound as a as white solid (500 mg, yield 73.6%). ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ): δ 8.27 (s, 1 H), 7.85 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 1 H), 6.09 (td, J = 55.7, 3.7 Hz, 1 H), 4.68 (m, 1 H), 4.63 (t, J = 4.9 Hz, 1 H), 3.46 (m, 2H), 1.87 (m, 2H).

Description D126

3-((2,5-Dichloropyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-4,4-difluorobutyl methanesulfonate (D126)

To a solution of D125 (500 mg, 1.838 mmol) in THF (4 mL) was added DIPEA (0.480 mL, 2.76 mmol) followed by the addition of methanesulfonyl chloride (0.171 mL, 2.205 mmol). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The mixture was then quenched with water (0.2 mL), diluted with EtOAc (40 mL), washed with water (2x30 mL) and brine (30 mL). The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentracted to give the crude as yellow oil, which was used in next step without further purification.

Description D127

2,5-Dichloro-/V-(1 ,1 -difluoro-4-((5-methyl-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H- pyrazol-3-yl)oxy)butan-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-amine (D127)

To a solution of D126 (280 mg, 0.800 mmol) in DMF (2 mL) were added D5 (182 mg, 0.800 mmol) and CS2CO3 (287 mg, 0.880 mmol). The reaction was heated to 60 °C in a sealed system and stirred for 1 hour. After cooled to room temperature, the mixture was diluted with EtOAc (20 ml_), washed with water (3x20 mL) and brine (20 ml_). The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 1 :0 to 0: 1 ) to give the title compound as a white solid (1 12 mg, yield 18.76%). LC-MS: 481 .1 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D128

ferf-Butyl 4-(3-(3-((2,5-dichloropyrimidin-4-yl)amino)butoxy)-5-methyl- 4-nitro-1 H- pyrazol-1 -yl)-3-fluoropiperidine-1 -carboxylate (D128)

A solution of D73 (723 mg, 2.0 mmol), ie f-butyl 3-fluoro-4-((methylsulfonyl)oxy) piperidine-1 - carboxylate (2.97 g, 10.0 mmol) and Cs ₂ C0 ₃ (1 .96 g, 6.0 mmol) in DMSO (30 mL) was stirred at 85 °C overnight. The mixture was poured into the sat.NaCI (aq.) and extracted with EtOAc (3x30 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated in vacuo. The crude was purified by column

chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 1 : 1 ) to give the title compound as a yellow solid (280 mg, yield 25%).

Description D129

ferf-Butyl 4-{14-chloro-4,11 -dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.

0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16), 3, 6,13(17), 14-pentaen-5-yl}-3-fluoropiperidine-1 -carboxylate (D129)

A solution of D129 (571 mg, 1 .1 mmol), Fe (285 mg, 5.1 mmol) and NH ₄ CI (273 mg, 5.1 mmol) in EtOH/h O (24 mL, 5: 1 ) was refluxed overnight. The mixture was filtered and the filtrate was concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 2: 1 ) to give the title compound as a white solid (175 mg, yield 34.6%). Description D130

14-Chloro-5-(3-fluoropiperidin-4-yl)-4 1 -dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatri cyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene, TFA salt (D130)

A solution of D129 (175 mg, 0.35 mmol) and TFA (2.5 mL) in DCM (15 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 5 hrs. The mixture was concentrated to give the crude (135 mg), which was used for the next step directly.

Description D131

ferf-Butyl 4-(3-(( ?)-3-((2,5-dichloropyrimidin-4-yl)amino)butoxy)-5-methyl-4-n itro-1 H- pyrazol-1 -yl)-3-fluoropiperidine-1 -carboxylate (D131 )

A solution of D79 (1 .08 mg, 3.0 mmol), ie f-butyl 3-fluoro-4-((methylsulfonyl)oxy) piperidine- 1 -carboxylate (3.57 g, 12.0 mmol) and K ₂ C0 ₃ (1.66 g, 12.0 mmol) in DMSO (30 mL) was stirred at 85 °C for 3 days. The mixture was poured into waterand extracted with EtOAc (3x50 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated in vacuo. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 2:1 ) to give the title compound as a yellow solid (1.2 g, yield 71.0%).

Description D132

ferf-Butyl 4-[(11 ?)-14-chloro-4,11 -dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo

[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaen-5-yl]-3-fluoropiperidine-1 - carboxylate (D132)

A solution of D131 (5.3 g, 9.5 mmol), Fe (2.6 g, 47.5 mmol) and NH ₄ CI (2.6 g, 47.5 mmol) in EtOH/h O (60 mL, 5:1 ) was refluxed overnight. The mixture was filtered and the filtrate was concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 2:1 ) to give the title compound as a white solid (4.0 g, yield 85.1 %).

Description D133

(11 ?)-14-Chloro-5-(3-fluoropiperidin-4-yl)-4,11 -dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17- hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene, TFA salt (D133)

A solution of D132 (4.0 g, 8.1 mmol) and TFA (25 mL) in DCM (50 mL) was stirred at ambient temperature for 3 hours. The solvent was removed by vacuo and the crude desired product (3.1 g, crude) was used for the next step directly.

Description D134

( ?)-3-(3-(3-((2,5-Dichloropyrimidin-4-yl)amino)butoxy)-5-meth yl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-1 - yl)cyclobutan-1 -one (D134)

To a solution of D79 (1 g, 2.8 mmol) in DMF (50 mL) was added NaH (124 mg, 3.1 mmol) at 0 °C. After stirred for 30 min, 3-bromocyclobutan-1 -one (834.3 mg, 5.6 mmol) was added and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 4 hrs. Then the mixture was poured into ice water and extracted with EtOAc (3x100 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated in vacuo. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 2:1 ) to give the title compound as an off-white solid (850 mg, yield 71 %). LC-MS: 429.2 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D135 3-[(11 ?)-14-Chloro-4,11 -dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ] heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaen-5-yl]cyclobutan-1 -one (D135)

To a solution of D134 (850 mg, 1.98 mmol) in / ^' -PrOH (50 mL) were added Fe (554.4 mg, 9.9 mmol) and a solution of NH4CI (529.3 mg, 9.9 mmol) in H2O (5 mL). The reaction was stirred overnight at 95 °C. The mixture was filtered and the filter cake was washed with

Ch C /MeOH (10:1 , 3x100 mL). The combined filtrate was concentrated. The residue was poured into sat.NaHCOs (aq.) and extracted with CH2CI2 (3x100 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated in vacuo. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (EtOAc) to give the title compound as an off-white solid (320 mg, yield 45%). LC-MS: 363.3 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D136

3-(3-Bromo-5-methyl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-1 -yl)cyclopentanone (D136)

To a stirred suspension of 3-bromo-5-methyl-4-nitro-1 /-/-pyrazole (6.0 g, 29.1 mmol) and ScC (441 mg, 2.91 mmol) in CH2C (60 mL) at room temperature was added cyclopent-2- enone (5.74 g, 69.9 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 25 °C for 16 hrs. The mixture was poured into brine (50 mL) and extracted with CH2CI2 (2x50 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography (PE: EtOAc= 10:1 to 4:1 ) to give the title compound as a white solid (6.8 g, yield 81 %). ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 5.26-5.21 (m, 1 H), 2.86 (dd, J= 18.4, 5.6 Hz, 1 H), 2.73-2.62 (m, 2H), 2.54 (s, 3H), 2.52-2.33 (m, 3H).

Description D137

4-(3-(3-Bromo-5-methyl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-1 -yl)cyclopentyl)morphol To a stirred solution of D136 (500 mg, 1.736 mmol) and AcOH (36 mg, 0.607 mmol) in CH2CI2 (10 mL) at 0 °C were added morpholine (163 mg, 1.909 mmol) and NaBH ₃ CN (218 mg, 3.471 mmol). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 16 hrs. The mixture was washed with aq. NaHCC>3 (10 mL) and brine (10 mL). The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ , filtered and concentrated. The crude was purified by column

chromatography (PE: EtOAc= 10:1 to 1 : 1 ) to give the title compound as yellow oil (318 mg, yield 51 %). LC-MS: 361.2 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D138

5-Methyl-1 -(3-morpholinocyclopentyl)-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-3-ol (D138)

A solution of D137 (2.0 g, 5.57 mmol) and KOH (3.1 g, 55.6 mmol) in DME/water (20 mL/30 mL) in a sealed vessel was stirred at 120 °C for 16 hrs. Solvents were removed by concentration followed by lyophilization. The solid was suspended in methanol (20 mL), stirred at room temperature for 30 min. The resulting suspension was filtered through Celite. The filtrate was concentrated and the crude was purified by column chromatography

(CH2CI2: CH ₃ OH= 40:1 to 10:1 ) to give the title compound as a yellow solid (1 .2 g, yield 72%). ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ): δ 7.15 (br, 1 H), 4.60-4.57 (m, 1 H), 4.76-3.53 (m, 5H), 3.32-2.50 (m, 4H), 2.21 (s, 3H), 2.17-1 .98 (m, 2H), 1 .99-1 .60 (m, 4H).

Description D139

ferf-Butyl (3-((5-methyl-1 -(3-morpholinocyclopentyl)-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-3-yl)oxy) prop yl)carbamate (D139):

A mixture of D138 (300 mg, 1.01 mmol), ie/f-butyl (3-bromopropyl)carbamate (482 mg, 2.02 mmol) and Cs ₂ C0 ₃ (823 mg, 2.52 mmol) in DMF (6 mL) was stirred at 100 °C for 2hrs. The reaction was quenched with water (10 mL) and extracted with ether (2x10 mL). The organic layer was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ , filtered and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (CH2CI2: CHsOH= 300:1 to 30:1 ) to give the title compound as yellow oil (220 mg, yield 48%). LC-MS: 454.3 [M+H] ⁺ . Description D140

3-((5-Methyl-1 -(3-morpholinocyclopentyl)-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-3-yl)oxy)propan-1 -amine, TFA salt (D140)

To a solution of D139 (220 mg, 0.485 mmol) in CH ₂ CI ₂ (2 mL) at 0 °C was added TFA (0.5 mL) dropwise. The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 2 hrs. The mixture was concentrated to give the title compound, which was used in next step without further purification.

Description D141

2,5-Dichloro-A/-(3-((5-methyl-1 -(3-morpholinocyclopentyl)-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-3-yl) oxy)propyl)pyrimidin-4-amine (D141 )

To a solution of D140 (170 mg, 0.481 mmol) in / ^' -PrOH (2 mL) at 0 °C were added Et ₃ N (487 mg, 4.81 mmol) and 2,4,5-trichloropyrimidine (93 mg, 0.505 mmol) dropwise. The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 2 hrs. The mixture was poured into water (6 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2x8 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated in vacuo. The crude was purified by flash column chromatography (PE: EtOAc= 10:1 to 0:1 ) to give the title compound as yellow oil (170 mg, yield 70%). LC- MS: 500.2 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D142

8-Chloro-3-methyl-2,4,10,11 ,12,13-hexahydro-5,9-(azeno)pyrazolo[3,4- b][1 , 4,6,10]oxatriazacyclotridecine (D142)

To a solution of D33 (150 mg, 0.432 mmol) in EtOH/H ₂ 0 (50 mL/5.0 mL) at room

temperature were added Fe (125 mg, 2.24 mmol) and NH4CI (140 mg, 2.62 mmol). The reaction was stirred under argon at 100 °C overnight. The hot reaction suspension was filtered through a pad of Celite and the filtrate was concentrated. The crude was purified by chromatography on silica gel (CH2CI2: MeOH= 10:1 ) to give the title compound as a yellow solid (142 mg). LC-MS: 281.3 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D143

3,4,5-Tribromo-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazole (D143)

To a solution of 3,4, 5-tribromo-1 H-pyrazole (10.500 g, 34.45 mmol), PPh ₃ (18.072 g, 68.90 mmol) and tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-ol (4.222 g, 41 .34 mmol) in THF (250 mL) was added DIAD (13.6 mL, 68.90 mmol) at 0°C. The mixture was stirred at 0°C for 0.5 hour and at room temperature for 5 hrs. Then the reaction was poured into ice water (200 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2x200 mL). The organic layers were dried, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 3: 1 ) to give the title compound compound as a white solid (9.8 g, yield 73%).

Description D144

3,4-Dibromo-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazole-5-carbaldehyde (D144)

To a solution of D143 (10.0 g, 25.71 mmol) in THF (200 mL) was added n-BuLi (1 .6 M in THF, 24.1 mL, 38.57 mmol) at -78 °C under argon for 30 min. Then N-formylmorpholine (5.9 g, 51 .42 mmol) was added drop wise. The reaction was stirred at -78 °C for 1 hour. The reaction was poured into aq NH4CI (200 mL), and extracted with EtOAc (2x100 mL). The combined organic layers were dried, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 10: 1 ) to give the title compound as an off-white solid (5.2 g, yield 60%). ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 9.83 (s, 1 H), 5.27-5.21 (m, 1 H), 4.13-4.07 (m, 2H), 3.57-3.51 (m, 2H), 2.87-2.18 (m, 2H), 1 .91 -1.87 (m, 2H).

Description D145

3,4-Dibromo-5-(difluoromethyl)-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazole (D145)

To a stirred solution of D144 (5.2 g, 15.38 mmol) in CH ₂ CI ₂ (100 mL) was added DAST (4.1 mL, 30.77 mmol) at 0 °C. The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 2hrs. The reaction was poured into ice. The mixture was extracted with CH2CI2 (2x50 mL) and the combined organic layers were washed with aq.NaHCC>3 (2x100 mL), dried, filtered and concentrated to give the title compound as an gray solid (5.3 g, yield 96%). ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 6.87-6.61 (s, 1 H), 4.61 -4.53 (m, 1 H), 4.13-4.09 (m, 2H), 3.54-3.45 (m, 2H), 2.37-2.37 (m, 2H), 1 .88-1 .92 (m, 2H).

Description D146

1 -(4,4-Difluorocyclohexyl)-5-methyl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-3-ol (D146)

The title compound D146 was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing D25, starting from 4,4-difluorocyclohexanol. LC-MS: 262.3 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D147

4-Nitro-1 -(tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3-ol (D147) The title compound D147 was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing D36, starting from tetrahydrofuran-3-yl methanesulfonate.

Description D148

4-Nitro-3-(3-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)propoxy)-1 -(tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)-1 H- pyrazole (D148)

A mixture of D147 (1 .00 g, 5.02 mmol), 2-(3-bromopropoxy)tetrahydro-2H-pyran (1 .12 g, 5.02 mmol) and K ₂ C0 ₃ (1 .39 g, 10.04 mmol) in DMF (20 mL) was heated at 80 °C for 3 hrs. The reaction mixture was poured into ice water (60 mL), and extracted with EtOAc (2x30 mL). The organic layer was washed with brine (3x40 mL), dried, filtered and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 1 : 1 ) to give the title compound as a yellow solid (1 .526 g, yield 89%).

Description D149

5-Chloro-4-nitro-3-(3-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)propoxy )-1 -(tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)- 1 H-pyrazole (D149)

To a solution of D148 (1 .526 g, 4.47 mmol) in THF (20 mL) were added LiHMDS (1.0 M in THF, 5.36 mL, 5.36 mmol) at -60 °C under Nitrogen. The reaction was stirred at -60 °C for 0.5h. Then, a solution of C2CI6 (2.1 16 g, 8.94 mmol) in THF (2 mL) was added dropwise. The reaction was stirred at -60 °C for 0.5 hour. The reaction mixture was poured into aq.NH ₄ CI (50 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2x30 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with brine (2x30 mL), dried and concentrated in vacuo. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 1 : 1 ) to give the title compound as a white solid (1 .149 g, yield 68%).

Description D150

3-((5-Chloro-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3-yl)oxy)propan-1 -ol (D150)

A solution of D149 (1 .149 g, 3.06 mmol) in HCI/MeOH (3 M in MeOH, 15 ml.) was heated at 50 °C for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was poured into ice and aq.NaHCC>3 (50 mL), and then extracted with EtOAc (2x50 mL). The organic layer was dried, filtered and concentrated to give the title compound as yellow oil (734 mg, yield 82%).

Description D151

3-((5-Chloro-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3-yl)oxy)propyl

methanesulfonate (D151 )

To a solution of D150 (734 mg, 2.52 mmol) in CH ₂ CI ₂ (20 ml) and Et ₃ N (510 mg, 5.04 mmol) was added MsCI (432 mg, 3.77 mmol) at 0°C. The reaction was stirred at 0 °C for 0.5 h. The reaction was poured into ice water and extracted with CH2CI2 (2x20 mL). The organic layer was washed with aq.NaHCC>3 (30 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ , filtered and concentrated to give the title compound as a white solid (870 mg, crude).

Description D152

2-(3-((4-Nitro-5-chloro-1 -(tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3-yl)oxy)propyl) isoindoline-

1 ,3-dione (D152) A mixture of D151 (870 mg, 2.35 mmol), potassium 1 ,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-ide (872 mg, 4.71 mmol), K ₂ C0 ₃ (325 mg, 2.35 mmol) and TBAI (89 mg, 0.24 mmol) in CH3CN/DMF (20 mL/10 mL) was stirred at 100 °C for 4 hrs. The reaction was poured into ice water (40 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2x30 mL). The organic layer was washed with brine (3x30 mL), dried, filtered and concentrated to give the compound. The crude product was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 1 : 1 ) to give the title compound as a yellow solid (756 mg, yield 72%). Description D153

2-(3-((4-Amino-5-chloro-1 -(tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3-yl)oxy)propyl) isoindoline-1 ,3-dione (D153)

To a solution of D152 (756 mg, 1 .80 mmol) in conc.HCI (15 mL) was added SnC (681 mg, 3.59 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 60 °C for 20 min. The reaction was poured into ice and aq NaHCC>3 (40 mL). The mixture extracted with EtOAc (2x50 mL). The organic layer was dried, filtered and concentrated to give the title compound as yellow oil (423 mg, yield 60%).

Description D154

3-(3-Aminopropoxy)-5-chloro-1 -(tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-4-amine (D154)

To a solution of D153 (430 mg, 1 .10 mmol) in EtOH (10 mL) was added Hydrazine hydrate (0.5 mL). The reaction was stirred at 50 °C for 2 hrs. The mixture was poured into ice water (20 mL) and extracted with CH2Cl2 (2x20 mL). The organic layer was dried, filtered and concentrated to give the title compound as yellow oil (314 mg, crude).

Description D155

yV-(3-((4-Amino-5-chloro-1 -(tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3-yl)oxy)propyl)-2,5- dichloropyrimidin-4-amine (D155)

To a solution of D154 (283 mg, 1 .09 mmol) in / ^' -PrOH (15 mL) and Et ₃ N (221 mg, 2.18 mmol) were added a solution of 2,4,5-trichloropyrimidine (189 mg, 1 .03 mmol) in / ^' -PrOH (1 mL) . The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 0.5 hour. The reaction was poured into ice water (20 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2x20 mL). The organic layer was dried, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE:

EtOAc= 1 : 2) to give the title compound as a clear oil (280 mg, yield 63%).

Description D156

5-Chloro-4-nitro-3-(3-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)propoxy )-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran- 4-yl)-1 H-pyrazole (D156)

The title compound D156 was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing D149, starting from D36.

Description D157

5-Cyclopropyl-4-nitro-3-(3-((tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)pr opoxy)-1 -(tetrahyd pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazole (D157)

A mixture of D156 (832 mg, 2.13 mmol), tricyclohexyl phosphine (59 mg, 0.21 mmol), cyclopropylboronic acid (367 mg, 4.27 mmol), Pd(dppf)C (154 mg, 0.21 mmol) and K3PO4 (907 mg, 4.27 mmol) in dioxane (20 mL) was stirred at 100 °C for 16 hrs. The reaction mixture was filtered and purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 2: 1 ) to give the title compound as a yellow solid (431 mg, yield 51 %).

Description for D158

(/?)-ferf-Butyl 3-(3-(3-((2,5-dichloropyrimidin-4-yl)amino)butoxy)-5-methyl- 4-nitro-1 H- pyrazol-1 -yl)azetidine-1 -carboxylate (D158) To a solution of D79 (540 mg, 1 .50 mmol) and K ₂ C0 ₃ (622 mg, 4.5 mmol) in DMSO (10 mL) was added tert-butyl 3-iodoazetidine-1 -carboxylate (637 mg, 2.25 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 75 °C for 2 hrs. The mixture was cooled to room temperature was extracted with EtOAc and water.The organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated. The crude was purified by pre-TLC (PE:EA= 1 :1 ) to give the title compound as colorless oil (490 mg, yield 63.4%). ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): 5 7.96 (s, 1 H), 5.67 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.97-4.93 (m, 1 H), 4.59-4.55 (m, 1 H), 4.49 (t, 2H), 4.42-4.38 (m, 1 H), 4.33-4.25 (m, 3H), 4.17-4.09 (m, 2H), 3.82-3.78 (m, 1 H), 2.58 (s, 3H), 2.24-2.19 (m, 1 H), 2.15-2.07 (m, 1 H), 1 .62 (s, 2H), 1.46 (s, 9H), 1.44 (s, 3H), 1 .38 (d, J= 6.4 Hz, 2H).

Description D159

ferf-Butyl 3-[(11 ?)-14-chloro-4,11 -dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo

[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaen-5-yl]azetidine-1 -carboxylate (D159)

To a solution of D158 (380 mg, 0.74 mmol) in AcOH/MeOH (1 1.4 mL/1 14 mL) was added Zn (482 mg, 7.38 mmol). The mixture was stirred under argon at 75 °C for 3 hrs. The mixture was evaporated to dryness and the crude was diluted with PE: EtOAc= 10:1 and the solid was filtrated to give the title compound as a rufous solid (1 .4 g, yield 100%, contained some ZnOAc).

Description D160

(1 7 ?)-5-(Azetidin-3-yl)-14-chloro-4,11 -dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo

[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene, HCI salt (D160)

D159 (1 .35 g, 0.7 mmol) was dissolved in HCI/MeOH (3 M, 20 mL) and the reaction was stirred at room temperature for 1.5 hrs. The mixture was the concentrated and the crude was used to next step directly without purification. Description D161

2,5-Dichloro-W-(4-((1 -(2,2-diethoxye^

yl)pyrimidin-4-amine(D161 )

To a solution of D73 (1 .0 g, 2.7 mmol) in DMSO (50 mL) were added K ₂ C0 ₃ (1 .2 g, 8.3 mmol) and 2-bromo-1 , 1 -diethoxyethane (2.7 g, 13.8 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 90 °C for 4hrs. The mixture was poured into ice water and extracted with EtOAc (3x 100 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated to give the title compound as an off-white solid, which was used in next step without further purification (960 mg).

Description D162

14-Chloro-5-(2,2-diethoxyethyl)-4,11 -dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo

[11.3.1.0 ³ ' ⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (D162)

To a solution of D161 (960 mg, 2.0 mmol) in EtOH (50 mL) was added Fe (560 mg, 10 mmol) and a solution of NH ₄ CI (535 mg, 10 mmol) in H2O (5 mL). The reaction was stirred at 90 °C overnight. The mixture was filtered, the filter cake was washed with CH2CI2: MeOH (10: 1 ) (3x100 mL) and the combined filtrate was concentrated. The residue was poured into the sat.NaHCC>3 (aq) and extracted with CH2CI2 (3x 100 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated. The crude was slurry in MeCN to give the title compound, which was directly used in next step (770 mg).

Description D163

2-{14-Chloro-4,11 -dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³ , ⁷ ]heptadeca- 1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaen-5-yl}acetaldehyde, TFA salt (D163)

To a solution of D162 (770 mg) in DCM (15 mL) was added TFA (15 mL) at room

temperature. The reaction was stirred at room temperature overnight. The mixture was concentrated to give the title compound, which was directly used in next step (810 mg).

Description D164

4-(3-(3-((2,5-Dichloropyrimidin-4-yl)amino)propoxy)-5-methyl -4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-1 - yl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-ol (D164)

To a solution of D33 (800 mg, 2.30 mmol) in DMSO (12 mL) in a sealable vessel were added K2CO3 (1 .27 g, 9.19 mmol) and 3,7-dioxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane(1 .84 g, 18.4 mmol). The vessel was sealed and the reaction was stirred at 95 °C overnight. The cooled reaction mixture was poured into water (120 mL) and the resultant was extracted with EtOAc (3x 80 ml). The combined organics were washed with brine (50 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated and the residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (CH2CI2: EtOAc= 5:1 -2:1 ) to give the title compound as an off-white solid (266 mg, yield 25%). LC-MS: 447.2 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D165

4-(3-(3-((2,5-Dichloropyrimidin-4-yl)amino)propoxy)-5-met hyl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-1 - yl)dihydro-2H-pyran-3(4H)-one (D165)

To a stirred solution of D164 (266 mg, 0.595 mmol) in DMSO (4.0 mL) under argon at room temperature was added IBX (250 mg, 0.893 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 55 °C overnight. The reaction mixture poured into water (100 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3^60 ml). The combined organics were washed with brine (50 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ , filtered. The filtrate was concentrated and the crude was purified by chromatography on silica gel (CH2CI2: EtOAc= 5:1 - 3:1 ) to give the title compound as an off-white solid (1 15 mg, yield 43%). LC-MS: 445.2 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D166

2,5-Dichloro-N-(3-((1 -(3,3-difluorotetrahydro-2H^yran-4-yl)-5-methyl-4-nitro-1 H- pyrazol-3-yl)oxy)propyl)pyrimidin-4-amine (D166)

To a suspension of D165 (1 15 mg, 0.258 mmol) in CH2CI2 (15 mL) under argon at 0 °C was added DAST (208 mg, 1 .29 mmol) via syringe. The reaction was allowed to warm gradually to room temperature and stirred over 2 days. The mixture was poured into sat. NaHCC>3 (30 mL) and extracted with CH2CI2 (3x30 mL). The combined organics were washed with brine (50 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ , filtered. The filtrate was concentrated and the crude was purified by chromatography on slica gel (CH2CI2: EtOAc = 5: 1 ) to give the title compound as an off-white solid (103 mg, yield 85%). LC-MS: 467.2 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D167

5-(3-Bromo-5-methyl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-1 -yl)dihydro-2H-pyran-3(4H)-one (D167)

To a stirred suspension of 5-bromo-3-methyl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazole_(1 .85 g, 8.98 mmol) in dry CH2CI2 (20 mL) under argon at room temperature were added 2/-/-pyran-3(6/-/)-one (1.77 g, 18.0 mmol) and ScC (123 mg, 0.813 mmol). The reaction was then stirred under argon at 25 °C overnight. The reaction mixture was concentrated to a volume of c. 10 mL and the resulting yellow suspension was directly loaded onto a silica gel column (PE:EtOAc = 5:1 -1 :1 ) to give the title compound as off-white solid (1 .98 g, yield 72%). LC-MS: 306.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 4.88-4.81 (m, 1 H), 4.21 -4.10 (m, 3H), 4.03 (dd, J= 1 1.6, 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 3.24 (dd, J= 16.4, 8.6 Hz, 1 H), 2.95 (dd, J= 16.4, 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 2.71 (s, 3H) Description D168

5-(3-Bromo-5-methyl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-1 -yl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3- ol (D168)

To a stirred suspension of D167 (1 .98 g, 6.51 mmol) in MeOH/THF (30 mL/30 mL) under argon at 0 °C was added NaBH ₄ (124 mg, 3.28 mmol) in one portion. The reaction was stirred under argon at 0 °C for 1 hour. The reaction was quenched by addition of saturated aqueous NH4CI (50 mL) at 0 °C. The resultant was diluted with water (20 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3 X 50 mL). The combined organics were washed with brine (50 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated and the residue was dried under vacuo afforded crude desired product as light yellow solid (2.07 g, crude). LC-MS: 308.2 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D169

1 -(5-Hydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)-5-methyl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-3-ol (D169)

To a suspension of D168 (2.07 g, 6.51 mmol) in water (50 mL) was added KOH (5.0 g, 89.1 mmol). The reaction was stirred under argon at 105 °C for 3 hrs. The cooled mixture was extracted with Et.20 (2x50 mL). The aqueous layer was acidified with cone. HCI until pH=2. The mixture was extracted with EtOAc (3x50 mL) and the combined organics were washed with brine (30 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ , filtered and concentrated. The crude was suspended in CH2CI2 (10 mL), stirred for 15 minutes, filtered. The filter cake was dried under infrared lamp and collected to give the title compound as a yellow solid (1.01 g, yield over 2 steps 63%). LC-MS: 244.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ): 5 1 1.41 (s, 1 H), 5.1 1 (d, J= 5.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.42-4.36 (m, 1 H), 3.89-3.81 (m, 2H), 3.72-3.66 (m, 1 H), 2.93 (t, J= 10.4 Hz, 1 H), 2.58 (s, 3H), 2.22-2.19 (m, 1 H), 1.85 (q, J= 1 1 .6 Hz, 1 H).

Description D170

ferf-Butyl (3-((1 -(5-hydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)-5-methyl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-3- yl)oxy)propyl)carbamate (D170)

To a solution of D169 (400 mg, 1 .64 mmol) in DMF (5.0 mL) under argon at room

temperature were added K2CO3 (680 mg, 4.92 mmol) and ie f-butyl (3-bromopropyl) carbamate (587 mg, 2.47 mmol). The reaction was stirred under argon at 85 °C for 3 hrs. The cooled reaction mixture was poured into water (60 mL) and the resultant was extracted with EtOAc (3x40 mL). The combined organics were washed with brine (30 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ , filtered and concentrated. The crude was purified by chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc = 5:1 -1 : 1 ) to give the title compound as light yellow oil (331 mg, yield 50%). LC-MS: 401 .3 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D171

ferf-Butyl (3-((1 -(5-fluorotetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)-5-methyl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-3- yl)oxy) propyl)carbamate (D171 )

To a solution of D170 (331 mg, 0.827 mmol) in CH2CI2 (10 mL) under argon at 0 °C was added DAST (660 mg, 4.09 mmol) via syringe. The reaction was stirred under argon at room temperature overnight. The mixture was diluted with CH2CI2 (20 mL) and sat. NaHCC>3 (30 mL). The resultant was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour and the organic layer was separated. The aqueous layer was extracted with CH2CI2 (2x30 mL) and the combined organics were washed with brine (30 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ , filtered and concentrated. The crude was purified by chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc = 5: 1 ~ 2:1 ) to give the title compound as light yellow oil (338 mg). LC-MS: 425.3 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D172

( ?)-2,5-Dichloro-yV-(4-((5-methyl-4-nitro-1 -(1 ,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3- yl)oxy)butan-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-amine (D172) A solution of D79 (2.5 g, 6.9 mmol), D82 (8.1 g, 34.3 mmol) and K ₂ C0 ₃ (2.8 g, 37.5 mmol) in DMA (50 mL) was heated to 80 °C and stirred for 16 hrs. The mixture was poured into water (300 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (3x100 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc = 5:1 ~ 1 :1 ) to give the title compound as little yellow oil (1 .3 g, yield 37%). LC-MS: 501.1 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D173

(/?)-4-(3-(3-((2,5-dichloropyrimidin-4-^

yl)cyclohexanone(200 mg,0.44 mmol) (D173)

To a solution of D172 (1 .3 g, 2.85 mmol) in DCM (25 mL) was TFA (5 mL) and the reaction was stirred at 60 °C for 5 hrs. The cooled mixture was added water (100 mL) and sat.

NaHCC>3 until pH>7. The organic layer was washed with sat. NaHCC>3, brine, dried over Na2S0 ₄ , and concentrated. The product was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EA= 5:1 -1 :1 ) to give the title compound (800 mg, yield 67%).

Description D174

( ?)-2,5-dichloro-yV-(4-((1 -(4,4-difluorocyclohexyl)-5-methyl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-3- yl)oxy)butan-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-amine (D174)

To a solution of D173 (200 mg, 0.44 mmol) in DCM (20 mL) was added DAST (21 1 mg, 1 .32 mmol) dropwise at -60 °C under nitrogen. The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 16 hrs. The mixture was diluted with MeOH (5 mL), stirred for 10 min and then concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EA= 10: 1 -1 : 1 ) to give the title compound (60 mg, yield 28%). LC-MS: 479.2 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D175 ( ?)-4-(3-(3-((2,5-Dichloropyrimidin-4-yl)amino)butoxy)-5-meth yl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-1 - yl)cyclohexanol (D175)

To a solution of D173 (760 mg, 1.66 mmol) in MeOH (20 mL) were added NaBH ₄ (75 mg, 1 .97 mmol) at 5-10 °C. The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 4 hrs. The mixture was poured into water (100 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2x100 mL). The organic layer was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EA= 5:1 ) to give the title compound (410 mg, yield 53%). LC-MS: 459.2 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D176

( ?)-2,5-Dichloro-W-(4-((1 -(4-(difluoromethoxy)cyclohexyl)-5-methyl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol- 3-yl)oxy)butan-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-amine (D176)

To a solution of D175 (250 mg, 0.54 mmol) in CH ₃ CN (20 mL) was added Cul (20.5 mg, 0.108 mmol). After stirred at 50 °C for 10 min, 2,2-difluoro-2-(fluorosulfonyl)acetic acid (146 mg, 0.82 mmol) in MeCN(0.5 mL) was added drop wise. The reaction was stirred at 50 °C for 2 hrs. The mixture was concentrated and the crude was purified by column

chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc= 3:1 ) to give the title compound (1 10 mg, crude). LC-MS: 509.2 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D177

( ?)-3-(3-(3-((2,5-Dichloropyrimidin-4-yl)amino)butoxy)-5-meth yl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-1 - yl)cyclobutanol(D177)

To a solution of D134 (770 mg, 1.8 mmol) in MeOH (20 mL) was added NaBH ₄ (102 mg, 2.6 mmol) at 5-10 °C. The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 4 hrs. The mixture was concentrated and the crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE:

EtOAc= 2:1 ) to give the title compound as a white solid (700 mg, yield 95%). LC-MS: 431 .1 [M+H] ⁺ .

Description D178

3-(3-(3-((2,5-Dichloropyrimidin-4-yl)(methyl)amino)butoxy)-5 -methyl-4-nitro-1 H pyrazol-1 -yl)cyclobutanol (D178)

To a solution of D177 (215 mg, 0.5 mmol) in DMF (20 mL) were added CH ₃ I (85.2 mg, 0.6 mmol) and NaH (0.39 g, 9.9 mmol). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 5 hrs. The mixture was poured into water (50 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2x100 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated in vacuo. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc =1 :1 ) to give the title compound as yellow oil (100 mg). LC-MS: 445.2 [M+H] ⁺ . Description D179

Tert-butyl 7-oxa-3-azabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane-3-carboxylate (D179)

To a solution of tert-butyl 3,6-dihydropyridine-1 (2H)-carboxylate (18.3 g, 1 .0 mol) and m- CPBA (34.5 g, 2.0 mol) in CH2CI2 (200 mL) were stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was filtered and extracted with CH2CI2 (300 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated in vacuo to give the target product (17.7 g, yield 89%). The crude product was used directly for the next step.

Description D180

Tert-butyl 4-(3-((R)-3-((2,5-dichloropyrimidin-4-yl)amino)butoxy)-5-met hyl-4-nitro-1 H- pyrazol-1 -yl)-3-hydroxypiperidine-1 -carboxylate (D180) oc

To a solution of D79 (4.8 g, 13.1 mmol), D179 (13 g, 65.5 mmol) and K ₂ C0 ₃ (5.5 g, 39.3 mmol) in DMSO (50 mL) was stirred at 90 °C overnight. The reaction mixture was poured into ice-water and extracted with EtOAc (3x50 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE:EtOAc=1 : 1 ) to give the target product as a light yellow solid (1 .42 g, yield 19%).

Description D181

Tert-butyl 4-(3-((R)-3-((2,5-dichloropyrimidin-4-yl)amino)butoxy)-5-met hyl-4-nitro-1 H- pyrazol-1 -yl)-3-oxopiperidine-1 -carboxylate (D181 ) oc

To a solution of D180 (1 .42 g, 2.53 mmol) and Dess-Martin periodinane (2.15 g, 5.06 mmol) in CH2CI2 (30 mL) were stirred at room temperature for 2hrs. The reaction mixture was extracted with CH2CI2 (3x50 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over with Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated in vacuo to give the target product (1 .33 g crude). The crude product was used directly for the next step.

Description D182

Tert-butyl 4-(3-((R)-3-((2,5-dichloropyrimidin-4-yl)amino)butoxy)-5-met hyl-4-nitro-1 H- pyrazol-1 -yl)-3,3-difluoropiperidine-1 -carboxylate (D182):

To a solution of D181 (1 .42 g, 2.53 mmol) in CH ₂ CI ₂ (50 mL) was added DAST (816 mg, 5.06 mmol) drop wise at -78 °C. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3hrs. The reaction mixture was poured into ice-water and extracted with CH2CI2 (3x50 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over with Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated in vacuo to give the target product (1 .5 g crude). The crude product was used directly for the next step.

Description D183

3-Methyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-ol (D183)

To a solution of 3-methyldihydro-2H-pyran-4(3H)-one (1 .0 g, 8.9 mmol) in MeOH (20 mL) was added slowly NaBH ₄ (410 mg, 10.7 mmol) at 0-5 °C. The reaction solution was stirred at the same temperature for 1 hr. Water (3 mL) was added with dropwise for 10 min. The reaction solution was concentrated in vacuo to give residue. CH2CI2 (15 mL) was added and filtered, the filtrate was concentrated to afford the title compound (780 mg, 76% yield) as a colorless oil.

Description D184

3,4,5-Tribromo-1 -(3-methyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazole (D184)

To a solution of D183 (0.95 g, 8.3 mmol) in THF (50mL) was added 3,4,5-tribromo-1 H- pyrazole (2.8 g, 9.1 mmol), PPh3 (4.3 g, 16.6 mmol) and DEAD (3.6 g, 20.7mmol) at 0-5 °C under N2. The reaction solution was stirred at rt for 16 hrs. The reaction solution was poured into water (50 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (100 ml_x2). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified by gel silica column chromatography (PE:EtOAc from 50:1 to 10:1 ) to afford the title compound as yellow oil (2.4g, yield 71.6 %). LC-MS 403.0 (M+H) ⁺ .

Description D185

3,4-Dibromo-5-methyl-1 -(3-methyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazole (D185)

To a solution of D184 (2.4 g, 6.0 mmol) in THF (50 mL) was added n-BuLi (4.1 mL, 6.6 mmol) with dropwise at -50 °C under N2. The mixture solution was stirred at -60 °C for 1 hr. CH3I (1 .8 g, 12.66 mmol) was added with dropwise. The reaction solution was stirred at the same temperature for another 2 hrs. Water (10 mL) was added and extracted with EtOAc

(100mLx2). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified by gel silica column chromatography (PE: EtOAc from 20:1 to 10:1 ) to afford title compound as colorless oil (1 .5 g, yield 89%). LC-MS 339.0 (M+H) ⁺ .

Description D186

3-Bromo-5-methyl-1 -(3-methyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazole (D186)

To a solution of H ₂ S0 ₄ (10 mL) and HN0 ₃ (5mL) was added D185 (2.6 g, 7.7mmol) at 0 ~ 10 °C. The reaction was stirred at 0 °C for 1 hr. The reaction solution was poured into ice-water (100 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (50 mL <3). The combined organic layer was washed with NaHC03 aqueous solution, brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified by gel silica column chromatography (PE: EtOAc from 10:1 to 5:1 ) to afford title compound as a little yellow oil (1 .0 g, yield 42%). LC-MS 304.1 (M+H) ⁺ .

Description D187

5-Methyl-1 -(3-methyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-3-ol (D187)

To a solution of D186 (1 .0 g, 3.2mmol) in H ₂ 0 (25 mL) was added KOH (3.7 g, 65.5 mmol)). The reaction was heated to 120 °C for 12 hrs. The reaction was cooled to room temperature and extracted with EtOAc (15 mL). The aqueous phase was neutralized with 2N HCI to pH=4~5 and extracted with EtOAc (25x4 mL). The combined organic layers were dried over anhydrous Na2S04, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford title compound as yellow oil (450 mg, yield 57%). LC-MS 242.3(M+H) ⁺ .

Description D188

Tert-butyl (R)-(4-((4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3-yl)oxy)butan- 2- yl)carbamate (D188)

To a solution of D36, (R)-3-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)butyl methanesulfonate (2.7 g, 10.1 mmol) and K ₂ C0 ₃ (2.3 g, 16.8 mmol) in DMF (100 mL) were stirred at 100 °C for 2hrs. The reaction mixture was poured into ice-water and extracted with EtOAc (3x200 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified by column chromatography on silica gel

(PE:EtOAc=3:1 ) to give the target product as an off-white solid. (1 .4 g, yield 45%).

Description D189 Tert-butyl (R)-(4-((5-iodo-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3-yl)ox y)butan-2-yl)carbamate (D189)

To a solution of D188 (1 .4 g, 3.6 mmol) in THF (50 mL) was added LiHMDS (10.8 mL, 1 M, 10.8 mmol) at -60 °C under N ₂ . After it was stirred at -60 °C under N ₂ for 1 hr, l ₂ (1 .1 g, 4.32 mmol) in THF (5 mL) was added at -60 °C. The mixture was stirred at -60 °C for 2hrs. The reaction mixture was poured into the sat.NH4CI (aq) and extracted with EtOAc (3x200 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over Na ₂ S0 ₄ and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified by column chromatography on silica gel

(PE:EtOAc=5:1 ) to give the target product as an off-white solid (1 .7 g, yield 85%).

Description D190

Tert-butyl (R)-(4-((4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1 H-pyrazol-3- yl)oxy)butan-2-yl)carbamate (D190)

To a mixture of D189 (1 .7 g, 3.33 mmol), methyl 2,2-difluoro-2-(fluorosulfonyl)acetate (2.56 g, 13.32 mmol) and Cul (1 .3 g, 6.66 mmol) in DMF (50 mL) was stirred at 80 °C for 6hrs under N ₂ . The reaction mixture was poured into the sat.NaCI (aq) and extracted with EtOAc (3x200 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over Na ₂ S0 ₄ and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified by column chromatography on silica gel to give the target product as an off-white solid. (1 g, yield 62.5 %).

Description D191

2-(2-Methyl-1 ,3-dioxolan-2yl)acetohydrazide (D191 ) To a solution of ethyl 2-(2-methyl-1 , 3-dioxolan-2yl)acetate (20.0 g, 1 14.8 mmol) in EtOH (100 mL) was added hydrazine(1 1.5 g, 229.6 mmol) at room temperature. The mixture was stirred at 80 °C overnight. The mixture was concentrated in vacuum to give yellow oil (20.5 g). ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.68(s, 1 H), 4.00-3.97 (m, 4H), 3.48 (s, 1 H), 2.61 (s, 2H), 1 .41 (s, 3H).

Description D192

N'-(3,3-Dimethyltetrahydro-2H^yran-4-yl)-2-(2-methyl-1 ,3-dioxolan-2- yl)acetohydrazide (D192)

To a solution of 3, 3-dimethyldihydro-2H-pyran-4(3H)-one (1.0 g, 7.81 mmol) in MeOH (5ml_) was added D191 (1 .25 g, 7.81 mmol) at room temperature. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hr. NaBI- CN (1.48 g, 23.4 mmol) was added into the mixture and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hr. The mixture was filtered and washed with solution of NH4CI, dried over Na2S0 ₄ . The organic layer was concentrated in vacuum to give yellow oil (960 mg, yield 45%).

Description D193

1 -(3,3-Dimethyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-5-methyl-1 H-pyrazol-3-ol (D193)

To a solution of D192 (1 .80 g, 6.61 mmol) in EtOH (10 mL) was added TFA (1 .51 g, 13.2 mmol) at room temperature. The mixture was stirred at 90 °C overnight. The mixture was concentrated and purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE: EtOAc from 10:1 to 2:1 ) to give the target product as a yellow oil (1 .18 g, yield 85%).

Description D194 1 -(3, 3-Dimethyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-5-methyl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-3-ol

(D194)

To a solution of D193 (500 mg, 2.38 mmol) in H ₂ S0 ₄ (5 mL) was added KN0 ₃ (720 mg, 7.14 mmol) slowly at 0 °C. The mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was poured into ice water slowly, and extracted with EtOAc (2x30mL). The combined organic layer was washed with brine and dried over Na2S0 ₄ , concentrated in vacuum to give yellow solid (450 mg, yield 74%).

Description D195

2-(3-Hydroxypropyl)isoindoline-1 ,3-dione (D195)

To a solution of isobenzofuran-1 ,3-dione (50 g, 0.337 mol) in tolune (300 mL) was added 3- aminopropan-1 -ol (25.3 g, 0.377 mol). The mixture was stirred at 120 °C overnight. The mixture was concentrated and EA was added to the residue. The mixture was poured into NaOH (1 M, 200 mL), stirred for 10 min, extracted with EA, washed with water and brine, dried over Na2S0 ₄ and evaporated to give 2-(3-hydroxypropyl)isoindoline-1 ,3-dione as a white solid. (41 g, yield: 55%). ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ) δ 7.78 (dt, J= 7.0, 3.5 Hz, 2H), 7.74-7.61 (m, 2H), 3.86-3.73 (m, 2H), 3.55 (t, J= 5.6 Hz, 2H), 2.41 (s, 1 H), 1 .82 (dt, J= 12.1 , 6.0 Hz, 2H).

Description D196

Ethyl 2-formyl-3,3-dimethylbutanoate (D196)

To a solution of ethyl 3,3-dimethylbutanoate (1.3 g, 1.0 mol) in dry THF (50 mL) was added LDA (7.5 mL) at -70 °C. The mixture solution was stirred at -70 °C for 30 min. A solution of compound ethyl formate (2.2 g, 30 mmol)m in dry THF (10 mL) was added slowly. The mixture solution was stirred at -70 °C for 2 hrs and raise to room temperature overnight. The mixture was poured into NH4CI(sat.) and extracted with CH2CI2 (50 mL <3). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over Na2SC>4, concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was used to next step without purification.

Description D197

5-(tert-Butyl)-2-mercaptopyrimidin

To a solution of D196 (1 .7 g, crude) in dry H2O (50 mL) was added thiourea (2.2 g, 30 mmol) at room temperature. The mixture solution was refluxed for 2 hrs. The reaction solution was cooled to rt and adjust PH = 2 with HCI (6 M). The solid was collected and used in next step without purification. LC-MS: 185.2 (M+H) ⁺ . ¹ HNMR (400 MHz, DMSO-de): δ 12.29 (s, 1 H), 12.15 (s, 1 H), 6.99 (d, J= 5.6 Hz, 1 H), 1.19 (s, 9H).

Description D198

5-(tert-Butyl)pyrimidine-2,4-diol (D198)

To a solution of D197 (1 .7 g, 9.24 mmol) in HCI (50 mL, 6M) was added 2-chloroacetic acid (2.62 g, 27.7 mmol) at room temperature. The mixture solution was refluxed for 48 hrs. The reaction solution was cooled to rt, filtered and washed with water to give the title compound as a white solid. LC-MS: 169.2 (M+H) ⁺ . ¹ HNMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ): δ 10.88 (s, 1 H), 10.58 (s, 1 H), 6.98 (d, J= 5.0 Hz, 1 H), 1.18 (s, 9H). Description D199

5-(tert-Butyl)-2,4-dichloropyrimidine (D199)

To a solution of D198 (1 .1 g, 6.57 mmol) in toluene (50 mL) was added POCI ₃ (3.0 g, 19.6 mmol) and DIEA (2.08 g, 16.35 mmol) at room temperature. The mixture solution was refluxed overnight. The reaction solution was poured into ice-water and extracted with EtOAc (50 ml <3). The combined organic layer was washed with NaHCC>3(sat.), brine, dried over Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated in vacuo. The crude product was purified by FCC (PE) to give the product as colorless oil. LC-MS: 205.2 (M+H) ⁺ . ¹ HNMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 8.58 (s, 1 H), 1 .49 (s, 9H).

Description D200

3-(Trifluoromethyl)dihydro-2H-pyran-4(3H)-one (D200) To a solution of dihydro-2H-pyran-4(3H)-one (1 .0 g, 10.0 mmol) and pyrrolidine (0.71 g, 10.0 mmol) in THF (20 mL) was added DMAP (1.46 g, 12.0 mmol) at room temperature. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. Then 5- (trifluoromethyl)

dibenzothiophen-ium trifluoromethanesulfonate (4.97 g, 12.0 mmol) was added into the mixture. The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. TLC showed the reaction was completed. The mixture was concentrated in vacuum to give yellow oil. (500 mg, yield 29%)

Description D201

2-(2-Methyl-1 ,3-dioxolan-2-yl)-N'-(3-(trifluoromethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran -4- yl)acetohydrazide (D201 )

To a solution of D200 (500 mg, 2.98 mmol) in MeOH (40ml_) was added D191 (550 mg,3.27 mmol) at room temperature. The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight.

NaBHsCN (938.7 mg, 14.9 mmol) and AcOH (18.0 mg, 0.30 mmol) was added into the mixture and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 h. The mixture was filtered and washed with solution of NH4CI and brine, extracted with EA (3x20ml_), and dried over Na2S0 ₄ . The solvent was concentrated in vacuum to give yellow oil. (220 mg, yield 23%)

Description D202 5-Methyl-1 -(3-(trifluoromethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3-ol (D202)

To a solution of D201 (220 mg, 0.70 mmol) in EtOH (5 mL) was added TFA (159.6 mg, 1.40 mmol) at room temperature. The mixture was stirred at 90 °C overnight. The mixture was concentrated and purified by column chromatography on silica gel (PE:EtOAc from 5:1 to 2:1 ) to give the target product as an yellow oil. (130 g, yield 74%).

Description D203

5-Methyl-4-nitro-1 -(3-(trifluoromethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3-ol (D203)

To a solution of D202 (130 mg, 0.52 mmol) in H ₂ S0 ₄ (5 mL) was added KN0 ₃ (63 mg, 0.62 mmol) slowly at 0 °C. The mixture was stirred at 0 °C for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was poured into ice water slowly, and extracted with EtOAc (2x20ml_). The combined organic layer was washed with brine and dried over Na2SC>4, concentrated in vacuum to give yellow solid. (140 mg, yield 90%)

Example E1

14-Chloro-4-methyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaaz atricyclo [11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ] heptadeca -1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (E1)

To a solution of D9 (121 mg, 0.30 mmol) in / ^' -PrOH (5 mL) was added HCI (0.03 mL, 0.3 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 100 °C for 16 hrs. The reaction mixture was concentrated and the residue was diluted with EtOAc (20mL) and washed with saturated NaHC03 aqueous solution (20 mL). Then the organic layer was concentrated and the residue was purified by prep-HPLC to give the title compound as a white solid (29 mg, yield 26.4%). LC- MS: 367.5[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 6.26 (s, 1 H), 5.55 (s, 1 H), 4.40 (br, 2H), 4.12-4.10 (m, 3H), 3.48-3.36 (m, 4H), 2.29-2.21 (m, 5H), 1 .92 (br, 2H), 1.80-1.74 (m, 2H).

Example E2

14-Chloro-10-methoxy-4-methyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,1 2,16,17-hexaazatricyclo

[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (E2)

To a solution of D16 (120 mg, 0.26 mmol) in EtOH (20 mL) was added Fe (72 mg). Then a solution of NH4CI (68.9 mg) in H2O (2 mL) was added. The reaction was stirred at 100 °C overnight. The mixture was filtered and the filter cake was washed with EtOH(2x50 mL). The combined filtrate was concentrated to give the title compound as white solid (40 mg, yield 38.9%). LC-MS: 395.3[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 7.85 (s, 1 H), 6.07 (s, 1 H), 5.68 (br, 1 H), 4.50 (d, J= 7.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.34-4.29 (m, 1 H), 4.12-4.06 (m, 3H), 3.90 (d, J= 2.0 Hz, 1 H), 3.52 (t, J= 1 1 .6 Hz, 2H), 3.40 (s, 3H), 3.36-3.27 (m, 2H), 2.32-2.20 (m, 5H), 1.81 -1.75 (m, 2H).

Examples E3 and E4

Enantiomer 1 -2: 14-chloro-10-methoxy-4-methyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,1 6,17- hexaazatricyclo [11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (E3-E4)

E3-E4

The title compounds E3 (1 1 mg) and E4 (6 mg) were obtained as white solids from chiral separation of E2 (27 mg)(chiral method A).

E3: LC-MS: 395.4[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.75 (s, 1 H), 6.57 (s, 1 H), 5.73 (br, 1 H), 4.44-4.21 (m, 2H), 4.05-3.98 (m, 3H), 3.87-3.81 (m, 1 H), 3.47-3.41 (m, 2H), 3.35 (s, 3H), 3.29-3.21 (m, 2H), 2.25-2.14 (m, 5H), 1 .75-1 .68 (m, 2H). Chiral RT= 4.48 min; ee% = 100%.

E4: LC-MS: 395.4[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 7.83 (s, 1 H), 6.67 (s, 1 H), 5.79 (br, 1 H), 4.51 -4.28 (m, 2H), 4.12-3.06 (m, 3H), 3.94-3.88 (m, 1 H), 3.54-3.48 (m, 2H), 3.42 (s, 3H), 3.36-3.28 (m, 2H), 2.31 -2.19 (m, 5H), 1 .82-1 .75 (m, 2H). Chiral RT= 5.41 min; ee% = 100%.

Example E5

14-Chloro-4,11 -dimethyl -5-(oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2, 5, 6,12,16, 17-hexaazatricyclo

[11.3.1.0 ³ , ⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (E5)

To a solution of D19 (250 mg, 0.56 mmol) in EtOH (20 mL) and H ₂ 0 (4 mL) were added Fe (157 mg, 2.8 mmol) and NH ₄ CI (150 mg, 3.8 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 100 °C overnight. The mixture was poured into water and extracted with EtOAc(3 <50 mL). The organic layer was concentrated. The crude was washed with CH3CN to give the title compound as a white solid (97 mg, yield 46.0%). LC-MS: 379.5[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): 5 7.79 (s, 1 H), 6.62 (s, 1 H), 5.25-5.23 (m, 1 H), 4.50-4.47 (m, 1 H), 4.37-4.30 (m, 1 H), 4.12-4.04 (m, 4H), 3.54-3.48 (m, 2H), 2.32-2.18 (m, 5H), 1.99-1.75 (m, 4H), 1.33 (d, J= 6.4 Hz, 3H).

Examples E6 and E7

(11 4-Chloro-4 ,11 -dimethyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16, 17-hexaazatricyclo

[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (E6)

(11 S)-14-Chloro-4,11 -dimethyl -5-(oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo

[11.3.1.0 ³ ' ⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (E7)

E6 E7

The title compounds E6 (141 mg) and E7 (148 mg) were obtained as white solid from chiral separation of E5 (410 mg, chiral method A).

E6: LC-MS: 379.5[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 7.82 (s, 1 H), 6.10 (s, 1 H), 5.14- 5.12 (m, 1 H), 4.50-4.47 (m, 1 H), 4.37-4.31 (m, 1 H), 4.12-4.01 (m, 4H), 3.54-3.48 (m, 2H), 2.33-2.21 (m, 5H), 1 .89-1 .66 (m, 4H), 1 .31 -1 .25 (m, 3H). Chiral RT=4.84 min; ee= 100%.

E7: LC-MS: 379.5[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.82 (s, 1 H), 6.06 (s, 1 H), 5.13-5.1 1 (m, 1 H), 4.50-4.37 (m, 2H), 4.12-4.00 (m, 4H), 3.54-3.48 (m, 2H), 2.33-2.20 (m, 5H), 1 .89-1 .66 (m, 4H), 1 .33-1 .25 (m, 3H). Chiral RT= 6.02 min; ee= 98.5%.

Examples E8 and E9

14-Chloro-4-methyl-5-(oxan-3-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaaz atricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ] heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17), 14-pentaene (E8)

14-Chloro-5-(oxan-3-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca- 1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (E9)

To a solution of D28 and D29 (500 mg, 1.1 mmol) in EtOH (10 mL) was added Fe (325 mg, 5.5 mmol) and a solution of NH4CI (58 mg, 1 .1 mmol) in H2O (1 mL). The reaction was stirred overnight at 100 °C. The mixture was filtered and the filtrate was diluted with H2O (50 mL). The mixture was extracted with EtOAc (60 mL). The organic layer was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated. The crude was washed with CH3CN and hexane to give the title compounds E8 (50 mg, yield 13.0%) and E9 (41 mg, yield 10.6%) as white solid.

E8: LC-MS: 365.5[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-de): δ 8.29 (s, 1 H), 7.75 (s, 1 H), 7.29(br, 1 H), 4.18 (br, 2H), 4.04 (m, 1 H), 3.83 (m, 2H), 3.48-3.30 (m, 2H), 2.14 (s, 3H), 2.02-1 .93 (m, 3H), 1 .70 (m, 5H).

E9: LC-MS: 351.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 7.82 (s, 1 H), 7.21 (s, 1 H), 6.30 (br, 1 H), 5.55 (br, 1 H), 4.38 (m, 2H), 4.10-4.04 (m, 2H), 3.88-3.85 (m, 1 H), 3.68-3.63 (m, 1 H), 3.54-3.49 (m, 3H), 2.18-2.03 (m, 2H), 1.95-1.93 (m, 2H),1.82-1.71 (m, 2H)

Examples E10 and E11

Enantiomers 1 -2: 14-Chloro-4-methyl-5-(oxan-3-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaaz a tricyclo-[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ] heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (E10 and 11 )

The title compounds E10 (7.8 mg) and E11 (9.6 mg) were obtained as off-white solids from chiral separation of E8 (chiral method A).

E10: LC-MS: 365.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.80 (s, 1 H), 6.36 (s, 1 H), 5.58- 5.55 (m, 1 H), 4.39-4.37 (m, 2H), 4.07-4.00 (m, 1 H), 3.96-3.93 (m, 2H), 3.71 -3.66 (m, 1 H), 3.54-3.46 (m, 2H), 3.45-3.40 (m 1 H), 2.25-2.17 (m, 3H), 2.06-2.03 (m, 1 H), 1.94-1 .90 (m, 2H), 1 .89-1.80 (m, 3H). Chiral RT= 2.885 min; ee= 100%.

E11 : LC-MS: 365.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 6.43 (s, 1 H),

5.58-5.55 (m, 1 H), 4.39-4.37 (m, 2H), 4.07-4.01 (m, 1 H), 3.96-3.93 (m, 2H), 3.71 -3.66 (m, 1 H), 3.53-3.49 (m, 2H), 3.46-3.40 (m 1 H), 2.25-2.17 (m, 3H), 2.06-2.03 (m, 1 H), 1.91 (m, 2H), 1 .83-1.80 (m, 3H). Chiral RT= 5.694 min; ee= 100%.

Example E12 14-Chloro-4-methyl-5-(oxetan-3-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ] heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (E12)

To a solution of D34 (49 mg, 0.122 mmol) in EtOH/H ₂ 0 (20 mL/2ml_) were added Fe (35 mg, 0.627 mmol) and NH4CI (52 mg, 0.972 mmol). The reaction was stirred overnight under argon at 100 °C. The hot mixture was filtered through a pad of Celite and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was dissolved in EtOAc (20 ml_), washed with brine (10 ml_), dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ , filtered and concentrated. The crude was purified by prep- TLC (CH2CI2: MeOH=15: 1 ) to give a yellow solid. The solid was suspended in PE (5 mL) and Et.20 (a few drops). The resultant was sonicated, filtered and the filter cake was dried under infrared lamp, collected to give the title compound as pale yellow solid (16 mg, yield 39%). LC-MS: 337.1 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.82 (s, 1 H), 6.31 (br, 1 H), 5.59 (t, J= 5.8 Hz, 1 H), 5.32-5.25 (m, 1 H), 5.19 (t, J= 6.4 Hz, 2H), 4.91 (t, J= 6.8 Hz, 2H), 4.47 (t, J= 4.8 Hz, 2H), 3.53 (dd, J= 10.8, 6.0 Hz, 2H), 2.16 (s, 3H), 1 .94 (t, J= 4.4 Hz, 2H).

Example E13

4,14-Dichloro-5-(oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ] heptadeca- 1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E13)

To a solution of D41 (60 mg, 0.14 mmol) in / ^' -PrOH (5 mL) was added conc.HCI (0.012 mL, 0.14 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 80 °C for 6 hrs. The mixture was concentrated and the residue was diluted with EtOAc (20 mL). The mixture was washed with water (20 mL). The combined organic layer was dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated in vacuo. The crude was washed with CH3CN and hexane to give the title compound as an off-white solid (23 mg, yield 42%). LC-MS: 385.1 [M+H] ⁺ . Ή NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.85 (s, 1 H), 6.25 (s, 1 H), 5.57 (s, 1 H), 4.39-4.30 (m, 3H), 4.12-4.08 (m, 2H), 3.55-3.49 (m, 4H), 2.29-2.19 (m, 2H), 1 .96-1 .94 (m, 2H), 1 .85-1 .82 (m, 2H).

Examples E14 and E15 14-Chloro-5-(oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca- 1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene-4-carbonitrile (E14)

4-Chloro-5-(oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca- 1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene-14-carbonitrile (E15)

E14 E15

A mixture of E13 (1 10 mg, 0.29 mmol), Pd ₂ (dba) ₃ (28 mg, 0.03 mmol), Ru-phos (14 mg, 0.03 mmol) and Zn(CN)2 (103 mg, 0.87 mmol) in dioxane (5 mL) was stirred at 100 °C for 2 hrs under microwave. The reaction was poured into ice water (30 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2x20 mL). The combined organic layer were dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and

concentrated. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC to give the title compounds E14 as an off-white solid (2 mg, yield 2%) and E15 as white solid (4 mg, yield 3%).

E14: LC-MS: 376.1 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 7.89 (s, 1 H), 6.71 (br, 1 H), 5.64 (br, 1 H), 4.38-4.34 (m, 3H), 4.14-4.10 (m, 2H), 3.56-3.50 (m, 4H), 2.28-2.23 (m, 2H), 1 .96- 1 .92 (m, 4H).

E15: LC-MS: 376.1 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 8.18 (s, 1 H), 6.69 (br, 1 H), 5.77 (br, 1 H), 4.38-4.34 (m, 3H), 4.13-4.10 (m, 2H), 3.59-3.50 (m, 4H), 2.26-2.23 (m, 2H), 1 .98- 1 .97 (m, 2H), 1 .86-1 .82 (m, 2H).

Example E16

14-Chloro-10-fluoro-4-methyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12 ,16,17-hexaazatricyclo

[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (E16)

To a solution of D44 (50 mg, 0.1 19 mmol) in / ^' -PrOH (3 mL) was added p-TsOH (22.68 mg, 0.1 19 mmol) at 25 °C. The reaction was stirred at 125 °C for 1 .5 hrs under microwave. The mixture was filtered and the solution was concentrated. The crude was purified by MDAP (base condition) to give the title compound as white solid (40 mg, 88 % yield). LC-MS:

383.1 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ): δ 8.46 (s, 1 H), 7.84 (s, 1 H), 7.81 (t, J= 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.54-4.14 (m, 4H), 4.03-3.87 (m, 2H), 3.82-3.63 (m, 1 H), 3.51 -3.39 (m, 2H),

3.30-3.23 (m, 1 H), 2.17 (s, 3H), 2.06-1 .85 (m, 2H), 1 .79-1 .64 (m, 2H).

Examples E17 and E18

Enantiomers 1 -2: 14-Chloro-10-fluoro-4-methyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17- hexaazatricyclo [11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E17-E18)

E17-E18

The title compounds E17 (1 1 mg, yield 27.5%) and E18 (1 1 mg, yield 27.5%) were prepared from chiral-HPLC seperation of E16 (chiral method B).

E17: LC-MS: 383.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (600MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ): δ 8.45 (s, 1 H), 7.84 (s, 1 H), 7.80 (t, J= 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.51 -4.30 (m, 3H), 4.26-4.16 (m, 1 H), 4.02-3.86 (m, 2H), 3.81 -3.68 (m, 1 H), 3.45 (t, J= 12.0 Hz, 2H), 3.37 (dd, J=6.0, 15.2 Hz, 1 H), 2.17 (s, 3H), 2.05-1.88 (m, 2H), 1.80-1.62 (m, 2H). Chiral RT=2.499 min; ee= 100%.

E18: LC-MS: 383.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (600MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ): δ 8.45 (s, 1 H), 7.84 (s, 1 H), 7.80 (t, J= 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.49-4.31 (m, 3H), 4.28-4.16 (m, 1 H), 4.00-3.90 (m, 2H), 3.80-3.65 (m, 1 H), 3.45 (t, J= 12.0 Hz, 2H), 3.40-3.35 (m, 1 H), 2.17 (s, 3H), 2.06-1 .88 (m, 2H), 1.80-1.64 (m, 2H). Chiral RT=2.865 min; ee= 99.3%.

Examples E19 and E20

Enantiomers 1 -2: 14-chloro-11 -ethyl-4-methyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17- hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³ , ⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E19-E20)

To a solution of D47 (230 mg, 0.501 mmol) in EtOH (28 mL) were added Fe (224 mg, 4.0 mmol) and a solution of NH ₄ CI (267 mg, 5.0 mmol) in H2O (3 mL). The reaction was stirred at 1 10 °C for 16 hrs. The mixture was filtered and the filter cake was washed with CH3CN. The filtrate was concentrated and the crude was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel(CH2C : MeOH = 60:1 to 30:1 ) to afford the racemic mixture. The solid was further separated by chiral-HPLC (chiral method B) to give the title compounds E19 (34 mg) as off- white solid and E20 (33 mg) as light yellow solid.

E19: LC-MS: 393.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-de): δ 8.29 (s, 1 H), 7.78 (s, 1 H), 6.74 (d, J= 7.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.30-4.1 1 (m, 3H), 3.96-3.91 (m, 2H), 3.60-3.56 (m, 1 H), 3.43 (t, J= 1 1.8 Hz, 2H), 2.15 (s, 3H), 2.02-1.88 (m, 2H), 1.76-1.65 (m, 4H), 1.58-1.51 (m, 2H), 0.85 (t, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT=2.179 min; ee= 100%.

E20: LC-MS: 393.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ): δ 8.29 (s, 1 H), 7.78 (s, 1 H), 6.74 (d, J= 7.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.30-4.1 1 (m, 3H), 3.96-3.91 (m, 2H), 3.60-3.56 (m, 1 H), 3.43 (t, J= 12.0 Hz, 2H), 2.15 (s, 3H), 2.02-1 .88 (m, 2H), 1 .76-1 .65 (m, 4H), 1 .58-1 .51 (m, 2H), 0.85 (t, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT=2.925 min; ee=100%.

Examples E21 -E28

Enantiomers 1 -8: 14-chloro-5-(3-fluorooxan-4-yl)-4,11 -dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17- hexaazatricyclo [11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1(17),3,6,13,15-pentaene (E21 -E28)

To a solution of D53 (330 mg, 0.71 mmol) in EtOH (10 mL) were added Fe (300 mg, 5.35 mmol) and a solution of NH ₄ CI (1 .2 g, 19 mmol) in H2O (2 mL). The reaction was stirred at 100 °C for 10 hrs. The crude was extracted with DCM(100 mL) and H ₂ 0 (50 mL). The organic layer was concentrated to give white solid (260 mg, 92% yield) which was further separated by chiral-HPLC (chiral method A and C) to give the title compounds E21-E28 as white solids.

E21 : 12 mg. LC-MS: 397.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ 7.73 (s, 1 H), 4.79-4.71 (m, 1 H), 4.63-4.27 (m, 5H), 4.17 (q, J= 7.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.09-4.01 (m, 1 H), 3.95- 3.91 (m, 1 H), 2.40-2.26 (m, 2H), 2.22 (s, 3H), 1 .87-1 .67 (m, 2H), 1 .29 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, CD3OD): δ -195.56 (s, 1 F). Chiral RT=2.92 min (chiral method A); ee =100%.

E22: 12 mg. LC-MS: 397.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.73 (s, 1 H), 4.82-4.61 (m, 1 H), 4.45-4.25 (m, 3H), 4.17 (dd, J= 5.2, 10.8 Hz, 1 H), 4.06-3.90 (m, 2H), 3.55 (t, J= 1 1.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.39 (dt, J= 3.6, 10.8 Hz, 1 H), 2.37 (dq, J= 4.8, 12.6 Hz, 1 H), 2.23 (s, 3H), 1.99 (d, J= 13.2 Hz, 1 H), 1 .87-1 .65 (m, 2H), 1.29 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ -195.56 (s, 1 F). Chiral RT=3.252 min (chiral method A); ee =99.5%; E23: 13 mg. LC-MS: 397.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): 57.73 (s, 1H), 4.79-4.68 (m, 1H), 4.61-4.28 (m, 4H), 4.27-4.13 (m, 2H), 4.05 (q, J= 7.6 Hz, 1H), 3.99-3.89 (m, 1H), 2.53-2.30 (m, 2H), 2.21 (s, 3H), 1.87-1.66 (m, 2H), 1.29 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376MHz, CDsOD): 5-232.35 (s, 1F). Chiral RT=3.720 min (chiral method A); ee =100%; E24: 12 mg. LC-MS: 397.1[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): 57.73 (s, 1H), 4.81-4.74 (m, 1H), 4.47-4.28 (m, 3H), 4.19 (dd, J= 5.2, 10.8 Hz, 1H), 4.05-3.87 (m, 2H), 3.54 (t, J= 11.2 Hz, 1H), 3.41 (dt, J= 3.6, 10.8 Hz, 1H), 2.33-2.17 (m, 4H), 1.99-1.65 (m, 3H), 1.31 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (377MHz, CD ₃ OD): 5 -195.18 (s, 1 F). Chiral RT=3.887 min (method A), 2.195 min (method C); ee =99.1%;

E25: 11 mg. LC-MS: 397.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): 57.73 (s, 1 H), 4.79-4.70 (m, 1H), 4.64-4.27 (m, 5H), 4.21-4.12 (m, 1H), 4.09-4.00 (m, 1H), 3.98-3.85 (m, 1H), 2.40-2.27 (m, 2H), 2.22 (s, 3H), 1.86-1.70 (m, 2H), 1.29 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376MHz, CD3OD): 5-232.14 (s, 1F). Chiral RT=3.887 min (method A), 2.606 min (method C); ee =99.1%;

E26: 16 mg. LC-MS: 397.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ 7.74 (s, 1H), 4.82-4.72 (m, 1H), 4.48-4.25 (m, 3H), 4.19 (dd, J= 5.2, 10.8 Hz, 1H), 3.98 (dd, J= 3.2, 7.6 Hz, 2H), 3.54 (t, J= 11.2 Hz, 1H), 3.41 (dt, J= 3.6, 10.8 Hz, 1H), 2.36-2.17 (m, 4H), 1.99-1.70 (m, 3H), 1.31 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376MHz, CD3OD): δ -195.18 (s, 1F). Chiral RT =4.794 min (chiral method A); ee% =100%.

E27: 13 mg. LC-MS: 397.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ 7.74 (s, 1H), 4.79-4.71 (m, 1H), 4.62-4.28 (m, 4H), 4.27-4.12 (m, 2H), 4.06 (q, J= 7.6 Hz, 1H), 4.00-3.84 (m, 1H), 2.52-2.30 (m, 2H), 2.22 (s, 3H), 1.87-1.67 (m, 2H), 1.30 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, CD3OD): δ -232.35 (s, 1F). Chiral RT =5.616 min (chiral method A); ee% =97.5%.

E28: 11 mg. LC-MS: 397.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ 7.73 (s, 1H), 4.81-4.61 (m, 1 H), 4.45-4.26 (m, 3H), 4.17 (dd, J= 5.2, 10.8 Hz, 1 H), 4.05-3.87 (m, 2H), 3.55 (t, J= 11.2 Hz, 1H), 3.39 (dt, J= 3.6, 10.8 Hz, 1H), 2.37 (dq, J= 4.8, 12.6 Hz, 1H), 2.23 (s, 3H), 2.05-1.94 (m, 1 H), 1.86-1.69 (m, 2H), 1.29 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, CD ₃ OD): 5-195.56 (s, 1F). Chiral RT= 6.330 min (chiral method A); ee% =100%.

Examples E29 and E30

Enantiomers 1-2: 14-bromo-4,11-dimethyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-he xaaza tricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ]heptadeca-1(16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (E29-E30)

To a solution of D56 (280 mg, 0.6 mmol) in EtOH (50 mL) were added Fe (168 mg, 3 mmol) and a solution of NH4CI (160.4 mg, 3 mmol) in H2O (5 mL). The reaction was stirred overnight at 100°C. The mixture was filtered and the filter cake was washed with MeOH (3x100 mL). The combined filtrate was concentrated and the residue was poured into the sat.NaHCO3.The mixture was then extracted with EtOAc (3x100 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated to give the racemic product (230 mg, yield 95%). The solid was further separated by chiral-HPLC (chiral method B) to give the title compounds E29 (70 mg) and E30 (69 mg) as off-white solids. E29: LC-MS: 423.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ 7.82 (s, 1 H), 4.41 -4.33 (m, 1 H), 4.30-4.23 (m, 2H), 4.06-4.02 (m, 2H), 3.94-3.93 (m, 1 H), 3.59-3.53 (m, 2H), 2.22-2.10 (m, 5H), 1 .83-1 .72 (m, 4H), 1.30-1.28 (d, J= 7.6Hz, 3H). Chiral RT=2.336 min; ee =100%;

E30: LC-MS: 423.1 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ 7.82 (s, 1 H), 4.41 -4.38 (m, 1 H), 4.32-4.23 (m, 2H), 4.06-4.03 (m, 2H), 3.95-3.93 (m, 1 H), 3.59-3.53 (m, 2H), 2.25-2.10 (m, 5H), 1 .83-1 .74 (m, 4H), 1.30-1.28 (m, 3H). Chiral RT=3.056 min; ee =100%;

Examples E31 , E32, E33 and E34

Enantiomers 1 -4: 14-chloro-4,10,11 -trimethyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17- hexaazatricyclo [11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (E31 -E34)

A mixture of D63 (220 mg, 0.48 mmol), NH ₄ CI (220 mg) and Fe (220 mg) in EtOH/H ₂ 0 (20 mL/5 mL) was stirred was 100 °C for 16 hrs. Then aq.NaHCC>3 (5 mL) was added dropwise The mixture was filtered and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was diluted with CH2CI2 (30 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ , filtered and concentrated. The crude was washed with CH3CN to give the racemic product (180 mg, yield 96%)as an off-white solid, which was chiral separated (chiral method A) to give the title compounds E31-E34.

E31 : pink solid, 34 mg. LC-MS: 393.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 6.07 (br, 1 H), 4.84 (br, 1 H), 4.32-4.26 (m, 3H), 4.12-4.04 (m, 3H), 3.53-3.47 (m, 2H), 2.33-2.19 (m, 5H), 1 .91 (br, 1 H), 1 .81 -1 .73 (m, 2H), 1.30 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H), 0.82 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT=1 .596 min; ee =100%.

E32: pink solid, 28 mg. LC-MS: 393.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.82 (s, 1 H), 6.09 (br, 1 H), 5.15 (br, 1 H), 4.31 -4.25 (m, 2H), 4.23-4.03 (m, 4H), 3.53-3.47 (m, 2H), 2.34-2.20 (m, 5H), 2.08-2.02 (m, 1 H), 1.83-1.74 (m, 2H), 1.18 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H), 0.93 (d, J= 7.6 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT=2.159 min; ee =100%.

E33: white solid, 32 mg. LC-MS: 393.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 6.07 (br, 1 H), 4.84 (br, 1 H), 4.32-4.26 (m, 3H), 4.12-4.04 (m, 3H), 3.53-3.47 (m, 2H), 2.33-2.19 (m, 5H), 1 .91 (s, 1 H), 1 .81 -1 .73 (m, 2H), 1 .30 (d, 3H, J= 7.2 Hz), 0.82 (d, 3H, J= 7.2 Hz). Chiral RT=3.877 min; ee =100%.

E34: white solid, 30 mg. LC-MS: 393.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.83 (s, 1 H), 6.00 (br, 1 H), 5.15 (br, 1 H), 4.29-4.29 (m, 2H), 4.13-4.07 (m, 4H), 3.54-3.47 (m, 2H), 2.28-2.01 (m, 5H), 2.04 (br, 1 H), 1.78-1.77 (m, 2H), 1.75 (d, J= 7.6 Hz, 3H), 0.93 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT=8.91 1 min; ee =100%.

Examples E35 and E36

Enantiomers 1 -2: 14-chloro-11 -(methoxymethyl)-4-methyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6, 12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo-[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E35-E36)

E35-E36 To a solution of D68 (247 mg, 0.520 mmol) in EtOH/H ₂ 0 (80 mL/20 mL) were added Fe (146 mg, 2.61 mmol) and NH ₄ CI (139 mg, 2.60 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 105 °C for 16 hrs. Aq. Na2C0 ₃ was added and the mixture was filtred. The filter cake was washed with CH2CI2/ MeOH=20:1 and the filtrate was concentrated.. The residue was dissolved in DCM and filtred. The filtrate was concentrated to give the racemic product (180 mg, yield 61 %). The title compounds E35 (62 mg) and E36 (77 mg) were prepared from chiral separation (chiral method A) as white solids.

E35: LC-MS: 409.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): 5 7.82 (s, 1 H), 6.17 (s, 1 H), 5.68 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.50-4.47 (m, 1 H), 4.33 (t, J= 1 1.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.12-4.04 (m, 4H), 3.54-3.45 (m, 4H), 3.41 (s, 3H), 2.31 -2.20 (m, 2H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 2.07-2.01 (m, 1 H), 1.82-1.75 (m, 3H). Chiral RT=3.129 min; ee =100%; E36: LC-MS: 409.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 7.82 (s, 1 H), 6.14 (s, 1 H), 5.69 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.49 (dd, J= 1 1 .2, 3.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.33 (t, J= 1 1 .2 Hz, 1 H), 4.12-4.04 (m, 4H), 3.54-3.45 (m, 4H), 3.41 (s, 3H), 2.31 -2.20 (m, 2H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 2.07-2.01 (m, 1 H), 1.83- 1 .74 (m, 3H). Chiral RT=12.099 min; ee =100%;

Examples E37 and E38

Enantiomers 1 -2: Ethyl 2-{14-chloro-4,11 -dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17- hexaazatricyclo [11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaen-5-yl}-2- methylpropanoate (E37-E38)

To a solution of D74 (750 mg) and Fe (750 mg) in 95% EtOH (60 mL) was added NH ₄ CI (1 .6 g). The reaction was heated to 90 °C and stirred overnight. The mixture was filtred and the filtrate was concentrated, give the racemic product (700 mg, crude). The title compounds E37 (8 mg) and E38 (4 mg) were prepared from chiral separation of racemic compound (52 mg) (Chiral method D) as white solids.

E37: LC-MS: 409.3[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.76 (s, 1 H), 7.17 (br, 1 H), 5.39 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 1 H), 4.47 (dd, J= 2.4, 1 1.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.37-4.28 (m, 1 H), 4.23 (q, J= 6.8 Hz, 2H), 4.14-3.92 (m, 1 H), 2.13 (s, 3H), 1 .92-1.91 (m, 2H), 1.76 (s, 3H), 1.75 (s, 3H), 1.35 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H), 1 .27 (t, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT=2.41 min; ee =100%.

E38: LC-MS: 409.3[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCb): δ 7.75 (s, 1 H), 7.31 (br, 1 H), 5.42 (d, J= 6.4 Hz, 1 H), 4.55-4.41 (m, 1 H), 4.38-4.28 (m, 1 H), 4.23 (q, J= 6.8 Hz, 2H), 4.09 (m, 1 H), 2.13 (s, 3H), 1 .92-1 .91 (m, 2H), 1.76 (s, 3H), 1.75 (s, 3H), 1.35 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H), 1 .27 (t, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT=10.99 min; ee =100%.

Examples E39 and E40

Enantiomers 1 -2: 2-{14-chloro-4,11 -dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo [11. 3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaen-5-yl}-2-methylpropanoic acid (E39-E40)

To a solution of ethyl 2-{14-chloro-4,1 1 -dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo

[1 1 .3.1.0 ³ ' ⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (16) _! 3 _! 6 _! 13(17),14-pentaen-5-yl}-2-methylpropanoate (600 mg) in 95% EtOH (50 mL) was added LiOH H ₂ 0 (200 mg). The reaction was heated to 50 °C and stirred for 5 hrs. 1 M HCI solution (5 mL) was added and the solid formed was filtered, dried to give the racemic product (600 mg, crude), which (120 mg) was chiral separated (Chiral method E) to give the title compounds E39 (8 mg) and E40 (8 mg) as white solids.

E39: LC-MS: 381.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 10.16 (s, 1 H), 8.01 (s, 1 H), 7.69 (s, 1 H), 6.04 (s, 1 H), 4.47 (m, 1 H), 4.27-4.10 (m, 2H), 2.17 (s, 3H), 2.00-1.92 (m, 2H), 1.80 (s, 3H) , 1 .79 (s, 3H) 1 .41 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT=5.59 min; ee =100%.

E40: LC-MS: 381.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 8.02 (s, 1 H), 7.07 (s, 1 H), 6.06 (s, 1 H), 4.45 (m, 1 H), 4.25-4.09 (m, 2H), 2.17 (s, 3H), 2.02-1 .92 (m, 2H), 1.80 (s, 3H) , 1 .79 (s, 3H), 1.41 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT=6.65 min; ee =100%.

Examples E41 and E42

Enantiomers 1 -2: 2-{14-chloro-4,11 -dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo

[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaen-5-yl}-2-methylpropanamide (E41 - E42)

To a solution of 2-{14-chloro-4,1 1 -dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo [1 1.

3.1 .0 ³ ' ⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaen-5-yl}-2-methylpropanoic acid (200 mg, 0.52 mmol) in DMF (20 mL) was added TBTU (202 mg, 0.62 mmol) and Et ₃ N (127 mg, 1.25 mmol). After stirred at room temperature for 20 min, 7 M NH3/THF solution (2 mL) was added and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for another 3 hrs. The mixture was then diluted water (100 mL), extracted with EtOAc (2x100 mL), dried over Na2S0 ₄ , filtered and concentracted to get the racemic product (120 mg, crude). The title compound E41 (3.1 mgand E42 (3.1 mg) were obtained as white solids by chiral separation of the racemic product (40mg) (chiral method D).

E41 : LC-MS: 380.3[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.78 (s, 1 H), 7.55-7.37 (m, 1 H), 5.46 (br, 2H), 5.36 (br, 1 H), 4.63-4.26 (m, 2H), 4.15- 3.91 (m, 1 H), 2.26 (s, 3H), 1.99-1.86 (m, 2H), 1 .80 (s, 3H), 1 .79 (s, 3H), 1.38 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 2H). Chiral RT =5.79 min; ee =100%. E42: LC-MS: 380.3[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H N MR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 8.18 (s, 1 H), 7.75 (br, 1 H), 5.65 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 5.48 (br, 1 H), 5.34 (br, 1 H), 4.59-4.21 (m, 2H), 4.16-3.89 (m, 1 H), 2.27 (s, 3H), 1 .97-1 .85 (m, 2H), 1.80 (s, 3H), 1.78 (s, 3H), 1 .40 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT =8.06 min; ee =100%.

Examples E43 and E44

Enantiomers 1 -2: 2-{14-chloro-4,11 -dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo

[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaen-5-yl}-2-methylpropanenitrile (E43- E44)

E43-E44

To a solution of 2-{14-chloro-4,1 1 -dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo [1 1.3. 1 .0 ³ ' ⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaen-5-yl}-2-methylpropanamide (80 mg, 0.22 mmol) in DCM (20 mL) was added Et ₃ N (106 mg, 1 .05 mmol). After stirring at 0 °C for 10 min, TFAA (1 10 mg, 0.57 mmol) was added drop wise and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hrs. The mixture was diluted with NaHCC>3 solution (80 mL). The organic layer was dried and concentracted to get the racemic product (70 mg, crude). The title compound E43 (18 mg) and E44 (14 mg) were obtained as white solids by chiral separation of the racemic product (chiral method A).

E43: LC-MS: 362.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCb): 7.79 (s, 1 H), 7.03 (br, 1 H), 5.35 (br, 1 H), 4.52-4.22 (m, 2H), 4.05 (m, 1 H), 2.48 (s, 3H), 1.99 (s, 3H), 1.90 (s, 3H), 1.88-1.70 (m, 2H), 1 .35 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT =2.73 min; ee =100%.

E44: LC-MS: 362.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCb): δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 6.67 (br, 1 H), 5.27 (br, 1 H), 4.52-4.23 (m, 2H), 4.04 (m, 1 H), 2.47 (s, 3H), 1.99 (s, 3H), 1.90 (s, 3H), 1 .88-1 .76 (m, 2H), 1 .34 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT =6.41 min; ee =100%.

Example E45

14-Chloro-4-methyl-5-[3-(morpholin-4-yl)cyclobutyl]-8-oxa-2, 5,6,12,16,17-hexaaza tricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³ ' ⁷ ]heptadeca-1(16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (E45)

To a solution of D76 (195 mg, 0.401 mmol) and Fe (1 12 mg, 2.01 mmol) in EtOH/H ₂ 0 (20 mL/4 mL) was added NH4CI (107 mg, 2.00 mmol). The reaction was heated to 100 °C and stirred overnight. NaHCC>3 solution was added, the mixture was filtered and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was suspended in CH2CI2, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ , filtered and concentrated to give the title compound as a white solid (69.3 mg, yield 41 %). LC-MS: 420.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ): δ 8.30 (s, 1 H), 7.76 (s, 1 H), 7.32 (t, J= 5.8 Hz, 1 H), 4.43-4.32 (m, 1 H), 4.23 (br, 2H), 3.58 (br, 4H), 3.28 (d, J= 4.8 Hz, 2H), 2.45-2.40 (m, 3H), 2.28-2.21 (m, 6H), 2.10 (s, 3H), 1.72 (br, 2H).

Example E46

(11 ?)-14-chloro-4,11 -dimethyl -5-[(3S)-oxolan-3-yl]-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaaza tricyclo [11.3.1.0 ³ , ⁷ ]heptadeca-1(16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene(E46)

A solution of D80 (150 mg, 0.35 mmol), Fe (150 mg, 2.68 mmol) and NH ₄ CI (300 mg, 5.61 mmol) in EtOH/H ₂ 0 (25 mL, 3: 1 ) was heated to 90 °C for 16 hrs. Then sat.NaHCOs (3 mL) was added and the mixture was stirred for 10 min. The mixture was filtered and the filter cake was washed with DCM. The filtrate was concentrated and the residue was re-dissolved in DCM (50 mL). After stirring for 30 min, the mixture was filtered and concentrated. The crude was purified by column choramatoghy on silica gel (PE: EA= 3:1 -1 :1 ) to give the title compound as an off-white solid (47 mg, yield 37%). LC-MS: 365.1 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.78 (s, 1 H), 7.24-7.20 (m, 1 H), 6.18 (m, 1 H), 5.36-5.34 (m, 1 H), 4.74-4.71 (m, 1 H), 4.48-4.44 (m, 1 H), 4.35-4.30 (m, 1 H), 4.08-4.03 (m, 3H), 3.96-3.91 (m, 1 H), 2.35-2.26 (m, 2H), 2.23 (s, 3H), 1 .89-1 .81 (m, 2H), 1.31 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H).

Example E47

(11 ?)-14-chloro-4,11 -dimethyl -5-[(3 ?)-oxolan-3-yl]-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaaza tricyclo [11.3.1.0 ³ , ⁷ ]heptadeca-1(16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (E47)

A solution of D81 (130 mg, 0.30 mmol), Fe (130 mg, 2.32 mmol) and NH ₄ CI (260 mg, 4.86 mmol) in EtOH/H ₂ 0 (25 mL, 3: 1 ) was heated to 90 °C for 16 hrs. Then sat.NaHCOs (3 mL) was added and the mixture was stirred for 10min. The mixture was filtered and the filter cake was washed with DCM. The filtrate was concentrated and the redisue was re-dissolved in DCM (50 mL). After stirring for 10 min, the mixture was filtered and concentrated. The crude was purified by column choramatoghy on silica gel (PE: EA= 5:1 -1 :1 ) to give the title compound as an off-white solid (41 mg, yield 37%). LC-MS: 365.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCIs): δ 8.20-8.25 (m, 1 H), 7.75 (s, 1 H), 5.59 (d, J= 6.4 Hz 1 H), 4.73-4.71 (m, 1 H), 4.48-4.44 (m, 1 H), 4.35-4.30 (m, 1 H), 4.08-4.03 (m, 3H), 3.96-3.91 (m, 2H), 2.35-2.26 (m, 2H), 2.23 (s, 3H),1.89-1 .81 (m, 2H), 1 .32 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H).

Examples E48 and E49

Isomers 1 -2: 14-chloro-4-methyl-5-{4-[(1 ?,4 ?)-2-oxa-5-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-5-yl] cyclohexyl}-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16, 17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13 (17),14-pentaene (E48-E49)

To a mixture of D85 (100 mg, 0.265 mmol), (1 R, 4R)-2-oxa-5-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane hydrochloride (43 mg, 0.317 mmol), 4A molecular sieves (100 mg), AcOH (10 mg) in CH2CI2 (5 mL) under argon at 0 °C was added NaBHsCN (35 mg, 0.557 mmol). The reaction was stirred for 15 hrs at room temperature. The mixture was filtered and aq. NaHCC (20 mL) was added. The resultant was extracted with CH2CI2 (2x15 mL). The combined organics were washed with brine (20 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ , filtered and concentrated. The crude was purified by prep-TLC (CH2CI2: MeOH = 8:1 ) to give the mixture as yellow solids (71 mg, yield 58%). The title compounds E48 (8 mg) and E49 (34 mg) were obtained as white solids from chiral separation of the mixture (chiral method A).

E48: LCMS: 460.3[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 7.83 (s, 1 H), 6.13 (s, 1 H), 5.55 (t, J= 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.54-4.27 (m, 3H), 4.08 (d, J= 7.6 Hz, 1 H), 3.98-3.84 (m, 1 H), 3.71 -3.61 (m, 2H), 3.54 (q, J= 6.0 Hz, 2H), 3.09 (d, J= 9.6 Hz, 1H), 2.73 (br, 1H), 2.46-2.25 (m, 3H), 2.22 (s, 3H), 1.94 (m, 5H), 1.77 (d, J= 9.6 Hz, 1H), 1.70-1.48 (m, 4H). Chiral RT =4.532 min.

E49: LCMS: 460.4[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 7.83 (s, 1H), 6.10 (s, 1H), 5.55 (t, J= 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.53-4.22 (m, 3H), 4.07 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 3.87 (t, J= 11.6 Hz, 1 H), 3.75 (br, 1H), 3.65 (d, J= 7.6 Hz, 1H), 3.54 (q, J= 6.0 Hz, 2H), 3.13 (d, J= 9.6 Hz, 1H), 2.50 (d, J= 9.6 Hz, 2H), 2.21 (s, 3H), 2.14-1.86 (m, 9H), 1.84-1.75 (m, 1H), 1.43-1.17 (m, 2H). Chiral RT =6.286 min.

Examples E50 and E51

Isomers 1-2: 14-chloro-4-methyl-5-{4-[(1S,4S)-2-oxa-5-azabicyclo[2.2.1]he ptan-5-yl] cyclohexyl}-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16, 17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13 (17),14-pentaene (E50-E51)

To a solution of D85 (100 mg, 0.265 mmol), (1S, 4S)-2-oxa-5-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane hydrochloride (43 mg, 0.319 mmol), 4A molecular sieves (100 mg), AcOH (10 mg) in CH2CI2 (5 mL) under argon at 0 °C was added NaBHsCN (35 mg, 0.557 mmol). The reaction was stirred for 15 hrs at room temperature. The mixture was filtered and aq. NaHCC (20 mL) was added. The organic layer was concentrated and the crude was purified by prep-TLC (CH2CI2: MeOH = 8: 1) to give the mixture as a yellow solid (88 mg, yield 72%). The title compounds E50 (10 mg) and E51 (21 mg) were obtained as white solids from chiral separation of the mixture (chiral method F).

E50: LC-MS: 460.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCb): δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 6.07 (br, 1 H), 5.53 (br, 1H), 4.40 (br, 3H), 4.05 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 1H), 3.85 (br, 1H), 3.74 (br, 1H), 3.68-3.46 (m, 3H), 3.11 (d, J= 9.6 Hz, 1H), 2.48 (d, J= 9.2 Hz, 2H), 2.19 (s, 3H), 2.13-1.82 (m, 9H), 1.83- 1.72 (m, 1H), 1.40-1.18 (m, 2H). Chiral RT =4.549 min.

E51: LC-MS: 460.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCb): δ 7.81 (br, 1H), 6.07 (br, 1H), 5.53 (br, 1H), 4.40 (br, 3H), 4.06 (d, J= 7.6 Hz, 1H), 3.91 (br, 1H), 3.70-3.58 (m, 2H), 3.52 (d, J= 4.8 Hz, 2H), 3.07 (d, J= 8.4 Hz, 1H), 2.72 (br, 1H), 2.44-2.23 (m, 3H), 2.23-2.14 (m, 4H), 1.93 (br, 5H), 1.68-1.43 (m, 4H). Chiral RT =5.341 min.

Example E52 (11 ?)-14-chloro-4,11 -dimethyl -5-(oxetan-3-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo

[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (E52)

To a solution of D109 (6.5 g, 15.58 mmol) in HOAc/MeOH (6 mL/60 mL) was added Zn (3.1 g, 46.73 mmol). The reaction was stirred at 80 °C for 16 hrs. The mixture was filtered and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was dissolved in CH2CI2 (150 mL) and washed with sat.NaHCC>3 (2x60 mL). The organic layers were dried, filtered and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (CH2CI2: MeOH=50: 1 ) to give a yellow solid (2.7 g). The solid was washed with CH3CN and EtOH, recrystallized

(CHsCN/MeOH then Ch C /hexane) to give the title compound as a white solid (580 mg, yield 1 1 %). LC-MS: 351.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.80 (s, 1 H), 6.61 (br, 1 H), 5.32-5.16 (m, 4H), 4.93-4.88 (m, 2H), 4.54-4.43 (m, 2H), 4.05-4.01 (m, 1 H), 2.16 (s, 3H), 1 .95-1.82 (m, 2H), 1.34 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H).

Examples E53 and E54

Enantiomers 1 -2: 14-chloro-11 -(fluoromethyl)-4-methyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (E53-E54)

To a solution of D91 (480 mg, 1 .04 mmol) in EtOH/H ₂ 0 (58 mL/6 mL) were added Fe (463 mg, 8.29 mmol) and NH4CI (554 mg, 10.4 mmol) at room temperature. The reaction was stirred under argon at 1 10 °C for 18 hrs. The reaction mixture was cooled to room

temperature and then quenched with aq. Na2CC>3. The mixture wwas stirred at room temperature for 30 min, then filtered. The filtrate was concentrated and the crude was purified by chromatography on silica gel (CH2CI2: MeOH = 100:1 -40:1 ) to give racemic product (300 mg, yield 72%). Then the solid was separated by chiral HPLC (chiral method B) to give the title compound E53 (84 mg) and E54 (81 mg) as white solids.

E53: LC-MS: 397.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ): δ 8.40 (s, 1 H), 7.83 (s, 1 H), 7.06 (d, J= 7.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.72-4.40 (m, 2H), 4.28-4.17 (m, 3H), 4.10-4.03 (m, 1 H), 3.95-3.90 (m, 2H), 3.44 (t, J= 12.0 Hz, 2H), 2.16 (s, 3H), 2.07-1.87 (m, 2H), 1.77-1.69 (m, 3H), 1.47-1.41 (m, 1H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ): δ -217.12. Chiral RT= 2.305 min; ee= 100%.

E54: LC-MS: 397.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ): δ 8.40 (s, 1H), 7.83 (s, 1H), 7.06 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.72-4.40 (m, 2H), 4.28-4.19 (m, 3H), 4.10-4.05 (m, 1H), 3.95-3.90 (m, 2H), 3.44 (t, J= 12.0 Hz, 2H), 2.15 (s, 3H), 2.07-1.85 (m, 2H), 1.77-1.69 (m, 3H), 1.47-1.40 (m, 1H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ): δ -217.12. Chiral RT= 2.938 min; ee= 100%.

Examples E55, E56, E57 and E58

Enantiomers 1-4: 14-chloro-4,11-dimethyl-5-{4-[(1 ?,4?)-2-oxa-5-azabicyclo[2.2.1] heptan-5-yl]cyclohexyl}-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ]heptadeca- 1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E55-E58)

E55-E58

To a solution of D94 (200 mg, 0.51 mmol) and (1R,4R)-2-oxa-5-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane hydrochloride in MeOH (25 mL) was slowly added NaBHsCN (97 mg,1.55 mmol) and the reaction was stirred for 16 hrs. Then sat.NaHCC>3 (50 mL) was added and the mixture was stirred for 30 min. MeOH was evaporated and the mixture was filtered, extracted with DCM (3x25 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with sat.NaHCC>3, brine, dried over Na2S0 ₄ , filtered and concentrated to give the racemic product (200 mg, yield 89.3%). The yellow solid was then further chiral separated (chiral method A) to give the title compounds as white solids.

E55: LC-MS: 474.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.82 (s, 1H), 6.05 (s, 1H), 5.11(d, J= 4.0 Hz, 1H), 4.48-4.46 (m, 2H), 4.29 (t, J= 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.08-4.00 (m, 2H), 3.92-3.89 (m, 1H), 3.73-3.71 (m, 1H), 2.68-2.65 (m, 1H), 2.17 (s, 3H), 2.09-1.73 (m, 11H), 1.75-1.46 (m, 4H), 1.31 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 2.790; ee=100%. E56: LC-MS: 474.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.80 (s, 1H), 6.17 (s, 1H), 5.13 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.52-4.38 (m, 3H), 4.07-3.95 (m, 3H), 3.71-3.69 (m, 2H), 3.20-3.10 (m, 1H), 2.78 (br, 1H), 2.46-2.23 (m, 2H), 2.17 (s, 3H), 1.92-1.72 (m, 9H), 1.50-1.47 (m, 2H), 1.32(d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 3.021; ee= 99.1%. E57: LC-MS: 474.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 6.09 (s, 1 H), 5.1 1 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.50-4.43 (m, 2H), 4.31 (t, J= 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.07-3.99 (m, 2H), 3.87-3.3.84 (m, 2H), 3.66 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 3.19 (br, 1 H), 2.56 (br, 1 H), 2.17 (s, 3H), 2.14-2.06 (m, 2H), 2.01 -1 .73 (m, 9H), 1.46-1 .37 (m, 2H), 1.31 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 3.293; ee= 100%. E58: LC-MS: 474.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 7.80 (s, 1 H), 6.18 (s, 1 H), 5.14(d, J= 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.52-4.50 (m, 2H), 4.43 (br, 1 H), 4.1 1 -3.93 (m, 3H), 3.66 (d, J= 4.0 Hz, 1 H), 3.14 (br, 1 H), 2.78 (m, 1 H), 2.36-2.24 (m, 3H), 2.17 (s, 3H), 1 .92-1 .75 (m, 9H), 1.68-1.60 (m, 2H), 1.33 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 3.509; ee=99.7%.

Examples E59 and E60

Enantiomers 1 -2: irans-14-chloro-5-[3-fluoro-1 -(2-methoxyethyl)piperidin-4-yl]-4- methyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca 1(16),3,6,13(17),14- pentaene (E59-E60)

E61-E62 To a solution of D97 (crude, 0.259 mmol) in MeCN (10.0 mL) were added 1 -bromo-2- methoxyethane (72 mg, 0.518 mmol) and K2CO3 (359 mg, 2.60 mmol). The reaction was heated to 100 °C and stirred overnight. The cooled mixture was diluted with water and extracted with EtOAc for 3 times. The combined organics were and dried, filtered and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (CH2CI2:

MeOH= 10: 1 ) (80 mg, yield 70%) and then separated by chiral HPLC (Chiral method A) to give the title compound E59 (16 mg) and E60 (16 mg) as white solids.

E59: LCMS: 440.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.80 (s, 1 H), 6.24 (s, 1 H), 5.54 (t, J= 6.4 Hz, 1 H), 5.08-4.80 (m, 1 H), 4.36 (t, J= 4.4 Hz, 2H), 3.91 -3.83 (m, 1 H), 3.52 (t, J= 5.4 Hz, 4H), 3.40-3.37 (m, 1 H), 3.37 (s, 3H), 3.04-3.01 (m, 1 H), 2.70-2.64 (m, 2H), 2.47-2.39 (m, 1 H), 2.23-2.15 (m, 2H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 1 .99-1.74 (m, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, CDCI3): δ - 187.33. Chiral RT= 2.129; ee= 100%.

E60: LCMS: 440.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 6.15 (s, 1 H), 5.53 (d, J= 6.2 Hz, 1 H), 5.12-4.77 (m, 1 H), 4.36 (t, J= 4.6 Hz, 2H), 3.91 -3.84 (m, 1 H), 3.52 (t, J= 5.4 Hz, 4H), 3.40-3.37 (m, 1 H), 3.37 (s, 3H), 3.02 (d, J = 9.6 Hz, 1 H), 2.72-2.63 (m, 2H), 2.45- 2.38 (m, 1 H), 2.23-2.15 (m, 2H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 1 .96-1 .80 (m, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, CDCb): δ -187.34. Chiral RT= 3.508; ee=100%. Examples E61 and E62

Enantiomers 1 -2: irans-14-chloro-5-[3-fluoro-1 -(oxetan-3-yl)piperidin-4-yl]-4-methyl-8- oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (E61 -E62)

E61-E62

To a solution of D97 (500 mg, 1 .3 mmol) in CH ₃ OH (10.0 mL) at 0 °C was added NaBH ₃ CN (572 g, 9.1 mmol). After stirred at room temperature for 1 hour, oxetan-3-one (468 mg, 6.5 mmol) was added at 0 °C and the reaction was stirred at room temperature overnight. The reaction was quenched with sat.NaHCC>3 and the resultant was extracted with EtOAc for 3 times. The combined organics were dried, filtered and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel (CH2CI2: MeOH = 10:1 )(40 mg, 7%) and then was separated by chiral HPLC (chiral method A) to give the title compounds E61 (17 mg) and E62 (17 mg) as white solids.

E61 : LC-MS: 438.3[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 6.17 (s, 1 H), 5.54 (s, 1 H), 4.94 (d, J= 54.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.68 (t, J= 6.4 Hz, 2H), 4.61 (br, 2H), 4.39 (br, 2H), 3.95-3.90 (m, 1 H), 3.62 (t, J= 6.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.52 (s, 2H), 3.18-3.15 (m, 1 H), 2.82 (d, J= 10.8 Hz, 1 H), 2.44-2.39 (m, 1 H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 2.04-1.91 (m, 5H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, CDCI3): δ -187.32. Chiral RT= 4.072; ee=100%.

E62: LCMS: 438.3[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 6.24 (s, 1 H), 5.55 (t, J= 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 5.03-4.80 (m, 1 H), 4.68 (t, J= 6.6 Hz, 2H), 4.61 (t, J= 5.4 Hz, 2H), 4.39 (t, J= 4.6 Hz, 2H), 3.95-3.89 (m, 1 H), 3.62 (t, J= 6.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.52 (br, 2H), 3.18-3.15 (m, 1 H), 2.82 (d, J= 10.8 Hz, 1 H), 2.44-2.39 (m, 1 H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 2.07-1 .86 (m, 5H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, CDCI3): δ -187.32. Chiral RT= 6.271 min; ee=100%.

Examples E63 and E64

Enantiomers 1 -2: 14-Chloro-10-fluoro-4,11 -dimethyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17- hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (E63-E64)

E63-E64

To a solution of D106 (180 mg, 0.39 mmol) in MeOH (54 mL) were added HOAc (5.4 mL) and Zn (254 mg, 3.89 mmol). The mixture was stirred at 75 °C under nitrogen for 3 hrs. The cooled mixture was filtred and the filtrate was concentrated. The residue was dissolved in DCM (50 mL) the mixture was filtered. The filtrate was washed with sat. NaHCC>3 (50 mL), water (50 mL) and brine (20 mL), dried over Na2S0 ₄ , concentrated. The crude was purified by pre-TLC (CH ₂ CI ₂ : MeOH =20: 1 ) (120 mg, yield 78%) and further separated by chiral HPLC (Chiral method E) to give the title compounds E63 (15 mg) and E64 (17 mg) as white solids.

E63: LC-MS: 397.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.82 (s, 1 H), 6.76 (s, 1 H), 5.23 (m, 1 H), 4.67-4.25 (m, 4H), 4.12-4.05 (m, 3H), 3.51 (t, J= 12.4 Hz, 2H), 2.30-2.13 (m, 5H), 1.78 (t, J= 1 1.2 Hz, 2H), 1 .42 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT=2.397 min; ee=100%.

E64: LC-MS: 397.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 7.80 (s, 1 H), 7.05 (s, 1 H), 5.28 (m, 1 H), 4.68-4.32 (m, 4H), 4.12-4.05 (m, 3H), 3.51 (t, J= 12.4 Hz, 2H), 2.32-2.16 (m, 5H), 1.78 (t, J= 1 1 .2 Hz, 2H), 1.43 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT=3.507 min; ee=100%.

Example E65

(11 ?)-14-chloro-4,11 -dimethyl -5-[1 -(oxetan-3-yl)piperidin-4-yl]-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17- hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (E65)

To a solution of D100 (200 mg, 0.53mmol) and oxetan-3-one (190 mg, 2.65 mmol) in MeOH (20 mL) was added NaBHsCN (67 mg, 1 .55 mmol) and the reaction was stirred for 16 hrs at room temperature. Sat.NaHCOs (5 mL) was added and the reaction was stirred for 10 min. The mixture was concentrated, filtered and extracted with DCM (50 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with sat.NaHCOs, brine, dried over Na2S0 ₄ , filtered and concentrated. The crude was purified by column chromatography on silica gel to give the title compound as a white solid (120 mg, yield 52%). LC-MS: 434.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.82 (s, 1 H), 6.08 (s, 1 H), 5.12 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.77- 4.57 (m, 4H), 4.51 -4.27 (m, 2H), 4.02 (d, J= 3.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.93-3.77 (m, 1 H), 3.52 (t, J= 6.4 Hz, 1 H), 2.87 (d, J= 1 1 .2 Hz, 2H), 2.27 (q, J= 12.4 Hz, 2H), 2.19 (s, 3H), 2.04-1.73 (m, 6H), 1 .31 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H).

Example E66

14-Bromo-4-methyl-5-(oxetan-3-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ] heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E66)

To a solution of D108 (133 mg, 0.297 mmol) and Fe (133 mg, 2.38 mmol) in EtOH/H ₂ 0 (13 mL/2 mL) was added NH ₄ CI (266 mg, 4.97 mmol). The reaction was heated to 100 °C and stirred overnight. Sat.NaHCOs (5 mL) was added and the mixture was filtered, concentrated. The residue was suspended in CH2CI2 (200 mL) and anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ was added. The resultant was stirred at room temperature for 20 min, filtered and the filtrate was

concentrated. The residue was slurry in MeCN (10 mL) and the filter cake was dried to give the title compound as a white solid (8 mg, yield 7%). LC-MS: 381.1 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ): 5 8.38 (s, 1 H), 7.84 (s, 1 H), 7.18 (t, J = 5.6 Hz, 1 H), 5.44-5.37 (m, 1 H), 4.89 (t, J= 6.2 Hz, 2H), 4.80 (t, J= 7.2 Hz, 2H), 4.28 (t, J= 4.4 Hz, 2H), 3.29-3.28 (m, 2H), 2.09 (s, 3H), 1.73 (br, 2H).

Examples E67 and E68

Enantiomers 1 -2: (11 ?)-14-chloro-4,11 -dimethyl-5-[1 -(oxetan-3-yl)piperidin-3-yl]-8-oxa- 2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (E67- E68)

E67-E68

To a solution of D112 (300 mg, 0.80 mmol) and oxetan-3-one (268 mg, 4.0 mmol) in MeOH (30 mL) was slowly added NaBHsCN (150 mg, 2.4 mmol) and the reaction was stirred at room tepmerature for 16 hrs. Sat.NaHCOs (50 mL) was added and the reaction was stirred for 20 min. Methanol was evaporated and the mixture was filtered, extracted with DCM (3x25 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with sat.NaHCC>3, brine, dried over Na2S0 ₄ , filtered and concentrated to give a yellow oil (240 mg, yield 69%). The racemic was further chiral separated (chiral method A) to give the title compounds as white solids.

E67: LC-MS: 434.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.77 (s, 1 H), 6.97 (br, 1 H), 5.33 (d, J= 6.4 Hz, 1 H), 4.75-4.55 (m, 4H), 4.48 (dd, J= 2.8, 1 1 .2 Hz, 1 H), 4.34-4.22 (m, 1 H),

4.17-3.95 (m, 2H), 3.56 (t, J= 6.4 Hz, 1 H), 2.84-2.69 (m, 2H), 2.34-2.24 (m, 2H), 2.23 (s, 3H), 2.04-1.95 (m, 2H), 1 .94-1 .81 (m, 4H), 1 .34 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT=3.566 min; ee=100%.

E68: LC-MS: 434.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 6.20 (s, 1 H), 5.12 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.73-4.57 (m, 4H), 4.48 (dd, J= 2.8, 1 1.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.35-4.23 (m, 1 H),

4.17-3.92 (m, 2H), 3.57 (t, J= 6.4 Hz, 1 H), 2.96-2.68 (m, 2H), 2.37 (t, J= 10.4 Hz, 1 H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 1 .97-1 .68 (m, 7H), 1.32 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT=6.693 min; ee=100%.

Example E69

4-Methyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca- 1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene-14-carbonitrile (E69)

To a solution of D113 (100 mg, 0.33 mmol) in EtOH (40 mL) were added Fe (100 mg) and a solution of NH4CI (400 mg) in H ₂ 0 (2 mL). The reaction was stirred at 100 °C for 10 hrs. The mixture was filtered and the filter cake was washed with CH3CN, and purified with prep- HPLC to give the title compound (6 mg, yield 7.5%) as a white solid. LC-MS: 356.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ): δ 8.19 (s, 1 H), 4.25-4.18 (m, 3H), 3.95-3.91 (m, 2H), 3.47-3.42 (m, 2H), 3.29-3.27 (m, 2H), 2.17 (s, 3H), 2.06-1.91 (m, 2H), 1.73-1.70 (m, 4H).

Examples E70-E77

14-Chloro-5-(3-fluorooxan-4-yl)-10-methoxy-4-methyl-8-oxa-2, 5,6,12,16,17-hexaaza tricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³ ' ⁷ ]heptadeca-1(16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (E70-E77)

E70-E77 To a solution of D116 (250 mg, 0.52mmol) in EtOH (10 mL) were added Fe (250 mg) and a solution of NH4CI (1 g) in H ₂ 0 (2 mL). The reaction was stirred at 100 °C for 10 hrs. The mixture was filtered, and the filter was concentrated. The crude was purified by pre- TLC to give a yellow solid (180 mg, yield 83 %), which was further separated by chiral HPLC (chiral method A and C) to give the title compounds as off-white solids.

E70: 20 mg . LC-MS: 413.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ 7.74 (s, 1 H), 4.78-4.70 (m, 1 H), 4.63-4.12 (m, 5H), 4.10-4.00 (m, 1 H), 3.83-3.73 (m, 1 H), 3.42 (s, 3H), 3.27-3.14 (m, 3H), 2.51 -2.30 (m, 2H), 2.22 (s, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ -232.35 (s, 1 F). Chiral RT= 3.844 min (chiral method A); ee = 100%.

E71 : 14 mg . LC-MS: 413.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ 7.74 (s, 1 H), 4.79-4.72 (m, 1 H), 4.63-4.24 (m, 5H), 4.17 (q, J= 7.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.05 (q, J= 7.6 Hz, 1 H), 3.83-3.72 (m, 1 H), 3.42 (s, 3H), 3.27-3.18 (m, 2H), 2.40-2.28 (m, 2H), 2.22 (s, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, CD3OD): 5 -232.26 (s, 1 F). Chiral RT= 4.09 min (chiral method A), 3.30 min (chiral method C); ee = 100%.

E72: 12 mg . LC-MS: 413.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ 7.74 (s, 1 H), 4.76 (td, J= 4.8, 9.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.43-4.24 (m, 3H), 4.19 (dd, J= 5.2, 10.8 Hz, 1 H), 3.98 (d, J= 1 1.6 Hz, 1 H), 3.85-3.74 (m, 1 H), 3.54 (t, J= 1 1.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.45-3.36 (m, 4H), 3.27-3.23 (m, 2H),

2.36-2.25 (m, 1 H), 2.23 (s, 3H), 1.94-1 .91 (m, 1 H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376MHz, CD3OD): δ -195.24 (s, 1 F). Chiral RT= 4.12 min (chiral method A), 2.63 min (chiral method C); ee = 100%. E73: 12 mg. LC-MS: 413.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.74 (s, 1 H), 4.79-4.61 (m, 1 H), 4.43-4.23 (m, 3H), 4.17 (dd, J=5.2, 10.8 Hz, 1 H), 4.01 -3.98 (m, 1 H), 3.83-3.72 (m, 1 H), 3.55 (t, J= 1 1 .2 Hz, 1 H), 3.46-3.36 (m, 4H), 3.24 (d, J= 13.2 Hz, 2H), 2.36 (dq, J= 4.8, 12.6 Hz, 1 H), 2.23 (s, 3H), 2.00-1 .97 (d, 1 H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ -195.57 (s, 1 F). Chiral purity: RT= 4.238 min (chiral method A); ee = 100%.

E74: 12 mg. LC-MS: 413.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ 7.74 (s, 1 H), 4.79-4.70 (m, 1 H), 4.62-4.14 (m, 5H), 4.08-4.05 (m, 1 H), 3.80-3.77 (m, 1 H), 3.42 (s, 3H), 3.26-3.19 (m, 2H), 2.52-2.28 (m, 2H), 2.22 (s, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ -232.35 (s, 1 F). Chiral RT= 4.637min (chiral method A); ee = 99.4%.

E75: 12 mg. LC-MS: 413.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.74 (s, 1 H), 4.79-4.71 (m, 1 H), 4.63-4.23 (m, 5H), 4.21 -4.12 (m, 1 H), 4.09-3.99 (m, 1 H), 3.84-3.73 (m, 1 H), 3.42 (s, 3H), 3.26-3.18 (m, 2H), 2.41 -2.27 (m, 2H), 2.22 (s, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ - 232.26 (s, 1 F). Chiral RT= 4.805 min (chiral method A); ee = 96.7%.

E76: 14 mg. LC-MS: 413.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.74 (s, 1 H), 4.77 (dt, J= 5.6, 9.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.42 -4.25 (m, 3H), 4.19 (dd, J= 5.2, 10.8 Hz, 1 H), 4.04-3.93 (m, 1 H), 3.86-3.75 (m, 1 H), 3.54 (t, J= 1 1.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.46-3.37 (m, 4H), 3.25 (d, J= 14.0 Hz, 2H), 2.35-2.20 (m, 4H), 1 .95-1.91 (m, 1 H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ -195.24 (s, 1 F). Chiral RT= 5.314 min (chiral method A); ee = 96.7%.

E77: 14 mg. LC-MS: 413.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.74 (s, 1 H), 4.81 -4.60 (m, 1 H), 4.42-4.10 (m, 4H), 4.04-3.92 (m, 1 H), 3.78 (dd, J= 2.8, 14.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.55 (t, J= 1 1.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.47- 3.34 (m, 4H), 3.26-3.14 (m, 2H), 2.36 (dq, J= 5.2 , 12.6 Hz, 1 H), 2.23 (s, 3H), 2.04-1 .89 (m, 1 H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ -195.57 (s, 1 F). Chiral RT= 5.658 min (chiral method A); ee = 99.2%.

Examples E78-E85

Enantiomers 1 -8: 14-chloro-4,11 -dimethyl-5-(2-methyloxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17- hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (E78-E85)

To a solution of D117 (160 mg) in 95% EtOH (20 mL) were added Fe (160 mg) and NH ₄ CI (0.32 g). The reaction was stirred at 100 °C overnight. The reaction mixture was filtered and concentrated. The crude was chiral separated (chiral methods A and B) to give the title compounds as off-white solids.

E78: 3.2 mg, yield 2.3%. LC-MS: 393.3[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.77 (s, 1 H), 7.00 (br, 1 H), 5.34 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.48 (dd, J= 3.2, 1 1.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.42-4.36 (m, 1 H), 4.31 (t, J= 10.4 Hz, 2H), 4.24- 4.15 (m, 1 H), 4.05 (br, 1 H), 3.89-3.74 (m, 1 H), 2.21 (s, 3H), 2.10-1 .97 (m, 3H), 1 .94-1 .80 (m, 2H), 1.72 (ddd, J= 4.8, 9.2, 13.8 Hz, 1 H), 1.35 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H), 1 .21 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT=3.094 min (chiral method A); ee=100%.

E79: 2.6 mg, yield 1.8%. LC-MS: 393.3[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.79 (s, 1 H), 6.69 (br, 1 H), 5.27 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 1 H), 4.52-4.44 (m, 1 H), 4.43-4.27 (m, 3H), 4.26-4.15 (m, 1 H), 4.08-3.98 (m, 1 H), 3.88-3.79 (m, 1 H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 2.03-1 .79 (m, 5H), 1.71 (ddd, J= 4.8, 9.2, 13.8 Hz, 1 H), 1.34 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H), 1.20 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT=3.780 min (chiral method A), 2.157 min (chiral method B); ee=97.5%.

E80: 1 mg, yield 0.7%. LC-MS: 393.3[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): 5 7.67 (s, 1 H), 5.80 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.49 (d, J= 10.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.32-4.22 (m, 1 H), 4.12-4.09 (m, 3H), 3.59-3.46 (m, 3H), 2.29 (s, 3H), 2.21 - 2.07 (m, 1 H), 2.01 -1 .82 (m, 4H), 1 .73 (d, J= 1 1.6 Hz, 1 H), 1 .39 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H), 1.27 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT=3.780 min (chiral method A), 2.731 min (chiral method B); ee=97.5%.

E81 : 3 mg, yield 2.2%. LC-MS: 393.3[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 10.1 1 (br, 1 H), 7.61 (s, 1 H), 6.08 (d, J= 5.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.55-4.37 (m, 2H), 4.32-4.08 (m, 4H), 3.88-3.76 (m, 1 H), 2.30 (s, 3H), 2.09-1 .84 (m, 5H), 1 .78-1 .68 (m, 1 H), 1.43 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H), 1.22 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT=3.780 min (chiral method A), 3.306 min (chiral method B); ee=97.5%.

E82: 2.8 mg, yield 2%. LC-MS: 393.3[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.78 (s, 1 H), 6.98 (br, 1 H), 5.34 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.48 (dd, J= 2.4, 1 1.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.43-4.37 (m, 1 H), 4.36-4.28 (m, 2H), 4.25-4.16 (m, 1 H), 4.09-3.99 (m, 1 H), 3.89-3.80 (m, 1 H), 2.21 (s, 3H), 2.07-1 .80 (m, 5H), 1.71 (ddd, J= 5.2, 9.2, 13.8 Hz, 1 H), 1.35 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H), 1.20 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT=4.414 min (chiral method A); ee=100%.

E83: 1 .1 mg, yield 0.8%. LC-MS: 393.3[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.96 (br, 1 H),

7.72 (s, 1 H), 5.58 (d, J= 5.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.54-4.44 (m, 1 H), 4.35-4.24 (m, 1 H), 4.16-4.00 (m, 3H), 3.61 -3.48 (m, 2H), 2.26 (s, 3H), 2.20-2.09 (m, 1 H), 2.01 -1 .82 (m, 4H), 1 .73 (d, J= 13.2 Hz, 1 H), 1 .37 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H), 1.27 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT=4.840 min (chiral method A); ee=100%.

E84: 1 .2 mg, yield 0.8%. LC-MS: 393.3 [M+H] ⁺ . Ή NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): 5 7.82 (br, 1 H),

7.73 (s, 1 H), 5.54 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.56-4.44 (m, 1 H), 4.35-4.23 (m, 1 H), 4.09 (t, J= 1 1.6 Hz, 3H), 3.55 (t, J= 1 1 .2 Hz, 2H), 2.31 -2.18 (m, 4H), 1.98- 1 .71 (m, 5H), 1.36 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H), 1 .25 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT=5.789 min (chiral method A); ee=100%.

E85: 2.5 mg, yield 1.8%. LC-MS: 393.3 [M+H] ⁺ . Ή NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.97 (s, 1 H), 7.68 (s, 1 H), 5.80 (d, J= 5.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.49 (d, J= 12.4 Hz, 1 H), 4.33-4.24 (m, 1 H), 4.16-4.03 (m, 3H), 3.55 (t, J= 1 1.2 Hz, 2H), 2.28 (s, 3H), 2.22 (dd, J= 4.0, 12.0 Hz, 1 H), 2.03-1.74 (m, 5H), 1 .39 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H), 1.25 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT=6.285 min (chiral method A); ee=100%.

Examples E86 and E87

Enantiomers 1 -2: 14-chloro-5-[4-fluorooxan-3-yl]-4-methyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,1 7- hexaazatricyclo [11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (E86-E87)

E86-E87 To a solution of D120 (230 mg, 0.512 mmol) in EtOH (27 mL) were added Fe (229 mg, 4.10 mmol) and a solution of NH4CI (274 mg, 5.12 mmol) in H2O (3.0 mL). The reaction was stirred at 1 10 °C for 16 hrs. The reaction was quenched with aq. Na2CC>3 and the mixture was filtered through Celite. The filtrate was concentrated and the crude was purified by flash column chromatography on silica gel (CH2CI2: MeOH=50:1 to 25:1 ) (70 mg, 35.7%)and further separated by chiral HPLC (Chiral method A) to give the title compounds E86 (7 mg) and E87 (9 mg) as white solids.

E86: LC-MS: 383.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-de): δ 8.36 (s, 1 H), 7.76 (s, 1 H), 7.34 (s, 1 H), 5.1 1 -4.97 (m, 1 H), 4.20-4.18 (m, 3H), 3.96-3.94 (m, 2H), 3.56 (t, J= 1 1 .2 Hz, 1 H), 3.51 -3.42 (m, 1 H), 3.33-3.28 (m, 2H), 2.16-2.14 (m, 4H), 1.84-1.72 (m, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-de): 5 -177.03. Chiral RT=3.972; ee=100%.

E87: LC-MS: 383.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ): δ 8.36 (s, 1 H), 7.77 (s, 1 H), 7.34 (s, 1 H), 5.1 1 -4.97 (m, 1 H), 4.20-4.18 (m, 3H), 3.96-3.94 (m, 2H), 3.56 (t, J= 10.8 Hz, 1 H), 3.45 (t, J= 1 1 .8 Hz, 1 H), 3.30-3.27 (m, 2H), 2.18-2.08 (m, 4H), 1.84-1.72 (m, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-de): δ -177.03. Chiral RT=5.717; ee=100%.

Examples E88 and E89

Enantiomers 1 -2: 14-chloro-11 -(difluoromethyl)-4-methyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6, 12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E88-E89)

To a suspension of D127 (190 mg, 0.395 mmol) in ethanol (18 mL) was added Fe (1 10 mg, 1 .974 mmol) followed by the addition of ammonia hydrochloride (106 mg, 1.974 mmol) in water (9 mL). The reaction was sealed and heated to 90 °C overnight. After cooled to room temperature, the mixture was filtred and the filtrate was concentrated. The crude was purified by C18 chromatography (5-95% CH ₃ CN in water) (99 mg, yield 60.5%) and then separated by chiral HPLC (chiral method A) to give the title compound E88 (13 mg) and E89 (15 mg) as white solids.

E88: LC-MS: 415.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ): δ 8.57 (s, 1 H), 7.95 (s, 1 H), 7.28 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1 H), 6.30 (dt, J = 56.8, 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.40-4.16 (m, 4H), 4.02-3.97 (m, 2H), 3.50 (t, J = 1 1.6 Hz, 2H), 2.22 (s, 3H), 2.16-1.92 (m, 3H), 1.85-1.73 (m, 2H), 1 .58-1.52 (m, 1 H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-de): δ -120.56 (d, J = 280.5 Hz, 1 F), -127.79 (d, J = 280.1 Hz, 1 F). Chiral RT=3.472 min; ee=100%.

E89: LC-MS: 415.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ): δ 8.51 (s, 1 H), 7.89 (s, 1 H), 7.22 (d, J = 8.4 Hz, 1 H), 6.24 (dt, J = 56.8, 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.34-4.10 (m, 4H), 3.95-3.91 (m, 2H), 3.43 (t, J = 1 1.8 Hz, 2H), 2.16 (s, 3H), 2.09-1.85 (m, 3H), 1.77-1.66 (m, 2H), 1 .52-1.46 (m, 1 H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ): δ -120.55 (d, J = 280.1 Hz, 1 F), -127.79 (d, J = 280.1 Hz, 1 F). Chiral RT=10.500 min; ee=100%.

Examples E90 and E91

Isomers 1 -2:4-{14-chloro-4-methyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricycl o[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ] heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaen-5-yl}cyclohexan-1 -ol (E90-E91 )

E90-E91

To a solution of D85 (200 mg, 0.531 mmol) in MeOH (5 mL) at 0 °C was added NaBH ₄ (6 mg, 0.159 mmol). The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 45 minutes. Water (10 mL) was added and the mixture was extracted with CH2CI2 (3x15 mL). The combined organics were washed with brine (20 mL), dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ , filtered and concentrated. The crude was purified by prep-TLC (CH2CI2: MeOH =10:1 )(120 mg, yield 60%) and then separated by chiral HPLC (chiral method E) to give the title compound E90 (58 mg) and E91 (12 mg) as white solids.

E90: LC-MS: 379.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 7.82 (s, 1 H), 6.09 (s, 1 H), 5.53 (t, J= 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.42-4.35 (m, 2H), 3.93-3.83 (m, 1 H), 3.80-3.69 (m, 1 H), 3.56-3.47 (m, 2H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 2.14-2.1 1 (m, 2H), 2.09-1 .98 (m, 2H), 1.94-1.91 (m, 4H), 1.49-1.33 (m, 2H). Chiral RT=4.155.

E91 : LCMS: 379.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCb): δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 6.06 (s, 1 H), 5.53 (t, J= 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.41 -4.38 (m, 2H), 4.08 (br, 1 H), 3.92-3.86 (m, 1 H), 3.54-3.49 (m, 2H), 2.36-2.24 (m, 2H), 2.22 (s, 3H), 2.03-1.89 (m, 4H), 1.73-1.65 (m, 4H). Chiral RT=5.923.

Examples E92-E95

Enantiomers 1 -4: 4-{14-chloro-4,11 -dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo

[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaen-5-yl}cyclohexan-1 -ol (E92-E95)

E92-E95

To a solution of D94 (250 mg, 0.64 mmol) in MeOH (30 mL) was added NaBH ₄ (48.4mg, 1 .3 mmol) at 0-5 °C. The reaction was stirred at room temperature for 2 hrs. The mixture was poured into aq. NaHCC>3 (30 mL) and extracted with EtOAc (2x80 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated in vacuo to give the racemic product. The white solid was further chiral separated by chiral HPLC (chiral method B) to give the title compounds as white solids.

E92: 1.1 mg yield 0.4%. LC-MS: 393.3[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 9.6 (s, 1 H), 7.63 (s, 1 H), 5.96 (m, 1 H), 4.47 (d, J= 13.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.29 (d, J= 9.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.09 (m, 2H), 2.29 (m, 5H), 1.92 (m, 4H), 1 .66 (m, 4H), 1.25 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT=2.656 min; ee=100%.

E93: 6 mg yield 2.4%. LC-MS: 393.3[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 8.98 (br, 1 H), 7.68 (s, 1 H), 5.81 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.53-4.43 (m, 1 H), 4.30-4.17 (m, 1 H), 4.10 (dd, J= 3.6, 6.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.95-3.67 (m, 2H), 2.27 (s, 3H), 2.15-1 .81 (m, 8H), 1.51 -1.41 (m, 2H), 1.38 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT=2.824 min; ee=97.3%.

E94: 1.1 mg yield 0.4%. LC-MS: 393.3[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): 7.67 (s, 1 H), 5.85-5.61 (m, 1 H), 4.48 (d, J= 12.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.29 (d, J= 9.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.09 (br, 2H),

2.36-2.22 (m, 5H), 2.04-1 .82 (m, 4H), 1.68 (d, J= 12.0 Hz, 4H), 1 .38 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT=3.180 min; ee=97.5%.

E95: 6mg yield 2.4%. LC-MS: 393.3[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.85 (br, 1 H), 7.73 (s, 1 H), 5.54 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.55-4.41 (m, 1 H), 4.35-4.19 (m, 1 H), 4.07 (d, J= 3.6 Hz, 1 H), 3.95-3.67 (m, 2H), 2.24 (s, 3H), 2.15-1.84 (m, 8H), 1.51 -1.39 (m, 2H), 1.36 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT=3.37 min; ee=100%.

Examples E96- E99

Enantiomers 1 -4: 14-chloro-5-[3-fluoro-1 -(oxetan-3-yl)piperidin-4-yl]-4,11 -dimethyl-8- oxa-2,5,6,12, 16, 17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E96-E99)

A solution of D130 (151 mg, 0.38 mmol) and oxetan-3-one (124 mg, 1.717 mmol) in MeOH (20 mL) was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour and then NaBH3(CN) (108 mg, 1.717 mmol) was added. The reaction was stirred at room temperature overnight. Sovent was evaporated and the crude was purified by pre-HPLC followed by chiral separating (chiral method C) to give the title compounds as white solids.

E96: LC-MS: 452.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 8.14 (br, 1H), 7.71 (s, 1H), 5.61 (br, 1H), 5.11-4.85 (m, 1H), 4.74-4.64 (m, 2H), 4.60 (br, 2H), 4.47(d, J= 12.0 Hz, 1H), 4.35-4.25 (m, 1H), 4.09 (br, 1H), 3.92 (d, J= 13.8 Hz, 1H), 3.63 (t, J= 6.4 Hz, 1H), 3.25 -3.09 (m, 1H), 2.82 (d, J= 10.4 Hz, 1H), 2.50-2.32 (m, 1H), 2.25 (s, 3H), 2.11-1.89 (m, 5H),

I.38 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). ¹ F NMR (376 MHz, CDCb): δ -187.108 (s, 1F). Chiral RT=2.748 min; ee= 98.8%.

E97: LC-MS: 452.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.73 (s, 1H), 7.59 (br, 1H), 5.48 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 1H), 5.12-4.83 (m, 1H), 4.72-4.66 (m, 2H), 4.64-4.57 (m, 2H), 4.51-4.43 (m, 1 H), 4.36-4.26 (m, 1 H), 4.07 (d, J= 3.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.97-3.85 (m, 1 H), 3.62 (q, J= 6.4 Hz, 1 H), 3.23-3.12 (m, 1H), 2.82 (d, J= 10.0 Hz, 1H), 2.46-2.32 (m, 1H), 2.23 (s, 3H), 2.09-1.86 (m, 5H), 1.36 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). ¹ F NMR (376 MHz, CDCI3): δ -187.043 (s, 1F). Chiral RT=2.812 min; ee= 98.1%.

E98: LC-MS: 452.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 6.47 (br, 1 H), 5.21 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 1 H), 5.01 -4.79 (m, 1 H), 4.71 -4.65 (m, 2H), 4.63-4.57 (m, 2H), 4.46 (dd, J= 2.4,

II.2 Hz, 1H), 4.39-4.28 (m, 1H), 4.12-3.83 (m, 2H), 3.62 (quin, J= 6.4 Hz, 1H), 3.19-3.12 (m, 1H), 2.83 (d, J= 9.6 Hz, 1H), 2.53-2.38 (m, 1H), 2.21 (s, 3H), 2.08-1.77 (m, 5H), 1.32 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). ¹ F NMR (376 MHz, CDCb): δ -187.647 (s, 1F). Chiral RT=2.955 min; ee= 100%.

E99: LC-MS: 452.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 8.14 (br, 1H), 7.71 (s, 1H), 5.61 (br, 1H), 5.10-4.86 (m, 1H), 4.74-4.66 (m, 2H), 4.60 (br, 2H), 4.47 (d, J= 12.0 Hz, 1H), 4.35-4.24 (m, 1H), 4.09 (br, 1H), 3.92 (d, J= 13.6 Hz, 1H), 3.63 (t, J= 6.4 Hz, 1H), 3.22 -3.14 (m, 1H), 2.82 (d, J= 10.4 Hz, 1H), 2.46-2.32 (m, 1H), 2.25 (s, 3H), 2.10-1.85 (m, 5H), 1.38 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). ¹ F NMR (376 MHz, CDCb): δ -187.578 (s, 1F). Chiral RT=3.255 min; ee=98.1%.

Examples E100 and E101 Enantiomers 1 -2: (11 ?)-14-chloro-5-[3-fluoro-1 -(2-methoxyethyl)piperidin-4-yl]-4,11 - dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17), 14- pentaene (E100-E101)

E100-E101 A solution of D133 (396 mg, 1.0 mmol), K ₂ C0 ₃ (692 mg, 5.0 mmol) and 1 -bromo-2- methoxyethane (209 mg, 1.5 mmol) in CH3CN (15 mL) was stirred overnight at 60 °C. The mixture was extracted with EtOAc (3x30 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated to give the racemic product (1 10 mg, yield 25%). The crude was purified by pre-HPLC and further separated by SFC (chiral method A) to give the title compounds as white solids.

E100: LC-MS: 454.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 7.76 (s, 1 H), 6.95 (br, 1 H), 5.32 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 1 H), 5.1 1 -4.83 (m, 1 H), 4.44 (dd, J= 2.4, 1 1.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.35-4.22 (m, 1 H), 4.05 (br, 1 H), 3.95-3.82 (m, 1 H), 3.64 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 2H), 3.53 (t, J= 5.2 Hz, 2H), 3.45-3.37 (m, 1 H), 3.37 (s, 3H), 3.03 (d, J= 1 1.2 Hz, 1 H), 2.77-2.57 (m, 2H), 2.50-2.33 (m, 1 H), 2.27-2.12 (m, 4H), 1 .98-1.68 (m, 2H), 1.34 (d, J= 7.0 Hz, 3H). ¹ F NMR (376 MHz, CDCb): δ -186.91 (s, 1 F). Chiral RT=3.734 min; ee= 100%.

E101 : LC-MS: 454.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.73 (s, 1 H), 5.52 (d, J= 5.6 Hz, 1 H), 5.05 - 4.69 (m, 1 H), 4.43 (d, J= 12.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.35-4.23 (m, 1 H), 4.05 (br, 1 H), 3.89 (d, J= 9.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.70-3.48 (m, 4H), 3.45-3.37 (m, 1 H), 3.37 (s, 3H), 3.07 (d, J= 1 1.2 Hz, 1 H), 2.72 (d, J= 5.6 Hz, 2H), 2.53-2.37 (m, 1 H), 2.24 (m, 4H), 1 .97-1.84 (m, 2H), 1.35 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). ¹ F NMR (376 MHz, CDCI3): δ -187.553 (s, 1 F). Chiral RT=5.943 min; ee= 100%.

Examples E102-E105

Enantiomers 1 -4: 14-chloro-4,11 -dimethyl-5-{4-[(1 S,4S)-2-oxa-5-azabicyclo[2.2.1] heptan-5-yl]cyclohexyl}-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo -[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]-hepta deca- 1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E102-105)

E102-E105 To a solution of D94 (200 mg, 0.51 mmol) and (1 S,4S)-2-oxa-5-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane hydrochloride (346 mg, 2.56 mmol) in MeOH (25 mL) was slowly added NaBH ₃ CN (97 mg, 1 .55 mmol) and the reaction was stirred for 16 hrs. Sat. NaHCC>3 (50 mL) was added and the mixture was stirred for 30 min. MeOH was evaporated and the mixture was filtered and extracted with DCM (3x25 mL). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over Na2S0 ₄ , filtered and concentrated. The crude was further chiral separated (chiral method A) to give the title compounds as yellow solids.

E102: LC-MS: 474.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.84 (s, 1 H), 6.05 (br, 1 H), 5.1 1 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 1 H), 4.56-4.25 (m, 3H), 4.05 (d, J= 7.6 Hz, 2H), 3.91 -3.53 (m, 3H), 3.1 1 (d, J= 9.6 Hz, 1 H), 2.47 (d, J= 10.2 Hz, 2H), 2.18 (s, 3H), 2.13-1 .72 (m, 1 1 H), 1.32 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT=2.841 min; ee=100%.

E103: LC-MS: 474.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 6.06 (br, 1 H), 5.1 1 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 1 H), 4.58-4.22 (m, 3H), 4.13-3.81 (m, 3H), 3.72-3.52 (m, 2H), 3.05 (d, J= 9.6 Hz, 1 H), 2.72 (br, 1 H), 2.47-2.20 (m, 3H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 2.04-1.47 (m, 10H), 1.32 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H) Chiral RT=3.031 min; ee=99.7%.

E104: LC-MS: 474.3[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.82 (s, 1 H), 6.05 (br, 1 H), 5.1 1 (d, J= 6.4 Hz, 1 H), 4.58-4.25 (m, 3H), 4.05 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 2H), 3.90-3.53 (m, 3H), 3.10 (d, J= 9.6 Hz, 1 H), 2.47 (d, J= 9.6 Hz, 2H), 2.18 (s, 3H), 2.1 1 -1 .74 (m, 1 1 H), 1.31 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT=3.296 min; ee= 97.5%

E105: LC-MS: 474.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 6.08 (br, 1 H), 5.1 1 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 1 H), 4.61 -4.20 (m, 3H), 4.1 1 -3.80 (m, 3H), 3.70-3.56 (m, 2H), 3.09 (d, J= 9.6 Hz, 1 H), 2.73 (br, 1 H), 2.44-2.21 (m, 3H), 2.19 (s, 3H), 1.99-1.71 (m, 6H), 1.68-1.48 (m, 4H), 1 .31 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 3.539 min; ee= 99.3%

Example E106

(11 ?)-14-chloro-4,11 -dimethyl -5-[3-(morpholin-4-yl)cyclobutyl]-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17- hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E106)

To a solution of D135 (100 mg, 0.3 mmol) in MeOH (20 mL) was added morpholine (130.7 mg, 1 .5 mmol) and AcOH (2 mL). After stirred at room temperature for 30min, NaBHsCN (94.26 mg, 1.5 mmol) was added. The reaction was stirred overnight at room temperature. The mixture was poured into the sat.NaCI (aq) and extracted with EtOAc (3x100 ml_). The combined organic layer was washed with brine, dried over anhydrous Na2S0 ₄ and concentrated in vacuo. The crude was purified by SFC to give the target product as an off- white solid (25 mg, yield 19%). LC-MS: 434.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): 5 7.72 (s, 1 H), 4.50-4.37 (m, 3H), 3.97-3.94 (m, 1 H), 3.75-3.73 (m, 4H), 2.73 (br, 1 H), 2.60-2.47 (m, 8H), 2.17 (s, 3H), 1.80-1.76 (m, 2H), 1 .30-1 .23 (m, 3H).

Example E107

(11 ?)-14-chloro-4,11 -dimethyl -5-[1 -(oxetan-3-yl)azetidin-3-yl]-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17- hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (E107)

To a solution of D160 (crude in MeOH (5 ml.)) at room temperature were added oxetan-3- one (130 mg, 1.8 mmol), NaBI- CN (189 mg, 3 mmol) and HOAc (1 ml_). The reaction was stirred under argon at 70 °C for 1 hour. The cooled mixture was diluted with water and then concentrated. The crude was purified by prep-HPLC to give the title compound as a white solid (53 mg, yield 22%). LC-MS: 406.1 [M+H] ⁺ . Ή NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): 5 7.95 (s, 1 H), 5.41 -5.35 (m, 1 H), 5.01 -4.93 (m, 2H), 4.78-4.68 (m, 4H), 4.65-4.61 (m, 2H), 4.55-4.52 (m, 1 H), 4.49-4.43 (m, 2H), 4.08 (br, 1 H), 2.24 (s, 3H), 1.97-1.83 (m, 2H), 1 .39 (s, 3H).

Examples (E108-E378) shown in Table 1 were prepared generally following the above- described Examples.

Table 1

14-Chloro-4,5-dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyc lo

[11.3.1.0 ³ ' ⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (16),3, 6, 13(17), 14-pentaene (E108)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E1 , starting from 1 ,5-dimethyl-1 /-/-pyrazole.

LC-MS: 295.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.82 (s, 1 H),

6.12 (s, 1 H), 5.56 (s, 1 H), 4.39 (t, J= 4.4 Hz, 2H), 3.64 (s, 3H), 3.52 (t, J= 4.8 Hz, 2H), 2.19 (s, 3H), 1.93 (s, 2H). 2.43-2.40 (m, 1 H), 2.31 -2.22 (m, 4H), 1 .93-1 .90 (m, 2H). Chiral RT=4.355 min (chiral method F); ee=100%.

E124: LCMS: 351 .5 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.79 (s, 1 H), 6.57 (s, 1 H), 5.62 (s, 1 H), 4.74-4.70 (m, 1 H), 4.39-4.37 (m, 3H), 4.17-4.1 1 (m, 2H), 3.99-3.91 (m, 2H), 3.54-3.50 (m, 2H), 2.43- 2.40(m, 1 H), 2.31 -2.22 (m, 4H), 1 .93-1 .90 (m, 2H). Chiral RT=4.731 min (chiral method A); ee=98.9%.

4- Methyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)-14-(trifluoromethyl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16- pentaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14- pentaene (E125)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E1 , starting from 2,4-dichloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine and D7.

LCMS: 398.5 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ HNMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ 7.86 (s, 1 H), 5.63 (s, 1 H), 4.66-4.62 (m, 1 H), 4.32-4.27 (m, 2H), 4.07-4.03 (m, 2H), 3.61 -3.55 (m, 1 H), 3.48-3.45 (m, 1 H), 2.21 -2.13 (m, 3H), 2.04-1 .90(m, 2H), 1.81 -1 .79 (m, 2H). ¹⁹ F NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD):

5 - 62.4 (s, 3F).

ΗΝ-Λ 4-Methyl-5-(oxolan-3-yl)-14-(trifluoromethyl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12 ,16,

17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14- pentaene (E126)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for

E126 / Jo preparing E1 , starting from 2,4-dichloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine and tetrahydrofuran-3-ol.

LCMS: 385.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 8.06 (s, 1 H), 6.82 (s, 1 H), 5.58 (s, 1 H), 4.75-4.71 (m, 1 H), 4.40-4.38 (m, 2H), 4.18-4.06 (m, 2H), 3.99-3.92 (m, 2H), 3.54-3.50 (m, 2H), 2.43- 2.37 (m, 2H), 2.30 (s, 3H), 2.06-1 .91 (m, 2H).

Enantiomers 1 -2: 4-methyl-5-(oxolan-3-yl)-14-(trifluoromethyl)- 8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca- 1 (16),3, 6,13(17),14-pentaene (E127-E128)

Compounds were prepared from chiral separation of E126.

E127: LCMS: 385.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCb): δ 8.06 (s,

1 H), 6.77 (s, 1 H), 5.58 (s, 1 H), 4.73-4.71 (m, 1 H), 4.39-4.38 (m, 2H), 4.18-4.06 (m, 2H), 3.99-3.92 (m, 2H), 3.54-3.49 (m, 2H), 2.43-2.37 (m, 2H), 2.3(s, 3H), 1.96-1.82 (m, 2H). ¹⁹ F NMR (400 MHz, CDCb): δ -60.9 (s, 3F). Chiral RT= 2.353 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E128: LCMS: 385.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCb): δ 8.06 (s, 1 H), 6.82 (s, 1 H), 5.58 (s, 1 H), 4.75-4.71 (m, 1 H), 4.40~4.38(m, 2H), 4.18-4.06 (m, 2H), 3.99-3.92 (m, 2H), 3.54-3.50 (m, 2H), 2.43-2.37 (m, 2H), 2.3(s, 3H), 1 .97-1 .91 (m, 2H). ¹⁹ F NMR (400 MHz, CDCb): δ -60.9 (s, 3F). Chiral RT= 3.581 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

RT= 2.577 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%. for

H),

for H),

8.29

8.29

for H), 14-Chloro-4-methyl-5-(3-methyloxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,1 7- hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14- pentaene (E139)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E8, starting from 3-methyltetrahydro-2/-/-pyran-4-ol.

LC-MS: 379.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 7.8 (s, 1 H), 6.42 (s, 1 H), 5.59 (s, 1 H), 4.39-4.37 (m, 2H), 4.26-4.21 (m, 2H), 3.92-3.89 (m, 1 H), 3.64-3.49 (m, 4H), 2.49-2.46 (m, 1 H), 2.21 (s, 3H), 2.07-2.05 (m, 1 H), 1.84-1.81 (m, 1 H), 1.30-1.21 (m, 2H), 0.89-0.84 (m, 3H).

Enantiomers 1 -2: 14-chloro-4-methyl-5-(3-methyloxan-4-yl)-8- oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca- 1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (E140-E141)

Compounds were prepared from chiral separation of E139.

E140: LC-MS: 379.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDsODj: δ 7.70

(s, 1 H), 4.46-4.41 (m, 1 H), 4.35-4.33 (m, 2H), 4.20-4.17 (m, 1 H), 3.86-3.83 (m, 1 H), 3.69-3.58 (m, 2H), 3.42-3.39 (m, 2H), 2.49- 2.44 (m, 1 H), 2.23 (s, 3H), 2.09-2.07 (m, 1 H), 1 .88-1 .76 (m, 3H), 0.84 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 4.006 min (chiral method A); ee=98.7%.

E141 : LC-MS: 379.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDsODj: δ 7.71 (s, 1 H), 4.46-4.41 (m, 1 H), 4.35-4.32 (m, 2H), 4.21 -4.16 (m, 1 H), 3.86-3.82 (m, 1 H), 3.69-3.58 (m, 2H), 3.42-3.40 (m, 2H), 2.48- 2.44 (m, 1 H), 2.23 (s, 3H), 2.09-2.07 (m, 1 H), 1.88-1.76 (m, 3H), 0.84 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 4.569 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

HN-— v 14-Chloro-5-(4,4-difluorocyclohexyl)-4-methyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12 ,

16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14- pentaene (E142)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for

^E142 preparing E1 , starting from D146.

F, LC-MS: 399.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.92 (s, 1 H), 6.95 (s, 1 H), 5.72 (s, 1 H), 4.43-4.33 (m, 2H), 4.02-3.95 (m, 1 H), 3.61 -3.55 (m, 2H), 2.39-2.31 (m, 7H), 1 .99-1 .85 (m, 6H).

14-Chloro-4-methyl-5-[(3-methyloxetan-3-yl)methyl]-8-oxa-2,5 , 6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17), 14-pentaene (E143)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E12, starting from D33 and (3-methyloxetan-3-yl)methyl methanesulfonate.

LC-MS: 365.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 6.17 (br, 1 H), 5.55 (br, 1 H), 4.77 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 2H), 4.38 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 2H), 4.34 (t, J= 4.4 Hz, 2H), 4.05 (s, 2H), 3.51 (dd, J= 10.8, 6.0 Hz, 2H), 2.18 (s, 3H), 1.91 (br, 2H), 1.26 (s, 3H).

Chiral RT= 5.461 min (chiral method F); ee= 100%. Enantiomers 1 -8: 14-Chloro-5-[4-(3-fluoropyrrolidin-1 -yl) cyclo hexyl]-4,11 -dimethyl -8 -oxa-2, 5, 6,12,16, 17-hexaazatricyclo

[11.3.1.0 ³ - ⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E156-E163)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E55, starting from D94 and 3-fluoropyrrolidine.

E156: LC-MS: 464.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.82 (s, 1 H), 6.05 (s, 1 H), 5.30-5.05 (m, 2H), 4.54-4.23 (m, 2H), 4.07-3.74 (m, 2H), 3.10-2.67 (m, 3H), 2.57-2.43 (m, 1 H), 2.18 (s, 3H), 2.14- 1 .75 (m, 1 1 H), 1 .48-1 .36 (m, 2H), 1.31 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). Chiral

RT= 2.744 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E157: LC-MS: 464.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 7.82 (s, 1 H), 6.07 (br, 1 H), 5.32-5.02 (m, 2H), 4.54-4.24 (m, 2H), 4.08- 3.79 (m, 2H), 3.06-2.88 (m, 2H), 2.87-2.69 (m, 1 H), 2.52 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 2.26-1.77 (m, 14H), 1 .49-1 .36 (m, 2H), 1.31 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 3.849 min (chiral method A); ee=100%.

E158: LC-MS: 464.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 6.04 (s, 1 H), 5.32-5.06 (m, 2H), 4.54-4.27 (m, 2H), 4.08- 3.83 (m, 2H), 3.00-2.55 (m, 4H), 2.45-2.22 (m, 3H), 2.19 (s, 3H), 2.15- 1 .98 (m, 3H), 1 .93-1 .78 (m, 2H), 1 .64-1 .48 (m, 4H), 1.31 (d, J= 6.4Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 6.065 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E159: LC-MS: 464.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 6.06 (br, 1 H), 5.32-5.01 (m, 2H), 4.57-4.27 (m, 2H), 4.1 1 - 3.86 (m, 2H), 3.07-2.53 (m, 4H), 2.43-2.24 (m, 3H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 2.1 1 -1 .98 (m, 3H), 1 .94-1.85 (m, 2H), 1.70-1.50 (m, 4H), 1 .32 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 6.985 min (chiral method A), 2.568 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E160: LC-MS: 464.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 6.07 (s, 1 H), 5.35-5.04 (m, 2H), 4.53-4.27 (m, 2H), 4.07-3.85 (m, 2H), 3.07-2.56 (m, 4H), 2.43-2.23 (m, 3H), 2.19 (s, 3H), 2.14- 1 .98 (m, 3H), 1 .94-1 .85 (m, 2H), 1 .70-1 .50 (m, 4H), 1.31 (d, J= 7.8 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 6.985 min (chiral method A), 3.107 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E161 : LC-MS: 464.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 6.05 (s, 1 H), 5.32-5.06 (m, 2H), 4.56-4.27 (m, 2H), 4.07-3.85 (m, 2H), 3.02-2.52 (m, 4H), 2.43-2.21 (m, 3H), 2.19 (s, 3H), 2.15-1 .96 (m, 3H), 1 .93-1 .84 (m, 2H), 1 .70-1 .47 (m, 4H), 1.31 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 8.389 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E162: LC-MS: 464.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 6.07 (s, 1 H), 5.31 -5.04 (m, 2H), 4.54-4.23 (m, 2H), 4.08-3.76 (m, 2H), 3.1 1 -2.69 (m, 3H), 2.59-2.38 (m, J= 6.4 Hz, 1 H), 2.18 (s, 3H), 2.15-1 .72 (m, 1 1 H), 1 .48-1.37 (m, 2H), 1 .31 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 8.759 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E163: LC-MS: 464.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 6.1 1 (s, 1 H), 5.25-5.1 1 (m, 2H), 4.54-4.21 (m, 2H), 4.10-3.67 (m, 2H), 3.1 1 -2.69 (m, 3H), 2.57-2.41 (m, 1 H), 2.24-1.79 (m, 14H), 1 .48-1 .36 (m, 2H), 1.31 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 9.940 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%. Enantiomers 1-4: 2-{14-Chloro-4,10,11-trimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6, 12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaen-5-yl}-2-methylpropanenitrile (E164-E167)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E43.

E164: LC-MS: 376.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.82 (s, 1H), 6.29 (s, 1H), 4.87 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 1H), 4.36-4.11 (m, 3H), 2.46

(s, 3H), 1.96 (s, 3H), 1.92 (s, 3H), 1.90-1.84 (m, 1H), 1.32 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H), 0.82 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 2.942 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E165: LC-MS: 376.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): 57.84 (s, 1H), 6.13 (s, 1H), 5.18 (d, J= 7.6 Hz, 1H), 4.35-4.18 (m, 2H), 4.14 -4.01 (m, 1H), 2.46 (s, 3H), 2.05-1.99 (m, 1H), 1.98 (s, 3H), 1.91 (s, 3H), 1.19 (d, J= 7.6 Hz, 3H), 0.93 (d, J= 7.6 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 4.144 min (chiral method A); ee= 99.5%.

E126: LC-MS: 376.3[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCb): δ 7.82 (s, 1H), 6.18 (s, 1H), 4.87 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 1H), 4.32-4.19 (m, 3H), 2.46 (s, 3H), 1.96 (s, 3H), 1.92 (s, 3H), 1.90-1.84 (m, 1H), 1.32 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H), 0.82 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 4.732 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E167: LC-MS: 376.3[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCb): 57.84 (s, 1H), 6.15 (s, 1H), 5.18 (d, J= 7.6 Hz, 1H), 4.34-4.20 (m, 2H), 4.14 -4.04 (m, 1H), 2.46 (s, 3H), 2.06-1.99 (m, 1H), 1.98 (s, 3H), 1.91 (s, 3H), 1.19 (d, J= 7.6 Hz, 3H), 0.93 (d, J= 7.6 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 5.656 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

Enantiomers 1-2: 14-Bromo-11-(methoxymethyl)-4-methyl-5- (oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ] heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (E168-E169)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E35, starting from 5-bromo-2,4-dichloropyrimidine.

E168: LC-MS: 453.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.91 (s,

E168-E169 1H), 6.18 (s, 1H), 5.69 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 1H), 4.50-4.46 (m, 1H), 4.36- 4.31 (m, 1H), 4.12-4.05 (m, 4H), 3.54-3.45 (m, 4H), 3.41 (s, 3H), 2.31-2.20 (m, 5H), 2.05-2.01 (m, 1H), 1.82-1.73 (m, 3H). Chiral RT= 2.382 min (chiral method B); ee= 99.7%.

E169: LC-MS: 453.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.86 (s, 1 H), 5.97 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 1 H), 4.48 (dd, J= 11.6, 2.8 Hz, 1 H), 4.34- 4.28 (m, 1H), 4.12-4.05 (m, 4H), 3.54-3.46 (m, 4H), 3.42 (s, 3H), 2.31-2.21 (m, 5H), 2.07-2.03 (m, 1H), 1.81-1.74 (m, 3H). Chiral RT= 3.057 min (chiral method B); ee= 99.8%.

HN— (* Enantiomers 1-8: 14-Chloro-5-(3-methoxycyclohexyl)-4,11- dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ] heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E170-E177)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used

E170-E177 ' for preparing E79, starting from D73 and 3-methoxycyclohexyl methanesulfonate. E170: LC-MS: 407.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.72 (s, 1H), 4.41 (d, J= 6.0, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 4.27 (t, J= 9.6 Hz, 2H), 3.95- 3.93 (m, 1H), 3.74 (br, 1H), 3.35 (s, 3H), 2.19 (s, 3H), 2.09-1.95 (m, 3H), 1.82-1.72 (m, 5H), 1.66-1.41 (m, 2H), 1.29 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 2.920 min (chiral method F); ee= 100%.

E171 : LC-MS: 407.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.72 (s, 1H), 4.42-4.38 (m, 1H), 4.27 (td, J= 8.4 Hz, 2.0 Hz, 2H), 3.95-3.93 (m, 1H), 3.74 (br, 1H), 3.35 (s, 3H), 2.19 (s, 3H),

2.09-1.95 (m, 3H), 1.82-1.72 (m, 5H), 1.66-1.41 (m, 2H), 1.29 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 3.071 min (chiral method F); ee= 100%.

E172: LC-MS: 407.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.64 (s, 1H), 4.32 (d, J= 12.0 Hz, 1H), 4.19 (t, J= 9.6 Hz, 2H), 3.85-3.80 (m, 1H), 3.64 (br, 1H), 3.30 (s, 3H), 2.10 (s, 3H), 1.93-1.78 (m, 5H), 1.71-1.57 (m, 4H), 1.34-1.32 (m, 1H), 1.21 (d, J= 6.8 MHz, 3H). Chiral RT= 3.10 min (chiral method F), 4.10 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E173: LC-MS: 407.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.72 (s, 1H), 4.42-4.39 (m, 1H), 4.29-4.24 (m, 2H), 3.95-3.91 (m, 1H), 3.73 (br, 1H), 3.35 (s, 3H), 2.19 (s, 3H), 2.02-1.65 (m, 10H), 1.45-1.37 (m, 1H), 1.29 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT =3.135 min (chiral method F); ee=100%.

E174: LC-MS: 407.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.72 (s, 1H), 4.41-4.38 (m, 1H), 4.29 (t, J= 12.0 Hz, 1H), 4.08-4.03 (m, 1H), 3.95-3.92 (m, 1H), 3.35 (s, 3H), 3.33-3.30 (m, 1H), 2.28 (d, J= 12.0 Hz, 1H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 2.10 (d, J= 12.0 Hz, 1H), 1.90-1.72 (m, 6H), 1.43-1.40 (m, 1H), 1.30 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H), 1.21-1.14 (m, 1H). Chiral RT= 3.272 min (chiral method F); ee= 100%.

E175: LC-MS: 407.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.62 (s, 1H), 4.30 (dq, J= 12.0, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 4.18 (td, J= 8.8, 2.4 Hz , 1H), 4.00-3.92 (m, 1H), 3.85-3.82 (m, 1H), 3.27 (s, 3H), 3.24-3.21 (m, 1H), 2.10 (s, 3H), 2.12-2.08 (m, 1H), 2.01 (d, J= 7.6 Hz, 1H), 1.83-1.61 (m, 6H), 1.34-1.31 (m, 1H), 1.19 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H), 1.08~1.05(m, 1H). Chiral RT= 3.484 min (chiral method F); ee= 100%.

E176: LC-MS: 407.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.72 (s, 1H), 4.41-4.38 (m, 1H), 4.28 (t, J= 9.6 Hz, 1H), 4.06-4.04 (m, 1H), 3.98-3.90 (m, 1H), 3.38 (s, 3H), 3.33-3.30 (m, 1H), 2.27 (d, J= 12.0 Hz, 1H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 2.12 (d, J= 12.0 H, 1H), 1.91-1.69 (m, 6H), 1.43-1.40 (m, 1H), 1.30 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H), 1.18-1.14 (m, 1H). Chiral RT= 3.571 min (chiral method F); ee= 99.1%.

E177: LC-MS: 407.4 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.72 (s, 1H), 4.42-4.38 (m, 1H), 4.30-4.25 (m, 1H), 4.07-4.02 (m, 1H), 3.95-3.91 (m, 1H), 3.37 (s, 3H), 3.33-3.30 (m, 1H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 2.20-2.14 (m, 1H), 2.12-2.10 (m, 1H), 1.93-1.69 (m, 6H), 1.44- 1.41 (m, 1H), 1.29 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H), 1.18-1.14 (m, 1H). Chiral RT= 3.830 min (chiral method F); ee= 100%. Enantiomers 1-4: 14-Chloro-5-(3-methoxycyclohexyl)-4-methyl- 8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ]heptadeca- 1(16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (E178-E181)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E12, starting from D33 and 3-methoxycyclohexyl methanesulfonate.

E178: LC-MS: 393.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.81 (s, 1H), 6.12 (s, 1H), 5.53 (t, J= 5.6 Hz, 1H), 4.38 (t, J= 5.2 Hz, 2H), 4.25-4.18 (m, 1H), 3.71 (br, 1H), 3.54-3.45 (m, 2H), 3.33 (s, 3H), 2.19 (s, 3H), 2.12-1.99 (m, 2H), 1.94-1.84 (m, 6H), 1.75-1.61 (m, 1H), 1.44-1.38 (m, 1H). Chiral RT= 2.363 min (chiral method G); ee= 100%.

E179: LC-MS: 393.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 7.80 (s, 1H), 6.35 (s, 1H), 5.55 (s, 1H), 4.39 (d, J= 4.0 Hz, 2H), 4.25-4.19 (m, 1H), 3.71 (br, 1H), 3.52 (d, J= 4.8 Hz, 2H), 3.33 (s, 3H), 2.19 (s, 3H), 2.12-2.00 (m, 2H), 1.91-1.86 (m, 6H), 1.78-1.66 (m, 1H), 1.43-1.36 (m, 1H). Chiral RT= 3.676 min (chiral method G); ee= 100%.

E180: LC-MS: 393.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCb): δ 7.78 (s, 1H), 6.76 (s, 1H), 5.69 (t, J= 6.4 Hz, 1H), 4.38 (t, J= 4.8 Hz, 2H), 3.89-3.85 (m, 1H), 3.53 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 2H), 3.37 (s, 3H), 3.28-3.20 (m, 1H), 2.29-2.25 (m, 1H), 2.21 (s, 3H), 2.11-2.07 (m, 1H), 1.98-1.80 (m, 6H), 1.36-1.20 (m, 2H). Chiral RT= 3.770 min (chiral method G); ee= 100%.

E181 : LC-MS: 393.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.81 (s, 1H), 6.13 (s, 1H), 5.54 (s, 1H), 4.39 (t, J= 4.8 Hz, 2H), 3.89-3.85 (m, 1H), 3.52 (d, J= 4.0 Hz, 2H), 3.37 (s, 3H), 3.28-3.20 (m, 1H), 2.29-2.26 (m, 1H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 2.11-2.08 (m, 1H), 1.94-1.80 (m, 6H), 1.36-1.20 (m, 2H). Chiral RT= 7.785 min (chiral method G); ee= 100%.

Enantiomers 1-4: 14-Chloro-4,11-dimethyl-5-[1-(oxan-4-yl)ethyl] -8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ]heptadeca- 1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E182-E185)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E78, starting from D73 and 1-(tetrahydro-2/-/-pyran-4- yl)ethyl methanesulfonate.

E182: LC-MS: 407.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.82 (s, 1H), 6.04 (s, 1H), 5.11 (s, 1H), 4.51-4.34 (m, 1H), 4.30-4.25 (m, 1H), 4.09-3.93 (m, 3H), 3.78-3.73 (m, 1H), 3.43-3.33 (m, 2H), 2.30 (s, 3H), 2.16-1.99 (m, 1H), 1.93-1.83 (m, 2H), 1.76-1.73 (m, 2H), 1.59-1.51 (m, 3H), 1.50 (d, J= 4.8 Hz, 3H), 1.47-1.39 (m, 2H). Chiral RT= 2.471 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E183: LC-MS: 407.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.82 (s, 1 H), 6.11 (s, 1 H), 5.12 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.50 (dd, J = 3.2, 3.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.29 (t, J= 20.8 Hz, 1 H), 4.09-4.01 (m, 2H), 3.98-3.93 (m, 1 H), 3.78-3.73 (m, 1H), 3.40 (t, J= 22.0 Hz, 1H), 3.35-3.29 (m, 1H), 2.16 (s, 3H), 2.13 (br, 1H), 1.93-1.83 (m, 2H), 1.76-1.73 (m, 2H), 1.59-1.51 (m, 3H), 1.49 (d, J= 4.0 Hz, 3H), 1.46-1.38 (m, 2H). Chiral RT= 2.967 min (chiral method A); ee= 98.5%. E184: LC-MS: 407.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.82 (s, 1H), 6.03 (s, 1H), 5.12 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 1H), 4.49 (dd, J= 3.2, 2.8 Hz, 1H), 4.32 (t, J= 21.2 Hz, 1H), 4.02-3.99 (m, 2H), 3.89-3.86 (m, 1H), 3.74-3.70 (m, 1H), 3.41-3.27 (m, 2H), 2.16 (s, 3H), 2.06-2.01 (m, 1H), 1.93-1.83 (m, 2H), 1.76-1.73 (m, 2H), 1.59-1.51 (m, 3H), 1.50 (d, J= 4.0Hz, 3H), 1.40-1.38 (m, 2H). Chiral RT= 4.335 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E185: LC-MS: 407.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 7.82 (s, 1H), 6.04 (s, 1H), 5.12 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 1H), 4.49 (dd, J= 6.8, 4.8 Hz, 1H), 4.41 (t, J= 15.2 Hz, 1H), 4.32-4.01 (m, 2H), 4.00-3.89 (m, 1H), 3.86-3.68 (m, 1H), 3.41-3.27 (m, 2H), 2.16 (s, 3H), 2.09-2.01 (m, 1H), 1.92-1.86 (m, 2H), 1.83-1.60 (m, 2H), 1.59-1.51 (m, 3H), 1.48 (d, J= 4.8 Hz, 3H), 1.40-1.38 (m, 2H). Chiral RT= 6.023 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

Enantiomers 1-2: 14-Chloro-4-methyl-5-[1-(oxan-4-yl)ethyl]-8- oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ]heptadeca-1(16), 3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E186-E187)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E12, starting from D33 and 1-(tetrahydro-2/-/-pyran-4- yl)ethyl methanesulfonate.

E186: LC-MS: 393.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCb): δ 7.83 (s, 1H), 6.11 (s, 1H), 5.55 (t, J= 6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.40 (t, J= 4.8 Hz, 2H), 4.03 (dd, J= 11.2, 3.6 Hz, 1H), 3.91 (d, J= 12.8 Hz, 1H), 3.78-3.68 (m, 1H), 3.57-3.47 (m, 2H), 3.45-3.25 (m, 2H), 2.19 (s, 3H), 2.13-2.04 (m, 1H), 1.99-1.84 (m, 2H), 1.78-1.74 (m, 1H), 1.44 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H), 1.42-1.35 (m, 1H), 1.19-1.10 (m, 2H). Chiral RT= 4.333 min (chiral method E); ee= 100%.

E187: LC-MS: 393.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCb): δ 7.83 (s, 1H), 6.14 (s, 1H), 5.56 (t, J= 6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.40 (t, J= 4.8 Hz, 2H), 4.03 (dd, J= 11.2, 3.6 Hz, 1H), 3.90 (d, J= 10.4 Hz, 1H), 3.79-3.69 (m, 1H), 3.57-3.46 (m, 2H), 3.44-3.28 (m, 2H), 2.19 (s, 3H), 2.13-2.04 (m, 1 H), 1.98-1.86 (m, 2H), 1.78-1.74 (m, 1 H), 1.44 (d, J= 6.4 Hz, 3H), 1.38-1.32 (m, 1H), 1.22-1.14 (m, 2H). Chiral RT= 5.538 min (chiral method E); ee= 100%.

2-{14-Chloro-4-methyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo

[11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaen-5-yl}-2- methylpropanoate (E188)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E37, starting from D33.

LC-MS: 395.1 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCb): δ 7.80 (s, 1 H), 6.21 (s, 1H), 5.54 (br, 1H), 4.39 (t, J= 4.4 Hz, 2H), 4.23 (q, J= 7.2 Hz, 2H), 3.55-3.51 (m, 2H), 2.10 (s, 3H), 1.91 (br, 2H), 1.76 (s, 6H), 1.27 (t, J= 7.0 Hz, 3H).

2-{14-Chloro-4-methyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo

[11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaen-5-yl}-2-

IT Λy,Νi methylpropanoic acid (E189)

E189 ^H0 Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E39, starting from E188. LC-MS: 367.1 [Μ+Η] ⁺ . ¹ Η NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ): δ 13.07 (br, 1Η), 8.33 (s, 1Η), 7.77 (s, 1H), 7.36 (t, J= 5.6 Hz, 1H), 4.20 (br, 2H), 2.07(s, 3H), 1.71 (br, 2H), 1.62 (s, 6H). (2H overlapped).

2-{14-Chloro-4-methyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricycl o

[11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaen-5-yl}-2- methylpropanamide (E190)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E41, starting from E189.

LC-MS: 366.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ): δ 8.32 (s, 1 H), 7.77 (s, 1 H), 7.32 (s, 1 H), 7.26 (s, 1 H), 7.02 (s, 1 H), 4.23 (br, 2H), 2.07 (s, 3H), 1.73 (br, 2H), 1.56 (s, 6H). (2H overlapped).

2-{14-Chloro-4-methyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricycl o

[11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaen-5-yl}-2- methylpropanenitrile (E191)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for

Ε191

preparing E43, starting from E190.

LC-MS: 348.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ): δ 8.48 (s, 1H), 7.79 (s, 1H), 7.48 (s, 1H), 4.23 (br, 2H), 2.36 (s, 3H), 1.89 (s, 6H), 1.76 (br, 2H). (2H overlapped).

Enantiomers 1-2: 14-Chloro-4-methyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)-11-(trifluoro methyl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ] heptadeca-1(16),3, 6,13(17),14-pentaene (E192-E193)

Ε192-Ε193

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E88, starting from 3-amino-4,4,4-trifluorobutan-1-ol.

E192: LC-MS: 433.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.91 (s, 1H), 6.54 (s, 1H), 5.42 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.72-4.66 (m, 1H), 4.51-4.39 (m, 2H), 4.11-4.06 (m, 3H), 3.51 (t, J= 9.6 Hz, 2H), 2.36- 2.23 (m, 3H), 2.23 (s, 3H), 1.85-1.76 (m, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, CDCI3): 5-75.66. Chiral RT= 2.935 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E193: LC-MS: 433.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 7.91 (s, 1H), 6.46 (s, 1H), 5.37 (d, J= 8.4 Hz, 1H), 4.72-4.66 (m, 1H), 4.51-4.39 (m, 2H), 4.11-4.06 (m, 3H), 3.54-3.49 (m, 2H), 2.36- 2.22 (m, 3H), 2.22 (s, 3H), 1.85-1.76 (m, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, CDCb): 5-75.68. Chiral RT= 4.593 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

Enantiomers 1-4: 14-Chloro-5-(2,6-dimethyloxan-4-yl)-4,11- dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ] heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E194-E197)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E79, starting from D73 and 2,6-dimethyltetrahydro-2/-/- pyran-4-yl methanesulfonate.

E194: LC-MS: 407.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.77 (s, 1H), 7.03 (br, 1H), 5.35 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.49-4.43 (m, 2H), 4.34-4.26 (m, 3H), 4.05-4.03 (m, 1H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 1.92-1.82 (m, 3Η), 1.68-1.60 (m, 3Η), 1 .28 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H), 1.18 (dd, J= 4.0 Hz, 6H). Chiral RT= 3.054 min (chiral method F); ee= 100%.

E195: LC-MS: 407.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 6.22 (br, 1 H), 5.15(d, J= 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.49 (dd, J= 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.33 (t, J= 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.13-4.02 (m, 2H), 3.60-3.58 (m, 2H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 1.88-1 .79 (m, 6H), 1 .32 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H) ,1 .27 (dd, J= 8.0 Hz, 6H). Chiral RT= 3.425 min (chiral method F); ee= 99.7%.

E196: LC-MS: 407.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 7.76 (s, 1 H), 7.15 (br, 1 H), 5.37 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.49-4.42 (m, 2H), 4.44- 4.26 (m, 3H), 4.04 (br, 1 H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 1 .96-1 .82 (m, 4H), 1 .72-1 .60 (br, 2H), 1 .35 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H) ,1 .18 (dd, J= 6.0 Hz, 6H). Chiral RT= 4.066 min (chiral method F); ee= 100%.

E197: LC-MS: 407.2 [M+H] ⁺ . H NMR (400 MHz, CDCb): δ 7.78 (s, 1 H), 6.66 (br, 1 H), 5.25 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.48 (dd, J= 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.32 (t, J= 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.13-4.02 (m, 2H), 3.61 -3.57 (m, 2H), 2.21 (s, 3H), 1.93-1 .79 (m, 6H), 1 .33 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H) ,1 .27 (t, J= 6.0 Hz, 6H). Chiral RT= 4.646 min (chiral method F); ee= 100%.

Isomers 1 -2: 14-Chloro-5-(2,6-dimethyloxan-4-yl)-10-methoxy-4- methyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ] heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (E198-E199)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E79, using D13 and 2,6-dimethyltetrahydro-2H-pyran- 4-yl methanesulfonate as starting materials.

E198: LC-MS: 423.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.84 (s, 1 H), 6.18 (s, 1 H), 5.71 -5.68 (m, 1 H), 4.50 (d, J= 10.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.31 (t, J= 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.13-4.07 (m, 1 H), 3.93-3.88 (m, 1 H), 3.61 -3.57 (m, 2H), 3.41 (s, 3H), 3.34-3.27 (m, 2H), 2.19 (s, 3H), 1.90-1.76 (m, 4H), 1.27(t, J= 6.0 Hz, 6H). Chiral RT= 1 .166 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E199: LC-MS: 423.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.83 (s, 1 H), 6.33 (s, 1 H), 5.75-5.73 (m, 1 H), 4.50 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.24 (t, J= 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.12-4.09 (m, 1 H), 3.94-3.88 (m, 1 H), 3.61 -3.58 (m, 2H), 3.42 (s, 3H), 3.35-3.28 (m, 2H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 1.90-1.76 (m, 4H), 1.20 (t, J= 6.0 Hz, 6H). Chiral RT= 2.495 min (chiral method A); ee= 99.8%.

HN— . Enantiomers 1 -2: 14-Chloro-5-(2,6-dimethyloxan-4-yl)-4-methyl- 8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca- 1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E200-E201 )

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E12, starting from D33 and 2,6-dimethyltetrahydro-2H- pyran-4-yl methanesulfonate.

Ε200-201 / ° E200: LC-MS: 393.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.82 (s,

1 H), 6.12 (s, 1 H), 5.54 (t, J= 5.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.42-4.34 (m, 5H), 3.52 (dd, J= 10.6, 5.8 Hz, 2H), 2.18 (s, 3H), 1.93 (br, 2H), 1.89-1.86 (m, 2H), 1.68-1 .60 (m, 2H), 1.18 (d, J= 6.4 Hz, 6H). Chiral RT= 5.313 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E201 : LC-MS: 393.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.80 (s, 1 H), 6.33 (s, 1 H), 5.54 (t, J= 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.40 (t, J= 4.4 Hz, 2H), 4.13-4.07 (m, 1H), 3.61-3.58 (m, 2H), 3.54-3.49 (m, 2H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 1.91-1.79 (m, 6H), 1.27 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 6H). Chiral RT= 6.132 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

Enantiomers 1-2: 14-Chloro-4-methyl-5-(2-methyloxan-4-yl)-8- oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ]heptadeca- 1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E202-E203)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E12, starting from D33 and 2-methyltetrahydro-2/-/- pyran-4-yl methanesulfonate.

E202: LC-MS: 379.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.79 (s,

1H), 6.61 (s, 1H), 5.61 (t, J= 5.6 Hz, 1H), 4.39 (t, J= 4.4 Hz, 2H), 4.33-4.30 (m, 1H), 4.24-4.19 (m, 1H), 3.86-3.82 (m, 1H), 3.53 (dd, J= 10.8, 5.6 Hz, 2H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 2.03-1.94 (m, 5H), 1.75-1.70 (m, 1H), 1.20 (d, J= 6.4 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 2.788 min (chiral method C); ee= 100%.

E203: LC-MS: 379.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 7.79 (s, 1H), 6.61 (s, 1H), 5.64 (t, J= 5.6 Hz, 1H), 4.39 (t, J= 4.4 Hz, 2H), 4.33-4.30 (m, 1H), 4.23-4.19 (m, 1H), 3.85-3.82 (m, 1H), 3.53 (q, J = 5.6 Hz, 2H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 2.03-1.93 (m, 5H), 1.74-1.69 (m, 1H), 1.20 (d, J= 6.4 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 2.963 min (chiral method C); ee= 100%.

HN— O— Enantiomers 1-4: 14-Chloro-10-methoxy-4-methyl-5-(2-methyl

^" y oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo [11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ] heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E204-E207)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E12, using D13 and 2-methyltetrahydro-2/-/-pyran-4-yl methanesulfonate as starting materials.

E204-207 E204: LC-MS: 409.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.84 (s,

1H), 6.12 (s, 1H), 5.68 (br, 1H), 4.49 (d, J= 12.0 Hz, 1H), 4.39 (t, J = 4.0 Hz, 1H), 4.31 (t, J= 12.0 Hz, 1H), 4.20-4.08 (m, 1H), 3.95-3.90 (m,1H), 3.86-3.81 (m, 1H), 3.55-3.51 (m,1H), 3.44 (d, J= 12.0 Hz, 3H), 3.36-3.27 (m, 2H), 2.18 (t, J= 4.0 Hz, 3H), 2.04-2.01 (m,1H), 1.90-1.86 (m,1H), 1.75-1.68 (m,1H), 1.26 (t, J= 12.0 Hz, 2H), 1.20 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 2.282 min (chiral method C); ee= 100%.

E205: LC-MS: 409.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.84 (s, 1H), 6.12 (s, 1H), 5.69 (br, 1H), 4.48 (d, J= 12.0 Hz, 1H), 4.40 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.31 (t, J= 12.0 Hz, 2H), 4.18 (t, J= 8.0 Hz, 1H), 3.91- 3.88 (m, 1H), 3.85-3.82 (m,1H), 3.43 (s, 3H), 3.36-3.26 (m, 2H), 2.18 (d, J=4.0 Hz, 3H), 2.03-1.91 (m, 3H), 1.74-1.67 (m, 1H), 1.19 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 2.390 min (chiral method C); ee= 95%.

E206: LC-MS: 409.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.84 (s, 1H), 6.18 (s, 1H), 5.69 (br, 1H), 4.49 (d, J= 12.0 Hz, 1H), 4.39 (t, J= 4.0 Hz, 1H), 4.31 (t, J= 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.20-4.08 (m, 1H), 3.93-3.829 (m, 1 H), 3.85-3.82 (m, 1 H), 3.54 (t, J= 12.0 Hz, 1 H), 3.43 (d, J= 4.0 Hz, 3H), 3.36-3.27 (m, 2H), 2.18 (t, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H), 2.04-1.98 (m, 1 H), 1.90-1.81 (m, 1 H), 1.75-1.68 (m, 1 H), 1.25 (t, J= 6.0 Hz, 2H),

2F). Chiral RT= 4.356 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%. Enantiomers 1 -4: 14-Chloro-5-[2-(3-fluoropyrrolidin-1 -yl)ethyl]- 4,11 -dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo [11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ] heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E216-E219)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E208, starting from D163 and 3-fluoropyrrolidine.

E216: LC-MS: 410.1 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 6.33 (br, 1 H), 5.23-5.08 (m, 2H), 4.48-4.45 (m, 1 H), 4.33 (t, J=

10.4 Hz, 1 H), 4.1 1 -4.00 (m, 3H), 3.01 -2.84 (m, 5H), 2.64 (br, 1 H),

2.23 (s, 3H), 2.18-2.07 (m, 2H), 1 .89-1 .83 (m, 2H), 1 .31 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ -168.59 (m, 1 F). Chiral RT= 3.145 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E217: LC-MS: 410.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 6.46 (br, 1 H), 5.25-5.12 (m, 2H), 4.48-4.45 (m, 1 H), 4.32 (t, J= 10.4 Hz, 1 H), 4.16-4.02 (m, 3H), 3.06-2.89 (m, 5H), 2.74 (br, 1 H),

2.24 (s, 3H), 2.20-2.09 (m, 2H), 1 .93-1 .79 (m, 2H), 1 .32 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ -168.59 (m, 1 F). Chiral RT= 3.495 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E218: LC-MS: 410.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 6.32 (br, 1 H), 5.23-5.10 (m, 2H), 4.47 (dd, J= 10.8, 3.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.33 (t, J= 10.8 Hz, 1 H), 4.10-4.02 (m, 3H), 3.00-2.80 (m, 5H), 2.59 (br, 1 H), 2.22 (s, 3H), 2.20-2.03 (m, 2H), 1.93-1.79 (m, 2H), 1 .32 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ -168.59 (m, 1 F). Chiral RT= 6.121 min (chiral method A), 6.084 min (chiral method E); ee= 100%.

E219: LC-MS: 410.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 6.34 (br, 1 H), 5.23-5.09 (m, 2H), 4.47 (dd, J= 1 1.6, 2.8 Hz, 1 H), 4.33 (t, J= 10.8 Hz, 1 H), 4.12-4.00 (m, 3H), 3.01 -2.84 (m, 5H), 2.65 (br, 1 H), 2.23 (s, 3H), 2.20-2.05 (m, 2H), 1.89-1.79 (m, 2H), 1 .32 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ -168.59 (m, 1 F). Chiral RT= 6.121 min (chiral method A), 7.151 min (chiral method E); ee=99.6%.

14-Chloro-4-methyl-5-[2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl]-8-oxa-2,5,6,1 2, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14- pentaene (E220)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for

E220 preparing E12, starting from D33 and 4-(2-chloroethyl)morpholine hydrochloride.

LC-MS: 394.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.82 (s, 1 H), 6.18 (s, 1 H), 5.55 (s, 1 H), 4.38 (t, J= 4.4 Hz, 2H), 4.00 (t, J= 6.8 Hz, 2H), 3.69 (t, J= 4.4 Hz, 4H), 3.51 (dd, J= 10.8, 6.0 Hz, 2H), 2.72 (t, J= 6.8 Hz, 2H), 2.48 (t, J= 4.2 Hz, 4H), 2.21 (s, 3H), 1.92 (br, 2H).

14-Chloro-4-methyl-5-{2-[(1 S,4S)-2-oxa-5-azabicyclo[2.2.1] heptan-5-yl]ethyl}-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo

[11.3.1.0 ³ - ⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E221 )

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for

E221 preparing E12, starting from D33 and (1 S,4S)-5-(2-chloroethyl)-2- oxa-5-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane. (400 MHz, CDCIs): 5-61.03 (s, 3F). Chiral RT= 3.254 min (chiral method A); ee=97.6%.

E228: LC-MS: 429.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 7.97 (s, 1H), 7.21 (br, 1H), 6.39 (br, 1H), 4.46 (d, J= 12.0 Hz, 1H), 4.28 (t, J= 12.0 Hz, 1H), 4.05-3.87 (m, 4H), 3.61 (t, J= 12.0 Hz, 1H), 3.43 (s, 3H), 3.39-3.31 (m, 3H), 2.28 (s, 3H), 2.25-2.21 (m, 1H), 2.07-2.00 (m, 1H), 1.81-1.77 (m, 2H). ¹⁹ F NMR (400 MHz, CDCb): 5-61.03 (s, 3 F). Chiral RT= 3.644 min (chiral method A); ee= 98.9%.

Enantiomers 1-4: 14-Chloro-10-methoxy-4-methyl-5-(oxan-3-yl)- 8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ]heptadeca- 1 (17),3,6, 13,15-pentaene (E229-E232)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E2, using D25 and D13 as starting materials.

E229: LC-MS: 395.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCb): δ 7.81 (s, 1H), 7.24 (br, 1H), 5.85 (br, 1H), 4.48 (d, J= 12.0 Hz, 1H), 4.26 (t, J= 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.06-3.87 (m, 4H), 3.72 (t, J= 8.0 Hz, 1H ), 3.46-3.43 (m, 1H), 3.42 (s, 3H), 3.38-3.31 (m, 2H), 2.21 (s, 3H), 2.18-2.10 (m, 1H), 1.92-1.92 (m,1 H), 1.82-1.80 (m, 2H). Chiral RT= 4.202 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E230: LC-MS: 395.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.80 (s, 1H), 6.95 (br, 1H), 5.90 (br, 1H), 4.47 (d, J= 12.0 Hz, 1H), 4.29 (t, J= 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.07-3.88 (m, 4H), 3.62 (t, J= 8.0 Hz, 1H ), 3.46-3.45 (m, 1H), 3.42 (s, 3H), 3.36-3.33 (m, 2H), 2.28-2.25 (m, 1H), 2.22 (s, 3H), 2.07-2.04 (m, 1 H), 1.83-1.78 (m, 2H). Chiral RT= 4.381 min (chiral method A); ee= 99.1%.

E231 : LC-MS: 395.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): 511.41 (s, 1H), 7.68 (s, 1H), 6.60 (br, 1H), 4.47 (d, J= 12.0 Hz, 1H), 4.29 (t, J= 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.06-4.04 (m, 1H), 3.96-3.88 (m, 3H), 3.60 (t, J= 8.0 Hz, 1H ), 3.48-3.47 (m, 1H), 3.44 (s, 3H), 3.32-3.30 (m, 2H), 2.28 (s, 3H), 2.25-2.21 (m, 1H), 2.06-2.03 (m,1 H), 1.83-1.78 (m, 2H). Chiral RT= 4.958 min (chiral method A); ee= 99.7%.

E232: LC-MS: 395.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.79 (s, 1 H), 7.02 (br, 1 H), 5.90 (br, 1 H), 4.48 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.26 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.06-3.88 (m, 4H), 3.72 (t, J= 8.0 Hz, 1H ), 3.46-3.44 (m, 1H), 3.42 (s, 3H), 3.34 (d, J= 12.0 Hz, 2H), 2.22 (s, 3H), 2.16-2.08 (m, 1H), 2.07-2.00 (m,1 H), 1.93-1.80 (m, 2H). Chiral RT= 5.157 min (chiral method A); ee= 99.6%.

Enantiomers 1-4: 14-Chloro-5-(3-fluorooxan-4-yl)-4-methyl-8- oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ]heptadeca- 1(16),3,6,13 (17),14-pentaene (E233-E236)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E21 , starting from D50 and ief-butyl (3- bromopropyl)carbamate.

E233: LC-MS: 383.1 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.70 (s, 1H), 4.85-4.71 (m, 1H), 4.37-4.32 (m, 3H), 4.19-4.15 (q, J= 5.6 Hz, 1H), 4.00-3.97 (m, 1H), 3.54 (t, J= 24 Hz, 1H), 3.43-3.34 (m, 3H), 2.34-2.30 (m, 1 H), 2.23 (s, 3H), 1.97-1.78 (m, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ -195.37 (s, F). Chiral RT= 3.299 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E234: LC-MS: 383.1 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.70 (s, 1 H), 4.75 (t, J= 6.4 Hz, 1 H), 4.60-4.51 (m, 1 H), 4.49-4.39 (m, 2H), 4.38-4.24 (m, 3H), 4.17 (q, J= 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.08-4.03 (m, 1 H), 3.41 (t, J= 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 2.40-2.35 (m, 2H), 2.23 (s, 3H), 1.85-1.82 (m, 2H). ¹⁹ F NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ -232.21 (s, F). Chiral RT= 3.597 min (chiral method A); ee= 98.3%.

E235: LC-MS: 383.1 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.70 (s, 1 H), 4.75 (q, J= 6.4 Hz, 1 H), 4.60-4.45 (m, 2H), 4.40-4.23 (m, 3H), 4.17 (q, J= 7.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.05 (q, J= 7.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.41 (t, J= 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 2.40-2.33 (m, 2H), 2.23 (s, 3H), 1.85-1.82 (m, 2H). ¹⁹ F NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ -232.21 (s, F). Chiral RT= 4.460 min (chiral method A); ee= 98.1 %.

E236: LC-MS: 383.1 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.70 (s, 1 H), 4.86-4.68 (m, 1 H), 4.38-4.29 (m, 3H), 4.17 (q, J= 5.6 Hz, 1 H), 3.99 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 3.54 (t, J= 24 Hz, 1 H), 3.43-3.37 (m, 3H), 2.36-2.27 (m, 1 H), 2.23 (s,3H), 1 .97-1.78 (m, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ -195.35 (s, F). Chiral RT=5.352 min (chiral method A); ee=99.5 %.

Isomers 1 -2: 14-Chloro-5-(4-methoxycyclohexyl)-4-methyl-8- oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16), 3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E237-E238)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E12, starting from D33 and 4-methoxycyclohexyl methanesulfonate.

E237: LC-MS: 393.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 6.15 (s, 1 H), 5.54 (t, J= 5.8 Hz, 1 H), 4.38 (t, J= 4.4 Hz, 2H), 3.89-3.83 (m, 1 H), 3.51 (dd, J= 10.8, 6.0 Hz, 2H), 3.37 (s, 3H), 3.27-3.22 (m, 1 H), 2.22-2.20 (m, 2H), 2.19 (s, 3H), 2.06-1.90 (m, 6H), 1 .39-1 .32 (m, 2H). Chiral RT= 3.41 1 min (chiral method A).

E238: LC-MS: 393.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 6.08 (s, 1 H), 5.52 (s, 1 H), 4.40 (t, J= 4.8 Hz, 2H), 3.96-3.81 (m, 1 H), 3.53-3.47 (m, 3H), 3.34 (s, 3H), 2.29-2.17 (m, 2H), 2.19 (s, 3H), 2.1 1 (d, J= 14.4 Hz, 2H), 1 .92-1 .88 (m, 2H), 1 .68-1 .64 (m, 2H), 1.49 (t, J= 13.4 Hz, 2H). Chiral RT= 7.270 min (chiral method A).

Enantiomers 1 -4: 14-Chloro-10-methoxy-5-(4-methoxycyclo hexyl)-4-methyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo [11.3.1. 0 ³ ' ⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E239-E242)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E12, using D13 and 4-methoxycyclohexyl

methanesulfonate as starting materials.

E239: LC-MS: 423.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 111 (s, 1 H), 7.27 (br, 1 H), 5.98 (br, 1 H), 4.50 (d, J= 12.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.29 (t, J= 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 3.94-3.88 (m, 2H), 3.47-3.45 (m, 1 H), 3.41 (s, 3H), 3.37-3.36 (m, 2H), 3.33 (s, 3H), 2.25-2.18 (m, 5H), 2.15-2.10 (m, 2.37 (q, J= 12.0 Hz, 2H), 2.19 (s, 3H), 2.06-2.04 (m, 2H), 1.80 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 2H), 1.71 -1.68 (m, 2H). Chiral RT= 1 .496 min (chiral method A); ee= 92.0%.

E247: LC-MS: 421.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.84 (s, 1 H), 6.13 (s, 1 H), 5.68 (br, 1 H), 4.50-4.47 (m, 3H), 4.29 (t, J = 8 Hz, 2H), 3.89 (m, 1 H), 3.42 (s, 3H), 3.36-3.28 (m, 2H), 2.41 -2.36 (m, 2H), 2.16 (s, 3H), 2.04-1 .86 (m, 6H). Chiral RT= 1.853 min (chiral method A); ee=100%.

E248: LC-MS: 421.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 7.83 (s, 1 H), 6.12 (s, 1 H), 5.68 (br, 1 H), 4.52-4.46 (m, 3H), 4.30 (t, J= 8.0 Hz, 2H), 3.89 (dd, J= 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 3.41 (s, 3H), 3.34-3.26 (m, 2H),

2.38 (q, J= 12.0 Hz, 2H), 2.19 (s, 3H), 2.06-2.04 (m, 2H), 1.80 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 2H), 1.71 -1.66 (m, 2H). Chiral RT= 2.528 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

Enantiomers 1 -4: 14-Chloro-4,11 -dimethyl-5-{8- oxabicyclo[3.2.1] octan-3-yl}-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17- hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³ - ⁷ ] heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14- pentaene (E249-E252)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E12, starting from D73 and 8-oxabicyclo[3.2.1 ]octan- 3-yl methanesulfonate.

E249: LC-MS: 405.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.74 (s, 1 H), 7.37-7.36 (m,1 H), 5.43-5.41 (m, 1 H), 4.49-4.46 (m, 3H), 4.31 -4.25 (m, 2H), 4.06-4.03 (m, 1 H), 2.42-2.35 (m, 2H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 1 .98-1 .95 (m, 5H), 1 .92-1 .80 (m, 3H), 1.35-1.34 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 3.794 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E250: LC-MS: 405.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.74 (s, 1 H), 6.97 (br, 1 H), 5.33-5.32 (m, 1 H), 4.48-4.46 (m, 3H), 4.32- 4.26 (m, 2H), 4.05-4.02 (m, 1 H), 2.44-2.33 (m, 2H), 2.18 (s, 3H), 2.00-1 .90 (m, 5H), 1.88-1.80 (m, 3H), 1 .34~1 .28(d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 6.1 14 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E251 : LC-MS: 405.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.77 (s, 1 H), 6.81 (br, 1 H), 5.29-5.27 (m, 1 H), 4.52-4.44 (m, 3H), 4.34-4.28 (m, 2H), 4.03-4.01 (m, 1 H), 2.40-2.32 (m, 3H), 2.21 (s, 3H), 2.07- 2.04 (m, 2H), 1 .89-1 .80 (m, 4H), 1 .72-1 .66 (m, 2H), 1.33-1.32 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 7.136 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E252: LC-MS: 405.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.78 (s, 1 H), 6.68(br, 1 H), 5.24-5.22 (m, 1 H), 4.52-4.44 (m, 3H), 4.34- 4.28(m, 2H), 4.02-4.01 (m, 1 H), 2.41 -2.33 (m, 3H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 2.06-2.04 (m, 2H), 1.88-1.78 (m, 4H), 1.73-1.68 (m, 2H),1.33~ 1 .32(d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 8.025 min (chiral method A); ee=100%.

/ Enantiomers 1 -4: 14-Chloro-10-methoxy-4-methyl-5-(4-methyl cyclohexyl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo [11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ] heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E253-E256)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E12, using D13 and 4-methylcyclohexyl

3-E256 methanesulfonate as starting materials. E253: LC-MS: 407.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): <57.86 (s, 1 H), 6.09 (s, 1 H), 5.70 (t, J= 11.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.55 (d, J= 1.6 Hz, 1 H),

4.44- 4.40 (m, 1H), 4.15 (dd, J= 9.2, 2.4 Hz, 1H), 3.87 (br, 1H), 3.44 (s, 3H), 3.42-3.29 (m, 2H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 2.07-1.84 (m, 2H), 1.64- 1.51 (m, 4H), 1.50-1.48 (m, 1H), 1.48-1.43 (m, 2H), 1.31 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 4.239 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E254: LC-MS: 407.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.86 (s, 1H), 6.12 (s, 1H), 5.70 (t, J= 12.0 Hz, 1H), 4.54 (d, J= 11.2 Hz, 1H),

4.45- 4.41 (m, 1H), 4.34-3.85 (m, 2H), 3.45 (s, 3H), 3.40-3.29 (m, 2H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 2.16-2.04 (m, 2H), 1.94-1.92 (m, 2H), 1.71- 1.64(m, 5H), 1.58 (br, 1H), 1.30 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 4.639 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E255: LC-MS: 407.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.86 (s, 1H), 6.11 (s, 1H), 5.70 (t, J= 12.8 Hz, 1H), 4.55 (d, J= 1.2 Hz, 1H), 4.45-4.40 (m, 1H), 4.16 (dd, J= 2.4, 14.0 Hz, 1H), 3.94-3.79 (m, 1H), 3.44 (s, 3H), 3.39-3.29 (m, 2H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 2.04-2.00 (m, 2H), 1.97-1.84 (m, 4H), 1.51 (br, 1H), 1.49-1.43 (m, 2H), 1.30 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 4.730 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E256: LC-MS: 407.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.86 (s, 1 H), 6.12 (s, 1 H), 5.70 (t, J= 11.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.54 (d, J= 11.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.45-4.41 (m, 1H), 4.32-3.86 (m, 2H), 3.44 (s, 3H), 3.40-3.29 (m, 2H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 2.17-2.03 (m, 2H), 1.94-1.92 (m, 1H), 1.90-1.58 (m, 6H), 1.31 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 4.967 min (chiral method A); ee= 94.9%.

Isomers 1-2: 14-Chloro-4-methyl-5-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-8-oxa- 2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ]heptadeca-1(16),3,6,13 (17),14-pentaene (E257-E258)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E12, starting from D33 and 4-methylcyclohexyl

E257-E258

methanesulfonate.

E257: LCMS: 377.4 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.80 (s, 1H), 6.11 (s, 1H), 5.52 (s, 1H), 4.39 (t, J= 4.4 Hz, 2H), 3.84-3.78 (m, 1H), 3.54-3.49 (m, 3H), 2.18 (s, 3H), 1.99-1.82 (m, 8H), 1.12- 1.02 (m, 2H), 0.93 (d, J= 6.4 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 2.408 min (chiral method C); ee=100%.

E258: LCMS: 377.4 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.81 (s, 1H), 6.06 (m, 1H), 5.12-5.10 (d, J= 8.0Hz, 1H), 4.52-4.48 (m, 1H), 4.34-4.29 (m, 1H), 4.03-4.02 (m, 1H), 3.84-3.78 (m, 1H), 2.18 (s, 3H), 2.02-1.95 (m, 4H), 1.90-1.77 (m, 4H), 1.53-1.47 (m, 2H), 1.32-1.25 (m, 3H), 1.22-1.03 (m, 1 H), 1.02-1.00 (m, 3H). Chiral RT= 2.625 min (chiral method C); ee=99.9%.

Enantiomers 1-4: 14-Chloro-4,11-dimethyl-5-(4-methylcyclo hexyl)-8 -oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ] heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E259-E262)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E37, starting from D73 and 4-methylcyclohexyl

E259-E262 methanesulfonate.

E259: LC-MS: 391.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.81 (s, 1H), 6.06 (s, 1H), 5.11 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 1H), 4.52-4.48 (m, 1H), 4.32 (t, J= 10.4 Hz, 1H), 4.03 (t, J= 3.6 Hz, 1H), 3.84-3.78 (m, 1H), 2.18 (s, 3H), 2.02-1.95 (m, 4H), 1.90-1.77 (m, 4H), 1.53-1.47 (m, 2H), 1.31 (d, J= 3.6 Hz, 3H), 1.25-1.06 (m, 1H), 1.01 (d, J= 8.0 Hz , 3H). Chiral RT= 5.939 min (chiral method C); ee= 100%.

E260: LC-MS: 391.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.81 (s, 1H), 6.05 (s, 1H), 5.11 (d, J= 6.8Hz, 1H), 4.52-4.48 (m, 1H), 4.34 (t, J= 10.4 Hz, 1H), 4.05-4.02 (m, 1H), 3.85 (t, J= 10.8 Hz, 1H), 2.18 (s, 3H), 2.16-2.00 (m, 4H), 1.93-1.78 (m, 4H), 1.69-1.62 (m, 2H), 1.30 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H), 1.26-1.07 (m, 1H), 1.04 (d, J= 8.0 Hz , 3H). Chiral RT= 6.203 min (chiral method C); ee= 98.5%.

E261 : LC-MS: 391.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 7.81 (s, 1H), 6.10 (s, 1H), 5.11 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 1H), 4.52-4.48 (m, 1H), 4.34 (t, J= 10.4 Hz, 1H), 4.06-4.01 (m, 1H), 3.87-3.82 (m, 1H), 2.18 (s, 3H), 2.16-2.00 (m, 4H), 1.93-1.80 (m, 4H), 1.69-1.63 (m, 2H), 1.31 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H), 1.25-1.07 (m, 1H), 1.03 (d, J= 8.0 Hz , 3H). Chiral RT= 6.748 min (chiral method C); ee= 100%.

E262: LC-MS: 391.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCb): δ 7.81 (s, 1H), 6.18 (s, 1H), 5.13 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 1H), 4.52-4.48 (m, 1H), 4.32 (t, J= 10.2 Hz, 1H), 4.04-4.00 (m, 1H), 3.84-3.78 (m, 1H), 2.18 (s, 3H), 2.05-1.95 (m, 4H), 1.90-1.78 (m, 4H), 1.63-1.59 (m, 2H), 1.28 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H), 1.26-1.07 (m, 1H), 1.05 (d, J= 8.0 Hz , 3H). Chiral RT= 9.431 min (chiral method C); ee= 100%.

1-{14-Chloro-4-methyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo

[11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaen-5-yl}-2- methylpropan-2-ol (E263)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E37, starting from D33 and 2,2-dimethyloxirane.

LC-MS: 353.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCb): δ 7.82 (s, 1H), 6.17 (s, 1H), 5.56 (s, 1H), 4.63 (s, 1H), 4.37 (t, J= 4.6 Hz, 2H), 3.81 (s, 2H), 3.51 (dd, J= 10.8, 6.0 Hz, 2H), 2.19 (s, 3H), 1.95-1.91 (m, 2H), 1.16 (s, 6H).

Enantiomers 1-2: 1-{14-Chloro-4,11-dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16, 17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (17),3,6, 13,15- pentaen-5-yl}-2-methylpropan-2-ol (E264-E265)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E37, starting from D73 and 2,2-dimethyloxirane.

E264: LC-MS: 367.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.80

(br, 1H), 7.08 (s, 1H), 5.36 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 1H), 4.58 (br, 1H), 4.47-4.43 (m, 1H), 4.32 (t, J= 3.6 Hz, 1H), 4.02 (t, J= 3.6 Hz, 1H), 3.81 (s, 2H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 1.91-1.81 (m, 2H), 1.35 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H), 1.21 (s, 3H), 1.11 (s, 3H). Chiral RT= 1.620 min (chiral method C); ee= 100%.

E265: LC-MS: 367.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.80 (s, 1H), 6.75 (s, 1H), 5.27 (d, J= 6.4 Hz, 1H), 4.61 (br, 1H), 4.46-4.43 (m, 1 H), 4.33 (t, J= 11.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.01 (t, J= 3.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.81 (s, 2H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 1.94-1.79 (m, 2H), 1.33 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H), 1.21 (s, 3H), 1.12 (s, 3H). Chiral RT= 1.832 min (chiral method C); ee= 100%. 14-Chloro-4-methyl-5-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,1 6,17- hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14- pentaene (E266)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E12, starting from D33 and 1 ,1 ,1 -trifluoro-2-iodoethane.

LC-MS: 363.1 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 7.82 (s, 1 H), 6.23 (s, 1 H), 5.57 (br, 1 H), 4.46 (q, J= 8.4 Hz, 2H), 4.40 (t, J= 4.6 Hz, 2H), 3.52 (dd, J= 10.8, 6.4 Hz, 2H), 2.23 (s, 3H), 1 .92 (t, J= 4.4 Hz, 2H).

14-Chloro-10-methoxy-4-methyl-5-(2,2,2-trif luoroethyl)-8-oxa- 2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13 (17),14-pentaene (E267)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used E267 for preparing E12, using D13 and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl 4- methylbenzenesulfonate as starting materials.

LC-MS: 393.1 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.86 (s, 1 H), 6.18 (s, 1 H), 5.73 (s, 1 H), 5.35 (s, 1 H), 4.50-4.44 (m, 2H), 4.32 (t, J = 9.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.94-3.89 (m, 1 H), 3.42 (s, 3H), 2.23 (s, 3H), 2.02-2.00 (m, 2H). ¹⁹ F NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ -70.90 (s, 1 F).

Enantiomers 1 -2: 14-Chloro-10-methoxy-4-methyl-5-(2,2,2- trifluoroethyl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ] heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13 (17),14-pentaene (E268-E269)

Compounds were prepared from chiral separation of E267.

E268-E269 E268: LC-MS: 393.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.86 (s,

1 H), 6.10 (s, 1 H), 5.71 (br, 1 H), 4.50-4.44 (m, 3H), 4.32 (t, J= 9.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.94-3.89 (m, 1 H), 3.42 (s, 3H), 3.31 -3.26 (m, 2H), 2.22 (s, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, CDCI3): δ -70.90 (s, 3F). Chiral RT= 2.999 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E269: LC-MS: 393.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.86 (s, 1 H), 6.16 (s, 1 H), 5.71 (br, 1 H), 4.50-4.44 (m, 2H), 4.32 (t, J= 9.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.94-3.89 (m, 1 H), 3.42 (s, 3H), 3.32-3.27 (m, 2H), 2.22 (s, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, CDCI3): δ -70.90 (s, 3F). Chiral RT= 3.314 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

Enantiomers 1 -2: 14-Chloro-10-methoxy-4-methyl-5-(oxetan-3- yl)-8 -oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca- 1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E270-E271 )

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used E270-E271 for preparing E12, using D13 and 3-bromooxetane as starting

materials.

E270: LC-MS: 367.1 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.87 (s, 1 H), 6.28 (s, 1 H), 5.73-5.71 (m, 1 H), 5.30-5.26 (m, 1 H), 5.25-5.20 (m, 1 H), 5.17-5.14 (m, 1 H), 4.92-4.90 (m, 2H), 4.55-4.51 (m, 1 H), 4.44-4.41 (m, 1 H), 3.95-3.89 (m, 1 H), 3.49 (s, 3H), 3.34-3.28 (m, 3H), 2.15 (s, 3H). Chiral RT= 1 .120 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%. E271 : LC-MS: 367.1 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.85 (s, 1 H), 6.14 (s, 1 H), 5.72-5.70 (m, 1 H), 5.30-5.26 (m, 1 H), 5.25-5.20 (m, 1 H), 5.17-5.14 (m, 1 H), 4.92-4.89 (m, 2H), 4.55-4.52 (m, 1 H), 4.43-4.38 (m, 1 H), 3.95-3.89 (m, 1 H), 3.43(s, 3H), 3.35~3.27(m, 3H), 2.15(s, 3H). Chiral RT= 1.515 min (chiral method A); ee= 99.6%.

Enantiomers 1 -2: 14-Chloro-10-methoxy-4-methyl-5-[(3-methyl oxetan-3-yl)methyl]-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo

[11.3.1.0 ³ ' ⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (E272-E273)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E12, using D13 and (3-methyloxetan-3-yl)methyl methanesulfonate as starting materials.

E272: LC-MS: 395.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.82 (s, 1 H), 6.65 (s, 1 H), 5.83-5.82 (m, 1 H), 4.79-4.77 (m, 1 H), 4.75-4.73 (m, 1 H), 4.44-4.41 (m, 1 H), 4.39-4.37 (m, 2H), 4.28-4.23 (m, 1 H), 4.06-4.05 (m, 2H), 3.92-3.86 (m, 1 H), 3.42 (s, 3H), 3.33-3.28 (m, 2H), 2.18 (s, 3H),1 .24 (s, 3H). Chiral RT= 3.986 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E273: LC-MS: 395.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.82 (s, 1 H), 6.66 (s, 1 H), 5.83-5.81 (m, 1 H), 4.79-4.78 (m, 1 H), 4.75-4.73 (m, 1 H), 4.44-4.42 (m, 1 H), 4.39-4.37 (m, 2H), 4.28-4.23 (m, 1 H), 4.06-4.05 (m, 2H), 3.92-3.86 (m, 1 H), 3.42 (s, 3H), 3.33-3.28 (m, 2H), 2.18(s, 3H), 1 .24(s, 3H). Chiral RT= 4.704 min (chiral method A); ee=96.3%.

Enantiomers 1 -2: 14-Chloro-10-methoxy-4-methyl-5-(oxan-4- ylmethyl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ] heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E274-E275)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E12, using D13 and (bromomethyl)cyclohexane as starting materials.

E274: LC-MS: 409.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.84 (s, 1 H), 6.28 (s, 1 H), 5.72-5.69 (m, 1 H), 4.50-4.47 (m, 1 H), 4.31 -4.26 (m, 1 H), 3.98-3.87 (m, 3H), 3.79-3.73 (m, 2H), 3.41 (s, 3H), 3.36-3.27 (m, 5H), 2.18-2.14 (m, 3H), 1.56-1.47 (m, 2H), 1.38- 1 .31 (m, 2H). Chiral RT= 1.104 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E275: LC-MS: 409.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.84 (s, 1 H), 6.24 (s, 1 H), 5.72-5.69 (m, 1 H), 4.50-4.47 (m, 1 H), 4.31 -4.26 (m, 1 H), 3.98-3.87 (m, 3H), 3.79-3.73 (m, 2H), 3.41 (s, 3H), 3.36-3.27 (m, 5H), 2.18~2.14(m, 3H),1 .56-1 .47 (m, 2H), 1 .38- 1 .31 (m, 2H). Chiral RT= 2.1 16 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

HN— Isomers 1 -2: 14-Chloro-4-methyl-5-[4-(trifluoromethyl)cyclo hexyl]-8 -oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]

*H _N A _N heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E276-E277)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used

E276-E277 — \ for preparing E12, starting from D33 and 4-

CF ₃ (trifluoromethyl)cyclohexyl methanesulfonate.

E276: LC-MS: 431.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.80 (s, 1 H), 6.28 (s, 1 H), 5.55 (s, 1 H), 4.38 (t, J= 4.6 Hz, 2H), 3.94-3.78 (m, 1H), 3.51 (dd, J= 10.8, 6.0 Hz, 2H), 2.19 (s, 3H), 2.15-2.09 (m, 3H), 2.01-1.97 (m, 4H), 1.93-1.90 (m, 2H), 1.55-1.43 (m, 2H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, CDCI3): δ -73.57.

E277: LC-MS: 431.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 7.79 (s, 1H), 6.81 (s, 1H), 5.70 (s, 1H), 4.37 (br, 2H), 4.13 (br, 1H), 3.53 (d, J= 4.8 Hz, 2H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 2.24-2.13 (m, 5H), 1.93-1.90 (br, 2H), 1.77-1.74 (m, 4H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, CDCb): 5-71.11.

Enantiomers 1-2: 14-Chloro-10-methoxy-4-methyl-5-[4-(trifluoro methyl)cyclohexyl]-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo [11.3. 1.0 ³ ' ⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E278-E279)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E12, using D13 and 4-(trifluoromethyl)cyclohexyl methanesulfonate as starting materials.

E278: LC-MS: 461.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.84 (s, 1H), 6.18 (s, 1H), 5.70-5.69 (m, 1H), 4.49-4.44 (m, 1H), 4.31-4.26 (m, 1H), 3.92-3.84 (m, 2H), 3.41 (s, 3H), 3.35-3.26 (m, 2H), 2.18 (s, 3H), 2.11~1.91(m,7H), 1.53-1.46 (m, 2H). Chiral RT= 4.417 min (chiral method G); ee=100%.

E279: LC-MS: 461.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.84 (s, 1H), 7.26 (s, 1H), 5.88~5.69(m, 1H), 4.49-4.46 (m, 1H), 4.30-4.25 (m, 1H), 3.93-3.84 (m, 2H), 3.42 (s, 3H), 3.34-3.26 (m, 2H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 2.11~1.91(m, 7H), 1.53~1.46(m, 2H). Chiral RT= 5.518 min (chiral method G); ee=100%.

Enantiomers 1-4: 4-Chloro-4,11-dimethyl-5-[4-(trifluoromethyl) cyclohexyl]-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ] heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E280-E283)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E12, starting from D73 and 4- (trifluoromethyl)cyclohexyl methanesulfonate.

E280: LC-MS: 445.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.82 (s, 1H), 6.08 (s, 1H), 5.12 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 1H), 4.50-4.46 (m, 1H), 4.31 (t, J= 10.8 Hz, 1H), 4.01 (t, J= 3.4 Hz, 1H), 3.87-3.84 (m, 1H), 2.19 (s, 3H), 2.13-2.04 (m, 4H), 1.96-1.93 (m, 2H), 1.90-1.83 (m, 2H),

1.80- 1.78 (m, 1H), 1.50-1.31 (m, 2H), 1.29 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, CDCI3): δ -73.566 (s, 3F). Chiral RT= 1.859 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E281 : LC-MS: 445.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.82 (s, 1H), 6.11 (s, 1H), 5.12 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 1H), 4.50-4.46 (m, 1H), 4.30 (t, J= 7.6 Hz, 1H), 4.04-3.99 (m, 1H), 3.89-3.82 (m, 1H), 2.35 (s, 3H), 2.13-2.04 (m, 4H), 1.96-1.93 (m, 2H), 1.91-1.83 (m, 2H),

1.81- 1.78 (m, 1H), 1.51-1.33 (m, 2H), 1.31 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, CDCI3): δ -73.566 (s, 3F). Chiral RT= 2.792 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E282: LC-MS: 445.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.82 (s, 1H), 6.03 (s, 1H), 5.11 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 1H), 4.48-4.44 (m, 1H), 4.33 (t, J= 11.2 Hz, 1H), 4.12 (t, J= 4.8 Hz, 1H), 4.01 (t, J= 3.2 Hz, 1H), 2.34-2.25 (m, 2H), 2.18 (s, 3H), 2.15-2.04 (m, 2H), 1.94-1.87 (m, 2H), 1.83-1.72 (m, 5H), 1.28 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, CDC ): 5 -71.069 (s, 3F). Chiral RT= 3.590 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E283: LC-MS: 445.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.82 (s, 1 H), 6.12 (s, 1 H), 5.1 1 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 1 H), 4.48-4.44 (m, 1 H), 4.34 (t, J= 10.8 Hz, 1 H), 4.12 (t, J= 4.8 Hz, 1 H), 4.03-3.98 (m, 2H), 2.34- 2.25 (m, 2H), 2.18 (s, 3H), 2.15-2.04 (m, 2H), 1.94-1.93 (m, 1 H), 1 .90-1.62 (m, 5H), 1 .29 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, CDCb): δ -71.065 (s, 3F). Chiral RT= 4.124 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

Y Enantiomers 1 -2: 14-Chloro-10-(difluoromethoxy)-4-methyl-5- HN-y (oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ] heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E284-E285)

^N Λ Ys Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E5, starting from 3-amino-2-(difluoromethoxy)propan- 1 -ol.

E284-E285

E284: LC-MS: 431.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCb): δ 7.87 (s, 1 H), 6.28 (t, J= 72.0 Hz, 1 H), 6.1 1 (s, 1 H), 5.69 (t, J= 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.54-4.43 (m, 2H), 4.28-4.25 (m, 1 H), 4.12-4.00 (m, 3H), 3.54-

3.39 (m, 3H), 2.34-2.21 (m, 2H), 2.21 (s, 3H), 1 .78 (t, J= 13.2 Hz, 2H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, CDCb): δ -80.83 (d, J= 159.4Hz, 1 F), -

82.38 (d, J= 160.6Hz, 1 F). Chiral RT= 3.957 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E285: LC-MS: 431.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCb): δ 7.88 (s, 1 H), 6.28 (t, J= 74.0 Hz, 1 H), 6.09 (s, 1 H), 5.69 (t, J= 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.52-4.43 (m, 2H), 4.27-4.25 (m, 1 H), 4.12-4.00 (m, 4H), 3.54-

3.40 (m, 3H), 2.31 -2.21 (m, 2H), 2.21 (s, 3H), 1 .78 (t, J= 13.8 Hz, 2H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, CDCb): δ -80.82 (d, J= 159.4 Hz, 1 F), -

82.39 (d, J= 160.6 Hz, 1 F). Chiral RT= 4.974 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

Enantiomers 1 -2: 14-Chloro-10-ethoxy-4-methyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)-8- oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca- 1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E286-E287)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used p for preparing E2, starting from D10 and iodoethane.

E286-E287 E286: LC-MS: 409.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCb): δ 7.84 (s,

1 H), 6.07 (s, 1 H), 5.68 (br, 1 H), 4.47 (d, J= 10.4 Hz, 1 H), 4.34 (t, J= 3.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.12-4.06 (m, 3H), 3.94-3.89 (m, 1 H), 3.64-3.42 (m, 6H), 3.33-2.28 (m, 1 H), 2.32-2.21 (m, 1 H), 2.17 (s, 3H), 1 .78 (t, J= 13.6 Hz, 2H), 1 .21 (t, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 1.740 min (chiral method E); ee=100%.

E287: LC-MS: 409.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.84 (s, 1 H), 6.10 (s, 1 H), 5.69 (s, 1 H), 4.47 (d, J= 10.4 Hz, 1 H), 4.34 (t, J= 3.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.12-4.07 (m, 3H), 3.94-3.90 (m, 1 H), 3.62-3.43 (m, 6H), 3.41 -2.28 (m, 1 H), 2.32-2.21 (m, 1 H), 2.17 (s, 3H), 1 .78 (t, J= 13.6 Hz, 2H), 1 .21 (t, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 2.250 min (chiral method E); ee= 98.9%. Enantiomers 1 -2: 14-Bromo-4-methyl-5-(oxan-3-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6, 12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17), 14-pentaene (E288-E289)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E29, using D25 and ie f-butyl (3- bromopropyl)carbamate as starting materials.

E288: LC-MS: 41 1.1 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.79 (s, 1 H), 4.32-4.30 (m, 2H), 4.15-4.13 (m, 1 H), 3.93-3.89 (m, 2H), 3.67-3.62 (m, 1 H), 3.45-3.30 (m, 3H), 2.22 (s, 3H), 2.15-2.13 (m, 1 H), 2.05-2.03 (m, 1 H), 1.83-1.81 (m, 4H). Chiral RT= 3.780 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E289: LC-MS: 41 1.1 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.79 (s, 1 H), 4.32-4.30 (m, 2H), 4.16-4.1 1 (m, 1 H), 3.93-3.89 (m, 2H), 3.67-3.62 (m, 1 H), 3.45-3.31 (m, 3H), 2.22 (s, 3H), 2.19-2.12 (m, 1 H), 2.05-2.02 (m, 1 H), 1 .83-1 .81 (m, 4H). Chiral RT= 7.244 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

Enantiomers 1 -2: 4,11 -Dimethyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)-14- (trifluoromethyl) -8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17- hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14- pentaene (E290-E291)

E290-E291 Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E31 , using 3-((ie f-butoxycarbonyl)amino)butyl methanesulfonate and 2,4-dichloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine as starting materials.

E290: LC-MS: 413.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 8.01 (s, 1 H), 4.37-4.27 (m, 3H), 4.08-4.04 (m, 3H), 3.60-3.53 (m, 2H), 2.24 -2.1 1 (m, 5H), 1 .83-1 .75 (m, 4H), 1.28-1.22 (m, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ -62.61 (s, 3F). Chiral RT= 1 .533 min (chiral method B); ee= 100%.

E291 : LC-MS: 413.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ 8.01 (s, 1 H), 4.38-4.27 (m, 3H), 4.08-4.03 (m, 3H), 3.60-3.54 (m, 2H), 2.24 -2.20 (m, 5H), 1 .83-1 .74 (m, 4H), 1.30-1.26 (m, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ -62.57 (s, 3F). Chiral RT= 2.260 min (chiral method B); ee= 100%.

Enantiomers 1 -2: 14-Chloro-11 -cyclopropyl-4-methyl-5-(oxan-4- yl)-8 -oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca- 1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E292-E293)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E5, starting from 3-amino-3-cyclopropylpropan-1 -ol. E292: LC-MS: 405.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.81 (s,

1 H), 6.08 (s, 1 H), 5.42 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.56 (dd, J= 1 1.6, 3.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.25 (t, J= 10.8 Hz, 1 H), 4.22-4.03 (m, 3H), 3.50 (t, J= 12.0 Hz, 2H), 3.16-3.12 (m, 1 H), 2.30-2.22 (m, 2H), 2.19 (s, 3H), 2.15-2.09 (m, 1 H), 1.95-1.91 (m, 1 H), 1 .78 (t, J= 13.2 Hz, 2H), 1 .09-0.97 (m, 1 H), 0.65-0.52 (m, 2H), 0.37-0.19 (m, 2H). Chiral RT= 2.404 min (chiral method B); ee= 100%.

E293: LC-MS: 405.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 6.13 (s, 1 H), 5.43 (d, J= 6.4 Hz, 1 H), 4.56 (dd, J= 1 1.6, 3.6 Hz, 1H), 4.25 (t, J= 10.8 Hz, 1H), 4.22-4.03 (m, 3H), 3.50 (t, J= 12.0 Hz, 2H), 3.16-3.12 (m, 1H), 2.30-2.22 (m, 2H), 2.19 (s, 3H), 2.15-2.09 (m, 1H), 1.95-1.91 (m, 1H), 1.78 (t, J= 14.4 Hz, 2H), 1.09-0.97 (m, 1H), 0.65-0.56 (m, 2H), 0.37-0.28 (m, 2H). Chiral RT= 3.172 min (chiral method B); ee= 99.9%.

(11 ?)-14-Methoxy-4,11-dimethyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16, 17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14- pentaene (E294)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E31, using (R)-3-((ief-butoxycarbonyl)amino)butyl

methanesulfonate and 2,4-dichloro-5-methoxypyrimidine as starting materials.

LC-MS: 375.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 8.02 (s, 1H),

5.64-5.62 (m, 1H), 4.51-4.30 (m, 1H), 4.28-4.25 (m, 1H),

4.11-3.96 (m, 4H), 3.78 (br, 3H), 3.67-3.60 (m, 1H), 3.54-3.48 (m,

2H), 2.26 (s, 3H), 1.89-1.43 (m, 4H), 1.35-1.31 (m, 3H), 1.30-1.28

(m,2H).

(11 ?)-14-Fluoro-4,11-dimethyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa- 2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ]heptadeca- 1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E295)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E31, using (R)-3-((ief-butoxycarbonyl)amino)butyl

methanesulfonate and 2,4-dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine as starting materials.

LC-MS: 363.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.68 (s, 1H), 6.62 (s, 1H), 5.03-5.02 (m, 1H), 4.51-4.89 (m, 1H), 4.35-4.30 (m, 1H), 4.09-4.04 (m, 4H), 3.53-3.48 (m, 2H), 2.31-2.28 (m, 4H), 2.22 (s, 3H), 1.96-1.75 (m, 2H), 1.34-1.32 (m, 3H).

(11 ?)-14-Methyl-4,11-dimethyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa- 2,5,6,12,16,17 -hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ]heptadeca- 1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E296)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E31, using (R)-3-((ief-butoxycarbonyl)amino)butyl

methanesulfonate and 2,4-dichloro-5-methylpyrimidine as starting materials.

LC-MS: 359.4 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.65 (s, 1H), 5.97 (s, 1H), 4.51-4.43 (m, 2H), 4.38-4.33 (m, 1H), 4.12-4.03 (m, 4H), 3.54-3.47 (m, 2H), 3.35-2.23 (m, 2H), 2.22 (s, 3H), 1.92 (s, 3H), 1.88-1.79 (m, 2H), 1.75-1.71 (m, 2H), 1.30-1.28 (m, 3H).

(11 ?)-14-Chloro-4-methyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)-11-(propan-2-yl)-8-oxa- 2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ]heptadeca- 1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E297)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E5, starting from (R)-3-amino-4-methylpentan-1-ol.

E297

LC-MS: 407.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.81 (s, 1H), 6.28 (s, 1 H), 5.25 (d, J= 7.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.53 (dd, J = 11.6, 3.6 Hz, 1H), 4.26 (t, J= 10.8 Hz, 1H), 4.12-4.07 (m, 3H), 3.72-3.70 (m, 1H), Enantiomer 1 -2: 14-Chloro-5-(4,4-difluorooxan-3-yl)-4-methyl-8- oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca- 1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E302-E303)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used

for preparing E86, (directly reacting D118 with DAST before cyclization).

E302: LC-MS: 401.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ): δ 8.44 (s, 1 H), 7.83 (s, 1 H), 7.40 (t, J= 5.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.70-4.63 (m, 1 H), 4.24-4.04 (m, 5H), 3.68-3.62 (m, 1 H), 3.35-3.33 (m, 2H),

2.30-2.25 (m, 2H), 2.21 (s, 3H),1.85-1.71 (m, 2H). Chiral RT= 3.353 min (chiral method C); ee= 100%.

E303: LC-MS: 401.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ): δ 8.44 (s, 1 H), 7.83 (s, 1 H), 7.41 (t, J= 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.70-4.63 (m, 1 H), 4.28 -4.04 (m, 5H), 3.68-3.62 (m, 1 H), 3.35-3.28 (m, 2H),

2.30-2.25 (m, 2H), 2.21 (s, 3H),1 .85-1 .71 (m, 2H). Chiral RT= 4.089 min (chiral method C); ee= 100%.

Enantiomers 1 -2: (11 ?)-14-Chloro-5-(4,4-difluorooxan-3-yl)- 4,11 -dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ] heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E304-E305)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E302.

E304-E305 ^F

E304: LC-MS: 415.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.72 (s, 1 H), 4.53-4.45 (m, 1 H), 4.40-4.36 (m, 2H), 4.31 (t, J= 24 Hz, 1 H), 4.23-4.18 (m, 3H), 4.04-3.96 (m, 1 H), 2.31 -2.17 (m, 5H), 1.80- 1 .76 (m, 2H), 1.28 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 5.137 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E305: LC-MS: 415.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.72(s, 1 H), 4.92-4.82 (m, 1 H), 4.57-4.22 (m, 3H), 4.14-4.09 (m, 1 H), 4.04 -4.00 (m, 1 H), 3.93-3.89 (m, 1 H), 3.74-3.71 (m, 1 H), 2.25~2.17(m, 5H), 1 .77-1.74 (m, 2H), 1 .28 (d, J= 8.0 Hz,3H). Chiral RT= 6.255 min (chiral method A); ee= 98.7%.

Enantiomers 1 -4: 14-Chloro-4,10-dimethyl-5-(oxan-3-yl)-8-oxa- 2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3, 6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E306-E309)

^HN r Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E2, starting from D25 and 3-((tert- 06-E309 -' butoxycarbonyl)amino)-2-methylpropyl methanesulfonate.

E306: LC-MS: 379.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.70 (s, 1 H), 4.20-4.10 (m, 3H), 3.93-3.91 (m, 2H), 3.70-3.59 (m, 2H), 3.45- 38 (m, 1 H), 3.06 (d, J= 12.0 Hz, 1 H), 2.22 (s, 3H), 2.16-2.1 1 (m, 1 H), 2.04-1 .99 (m, 1 H), 1 .81 (br, 3H), 0.99 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 1 .856 min (chiral method A); ee= 99.1 %.

E307: LC-MS: 379.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.70 (s, 1 H), 4.22-4.08 (m, 3H), 3.93-3.86 (m, 2H), 3.66-3.59 (m, 2H), 3.45-3.38 (m, 1 H), 3.03 (d, J= 16.0 Hz, 1 H), 2.22 (s, 3H), 2.18-2.12 (m, 1 H), 2.06-2.03 (m, 1 H), 1 .81 (br, 3H), 0.99 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 1 .999 min (chiral method A); ee= 99.1 %. E308: LC-MS: 379.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.70 (s, 1 H), 4.22-4.09 (m, 3H), 3.93-3.86 (m, 2H), 3.66-3.60 (m, 2H), 3.45-3.38 (m, 1 H), 3.04 (d, J= 16.0 Hz, 1 H), 2.22 (s, 3H), 2.18-2.13 (m, 1 H), 2.06-2.01 (m, 1 H), 1 .81 (br, 3H), 0.99 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 2.359 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E309: LC-MS: 379.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.70 (s, 1 H), 4.20-4.10 (m, 3H), 3.93-3.91 (m, 2H), 3.70-3.60 (m, 2H), 3.45-3.39 (m, 1 H), 3.05 (d, J= 16.0 Hz, 1 H), 2.22 (s, 3H), 2.16-2.08 (m, 1 H), 2.03-2.01 (m, 1 H), 1 .81 (br, 3H), 0.99 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 3.418min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

14-Chloro-4-methyl-5-{3-[(1 ?,4 ?)-2-oxa-5-azabicyclo[2.2.1] heptan-5-yl]-cyclobutyl}-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricycl o

[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (E310)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E45, starting from D75 and (1 R,4R)-2-oxa-5- azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane.

LC-MS: 432.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ): δ 8.30 (s, 1 H), 7.76 (s, 1 H), 7.32 (t, J= 5.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.34 (br, 2H), 4.23 (d, J = 4.4 Hz, 2H), 3.77 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 1 H), 3.49 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 1 H), 3.43 (br, 1 H), 3.30-3.27 (m, 2H), 3.00-2.97 (m, 1 H), 2.72 (d, J= 9.6 Hz, 1 H), 2.45-2.25 (m, 5H), 2.09 (s, 3H), 1.73-1.70 (m, 3H), 1.58-1.55 (m, 1 H).

ΗΝ-Λ 14-Chloro-4-methyl-5-{3-[(1 S,4S)-2-oxa-5-azabicyclo[2.2.1]

heptan-5-yl]-cyclobutyl}-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricycl o

H N [11.3.1.0 ³ ' ⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E311 )

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E45, starting from D75 and(1 S,4S)-2-oxa-5- azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptanes.

H

LC-MS: 432.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ): δ 8.29 (s, 1 H), 7.76 (s, 1 H), 7.31 (s, 1 H), 4.35 (br, 2H), 4.23 (br, 2H), 3.77 (d, J= 7.6 Hz, 1 H), 3.49 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 1 H), 3.43 (br, 1 H), 3.30-3.27 (m, 2H), 3.01 -2.97 (m, 1 H), 2.72 (d, J= 9.2 Hz, 1 H), 2.45-2.25 (m, 5H), 2.09 (s, 3H), 1.73-1.68 (m, 3H), 1.57-1 .55 (m, 1 H).

14-Chloro-5-[3-(3,3-difluoropyrrolidin-1 -yl)cyclobutyl]-4-methyl- 8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ] heptadeca- 1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (E312)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E45, starting from D75 with 3,3-difluoropyrrolidine.

LC-MS: 440.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ): δ 8.31 (s,

1 H), 7.76 (s, 1 H), 7.33 (s, 1 H), 4.37 (br, 1 H), 4.23 (br, 2H), 3.28 (br, 2H), 2.85 (t, J= 13.2 Hz, 2H), 2.76 (br, 1 H), 2.65 (br, 2H), 2.33-2.39 (m, 6H), 2.10 (s, 3H), 1.72 (br, 2H). ¹⁹ FNMR (376 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ): 5 -90.75. Enantiomers 1 -4: 14-Chloro-5-[3-(3,3-difluoropyrrolidin-1 -yl) cyclobutyl]-4,11 -dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo

[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]-heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E313-E316)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E106, using D135 and 3,3-difluoropyrrolidine as starting materials.

E313: LC-MS: 454.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.72 (s, 1 H), 4.44-4.33 (m, 2H), 3.97-3.92 (m, 1 H), 2.95-2.90 (m, 3H), 2.77 (t, J= 8.0 Hz, 2H), 2.73-2.57 (m, 3H), 2.44-2.35 (m, 2H),

2.34- 2.26 (m, 2H), 2.15 (s, 3H), 1.84-1.74 (m, 2H), 1.30 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ -93.72 (s, 2F). Chiral RT= 2.061 min (chiral method E); ee= 100%.

E314: LC-MS: 454.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.72 (s, 1 H), 4.44-4.33 (m, 2H), 3.97-3.95 (m, 1 H), 2.95-2.90 (m, 3H), 2.77 (t, J= 8.0 Hz, 2H), 2.73-2.57 (m, 3H), 2.44-2.37 (m, 2H),

2.35- 2.26 (m, 2H), 2.15 (s, 3H), 1 .84-1 .74 (m, 2H), 1 .30 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ -93.72 (s, 2F). Chiral RT= 2.737 min (chiral method E); ee= 100%.

E315: LC-MS: 454.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.72 (s, 1 H), 4.47-4.35 (m, 3H), 3.96 (br, 1 H), 2.97-2.85 (m, 3H), 2.76 (t, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H), 2.54-2.49 (m, 4H), 2.33-2.23 (m, 2H), 2.17 (s, 3H), 1.84-1.73 (m, 2H), 1 .30 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): 5 -93.90 (s, 2F). Chiral RT= 3.712 min (chiral method E); ee= 100%.

E316: LC-MS: 454.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.72 (s, 1 H), 4.47-4.34 (m, 3H), 3.96-3.94 (m, 1 H), 2.97-2.85 (m, 3H), 2.76 (t, J= 8.0 Hz, 2H), 2.54-2.50 (m, 4H), 2.34-2.23 (m, 2H), 2.17 (s, 3H), 1 .85-1 .74 (m, 2H), 1.30 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): 5 -93.90 (s, 2F). Chiral RT= 4.949 min (chiral method E); ee= 100%.

(11 ?)-14-Chloro-4,11 -dimethyl-5-{3-[(1 ?,4 ?)-2-oxa-5-aza bicycle

[2.2.1]heptan-5-yl]cyclobutyl}-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaaza tricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³ ' ⁷ ]heptadeca-1(16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (E317)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E106, by reacting D135 with (1 R,4R)-2-oxa-5- azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane.

LC-MS: 446.3[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.72 (s, 1 H), 4.44-4.37 (m, 4H), 3.99-3.94 (m, 2H), 3.63-3.59 (m, 2H), 3.17- 3.13 (m, 1 H), 2.83-2.80 (m, 1 H), 2.69-2.67 (m, 1 H), 2.57-2.46 (m, 4H), 2.17 (s, 3H), 1 .90-1 .87 (m, 1 H), 1.81 -1.72 (m, 3H), 1.30-1.28 (m, 3H).

(11 K)-14-Chloro-4,11 -dimethyl-5-{3-[(1 K,4/?)-2-oxa-5-aza bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-5-yl]cyclobutyl}-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17- hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14- pentaene (E318) Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E106, by reacting D135 with (1 S,4S)-2-oxa-5- azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane.

LC-MS: 446.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.72 (s, 1 H), 4.45-4.37 (m, 4H), 3.99-3.94 (m, 2H), 3.62-3.61 (m, 2H), 3.18- 3.12 (m, 1H), 2.84-2.82 (m, 1H), 2.70-2.67 (m, 1H), 2.60-2.47 (m, 4H), 2.17 (s, 3H), 1.90-1.88 (m, 1H), 1.80-1.73 (m, 3H), 1.30 -1.28 (m, 3H).

Enantiomers 1-2: 14-Chloro-11-ethyl-4-methyl-5-(oxetan-3-yl)-8- oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ]heptadeca-1(16), 3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E319-E320)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E52, starting from 3-aminopentan-1-ol.

E319-E320

E319: LC-MS: 365.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 8.36 (s, 1H), 7.79 (s, 1H), 6.78 (d, J= 7.6 Hz, 1H), 5.42-5.38 (m, 1H), 4.94 (t, J= 6.4 Hz, 1H), 4.84-4.79 (m, 3H), 4.36-4.25 (m, 2H), 3.62-3.59 (m, 1H), 2.08 (s, 3H), 1.80-1.67 (m, 2H), 1.59-1.53 (m, 2H), 0.86 (t, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 3.140 min (chiral method E); ee= 100%.

E320: LC-MS: 365.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 8.36 (s, 1H), 7.79 (s, 1H), 6.78 (d, J= 7.6 Hz, 1H), 5.42-5.38 (m, 1H), 4.94 (t, J= 6.4 Hz, 1H), 4.84-4.79 (m, 3H), 4.36-4.25 (m, 2H), 3.62-3.59 (m, 1H), 2.08 (s, 3H), 1.80-1.67 (m, 2H), 1.59-1.53 (m, 2H), 0.86 (t, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 6.195 min (chiral method E); ee= 99.8%.

F Enantiomers 1-2: 14-Chloro-10-fluoro-4-methyl-5-(oxetan-3-yl)- 8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ]heptadeca- 1(16),3, 6, 13(17), 14-pentaene (E321-E322)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used

E321-E322

for preparing E52, starting from 3-amino-2-fluorobutan-1-ol.

E321: LC-MS: 355.1 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): 57.85 (s, 1H), 6.57 (s, 1H), 5.86 (t, J= 5.6 Hz, 1H), 5.33-5.25 (m, 1H), 5.21 (t, J= 6.4 Hz, 1H), 5.15 (d, J= 6.4 Hz, 1H), 4.92 (t, J= 7.2 Hz, 2H), 4.68-4.59 (m, 2H), 4.57-4.48 (m, 1H), 4.11-3.97 (m, 1H), 3.58-3.45 (m, 1H), 2.16 (s, 3H). Chiral RT= 1.712 min (chiral method E); ee= 100%.

E322: LC-MS: 355.1 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.85 (s, 1H), 6.76 (s, 1H), 5.91 (t, J= 5.6 Hz, 1H), 5.35-5.25 (m, 1H), 5.21 (t, J= 6.4 Hz, 1H), 5.16 (t, J= 6.4 Hz, 1H), 4.92 (t, J= 7.2 Hz, 2H), 4.68-4.48 (m, 3H), 4.11-3.99 (m, 1H), 3.58-3.46 (m, 1H), 2.14 (s, 3H). Chiral RT= 2.095 min (chiral method E); ee= 99.5%.

2-[(11 S)-14-Chloro-4-methyl-11 -(propan-2-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17), 14- pentaen-5-yl]-2-methylpropanenitrile (E323)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E43, starting from (S)-3-amino-4-methylpentan-1-ol.

LC-MS: 390.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.84 (s, 1H), 6.67 (br, 1 H), 5.32 (d, J= 7.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.48 (dd, J= 11.6, 3.2 Hz, 1H), 4.25 (t, J= 11.2 Hz, 1H), 3.71-3.67 (m, 1H), 2.47 (s, 3H), 2.02 -1.95 (m, 4H), 1.90 (s, 3H), 1.87-1.82 (m, 2H), 1 .01 (dd, J= 6.4, 2.8 Hz, 6H).

(11 S)-14-Chloro-4-methyl-5-(oxetan-3-yl)-11 -(propan-2-yl)-8- oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca- 1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E324)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for

E324 preparing E52, starting from (S)-3-amino-4-methylpentan-1 -ol.

LC-MS: 379.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 6.38 (s, 1 H), 5.30-5.17 (m, 4H), 4.91 (t, J= 7.2 Hz, 2H), 4.56 (dd, J= 1 1.6, 3.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.38 (t, J= 1 1.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.70 (d, J= 5.6 Hz, 1 H), 2.15 (s, 3H), 2.03-1.97 (m, 1 H), 1.87-1.80 (m, 1 H), 1.73-1.67 (m, 1 H), 1 .01 (d, J= 6.4 Hz, 6H).

Enantiomers 1 -2: (11 ?)-14-Chloro-5-(4-fluorooxan-3-yl)-4,11 - dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ] heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E325-E326)

E325-E326 Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E86, starting from D79.

E325: LC-MS: 397.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.72 (s, 1 H), 5.18-4.91 (m, 1 H), 4.40-4.30 (m, 2H), 4.23-4.14 (m, 1 H), 4.04-3.90 (m, 3H), 3.79 (t, J= 12.0 Hz, 1 H), 3.50 (t, J= 12.0 Hz, 1 H), 2.23 (s, 3H), 1 .95-1 .73 (m, 4H), 1.30 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, CDCb): δ -180.06 (s, 1 F). Chiral RT= 2.350 min (chiral method C); ee= 100%.

E326: LC-MS: 397.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.72 (s, 1 H), 5.04-4.89 (m, 1 H), 4.40-4.26 (m, 2H), 4.23-4.14 (m, 1 H), 4.06-3.90 (m, 3H), 3.79 (t, J= 12.0 Hz, 1 H), 3.51 (t, J= 12.0 Hz, 1 H), 2.23 (s, 3H), 2.08-1 .72 (m, 4H), 1.28 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, CDCb): δ -180.45 (s, 1 F). Chiral RT= 2.908 min (chiral method C); ee= 100%.

Enantiomer 1 -2: 14-Chloro-10-methoxy-4-methyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)- 8,12-dioxa-2,5,6,16,17-pentaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca- 1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E327-E328)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E5, starting from 2-methoxypropane-1 ,3-diol.

E327: LC-MS: 396.1 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCb): δ 8.08 (s,

1 H), 6.63 (s, 1 H), 4.96 (dd, J= 12.4, 2.4 Hz, 1 H), 4.50 (dd, J=1 1.2, 1 .6 Hz, 1 H), 4.41 (dd, J=1 1 .4, 9.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.29 (dd, J = 12.4, 2.4 Hz, 1 H), 4.16-4.08 (m, 3H), 3.56-3.51 (m, 2H), 3.47 (s, 3H), 3.43 (dd, J= 9.2, 2.0 Hz, 1 H), 2.44-2.25 (m, 2H), 2.23 (s, 3H),

1 .85~1 .77(m, 2H). Chiral RT= 4.763 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E328: LC-MS: 396.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCb): δ 8.08 (s, 1 H), 6.55 (s, 1 H), 4.96 (dd, J= 12.4, 2.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.50 (dd, J= 1 1.2, 2.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.41 (dd, J=1 1 .2, 9.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.29 (dd, J= 12.4, 2.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.16-4.07 (m, 3H), 3.56-3.50 (m, 2H), 3.48 (s, 3H), 3.43 (dd, J=9.2, 2.0 Hz, 1 H), 2.44-2.24 (m, 2H), 2.23 (s, 3H), 1.85-1.77 (m, 2H). Chiral RT= 5.518 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%. Enantiomers 1 -2: 14-Chloro-4,11 -dimethyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)-8,12- dioxa-2,5,6,16,17-pentaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (17), 3,6,13, 15-pentaene (E329-E330)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E5, starting from 4-((tetrahydro-2/-/-pyran-2- yl)oxy)butan-2-ol followed by THP de-protection.

E329: LC-MS: 380.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDsODj: δ 8.00 (s, 1 H), 5.05-5.01 (m, 1 H), 4.45-4.40 (m, 1 H), 4.37-4.23 (m, 2H), 4.07-4.01 (m, 2H), 3.55 (t, J= 16.0 Hz, 2H), 2.23 (s, 3H), 2.20-2.03 (m, 2H), 1 .90-1.88 (m, 2H), 1 .84-1 .73 (m, 2H), 1.39 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 2.221 min (chiral method B); ee= 100%.

E330: LC-MS: 380.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 8.00 (s, 1 H), 5.05-5.01 (m, 1 H), 4.45-4.40 (m, 1 H), 4.37-4.23 (m, 2H), 4.07-4.01 (m, 2H), 3.55 (t, J= 16.0 Hz, 2H), 2.23 (s, 3H), 2.20-2.06 (m, 2H), 1 .90-1.88 (m, 2H), 1 .83-1.73 (m, 2H), 1 .38 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 3.219 min (chiral method B); ee= 100%.

{4-[(11 ?)-14-Chloro-4,11 -dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexa azatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1(16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaen-5- yl]oxan-2-yl}methanol (E331 )

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E46, starting from ethyl 4-((methylsulfonyl)oxy)tetrahydro- 2H-pyran-2-carboxylate and reducing ester group by UAIH4 after cyclization.

LC-MS: 409.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.82 (s, 1 H), 6.04 (s, 1 H), 5.13-5.1 1 (m, 1 H), 4.49-4.20 (m, 5H), 4.02-3.99 (m, 1 H), 3.88-3.86 (m, 1 H), 3.66-3.63 (m, 1 H), 3.58-3.54 (m, 1 H), 2.18 (s, 3H), 2.05-1.79 (m, 7H), 1 .34-1 .32 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H).

Enantiomers 1 -2: 14-Chloro-10-fluoro-4,11 -dimethyl-5-(oxetan- 3-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]

heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E332-E333)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E52, starting from D104.

E332: 369.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13): δ 7.79 (s, 1 H), 6.06

E332-E333 (s, 1 H), 5.27-5.14 (m, 1 H), 5.17-5.09 (m, 2H), 5.02 (d, J= 7.6 Hz,

1 H), 4.84 (t, J= 7.2 Hz, 2H), 4.62-4.39 (m, 3H), 4.39-4.29 (m, 1 H), 2.09 (s, 3H), 1 .34 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 2.625 min (chiral method E); ee= 100%.

E333: 369.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 7.79 (s, 1 H), 6.09 (s, 1 H), 5.29-5.14 (m, 1 H), 5.10 (dt, J= 9.6, 6.4 Hz, 2H), 5.02 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.84 (t, J= 7.2 Hz, 2H), 4.70-4.40 (m, 3H), 4.40-4.20 (m, 1 H), 2.09 (s, 3H), 1 .34 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 4.992 min (chiral method B); ee= 100%. Enantiomers 1 -4: 14-Chloro-10-fluoro-5-(3-fluorooxan-4-yl)-4- methyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ] heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E334-337)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E46, using 3-amino-2-fluoropropan-1-ol and 3- fluorotetrahydro-2/-/-pyran-4-yl methanesulfonate as starting

materials.

E334: LC-MS: 401 .3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.84 (s, 1 H), 6.63 (s, 1 H), 5.86 (s, 1 H), 4.91 (dtd, J= 49.2, 9.6, 5.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.69-4.45 (m, 3H), 4.26 (dd, J= 10.8, 5.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.16-3.98 (m, 3H), 3.64-3.29 (m, 3H), 2.47-2.36 (m, 1 H), 2.22 (s, 3H), 1 .97- 1.82 (m, 1 H). Chiral RT= 2.688 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E335: LC-MS: 401.3[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): 5 7.87 (s, 1 H), 6.16 (s, 1 H), 5.76 (s, 1 H), 4.92-4.71 (m, 1 H), 4.66-4.42 (m, 3H), 4.24 (dd, J= 1 1.2, 5.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.20-3.91 (m, 3H), 3.58-3.32 (m, 3H), 2.52 (ddd, J= 25.2, 12.4, 4.8 Hz, 1 H), 2.22 (s, 3H), 2.04- 1.91 (m, 1 H). Chiral RT= 3.478 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E336: LC-MS: 401.3[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCb): 5 7.80 (s, 1 H), 6.21 (s, 1 H), 5.70 (t, J= 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.89-4.61 (m, 1 H), 4.61 - 4.37 (m, 3H), 4.17 (dd, J = 11 .0, 5.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.12 - 3.88 (m, 3H),

3.52- 3.21 (m, 3H), 2.45 (ddd, J=17.2, 12.8, 4.8 Hz, 1 H), 2.15 (s, 3H), 1 .99-1 .86 (m, 1 H). Chiral RT= 3.692 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E337: LC-MS: 401.3[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCb): 5 7.79 (s, 1 H), 6.18 (s, 1 H), 5.69 (d, J= 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.98-4.71 (m, 1 H), 4.62-4.40 (m, 3H), 4.19 (dd, J= 1 1.2, 5.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.14-3.88 (m, 3H),

3.53- 3.22 (m, 3H), 2.36 (ddd, J= 25.2, 12.4, 4.8 Hz, 1 H), 2.14 (s, 3H), 1.95-1.77 (m, 1 H). Chiral RT= 6.041 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

14-Chloro-4-methyl-5-(oxan-4-ylmethyl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17- hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14- pentaene (E338)

E338 ( J Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for

0 preparing E12, starting from (tetrahydro-2/-/-pyran-4-yl)methyl

methanesulfonate.

LC-MS: 379.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ): δ 8.29 (s, 1 H), 7.76 (s, 1 H), 7.32 (br, 1 H), 4.18 (br, 2H), 3.82 (d, J= 9.6 Hz, 2H), 3.72 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 2H), 3.27-3.17 (m, 4H), 2.12 (s, 3H), 1.99 (br, 1 H), 1 .70 (br, 2H), 1 .39 (d, J= 12.0 Hz, 2H), 1.27-1 .16 (m, 2H).

4,14-Dichloro-10-methoxy-5-(oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16, 17- hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14- pentaene (E339)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E2 using D13 and D36 as starting materials.

LC-MS: 415.1 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 9.90 (br, 1 H), 7.66 (s, 1 H), 6.81 (br, 1 H), 4.42-4.38 (m, 1 H), 4.33-4.27 (m, 1 H), 4.21 -4.16 (m, 1 H), 4.05-4.02 (m, 2H), 3.90-3.86 (m, 2H), 3.45 (t, J = 12.0 Hz, 3H), 3.39 (s, 3H), 3.31 -3.29 (m, 1 H), 2.19-2.08 (m, 2H), 1 .78-1 .75 (m, 2H).

Enantiomers 1 -2: 4,14-Dichloro-10-methoxy-5-(oxan-4-yl)-8- oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca- 1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E340-E341 )

Compounds were prepared from chiral-separation of E339.

E340: LC-MS: 415.1 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.88 (s, 1 H), 6.18 (br, 1 H), 5.58 (br, 1 H), 4.51 -4.48 (m, 1 H), 4.27-4.26 (m, 2H), 4.24-4.09 (m, 2H), 3.55-3.34 (m, 7H), 2.27-2.20 (m, 2H), 1 .87-1 .81 (m, 2H), 1.95-1.93 (m, 2H), 1 .87-1 .80 (m, 2H). Chiral RT= 5.087 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E341 : LC-MS: 415.1 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.88 (s, 1 H), 6.19 (br, 1 H), 5.69 (br, 1 H), 4.51 -4.48 (m, 1 H), 4.35-4.26 (m, 2H), 4.12-4.09 (s, 2H), 3.87-3.85 (m, 1 H), 3.55-3.49 (m, 2H), 3.43-3.34 (m, 5H), 2.27-2.19 (m, 2H), 1 .86-1 .81 (m, 2H). Chiral RT= 5.623 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

14-Chloro-10-methoxy-4-methyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6, 12, 16-pentaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17), 14-pentaene (E342)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E5, starting from 2,5-dichloro-4-iodopyridine and 3- amino-2-methoxypropan-1 -ol.

LC-MS: 394.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.59 (s, 1 H), 5.53 (s, 1 H), 4.44-4.41 (m, 1 H), 4.29-4.28 (m, 1 H), 4.16-4.1 1 (m, 1 H), 4.07-4.02 (m, 2H), 3.62-3.53 (m, 4H), 3.41 (s, 3H), 3.13-3.10 (m,1 H), 2.26 (s, 3H), 2.23-2.10 (m, 2H), 1 .83-1 .75 (m, 2H).

4,14-Dichloro-11 -methyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17- ί— ° hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14- pentaene (E343)

E343 ^CL Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E13.

LC-MS: 399.1 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.85 (s, 1 H), 6.29 (br, 1 H), 5.16 (br, 1 H), 4.64-4.50 (m, 1 H), 4.36-4.29 (m, 2H), 4.12-4.02 (m, 3H), 3.55-3.49 (m, 2H), 2.28-2.19 (m, 2H),

1 .92-1 .81 (m, 4H), 1.34 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H).

Enantiomers 1 -2: 14-Chloro-4,11 -dimethyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa- 2,5,6,12, 16-pentaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1(16),3,6,13 (17),14-pentaene (E344-E345)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used

E344-E345 for preparing E5, starting from 2,5-dichloro-4-iodopyridine.

E344: LC-MS: 378.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD3OD): δ 7.59 (s, 1 H), 5.67 (s, 1 H), 4.56-4.51 (m, 1 H), 4.31 -4.25 (m, 1 H), 4.08-4.01 (m, 3H), 3.61 -3.53 (m, 3H), 2.26 (s, 3H), 2.24-2.10 (m, 2H), 1 .95-1 .93 (m, 1 H), 1 .83-1 .74 (m, 2H), 1.68-1.64 (m, 1 H), 1.39 (d, J= 7.2Hz, 3H). Chiral RT= 4.047 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%. Enantiomers 1-8: 14-Chloro-5-(3-fluorooxan-4-yl)-11-(methoxy methyl)-4-methyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo [11.3. 1.0 ³ ' ⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E351 -E358)

Compounds were prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E35, starting from D50 and D67.

E351 : LC-MS: 427.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.82 (s,

1H), 6.18 (s, 1H), 5.69 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 1H), 5.02-4.83 (m, 1H), 4.51- 4.33 (m, 3H), 4.10-4.07 (m, 3H), 3.52-3.46 (m, 3H), 3.41 (s, 3H), 3.40-3.37 (m, 1H), 2.48-2.36 (m, 1H), 2.21 (s, 3H), 2.07-2.02 (m, 1H), 1.95-1.81 (m, 1H), 1.74-1.61 (m, 1H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, CDCI3): δ -192.85 (s, 1F). Chiral RT= 2.439 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E352: LC-MS: 427.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 7.83 (s, 1H), 6.16 (s, 1H), 5.70 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 1H), 4.67-4.43 (m, 5H), 4.34- 4.22 (m, 2H), 4.10-4.01 (m, 2H), 3.51-3.47 (m, 2H), 3.41 (s, 3H), 2.36-2.31 (m, 2H), 2.21 (s, 3H), 2.06-2.01 (m, 1H), 1.79-1.71 (m, 1H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, CDCb): δ -231.78 (s, 1F). Chiral RT= 2.831 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E353: LC-MS: 427.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCb): δ 7.83 (s, 1 H), 6.10 (s, 1 H), 5.69 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 1 H), 4.68-4.21 (m, 7H), 4.11-

4.02 (m, 2H), 3.52-3.48 (m, 2H), 3.41 (s, 3H), 2.59-2.49 (m, 1H),

2.38- 2.28 (m, 1H), 2.21 (s, 3H), 2.07-2.01 (m, 1H), 1.73-1.59 (m, 1H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, CDCb): <5 -232.72 (s, 1F). Chiral RT= 4.006 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E354: LC-MS: 427.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCb): δ 7.83 (s, 1H), 6.13 (s, 1H), 5.68 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 1H), 4.91-4.72 (m, 1H), 4.49- 4.21 (m, 3H), 4.08-4.04 (m, 3H), 3.53-3.46 (m, 3H), 3.41 (s, 3H), 3.36-3.31 (m, 1H), 2.56-2.46 (m, 1H), 2.21 (s, 3H), 2.07-1.95 (m, 2H), 1.80-1.59 (m, 1H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, CDCb): δ -193.39 (s, 1F). Chiral RT= 4.418min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E355: LC-MS: 427.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCb): δ 7.82 (s, 1H), 6.37 (s, 1H), 5.68 (d, J= 7.6 Hz, 1H), 4.90-4.72 (m, 1H), 4.49- 4.21 (m, 3H), 4.08-4.05 (m, 3H), 3.53-3.45 (m, 3H), 3.41 (s, 3H), 3.36-3.32 (m, 1H), 2.56-2.45 (m, 1H), 2.21 (s, 3H), 2.07-2.01 (m, 2H), 1.70-1.59 (m, 1H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, CDCb): <5 -193.36 (s, 1F). Chiral RT= 4.447 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

E356: LC-MS: 427.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCb): δ 7.83 (s, 1H), 6.14 (s, 1H), 5.69 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 1H), 4.69-4.21 (m, 7H), 4.12-

4.03 (m, 2H), 3.54-3.46 (m, 2H), 3.41 (s, 3H), 2.59-2.51 (m, 1H),

2.39- 2.29 (m, 1H), 2.21 (s, 3H), 2.07-2.01 (m, 1H), 1.73-1.61 (m, 1H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, CDCb): δ -232.72 (s, 1F). Chiral RT= 6.029 min (chiral method A); ee= 98.5%.

E357: LC-MS: 427.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCb): δ 7.82 (s, 1H), 6.33 (s, 1H), 5.69 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 1H), 5.02-4.83 (m, 1H), 4.50- 4.46 (m, 1H), 4.36-4.24 (m, 2H), 4.14-4.03 (m, 3H), 3.55-3.45 (m, 3H), 3.41 (s, 3H), 3.40-3.35 (m, 1H), 2.46-2.36 (m, 1H), 2.21 (s, 3H), 2.07-2.01 (m, 1H), 1.95-1.89 (m, 1H), 1.81-1.74 (m, 1H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, CDCb): δ -192.84 (s, 1F). Chiral RT= 7.493 min (chiral method A); ee= 97.7%. E372: LC-MS: 383.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.81 (s, 1H), 6.23 (s, 1H), 5.55 (t, J= 6.0 Hz, 1H), 4.89 (d, J= 46.4 Hz, 1H), 4.50-4.42 (m, 1H), 4.36 (dd, J= 5.6, 3.6 Hz, 2H), 4.12 (t, J= 13.2 Hz, 1H), 4.00-3.97 (m, 1H), 3.70 (t, J= 10.8 Hz, 1H), 3.64-3.49 (m, 3H), 2.59-2.35 (m, 2H), 2.22 (s, 3H), 1.94-1.89 (m, 2H). ¹⁹ F NMR (376 MHz, CDCI3): δ -185.99. Chiral RT= 7.239 min (chiral method A); ee= 100%.

(11 R)-14-Chloro-5-(4,4-difluorocyclohexyl)-4,11 -dimethyl-8-oxa- 2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ]heptadeca-1(16),3,6,13 (17),14-pentaene (E373)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E5, starting from D174.

LC-MS: 413.2[M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 7.81 (s, 1H), 6.15 (s, 1H), 5.12-5.11 (m, 1H), 4.48-4.44 (m, 1H), 4.35-4.29 (m, 1H), 4.02-3.99 (m, 2H), 2.31-2.21 (m, 4H), 2.19 (s, 3H), 1.97-1.81 (m, 6H), 1.32~1.30(d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H).

(11 ?)-14-Chloro-5-[4-(difluoromethoxy)cyclohexyl]-4,11-di methyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ]hepta deca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E374)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for

E374 preparing E5, starting from D176.

F^F

LC-MS: 443.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.80 (s, 1H), 6.54 (br, 1H), 6.45-6.03 (m, 1H), 5.18 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 1H), 4.47 (dd, J= 3.2, 11.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.36-4.25 (m, 1 H), 4.23-4.11 (m, 1 H), 4.07- 3.97 (m, 1H), 3.92-3.76 (m, 1H), 2.27-2.04 (m, 6H), 2.02-1.76 (m, 5H), 1.68-1.48 (m, 2H), 1.32 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H).

3-[(11 ?)-14-Chloro-4,11-dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17- hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14- pentaen-5-yl]cyclobutan-1 -ol (E375)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E5, starting from D177.

LC-MS: 365.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 6.85 (br, 1H), 5.30 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 1H), 4.52-4.49 (m, 1H), 4.38 (t, J= 9.6 Hz, 1H),

4.26 (t, J= 10.8 Hz, 1H), 4.17 (t, J= 6.4 Hz, 1H), 4.05-4.03 (m, 1H), 2.92-2.85 (m, 2H), 2.57-2.46 (m, 2H), 2.17 (s, 3H), 2.11-1.86 (m, 2H), 1.31 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H).

3-[(11 ?)-14-Chloro-4,11,12-trimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17- hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ³⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14- pentaen-5-yl] cyclobutan-1-ol (E376)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E5, starting from D178.

LC-MS: 379.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.81 (s, 1H),

6.69 (s, 1H), 4.75-4.72 (m, 1H), 4.51-4.48 (m, 1H), 4.42 (t, J= 10.8 Hz, 1H), 4.25 (t, J= 7.2 Hz, 1H), 4.17 (t, J= 6.4 Hz, 1H), 3.18 (s, 3H), 2.91-2.84 (m, 2H), 2.58-2.43 (m, 2H), 2.15 (s, 3H), 1.93-1.87 (m, 1 H), 1.73-1.68 (m, 1 H), 1.27 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). 14-Chloro-10,10-difluoro-4-methyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa- 2,5,6,12, 16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca- 1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E377)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E12, starting from tert-butyl (2,2-difluoro-3- hyd roxy propyl )ca rba mate .

LC-MS: 401.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.90 (d, J= 2.4 Hz, 1 H), 6.85 (br, 1 H), 5.68 (br, 1 H), 4.52 (t, J= 10.8 Hz, 2H), 4.13-4.05 (m, 3H), 4.00-3.92 (m, 2H), 3.51 (t, J= 1 1 .2 Hz, 2H), 2.31 -2.19 (m, 5H), 1.80-1.77 (m, 2H).

(11 ?)-14-Chloro-5-[3-(difluoromethoxy)cyclobutyl]-4,11 -

^C 'Y dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]

heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17), 14-pentaene (E378)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E374, starting from D177.

LC-MS: 415.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.79-7.77 (m, 1 H), 6.70 (br, 1 H), 6.21 (t, J= 74 Hz, 1 H), 5.25 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 1 H), 4.51 -4.46 (m, 2H), 4.40 (d, J= 10.8 Hz, 1 H), 4.22-4.16 (m, 1 H), 4.06-4.03 (m, 1 H), 2.95-2.88 (m, 2H), 2.88-2.74 (m, 2H), 2.17 (s, 3H), 1 .94-1.82 (m, 2H), 1 .31 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H).

14-Chloro-4-methyl-5-(oxan-3-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16- pentaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14- pentaene (E379)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E1 , starting from 2,5-dichloro-4-iodopyridine and 3- aminopropan-1 -ol.

LC-MS: 364.1 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, MeOD): δ 7.59 (s, 1 H), 5.62 (s, 1 H), 4.25 (t, J= 4Hz, 2H), 4.21 -4.12 (m, 1 H), 3.95-3.88 (m, 2H), 3.65 (t, J= 6 Hz, 1 H), 3.48-3.40 (m, 3H), 2.26 (s, 3H),

2.18-2.1 1 (m, 1 H), 2.07-2.01 (m, 1 H), 1 .88-1.78 (m, 4H).

Isomers 1 -2: 14-Chloro-4-methyl-5-[4-(morpholin-4- yl)cyclohexyl]-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo

[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E380-E381 )

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E148, starting from D85.

E380: LC-MS: 448.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 6.13 (s, 1 H), 5.54 (t, J= 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.41 -4.36 (m, 2H), 3.87-3.79 (m, 1 H), 3.76-3.71 (m, 4H), 3.55-3.49 (m, 2H),

2.62-2.56 (m, 4H), 2.41 -2.32 (m, 1 H), 2.19 (s, 3H), 2.1 1 -2.01 (m, 1 H), 2.00-1.88 (m, 6H), 1 .45-1 .34 (m, 3H). Chiral RT = 5.805 min (chiral method F).

E381 : LC-MS: 448.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI3): δ 7.82 (s, 1 H), 6.07 (s, 1 H), 5.58-5.51 (m, 1 H), 4.43-4.38 (m, 2H), 4.04-3.95 (m, 1 H), 3.79 (t, J= 4.4 Hz, 4H), 3.55-3.50 (m, 2H), 2.52 (br, 4H), 2.27-2.22 (m, 3H), 2.21 (s, 3H), 2.17-2.09 (m, 2H), 1.96-1.90 (m, 3H), 1 .57-1.42 (m, 3H). Chiral RT = 5.881 min (chiral method F).

preparing E13, starting from 5-chloro-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazole. 4-Methyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)-14-(prop-1-en-2-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16 ,17- hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14- pentaene (E429)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E428.

LC-MS: 371.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.55 (s, 1 H), 5.30 (s, 1 H), 5.10 (s, 1 H), 4.34 (t, J= 4.6 Hz, 2H), 4.30-4.22 (m,1 H), 4.07-4.00 (m, 2H), 3.57 (t, J= 1 1 .8 Hz, 2H), 3.43 (t, J= 5.2 Hz, 2H), 2.26 (s, 3H), 2.18-2.10 (m, 2H), 2.01 (s, 3H), 1 .85-1 .77 (m, 4H).

(11 R)-14-Chloro-4-ethyl-11 -methyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17- hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14- pentaene (E430)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for

preparing E294, starting from 4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)- E430

1 H-pyrazole.

LC-MS: 393.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, MeOD): δ 7.73 (s, 1 H), 4.41 -4.26 (m, 2H), 4.00-3.96 (m, 1 H), 2.68-2.54 (m, 2H),

1 .81 -1 .78 (m, 2 H), 1.29 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H), 1.22 (t, J= 16.0 Hz, 3H).

14-Chloro-4,10-dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17- hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14- pentaene (E431 )

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E394, starting from 3-amino-2-methylpropanoic acid.

E431

LC-MS: 295.1 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ HNMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.71 (s, 1 H), 4.57 (s, 1 H), 4.19-4.09 (m, 2H), 3.68-3.63 (m, 1 H), 3.06 (d, J= 12.0 Hz, 1 H), 2.19 (s, 3H), 1.81 (br, 1 H), 0.99 (d, J= 7.4 Hz, 3H).

14-Bromo-4-methyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17- hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14- pentaene (E432)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E394, starting from 5-bromo-2,4-dichloropyrimidine.

E432

LC-MS: 326.1 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ HNMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ): δ 1 1.39 (s, 1 H), 8.25 (s, 1 H), 7.83 (s, 1 H), 7.13 (t, J= 6.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.18 (t, J= 4.4 Hz, 2H), 3.29-3.26 (m, 2H), 2.09 (s, 3H), 1.70 (s, 2H).

4-Methyl-14-(trifluoromethyl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-

HN I NH hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14- pentaene (E433)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for

F preparing E394.

E433

LC-MS: 329.0 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ HNMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 8.03 (s, 1 H), 4.36-4.34 (m, 2H), 3.82-3.78 (m, 1 H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 1.80-1.77 (m, 2H), 1 .23 (d, J= 6.8 Hz, 3H). 14-Cyclopropyl-4-methyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17- hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14- pentaene (E434)

E434 Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E1 , starting from 2,4-dichloro-5-iodopyrimidine.

LC-MS: 371.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, MeOD): δ 7.46 (s, 1 H), 4.34 (t, J= 12.0 Hz, 2H)., 4.28-4.22 (m, 1 H), 4.05 (dd, J= 16.0 Hz, 2H), 3.56 (t, J= 24.0 Hz, 2H), 3.45 (t, J=12.0 Hz, 2H), 2.23 (s, 1 H), 2.17 (dd, J= 16.0 Hz, 2H), 1 .93-1 .76 (m, 4H), 1 .47-1.44 (m, 1 H),0.84 (dd, J= 8.0 Hz, 2H), 0.45 (dd, J= 8.0 Hz, 2H)

(11 R)-14-Chloro-4-(methoxymethyl)-11 -methyl-8-oxa- 2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca- 1 (17),3(7),4, 13,15-pentaene (E435)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E424.

LC-MS: 325.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, MeOD): δ 7.74 (s, 1 H),

4.42-4.40 (m, 3H), 4.31 -4.26 (m, 1 H), 3.98 (s, 1 H), 3.35-3.30 (m, 3H), 1.85-1.82 (m, 2H), 1 .31 -1 .26 (d, J= 20.0 Hz, 3H).

14-Chloro-4-methyl-5-(4-methyloxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17- hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14- pentaene (E436)

E436 Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E420, starting from 2-(2-methyl-1 ,3-dioxolan-2- yl)acetohydrazide and dihydro-2H-pyran-4(3H)-one.

LC-MS: 379.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, MeOD): δ 7.71 (s, 1 H), 4.32 (t, J= 8.0 Hz, 2H), 3.78-3.68 (m, 4H), 3.41 (t, J= 8.0 Hz, 2H), 2.57-2.53 (m, 2 H) 2.31 (s, 3H), 1 .95-1 .81 (m, 4 H), 1 .44 (s, 3H).

(11 R)-14-Chloro-4, 11 -dimethyl-5-(4-methyloxan-4-yl)-8-oxa- 2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca- 1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E437)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E436.

LC-MS: 393.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, MeOD): δ 7.73 (s, 1 H), 4.35-4.32 (m, 2H), 3.97-3.93 (m, 1 H), 3.76-3.69 (m, 4H), 2.55 (dd, J= 16.0 Hz, 2H), 2.23 (s, 3H), 1 .95-1 .89 (m, 2 H), 1.80-1 .76 (m, 2 H), 1 .44 (s, 3H), 1.30 ( t, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H).

4-Chloro-5-(3,3-difluorooxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17- hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14- pentaene-14-carbonitrile (E438)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E414, starting from D195 and 4-nitro-1 H-pyrazole.

LC-MS: 412.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDC ): δ 8.17 (s, 1 H), 7.79 (s, 1 H), 5.97 (s, 1 H), 4.71 -4.52 (m, 1 H), 4.47-4.31 (m, 2H), 4.31 -4.25 (m,1 H), 4.10 (dd, J= 21.2, 9.1 Hz, 1 H), 3.95 (t, J= 5.4 Hz, 2.93-2.86 (m, 3H), 2.25-2.17 (m, 2H), 1.81 -1.79 (m, 2 H), 1 .29(d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H).

Enantiomers1 -2: (11 R)-4,14-Dichloro-5-[3,3-difluoro-1-(oxetan- 3-yl)piperidin-4-yl]-11 -methyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17- hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14- pentaene (E444-E445)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E411.

E444: LC-MS: 490.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, MeOD): δ 7.76 (s, 1 H), 4.78-4.58 (m, 5H), 4.39-4.37 (m, 2H), 3.95-3.91 (m, 1 H), 3.73 (t, J= 16.0 Hz, 1 H), 3.09-3.00 (m, 2H), 2.67-2.64 (m, 1 H),

2.53-2.46 (m, 1 H), 2.32 (t, J= 16.0 Hz, 1 H), 2.09-2.06 (m, 1 H), 1 .83-1 .78 (m, 2 H), 1 .30 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H).

E445: LC-MS: 490.2 [M+H]+. ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, MeOD): δ 7.76 (s, 1 H), 4.72-4.58 (m, 5H), 4.42-4.37 (m, 2H), 4.00-3.96 (m, 1 H), 3.73 (t, J= 16.0 Hz, 1 H), 3.13-3.01 (m, 2H), 2.64-2.45 (m, 2H), 2.32 (t, J= 16.0 Hz, 1 H), 2.02-1.99 (m, 1 H), 1 .83-1 .80 (m, 2 H), 1 .30 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 3H).

4,14-Dichloro-5-[3,3-difluoro-1-(oxetan-3-yl)piperidin-4- yl]-8- oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca- 1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E446)

E446 Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E411.

LC-MS: 476.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d ₆ ): δ 8.61 (s, 1 H), 7.82 (s, 1 H), 7.46 (t, J= 5.6 Hz, 1 H), 4.61 -4.44 (m, 5H), 4.26-4.19 (m, 2H), 3.65 (t, J= 6.2 Hz, 1 H), 3.05-2.98 (m, 1 H), 2.84-2.75 (m, 2H), 2.21 -2.09 (m, 3H), 1.84-1.75 (m, 1 H),

1 .72-1 .61 (m, 1 H), 1.35-1.20 (m, 2H).

(11 R)-14-Chloro-4,11-dimethyl-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)oxan-4-yl]- 8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16, 17-hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca- 1 (16),3,6, 13(17),14-pentaene (E448)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E1 , starting from D203.

E447 LC-MS: 447.1 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.82 (d, J= 4.0

Hz, 1 H), 6.06 (d, J= 20.0 Hz, 1 H)., 5.1 1 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 1 H),

4.67-4.57 (m, 3H), 4.46 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 1 H), 4.37-4.31 (m, 1 H), 3.96 (d, J= 16.0 Hz, 2H), 3.84 (m, 1 H), 2.73 (br, 1 H), 2.18 (t, J= 4.0 Hz, 5H), 1.87-1.80 (m, 1 H), 1 .32-1.26 (m, 4H). lsomers1 -2: (11 R)-14-Chloro-4,11-dimethyl-5-[3- (trifluoromethyl)oxan-4-yl]-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17- hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14- pentaene (E448-E449)

E448-E449

The title compounds E448 and E449 were obtained from chiral separation of E447 (chiral method E). E448: LC-MS: 447.1 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.72(s, 1 H), 4.51 (t, J= 16.0 Hz, 2H), 4.37 (d, J = 12.0 Hz, 2H), 3.89 (br, 1 H), 3.82-3.74 (m, 1 H), 2.89 (br, 1 H), 2.16 (s, 3H), 2.04-2.01 (m, 2H), 1.79 (br, 2H), 1 .63-1 .52 (m, 1 H), 1 .29 (s, 3H), 0.90-0.88 (m, 1 H). Chiral RT = 0.845 min (chiral method E); ee > 99%.

E449: LC-MS: 447.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CD ₃ OD): δ 7.71 (s,1 H), 4.82 (s, 1 H), 4.73-4.49 (m, 1 H), 4.49-4.36 (m, 3H),

3.94-3.93 (m, 1 H), 3.81 (dd, J= 1 1 .6 Hz, 3.6 Hz, 1 H), 3.72-3.69 (m, 1 H), 2.84-2.83 (m, 1 H), 2.25-2.23 (m, 1 H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 2.04-2.00 (m, 1 H), 1 .77-1.76 (m, 2H), 1.26 (d, J= 7.2 Hz, 3H). Chiral RT = 1 .078 min (chiral method E); ee > 99%.

4-{14-chloro-4-methyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17- hexaazatricyclo[11.3.1.0 ^{3 7} ]heptadeca-1 (17),3,6,13,15-pentaen-5- yl}oxane-4-carbonitrile (E450)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for E450

preparing E436, starting from TMSCN.

LC-MS: 390.1 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ HNMR(400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 6.63 (s, 1 H ), 5.66-5.67 (m, 1 H), 4.35-4.37 (m, 2 H), 4.07-4.10 (t, J= 12.0 Hz, 2 H), 3.80-3.86 (br, 2 H), 3.51 -3.55 ( m, 2 H),

2.46-2.54 (m , 5 H), 2.36-2.39 (t, J= 12.0 Hz, 2 H),1.75~1 .91 (t, J= 64.0 Hz, 2 H).

2-{14-Chloro-4-methyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricycl o[11. 3.1.0 ³ ' ⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaen-5-yl}-2- methylpropan-1-ol (E451 )

A solution of E188 (100 mg, 0.25 mmol) in THF (20 mL) was added

NaBH ₄ (28 mg, 0.75 mmol) and LiCI (32 mg, 0.75 mmol) at rt. The mixture was stirred at rt overnight. The reaction was quenched with water and the mixture was extracted with EtOAc (50 mL <3). The combined organic solution was washed with brine (50 mLx2), dried, filtered and concentrated. The residue was purified by prep-HPLC to afford the desired product (4 mg, yield 4%) as a light red solid.

LC-MS: 353.3 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): 5 7.82 (s, 1 H), 6.05 (s, 1 H), 5.55 (m, 1 H), 4.54 (m, 1 H), 4.33-4.35 (m, 2H), 3.84-3.86 (m, 2H), 3.49-3.54 (m, 2H), 2.33 (s, 3H), 1 .90-1 .93 (m, 2H), 1.50 (s, 6H).

2-[(11 R)-14-Chloro-4,11-dimethyl-8-oxa-2,5,6,12,16,17- hexaaza tricyclo[11.3.1.03,7]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaen-5-yl]- 2-methylpropan-1-ol (E452)

Compound was prepared using procedures similar to those used for preparing E451 , starting from D79.

LC-MS: 367.2 [M+H] ⁺ . ¹ H NMR (400 MHz, CDCI ₃ ): δ 7.81 (s, 1 H), 6.32 (s, 1 H), 5.15-5.13 (m, 1 H), 4.59 (brs, 1 H), 4.46-4.24 (m, 2H), 4.02-4.00 (m, 1 H), 3.90-3.81 (m, 2H), 2.32 (s, 3H), 1 .89-1.77 (m, 2H), 1 .52 (s, 3H), 1 .47 (s, 3H), 1 .33-1.31 (m, 3H). The compounds of descriptions D84, D93, D97, D100, D1 12, D130, D133, D142, D160 and D162 are also examples of compounds falling within the scope of the invention.

The compound of Example 6 may also be prepared using the following procedure. This procedure has been followed to produce a total of 485.8 g compound in several batches. (single batch of compound produced from multiple batches of intermediates):

Preparation of 5-chloro-3-methyl-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-1 H-pyrazole

3- Methyl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazole (500 g) and p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (15.0 g) were dissolved in 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (2.5 L) at c. 27°C and stirred for 15 mins. The solution was then cooled to c.-1 1 °C and treated with 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran (430 ml_). The reaction mixture was stirred for c. 22 h at c.-1 1 °C before being cooled to c.-63 °C and treated with a 1 .5 M solution of LiHMDS in THF (2.9 L) over c.60 min. The reaction mixture was stirred at - 63°C for 45 min before a solution of perchloroethane (1024 g) in 2-methyl THF (2 L) was added over 80 min. The reaction was stirred for a further 50 min at c. -63°C, warmed to 18°C and stirred for a further 15 min before being quenched with a solution of ammonium chloride (930 g) in water (1 .57 L). The pH was adjusted to 5-6 by addition of 2 M HCI (2.5 L) followed by acetic acid (19 ml.) before TBME (3 L) was added and the mixture was stirred at c.18°C for 16 mins. The mixture was filtered through celite (100 g) and washed through with further TBME (1 L). The aqueous layer was separated and back extracted with TBME (1 L). The combined organic phases were then washed twice with 1 L of a 1 :1 mixture of saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate and saturated aqueous sodium chloride. The washed organic phase was concentrated to 2L. by vacuum distillation and the temperature was adjusted to c. 42°C before heptane (6.5 L) was added over 25 min. The slurry was stirred at c.41 °C for 15 min, cooled to 2°C over 2 h and then stirred at 2°C for 1 h before the product was collected by filtration. The product cake was washed twice with 1 L of a 4:1 mixture of TBME and heptane and dried under vacuum at c. 30°C to deliver the desired product 5-chloro-3-methyl-

4- nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-1 H-pyrazole (549 g, 56.8%).

Preparation of (R)-4-((3-methyl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-5-yl)oxy)butan-2-amine hydrochloride

To a mixture of powdered cesium fluoride (1.85 kg) and tert-butyl (R)-(4-hydroxybutan-2- yl)carbamate (635 g) in Ν,Ν-dimethylacetamide (DMA) (3.75 L) was added 5-chloro-3- methyl-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)-1 H-pyrazole (750 g) and the slurry was heated to 50°C for c. 22 h. After cooling the reaction mixture to 20°C water (3.75 L) and TBME (3.75 L) were added, the mixture was stirred for 10 min and the aqueous phase was separated. The organic phase was then washed twice with saturated aqueous ammonium chloride solution (2 x 3.75 L) followed by 15% w/w aqueous NaCI solution (3.75 L). The washed organic phase was concentrated to 2.25 L by vacuum distillation before IPA (3.75 L) was added and the mixture further concentrated to 3.75 L by vacuum distillation. After clarification of the concentrated solution by filtration, using IPA (0.75 L) as a line wash, a 5-6 M solution of HCI in IPA (3.1 L) was added and the reaction heated to 50°C and stirred for c. 1 h. The resulting slurry was cooled to c. 22°C before TBME (6.0 L) was added. The slurry was then aged at c. 22°C for 1 h before the product was collected by filtration and the cake washed with 2:1 v/v TB ME/I PA (2.25 L) followed by TBME (1.5 L). The damp cake was dried under vacuum at 30°C to deliver the desired product (R)-4-((3-methyl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-5- yl)oxy)butan-2-amine hydrochloride (599 g, 78.3%)

Preparation of (R)-2,5-dichloro-N-(4-((5-methyl-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H- pyrazol-3-yl)oxy)butan-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-amine

A mixture of (R)-4-((3-methyl-4-nitro-1 H-pyrazol-5-yl)oxy)butan-2-amine hydrochloride (700 g) and triethylamine (1.23 L) in 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (7.0 L) was warmed to c. 58°C for c. 30 min and then treated with 2,4,5-trichloropyrimidine (320 mL) over 3 h. The reaction was sturred at 58°C for c. 3 h before the slurry was cooled to c. 20°C and washed with water (3.5 L) followed by 20% w/w aqueous ammonium chloride solution (3.5 L) and then 15% w/w aqueous NaCI solution (3.5 L). The washed organic layer was concentrated to 2.1 L by vacuum distillation before 2-methyl THF (3.5 L) was added and the mixture again

concentrated to 2.1 L by vacuum distillation.

DMSO (3.0 L) was added and the solution was concentrated to 4.5 vol by vacuum distillation before additional DMSO (2.6 L) was added. Tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl methanesulfonate (1 .26 kg) and caesium carbonate (1 .80 kg) were added and the reaction was heated to c. 80°C for c.17 h. Upon reaction completion the mixture was cooled to 20°C before water (5.0 L) and isopropyl acetate (5.0 L) were added. The aqueous layer was back extracted with 2:1 v/v isopropyl acetate / heptane (6.0 L). Water (3.0 L) was added to the combined organic layers with vigorous stirring for 10 min and the obtained biphasic solution was decanted from the precipitated red interfacial gum. The aqueous phase was disgarded and the organic phase was further washed with 10% aq NaCI solution. The washed organic phase was concentrated to dryness under vacuum before being re-dissolved in ethanol (3.0 L) at c. 62°C, Water (1 .0 L) was added and the mixture cooled to 18°C over c. 4 h. The obtained slurry was stirred at c. 18°C for a further c.15 h before the product was collected by filtration and washed twice with 3:1 v/v EtOH/water. The damp cake was dried under vacuum at 40°C to deliver the desired product (R)-2,5-dichloro-N-(4-((5-methyl-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H- pyran-4-yl)-1 H-pyrazol-3-yl)oxy)butan-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-amine (572 g, 45.2%)

Preparation of intermediate grade (1 1 R)-14-chloro-4,1 1 -dimethyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa- 2,5,6,12,16,17-hexaazatricyclo [1 1 .3.1.0 ³ ' ⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene

A mixture of (R)-2,5-dichloro-N-(4-((5-methyl-4-nitro-1 -(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-1 H- pyrazol-3-yl)oxy)butan-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-amine (398.7 g), methanol (4 L), 1 %Pd/ 2%V on carbon, 61 % wet (160.0 g), and 50% aq phosphinic acid (23.6 g) was hydrogenated under c. 3 bar hydrogen pressure at c. 50°C for c. 16 h until reaction complete was observed by HPLC. The reaction mixture was filtered to remove the catalyst, the catalyst cake was washed with methanol (0.8 L) and the filtrate was solvent exchanged with 2- methyltetrahydrofuran. The 2-methyltetrahydrofuran solution (2.4 L) was heated to 57°C and washed with 6% w/w aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (3.2 L) followed by water (2.8 L). The organic solution was azeotropically dried with 2-methyltetrahydrofuran by vacuum distillation to give a final volume of 2.0 L. The contents were heated to 80°C, stirred for 0.5 h then cooled to 20°C over c. 3 h before heptane (2.0 L) was added over c. 3 h. The product was then collected by vacuum filtration and washed with a 1 : 1 .4 mixture of 2- methyltetrahydrofuran and heptane (0.8 L) before drying under vacuum at 50°C to deliver intermediate grade (1 1 R)-14-chloro-4,1 1 -dimethyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2,5,6,12, 16,17- hexaazatricyclo [1 1 .3.1.0 ³ ' ⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (245 g, 72.4%)

Preparation of (1 1 R)-14-Chloro-4,1 1 -dimethyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2, 5,6, 12, 16,17- hexaazatricyclo [1 1 .3.1.0 ³ ' ⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene, form 1

Intermediate grade (1 1 R)-14-chloro-4,1 1 -dimethyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa-2, 5,6, 12, 16,17- hexaazatricyclo [1 1 .3.1.0 ³ ' ⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene (522.7 g) was stirred in a mixture of 30:70 v/v 1 -propanol/heptane (1 .57 L) at 20°C for c.26 hours. The product was collected by vacuum filtration and washed with 30:70 v/v 1 -propanol/heptane (1 L) before drying under vacuum at 50°C to deliver (1 1 R)-14-chloro-4,1 1 -dimethyl-5-(oxan-4-yl)-8-oxa- 2,5,6,12, 16, 17-hexaazatricyclo [1 1 .3.1.0 ³ ' ⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (16),3,6,13(17),14-pentaene, form 1 (485.8 g, 93 %). The compound of example 6 was subjected to form sceening. In addition to form 1 (a non- solvated crystalline form), which may be produced as outlined above, a 1 ,4-dioxane solvate was isolated as a mixture with form 1 following slow evaporation of a solution of example 6 in 1 ,4-dioxane at room temperature over seven days, followed by rapid evaporation of remaining solutions under reduced pressure for 24 hours.

Form 1 exhibits a sharp endotherm at 223°C and negligible weight loss up to 225°C. XRPD data for form 1 was acquired using a PANalytical X'Pert Pro powder diffractometer, model PW3040/60 using an X'Celerator detector. The acquisition conditions were: radiation: Cu Ka, generator tension: 40 kV, generator current: 45 mA, start angle: 2.0° 2Θ, end angle: 40.0° 2Θ, step size: 0.0167° 2Θ, time per step: 31.75 seconds. The sample was prepared by mounting a few milligrams of sample on a silicon wafer (zero background plate), resulting in a thin layer of powder. Peak positions were measured using Highscore software.

Characteristic XRPD angles form Form I produced by the route given above are recorded in Table 2. The margin of error is approximately ± 0.2° 2Θ for each of the peak assignments. Peak intensities may vary from sample to sample due to preferred orientation.

Table 2

F. Biological Assays and Data

As stated above, the compounds of the present invention are LRRK2 kinase inhibitors, and may be useful in the treatment of diseases mediated by LRRK2. The biological activities and/or properties of the compounds of the present invention can be determined using any suitable assay, including assays for determining the activity of a candidate compound as a LRRK2 kinase inhibitor, as well as tissue and in vivo models. 1. Assays

a. Full Length G2019 Human LRRK2 Inhibition Mass Spectrometry Assay

This assay for Leucine Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2) inhibition is based on the direct measurement of the peptide 'LRRKtide' (LRRKtide: RLGRDKYKTLRQIRQ and " ^* " refers to the site of phosphorylation.) and phosphorylated 'LRRKtide' using a high throughput RapidFire mass spectrometry assay. Inhibitors are compounds that reduce the conversion of LRRKtide to phospho-LRRKtide. Human G2019 LRRK2 Plasmid Preparation

Primers used for PCR cloning:

pHTBV-F:SEQ ID No: 1

LRRK2 wt-F1 :SEQ ID No: 2

LRRK2 wt-R1 : SEQ ID No: 3

LRRK2 wt-F2: SEQ ID No: 4

LRRK2 wt-R2: SEQ ID No: 5

LRRK2 wt-F3:SEQ ID No: 6

pHTBV-R: SEQ ID No: 7

pHTBV1 -N-Flag-hu LRRK2 was generated by PCR amplifying the full length LRRK2 sequence with N terminal Flag tag from pcDNA3.1 (+)_Human_LRRK2 (NCBI Reference Sequence: NP_940980.3) with the primers described above, and cloned into pHTBV1 mcs3 vector between BamHI and Kpnl sites.

The G2019 full length Flag-LRRK2 coding sequence is SEQ ID No: 8.

The translated amino acid sequence for human G2019 full length N terminal flag tagged LRRK2 protein is SEQ ID No: 9.

Insect Cell Cultures

Sf9 insect cells (Invitrogen Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA) were maintained at 27°C in SF 900 II SFM in 500-ml shaker flasks (Erienmeyer, Corning). The cells were maintained in exponential growth phase and subcultured twice per week. For larger volumes, cells were grown in 2-liter shake flasks (Erienmeyer, Corning) 120 rpm at 27°C in a shaking incubator, with agitation at 120 rpm. Generation of the BacMam Virus

To generate the recombinant BacMam virus, DHI OBac competent cells (10361 -012, Invitrogen) were transformed with the genotypically normal human LRRK2 BacMam plasmid to generate the recombinant baculovirus DNA. The Sf9 insect cells were co-transfected with a mixture of recombinant baculovirus DNA and cellfectin (10362-100, Invitrogen). After 4 h of incubation at 27 °C, the transfection mediium was replaced with Sf-900 III SFM medium containing 5% HI FBS (10100147, Invitrogen). The cells were further incubated for 4 days. The infected cell culture medium containing the baculovirus (P0 virus stock) was collected and amplified by further infecting the 200 ml Sf9 cells with 200-300ul of the P0 virus stock.

Quantification of BacMam Viral Titre by BacPAKRapid Titer

The viral titre, measured as plaque forming unit (pfu)/ml was determined using BacPAK Rapid Titer Kit (631406, Clontech) according to the manufacturer's protocol. The Sf9 cells seeded in 96-well plate with 3 ^χ 10 ⁵ cells per well were incubated with serial dilution of the viral stocks for 1 h at 27 °C, 50 μΙ methyl cellulose overlay was added to each well followed by 43-47 h incubation. The cells were then fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA). After blocking the cells with diluted normal goat serum, Mouse anti-gp64 antibody was added to the cells. After 30 min incubation, the cells were washed with phosphate buffered saline containing 0.2% Triton-X100 (PBST) and incubated for a further 30 min with goat anti- mouse antibody/HRP conjugate. This was followed by blue peroxidase substrate which detects the single infected cells and foci of infected cells by their dark blue color.

Protein Expression & Purification

a) Expression of Flag Tagged Full Length G2019 Human LRRK2 HEK293 6E cells were incubated in a 37°C incubator with a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2 on an orbital shaker rotating at 1 10 rpm in Freestyle 293 medium (Invitrogen 12338) supplemented with o.1 % Pluronic F68 (Invitrogen 24040-032), 25ug/ml Geneticin (Invitrogen 10131035) and 1 X Glutamax (Gibco 35050). On the day of transduction, the cell viability was higher than 98% and the cell density was in the range of 1 x10 ⁶ ~1.5x10 ⁶ cells/ml.

HEK293 6E cells were centrifuged at 1 ,000rpm for 10min, and then the cells were resuspended in fresh Freestyle 293 expression medium with 0.1 % Pluronic F-68

(lnvitrogen:24040- but without the other additions, at a density of 1 x10 ⁶ cells/ml.

BacMam virus containing Flag-hu LRRK2 (genotypically normal) was centrifuged at 40,000g for 2 hours, then resuspended in fresh Freestyle 293 expression medium. The resuspended virus was added into the cells at MOI of 10. The cells were incubated in a 37°C incubator with a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2 in air on an orbital shaker rotating at 1 10 rpm. Cultures were harvested at approximately 48 hours post-transduction by centrifugation at 4,000rpm for 20min and pellets were frozen for purification. b) Purification of Flag Tagged Full Length G2019 Human LRRK2 The cell pellet was resuspended in (20ml_/liter cell culture) lysis buffer (50mM TrisHCI pH7.5 at 4°C, 500mM NaCI, 0.5mM EDTA, 0.1 % TritonX-100, 10% glycerol, freshly add 2mM DTT), with protease inhibitors (Roche: 04693132001 ) and benzonase(Merck Millipore:

70746-3CN ) at recommended concentration suggested by suppliers. The suspended cells were lysed by sonication on ice for 30min (2secs on/ 4sec off, 20 % amplitude), and centrifuged at 10,000rpm for 30 minutes at 4 ^° C. The supernatant was incubated with 1 ml_ per litre of cell culture of anti-Flag magnetic beads (Sigma-Aldrich: M8823 ) at 4°C for 3 hours, prior to washing the beads 3 times with 5ml_ (5 column volumes) of binding buffer (50mM Tris pH7.5@ 4°C, 500mM NaCI, 0.5mM EDTA, 0.1 % TritonX-100, 10% glycerol, freshly add 2mM DTT). The Flag tagged LRRK2 proteins were eluted with Elution buffer (50mM Tris pH7.5@ 4°C, 500mM NaCI, 0.5mM EDTA, 0.1 % TritonX-100, 10% glycerol, freshly add 2mM DTT , 250ug/ml Flag peptide (Sigma-Aldrich :F3290)) at 4°C for 2 hours. Flag peptide was removed using Zeba Spin Desalting Columns, 7K MWCO (Thermo-Fisher: 89893) and the buffer containing the eluted LRRK2 proteins was exchanged into Storage Buffer (50mM Tris pH7.5@4°C , 150 mM NaCI, 0.5 mM EDTA, 0.02% Triton X-100, 2 mM DTT and 50% Glycerol) using Amicon Ultra Centrifugal Filter Units(100kD) (Merck:

UFC910096). Fractions containing LRRK2 proteins were pooled, aliquoted and stored at - 80°C. Protein concentration was determined by Bradford protein assay, and protein purity was analyzed by SDS-PAGE using NuPAGE Novex 4-12% Bis-Tris Protein Gels (Invitrogen: NP0322BOX).

Assay Protocol

1 ) Compounds were dissolved in 100% DMSO at a concentration of 10mM, and 1 1 -point dose response curves generated using a 1 in 4 serial dilution in DMSO. 100nl_ of this dilution series was then added to a 384 well, v bottom polypropylene plate (Greiner 781280), excluding columns 6 and 18. 100nl_ of DMSO were added to column 6 to serve as the high control, while column 18 served as the low control containing assay buffer in place of the LRRK2 protein. Assay dilution gave a top final assay concentration of test compound of 100 μΜ 2) 5μΙ_ of 'enzyme solution' containing 2X final assay concentration of purified recombinant Full length Flag-LRRK2 in assay buffer (50mM Hepes ,pH 7.2, 10mM MgC , 150mM NaCI, 5% glycerol, 0.0025% Triton X-100 and 1 mM DTT) were added to all wells using a Multidrop Combi dispenser (ThermoFisher Scientifiec), giving a final assay

concentration of 25nM LRRK2 enzyme (final concentration may vary depending on specific activity of different enzyme batches).

3) 5μΙ_ of substrate solution containing 50μΜ LRRKtide peptide substrate and mM ATP was added to all wells of the plate using a Multidrop Combi dispenser giving a final assay concentration of 25μΜ LRRKtide peptide and 2mM ATP. Test plates were then incubated for 1 hour at room temperature. (Incubation may vary depending on rate and linearity of reaction with different enzyme batches).

4) 50μΙ of 1 % formic acid in laboratory grade water was added to all wells to quench the reaction, and plates were heat-sealed prior to centrifugation at 1348xg for 10 minutes. Test plates were then analysed on an Agilent RapidFire High Throughput solid phase extraction system coupled to AB Sciex API 4000 triple quadropole mass spectrometer with the following setting:

RapidFire settings:

• Sip Height = 2mm, Aspirate = 500 ms, Load time = 3000 ms, Elution time = 3000 ms, Requilibration=500 ms.

· Flow rates: pump 1 = 1 .5 mL/min, pump 2 1 .25 mL/min pump 3 =0.8 mL/min

Mass Spectrometer Settings:

• LRRKtide Detection settings: Q1 mass 644.8Da, Q3 mass 638.8, declustering potential 76 volts, collision energy 37 volts, CXP 34 volts.

• Phospho-LRRKtide Detection settings: Ql mass 671 .4 Da, Q3 mass 638.8, Declustering potential 76 volts, Collision energy 37 volts, CXP 34 volts.

• A C4 cartridge was used and running buffers were: A (aqueous) 0.1 % formic acid in water B (organic) 0.1 % formic acid, 80% acetonitrile, 20% water.

• Collision gas: 12, Curtain gas: 25, Ion Source gas (1 ): 60, Ion Source gas (2): 60, Ion Spray Voltage: 5500, Temperature: 600, Interfaec Heater: ON.

· Resolution Q1 : low, Resolution Q3: low.

5) Data were analysed using ActivityBase software (I DBS). A percent conversion from LRRKtide to Phospho-LRRKtide was calculated using the following formula:

%conversion= (Phospho-LRRKtide product peak area/(Phospho-LRRKtide product peak area + LRRKtide substrate peak area)) ^* 100

A logistic 4 parameter curve fit was applied, using the following formula,

Where x is the concentration of test sample, y is inhibition (%), a is the minimum, b is the Hill slope, c is the I C50 and d is the maximum. From this, the plC50 was derived (- loglC50). b. Recombinant Cellular LRRK2 AlphaScreen Assay

To determine the activity of compounds against LRRK2 kinase in cells, the observed LRRK2 kinase-dependent modulation of LRRK2 Ser 935 phosphorylation (Dzamko et al., 2010, Biochem. J. 430: 405-413) was utilized to develop a quantitative 384 well plate-based immunoassay of LRRK2 Ser935 phosphorylation in the human neuroblastoma cell line SH- SY5Y, engineered to over-express recombinant full length LRRK2 protein.

Assay Protocol

A BacMam virus expressing full length recombinant LRRK2 was purchased from Invitrogen and amplified by inoculation of SF-9 cells at MOI 0.3 for 4-5 days in Sf-900 III SFM medium supplemented with 3% fetal bovine serum. Infected cell cultures were then centrifuged at 2000g for 20 minutes, viral supernatant titer determined by anti-gp64 plaque assay and stored at 4 °C.

Affinity-purified anti-phospho LRRK2 Ser935 sheep polyclonal antibody (Dzamko et al., 2010, Biochem. J. 430: 405-413) was biotinylated by standard methods (PerkinElmer). Anti- LRRK2 rabbit polyclonal antibody was purchased from Novus Biologicals. AlphaScreen Protein A IgG Kit (including acceptor and donor beads) was purchased from Perkin Elmer.

SH-SY5Y cells were grown in DMEM/F12 medium with 10% dialysed fetal bovine serum and harvested by treatment with 0.5 % trypsin-EDTA for 5 minutes at 37°C followed by centrifugation at l OOOrpm for 4 minutes. The cell pellet was resuspended in Opti-MEM reduced serum media (Invitrogen) at 200,000 cells/ml and mixed with the BacMam LRRK2 virus at MOI=50. 50 μΙ cell solutions were then dispensed to each well of a 384-well plate and incubated at 37 °C, 5 % C0 ₂ for 24 hours.

Compounds were prepared at 10X final assay concentration as 1 1 point 1 in 4 serial I dilutions in Opti-MEM reduced serum medium (Invitrogen 31985070) containing 1 % DMSO. On the day of assay, 5.5 μΙ of the compound solutions were transferred from the compound plate to the cell assay plate to achieve a top final assay concentration of 10uM. DMSO (0.1 % final assay concentration) was added to column 6 and 2-(benzyloxy)-5-methyl-4-(1 -methyl- 1 H-pyrazol-4-yl)-N-(pyridin-3-yl)benzamide (2μΜ final assay concentration) was added to column 18 to serve as 0% and 100% inhibition controls, respectively.

Cells were incubated at 37°C, 5% CO2 for 60 minutes. The medium was then removed and cells lysed by addition of 20μΙ of cell lysis buffer (Cell Signaling Technology) and incubation at 4 °C for 20 minutes. 10μΙ of antibody/acceptor bead mix [(1/1000 biotinylated-pS935 LRRK2 antibody, 1/1000 total-LRRK2 antibody, 1/100 Acceptor beads in AlphaScreen detection buffer (25mM Hepes (pH 7.4), 0.5% Triton X-100, 1 mg/ml Dextran 500 and 0.1 % BSA)] was then added to each well and plates incubated for 2 hours at ambient temperature in the dark. 10 μΙ of donor beads solution (1/33.3 donor beads in AlphaScreen detection buffer) was then added to each well. Following incubation for a further 2 hours at ambient temperature in the dark, plates were read on an EnVision™ plate reader at emission 520- 620nm with excitation 680nm. Dose response curve data was based on a sigmoidal dose- response model. c. Metabolic Stability Assay Metabolic stability of compounds of the invention was evaluated in hepatocytes from human and preclinical species (e.g. rat). A test compound (0.5 μΜ) was incubated with 0.5 million viable hepatocytes at 37°C in a 95% humidified incubator supplied with 5% CO2. 7- ethoxycoumarin was used as positive control and was treated in the same manner as the test compound. The incubation samples were gently mixed at 150 rpm. Incubation medium was Williams' Medium E containing 2 mM GlutaMAX™ and 25 mM HEPES. Samples were removed from incubation at a specified time interval (t _x ): 0, 15, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min. Reactions were terminated by adding equal volume of ice-cold acetonitrile/methanol/acetic acid (80/20/1 , v/v/v) containing an internal standard (e.g. 100 ng/mL tobutamide as internal standard). The precipitated protein was pelleted by centrifugation and the supernatant was transferred to a new 96-well polypropylene plate for LC/MS/MS analysis. The instrument responses of the test compound and the internal standard were measured using a compound specific LC/MS/MS methodology. The percentage of remaining test compound is calculated from the peak area ratio between the remaining test compound after incubation (t _x ) and the test compound peak area at the beginning of incubation (t _x =0 min).

The half-life (ti/2) is calculated using the following equation: where k is the turn-over rate constant from regression of In (percentage of remaining test compound) over t _x .

Metabolic stability of a test compound is expressed as Intrinsic Clearance (Clint) and is calculated from the half-life (ti/2) using the following equation:

Clint (ml/min/g) = (0.693/ 12) * (ml per incubation/ number of cells per incubation) ^χ (number of cells/gram wet weight tissue)

Constants used to represent number of million cells/gram of wet tissue weight: 1 17.5 for human tissue and 108 for rat tissue. 2. Biological Data

Certain compounds of the invention were tested in the full length G2019 human LRRk2 inhibition mass spectrometry assay, the recombinant cellular LRRK2 alphaScreen assay and the metabolic stability assay.

The pl Ceo value or the C value from the assays for each tested compound either reported in at least one experiment or the average of multiple experiments. It is understood that the data described herein may have reasonable variations depending on the specific conditions and procedures used by the person conducting the experiments. In the full length G2019 human LRRK2 inhibition mass spectrometry assay, the following compounds of the invention exhibited pI Cso 5 ^s 5.0: Examples E1 , E3, E5, E6, E7, E9, E1 1 , E12, E13, E19, E20, E26, E28, E29, E30, E31 , E32, E33, E34, E35, E36, E43, E45, E46, E47, E48, E49, E51 , E52, E53, E54, E56, E57, E58, E60, E61 , E62, E63, E64, E65, E66, E67, E68, E70, E84, E88, E89, E90, E104, E105, E106, E107, E109, E1 10, E1 12, E1 14, E1 16, E1 17, E120, E121 , E123, E124, E127, E128, E130, E134, E136, E137, E138, E140, E141 , E145, E146, E147, E154, E155, E180, E182, E183, E184, E185, E186, E187, E188, E189, E190, E191 , E192, E193, E195, E197, E198, E199, E201 , E203, E208, E209, E210, E21 1 , E212, E213, E214, E215, E217, E218 , E221 , E222, E228, E236, E243, E244, E245, E246, E250, E251 , E258, E259, E260, E261 , E262, E263, E264, E265, E266, E270, E271 , E272, E273, E274, E275, E278, E279, E280, E286, E287, E290, E291 , E292, E293, E294, E295, E296, E298, E299, E301 , E302, E303, E304, E305, E306, E307, E308, E309, E31 1 , E315, E316, E317, E318, E319, E320, E323, E351 , E352, E353, E354, E355, E356, E357, E358, E360, E363, E364, E365, E366, E367, E369, E370, E375, E376, E377, E378, E379, E382, E385, E386, E387,E388, E389, E390, E391 , E394, E395, E396, E397, E399, E401 , E403, E404, E405, E406, E409, E410, E41 1 , E414, E415, E416, E417, E418, E419, E421 , E422, E423, E424, E426, E427, E428, E429, E430, E432, E433, E444, E445, E446 and E447. The following compounds exhibited pICso≥ 7.0: Examples E1, E3, E5, E6, E11, E12, E13, E20, E28, E30, E31, E32, E35, E36, E45, E47, E48, E49, E51, E52, E54, E57, E58, E60, E61, E62, E64, E65, E66, E67, E68, E70, E84, E88, E90, E104, E105, E106, E107, E109, E110, E112, E114, E116, E117, E121, E123, E124, E127, E128, E130, E134, E136, E137, E140, E141, E145, E146, E154, E155, E180, E183, E184, E186, E187, E188, E191, E192, E195, E198, E201, E203, E208, E210, E213, E215, E218, E221, E222, E236, E243, E244, E245, E251, E258, E259, E260, E265, E266, E270, E272, E274, E278, E287, E291, E293, E295, E298, E301, E302, E304, E305, E306, E307, E308, E309, E311, E316, E317, E318, E320, E351, E352, E353, E354, E355, E357, E358, E364, E365, E366, E367, E369, E375, E376, E377, E378, E379, E382, E385, E386, E387, E388, E389, E390, E391, E394, E395, E396, E397, E399, E401, E403, E404, E405, E406, E410, E411, E414, E415, E416, E417, E418, E419, E421, E422, E423, E424, E427, E430, E432, E433, E444, E445, E446 and E447. The following compounds exhibited plC50 = 4: Examples E181, E216 and E312. In the recombinant cellular LRRK2 alphaScreen assay, the following compounds of the invention exhibited plC ₅₀ ≥ 5.0: Examples E1 through E188; E190 through E427; E430 through E440; E442 through E452. The following compounds exhibit pICso≥ 7.0: Examples E1, E2, E3, E5, E6, E8, E10, E11, E12, E13, E14, E15, E16, E17, E18, E20, E24, E25, E27, E28, E30, E32, E35, E38, E42, E44, E45, E46, E47, E48, E49, E50, E51, E52, E54, E57, E58, E59, E60, E61, E62, E64, E65, E66, E67, E68, E69, E70, E71, E72, E73, E80, E81, E82, E84, E86, E87, E88, E90, E91, E94, E95, E96, E98, E100, E101, E104, E105, E106,

E107, E108, E109, E110, E111, E112, E116, E117, E118, E119, E121, E122, E123, E124,

E125, E126, E127, E128, E130, E131, E132, E133, E134, E135, E136, E139, E140, E141,

E142, E143, E144, E145, E146, E150, E151, E152, E153, E154, E158, E161, E162, E163,

E165, E168, E169, E170, E172, E174, E175, E178, E179, E180, E181, E183, E184, E186,

E187, E188, E191, E192, E194, E195, E198, E200, E201, E202, E203, E206, E207, E208,

E210, E213, E215, E218, E219, E220, E221, E222, E223, E227, E228, E229, E230, E233,

E234, E235, E236, E237, E238, E239, E241, E243, E244, E245, E247, E249, E251, E255,

E257, E258, E259, E260, E265, E266, E269, E270, E274, E276, E278, E281, E282, E284,

E287, E288, E289, E291, E293, E300, E301, E302, E303, <E304, E305, E306, E307, E308,

E309, E310, E311, E312, E314, E316, E317, E318, E322, E325, E326, E328, E330, E331,

E334, E335, E336, E337, E338, E339, E341, E342, E343, E345, E346, E347, E351, E353,

E354, E357, E358, E359, E362, E363, E364, E365, E366, E367, E369, E371, E372, E373,

E374, E375, E376, E377, E378, E379, E380, E382, E383, E384, E385, E386, E387, E389,

E391, E392, E393, E394, E395, E396, E397, E399, E400, E401, E402, E403, E404, E406,

E408, E410, E411, E412, E413, E415, E416, E417, E421, E422, E423, E427, E430, E431,

E432, E433, E436, E437, E438, E440, E442, E443, E444, E445, E446, E447, E448, E450, E451 and E452. The following compounds exhibited plC50 < 5.0: Examples E189, E428, E429, E441 , racemic 14-chloro-4,1 1 -dimethyl-5-{2-oxaspiro[3.3]heptan-6-yl}-8-oxa- 2 _! 5 _! 6 _! 12 _! 16 _! 17-hexaazatricyclo[1 1.3.1.0 ³ ' ⁷ ]heptadeca-1 (17) _! 3 _! 6 _! 13,15-pentaene and 3- methyl-8-(prop-1 -en-2-yl)-2-(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-yl)-2,4,10,1 1 ,12,13-hexahydro-5,9- (azeno)pyrazolo[3,4-b][1 ,4,6,10]oxatriazacyclotridecine.

In the metabolic stability assay (in human hepatocytes), the following compounds of the invention exhibited C (human) <10.0: Examples E1 , E3, E6, E10, E1 1 , E12, E14, E15, E16, E17, E18, E20, E24, E27, E28, E29, E30, E32, E34, E35, E44, E45, E46, E47, E48, E52, E53, E54, E57, E59, E60, E61 , E62, E63, E64, E65, E66, E67, E68, E83, E84, E88, E95, E98, E101 , E102, E104, E106, E107, E123, E124, E134, E136, E145, E146, E178, E181 , E183, E184, E187, E191 , E195, E196, E202, E203, E210, E213, E220, E222, E229, E230, E233, E234, E235, E236, E238, E243, E244, E249, E251 , E261 , E265, E266, E270, E276, E281 , E284, E285, E288, E289, E290, E291 , E292, E293, E297, E298, E301 , E302, E303, E305, E306, E31 1 , E315, E330, E338, E339, E343, E345, E359, E366, E367,E369, E371 , E380, E393, E395, E400, E406 and E417. The following compounds exhibited Clint<3.0 (human): Examples E1 , E3, E6, E10, E1 1 , E12, E14, E15, E16, E17, E18, E20, E24, E27, E28, E29, E30, E32, E34, E35, E44, E45, E46, E47, E48, E52, E53, E54, E57, E59, E60, E61 , E62, E63, E64, E65, E66, E67, E68, E83, E84, E88, E95, E98, E101 , E102, E104, E106, E107, E123, E124, E134, E136, E145, E146, E178, E181 , E183, E184, E187, E191 , E195, E196, E202, E203, E210, E213, E229, E230, E233, E234, E235, E236, E238, E243, E244, E249, E251 , E265, E266, E270, E276, E281 , E284, E285, E288, E289, E290, E291 , E292, E293, E297, E298, E301 , E302, E303, E305, E306, E31 1 , E315, E330, E338, E339, E343, E345, E359, E366, E367,E369, E371 , E380, E393, E395, E406 and E417. The compound of example E362 exhibited Clint>10 (human).

Sequence Listing

SEQ ID NO: 1 Primers used for PCR cloning of Human G2019 LRRK2 plasmids preparation: pHTBV- F

5 -GATCTCGACGGGCGCGGATCCACCATGGATTACAAGGATGACGACGAT-3'

SEQ ID NO: 2 Primers used for PCR cloning of Human G2019 LRRK2 plasmids preparation: LRRK2 wt-F1

5 -CATGGATTACAAGGATGACGACGATAAGATGGCTAGTGGCAGCTGTCAG-3'

SEQ ID NO: 3 Primers used for PCR cloning of Human G2019 LRRK2 plasmids preparation: LRRK2 wt-R1

5'-GTTCACGAGATCCACTATTCAGTAAGAGTTCCACCAATTTGGGACTG-3'

SEQ ID NO: 4 Primers used for PCR cloning of Human G2019 LRRK2 plasmids preparation: LRRK2 wt-F2

5'- GAATAGTGGATCTCGTGAACAAG -3' SEQ ID NO: 5 Primers used for PCR cloning of Human G2019 LRRK2 plasmids preparation: LRRK2 wt-R2

5'- GTCAGACAAACTGCTTGGAACCAGC-3'

SEQ ID NO: 6 Primers used for PCR cloning of Human G2019 LRRK2 plasmids preparation: LRRK2 wt-F3

5'-CTGGTTCCAAGCAGTTTGTCTGACCACAGGCCTGTGATAG-3'

SEQ ID NO: 7 Primers used for PCR cloning of Human G2019 LRRK2 plasmids preparation: pHTBV- R

5'- GTTCTAGCCAAGCTTGGTACCCTATTACTCAACAGATGTTCGTCTC -3'

SEQ ID NO: 8 G2019 full length Flag-LRRK2 coding sequence

atggattacaaggatgacgacgataagATGGCTAGTGGCAGCTGTCAGGGGTGCGAA GAGGACGAGGAAAC TCTGAAGAAGTTGATAGTCAGGCTGAACAATGTCCAGGAAGGAAAACAGATAGAAACGCT GGTC CAAATCCTGGAGGATCTGCTGGTGTTCACGTACTCCGAGCACGCCTCCAAGTTATTTCAA GGCAA AAATATCCATGTGCCTCTGTTGATCGTCTTGGACTCCTATATGAGAGTCGCGAGTGTGCA GCAGG TGGGTTGGTCACTTCTGTGCAAATTAATAGAAGTCTGTCCAGGTACAATGCAAAGCTTAA TGGGA CCCCAGGATGTTGGAAATGATTGGGAAGTCCTTGGTGTTCACCAATTGATTCTTAAAATG CTAAC AGTTCATAATGCCAGTGTAAACTTGTCAGTGATTGGACTGAAGACCTTAGATCTCCTCCT AACTTC AGGTAAAATCACCTTGCTGATACTGGATGAAGAAAGTGATATTTTCATGTTAATTTTTGA TGCCAT GCACTCATTTCCAGCCAATGATGAAGTCCAGAAACTTGGATGCAAAGCTTTACATGTGCT GTTTG AGAGAGTCTCAGAGGAGCAACTGACTGAATTTGTTGAGAACAAAGATTATATGATATTGT TAAGT GCGTTAACAAATTTTAAAGATGAAGAGGAAATTGTGCTTCATGTGCTGCATTGTTTACAT TCCCTA GCGATTCCTTGCAATAATGTGGAAGTCCTCATGAGTGGCAATGTCAGGTGTTATAATATT GTGGT GGAAGCTATGAAAGCATTCCCTATGAGTGAAAGAATTCAAGAAGTGAGTTGCTGTTTGCT CCATA GGCTTACATTAGGTAATTTTTTCAATATCCTGGTATTAAACGAAGTCCATGAGTTTGTGG TGAAAG CTGTGCAGCAGTACCCAGAGAATGCAGCATTGCAGATCTCAGCGCTCAGCTGTTTGGCCC TCCT CACTGAGACTATTTTCTTAAATCAAGATTTAGAGGAAAAGAATGAGAATCAAGAGAATGA TGATGA GGGGGAAGAAGATAAATTGTTTTGGCTGGAAGCCTGTTACAAAGCATTAACGTGGCATAG AAAGA ACAAGCACGTGCAGGAGGCCGCATGCTGGGCACTAAATAATCTCCTTATGTACCAAAACA GTTTA CATGAGAAGATTGGAGATGAAGATGGCCATTTCCCAGCTCATAGGGAAGTGATGCTCTCC ATGC TG ATG CATTCTTC ATCAAAG G AAGTTTTCCAG GCATCTG CG AATG CATTGTC AACTCTCTTAG AAC AAAATGTTAATTTCAGAAAAATACTGTTATCAAAAGGAATACACCTGAATGTTTTGGAGT TAATGCA GAAGCATATACATTCTCCTGAAGTGGCTGAAAGTGGCTGTAAAATGCTAAATCATCTTTT TGAAGG AAGCAACACTTCCCTGGATATAATGGCAGCAGTGGTCCCCAAAATACTAACAGTTATGAA ACGTC ATGAGACATCATTACCAGTGCAGCTGGAGGCGCTTCGAGCTATTTTACATTTTATAGTGC CTGGC ATGCCAGAAGAATCCAGGGAGGATACAGAATTTCATCATAAGCTAAATATGGTTAAAAAA CAGTG TTTCAAGAATGATATTCACAAACTGGTCCTAGCAGCTTTGAACAGGTTCATTGGAAATCC TGGGAT TCAGAAATGTGGATTAAAAGTAATTTCTTCTATTGTACATTTTCCTGATGCATTAGAGAT GTTATCC CTGGAAGGTGCTATGGATTCAGTGCTTCACACACTGCAGATGTATCCAGATGACCAAGAA ATTCA GTGTCTGGGTTTAAGTCTTATAGGATACTTGATTACAAAGAAGAATGTGTTCATAGGAAC TGGACA TCTGCTGGCAAAAATTCTGGTTTCCAGCTTATACCGATTTAAGGATGTTGCTGAAATACA GACTAA AGGATTTCAGACAATCTTAGCAATCCTCAAATTGTCAGCATCTTTTTCTAAGCTGCTGGT GCATCA TTCATTTGACTTAGTAATATTCCATCAAATGTCTTCCAATATCATGGAACAAAAGGATCA ACAGTTT CTAAACCTCTGTTGCAAGTGTTTTGCAAAAGTAGCTATGGATGATTACTTAAAAAATGTG ATGCTA GAGAGAGCGTGTGATCAGAATAACAGCATCATGGTTGAATGCTTGCTTCTATTGGGAGCA GATG CCAATCAAGCAAAGGAGGGATCTTCTTTAATTTGTCAGGTATGTGAGAAAGAGAGCAGTC CCAAA TTGGTGGAACTCTTACTGAATAGTGGATCTCGTGAACAAGATGTACGAAAAGCGTTGACG ATAAG CATTGGGAAAGGTGACAGCCAGATCATCAGCTTGCTCTTAAGGAGGCTGGCCCTGGATGT GGCC AACAATAGCATTTGCCTTGGAGGATTTTGTATAGGAAAAGTTGAACCTTCTTGGCTTGGT CCTTTA TTTCCAGATAAGACTTCTAATTTAAGGAAACAAACAAATATAGCATCTACACTAGCAAGA ATGGTG ATCAGATATCAGATGAAAAGTGCTGTGGAAGAAGGAACAGCCTCAGGCAGCGATGGAAAT TTTTC TGAAGATGTGCTGTCTAAATTTGATGAATGGACCTTTATTCCTGACTCTTCTATGGACAG TGTGTT TGCTCAAAGTGATGACCTGGATAGTGAAGGAAGTGAAGGCTCATTTCTTGTGAAAAAGAA ATCTA ATTCAATTAGTGTAGGAGAATTTTACCGAGATGCCGTATTACAGCGTTGCTCACCAAATT TGCAAA GACATTCCAATTCCTTGGGGCCCATTTTTGATCATGAAGATTTACTGAAGCGAAAAAGAA AAATAT TATCTTCAGATGATTCACTCAGGTCATCAAAACTTCAATCCCATATGAGGCATTCAGACA GCATTT CTTCTCTGGCTTCTGAGAGAGAATATATTACATCACTAGACCTTTCAGCAAATGAACTAA GAGATA TTGATGCCCTAAGCCAGAAATGCTGTATAAGTGTTCATTTGGAGCATCTTGAAAAGCTGG AGCTT CACCAGAATGCACTCACGAGCTTTCCACAACAGCTATGTGAAACTCTGAAGAGTTTGACA CATTT GGACTTGCACAGTAATAAATTTACATCATTTCCTTCTTATTTGTTGAAAATGAGTTGTAT TGCTAAT CTTGATGTCTCTCGAAATGACATTGGACCCTCAGTGGTTTTAGATCCTACAGTGAAATGT CCAACT CTGAAACAGTTTAACCTGTCATATAACCAGCTGTCTTTTGTACCTGAGAACCTCACTGAT GTGGTA GAGAAACTGGAGCAGCTCATTTTAGAAGGAAATAAAATATCAGGGATATGCTCCCCCTTG AGACT GAAGGAACTGAAGATTTTAAACCTTAGTAAGAACCACATTTCATCCCTATCAGAGAACTT TCTTGA GGCTTGTCCTAAAGTGGAGAGTTTCAGTGCCAGAATGAATTTTCTTGCTGCTATGCCTTT CTTGC CTCCTTCTATGACAATCCTAAAATTATCTCAGAACAAATTTTCCTGTATTCCAGAAGCAA TTTTAAA TCTTCCACACTTGCGGTCTTTAGATATGAGCAGCAATGATATTCAGTACCTACCAGGTCC CGCAC ACTGGAAATCTTTGAACTTAAGGGAACTCTTATTTAGCCATAATCAGATCAGCATCTTGG ACTTGA GTGAAAAAGCATATTTATGGTCTAGAGTAGAGAAACTGCATCTTTCTCACAATAAACTGA AAGAGA TTCCTCCTGAGATTGGCTGTCTTGAAAATCTGACATCTCTGGATGTCAGTTACAACTTGG AACTAA GATCCTTTCCCAATGAAATGGGGAAATTAAGCAAAATATGGGATCTTCCTTTGGATGAAC TGCAT CTTAACTTTGATTTTAAACATATAGGATGTAAAGCCAAAGACATCATAAGGTTTCTTCAA CAGCGA TTAAAAAAGGCTGTGCCTTATAACCGAATGAAACTTATGATTGTGGGAAATACTGGGAGT GGTAA AACCACCTTATTGCAGCAATTAATGAAAACCAAGAAATCAGATCTTGGAATGCAAAGTGC CACAG TTGGCATAGATGTGAAAGACTGGCCTATCCAAATAAGAGACAAAAGAAAGAGAGATCTCG TCCTA AATGTGTGGGATTTTGCAGGTCGTGAGGAATTCTATAGTACTCATCCCCATTTTATGACG CAGCG AGCATTGTACCTTGCTGTCTATGACCTCAGCAAGGGACAGGCTGAAGTTGATGCCATGAA GCCTT GGCTCTTCAATATAAAGGCTCGCGCTTCTTCTTCCCCTGTGATTCTCGTTGGCACACATT TGGAT GTTTCTG ATG AG AAG CAACG CAAAG CCTG CATG AGTAAAATCACC AAG G AACTCCTG AATAAGCG AGGGTTCCCTGCCATACGAGATTACCACTTTGTGAATGCCACCGAGGAATCTGATGCTTT GGCAA AACTTCGGAAAACCATCATAAACGAGAGCCTTAATTTCAAGATCCGAGATCAGCTTGTTG TTGGA CAGCTGATTCCAGACTGCTATGTAGAACTTGAAAAAATCATTTTATCGGAGCGTAAAAAT GTGCCA ATTGAATTTCCCGTAATTGACCGGAAACGATTATTACAACTAGTGAGAGAAAATCAGCTG CAGTTA GATGAAAATGAGCTTCCTCACGCAGTTCACTTTCTAAATGAATCAGGAGTCCTTCTTCAT TTTCAA GACCCAGCACTGCAGTTAAGTGACTTGTACTTTGTGGAACCCAAGTGGCTTTGTAAAATC ATGGC ACAGATTTTGACAGTGAAAGTGGAAGGTTGTCCAAAACACCCTAAGGGAATTATTTCGCG TAGAG ATGTGGAAAAATTTCTTTCAAAGAAAAGGAAATTTCCAAAGAACTACATGTCACAGTATT TTAAGC TCCTAGAAAAATTCCAGATTGCTTTGCCAATAGGAGAAGAATATTTGCTGGTTCCAAGCA GTTTGT CTGACCACAGGCCTGTGATAGAGCTTCCCCATTGTGAGAACTCTGAAATTATCATCCGAC TATAT GAAATGCCTTATTTTCCAATGGGATTTTGGTCAAGATTAATCAATCGATTACTTGAGATT TCACCTT ACATGCTTTCAGGGAGAGAACGAGCACTTCGCCCAAACAGAATGTATTGGCGACAAGGCA TTTA CTTAAATTGGTCTCCTGAAGCTTATTGTCTGGTAGGATCTGAAGTCTTAGACAATCATCC AGAGA GTTTCTTAAAAATTACAGTTCCTTCTTGTAGAAAAGGCTGTATTCTTTTGGGCCAAGTTG TGGACC ACATTGATTCTCTCATGGAAGAATGGTTTCCTGGGTTGCTGGAGATTGATATTTGTGGTG AAGGA GAAACTCTGTTGAAGAAATGGGCATTATATAGTTTTAATGATGGTGAAGAACATCAAAAA ATCTTA CTTGATGACTTGATGAAGAAAGCAGAGGAAGGAGATCTCTTAGTAAATCCAGATCAACCA AGGCT CACCATTCCAATATCTCAGATTGCCCCTGACTTGATTTTGGCTGACCTGCCTAGAAATAT TATGTT GAATAATGATGAGTTGGAATTTGAACAAGCTCCAGAGTTTCTCCTAGGTGATGGCAGTTT TGGAT CAGTTTACCGAGCAGCCTATGAAGGAGAAGAAGTGGCTGTGAAGATTTTTAATAAACATA CATCA CTCAGGCTGTTAAGACAAGAGCTTGTGGTGCTTTGCCACCTCCACCACCCCAGTTTGATA TCTTT GCTGGCAGCTGGGATTCGTCCCCGGATGTTGGTGATGGAGTTAGCCTCCAAGGGTTCCTT GGAT CGCCTGCTTCAGCAGGACAAAGCCAGCCTCACTAGAACCCTACAGCACAGGATTGCACTC CACG TAGCTGATGGTTTGAGATACCTCCACTCAGCCATGATTATATACCGAGACCTGAAACCCC ACAAT GTGCTGCTTTTCACACTGTATCCCAATGCTGCCATCATTGCAAAGATTGCTGACTACGGC ATTGC TCAGTACTGCTGTAGAATGGGGATAAAAACATCAGAGGGCACACCAGGGTTTCGTGCACC TGAA GTTGCCAGAGGAAATGTCATTTATAACCAACAGGCTGATGTTTATTCATTTGGTTTACTA CTCTAT GACATTTTGACAACTGGAGGTAGAATAGTAGAGGGTTTGAAGTTTCCAAATGAGTTTGAT GAATTA GAAATACAAGGAAAATTACCTGATCCAGTTAAAGAATATGGTTGTGCCCCATGGCCTATG GTTGA GAAATTAATTAAACAGTGTTTGAAAGAAAATCCTCAAGAAAGGCCTACTTCTGCCCAGGT CTTTGA CATTTTGAATTCAGCTGAATTAGTCTGTCTGACGAGACGCATTTTATTACCTAAAAACGT AATTGTT GAATGCATGGTTGCTACACATCACAACAGCAGGAATGCAAGCATTTGGCTGGGCTGTGGG CACA CCGACAGAGGACAGCTCTCATTTCTTGACTTAAATACTGAAGGATACACTTCTGAGGAAG TTGCT GATAGTAGAATATTGTGCTTAGCCTTGGTGCATCTTCCTGTTGAAAAGGAAAGCTGGATT GTGTC TGGGACACAGTCTGGTACTCTCCTGGTCATCAATACCGAAGATGGGAAAAAGAGACATAC CCTA GAAAAGATGACTGATTCTGTCACTTGTTTGTATTGCAATTCCTTTTCCAAGCAAAGCAAA CAAAAA AATTTTCTTTTG GTTG G AACCGCTG ATGG CAAGTTAG CAATTTTTG AAG ATAAG ACTGTTAAG CTT AAAGGAGCTGCTCCTTTGAAGATACTAAATATAGGAAATGTCAGTACTCCATTGATGTGT TTGAGT GAATCCACAAATTCAACGGAAAGAAATGTAATGTGGGGAGGATGTGGCACAAAGATTTTC TCCTT TTCTAATGATTTCACCATTCAGAAACTCATTGAGACAAGAACAAGCCAACTGTTTTCTTA TGCAGC TTTCAGTGATTCCAACATCATAACAGTGGTGGTAGACACTGCTCTCTATATTGCTAAGCA AAATAG CCCTGTTGTGGAAGTGTGGGATAAGAAAACTGAAAAACTCTGTGGACTAATAGACTGCGT GCACT TTTTAAGGGAGGTAATGGTAAAAGAAAACAAGGAATCAAAACACAAAATGTCTTATTCTG GGAGA GTG AAAACCCTCTGCCTTC AG AAG AAC ACTGCTCTTTG GAT AG G AACTG GAG G AGG CCATATTTT ACTCCTGGATCTTTCAACTCGTCGACTTATACGTGTAATTTACAACTTTTGTAATTCGGT CAGAGT CATG ATG ACAG CACAG CTAG G AAGCCTTAAAAATGTCATG CTG GTATTG GGCTACAACCGG AAAA ATACTGAAGGTACACAAAAGCAGAAAGAGATACAATCTTGCTTGACCGTTTGGGACATCA ATCTT CCACATGAAGTGCAAAATTTAGAAAAACACATTGAAGTGAGAAAAGAATTAGCTGAAAAA ATGAG ACGAACATCTGTTGAGTAA

SEQ ID NO: 9 Translated protein sequence for human G2019 full length LRRK2 flag tagged protein

MDYKDDDDKMASGSCQGCEEDEETLKKLIVRLNNVQEGKQIETLVQILEDLLVFTYS EHASKLFQGKN

IHVPLLIVLDSYMRVASVQQVGWSLLCKLIEVCPGTMQSLMGPQDVGNDWEVLGVHQ LILKMLTVHN ASVNLSVIGLKTLDLLLTSGKITLLILDEESDIFMLIFDAMHSFPANDEVQKLGCKALHV LFERVSEEQLT EFVENKDYMILLSALTNFKDEEEIVLHVLHCLHSLAIPCNNVEVLMSGNVRCYNIWEAMK AFPMSERI QEVSCCLLHRLTLGNFFNILVLNEVHEFVVKAVQQYPENAALQISALSCLALLTETIFLN QDLEEKNEN QENDDEGEEDKLFWLEACYKALTWHRKNKHVQEAACWALNNLLMYQNSLHEKIGDEDGHF PAHRE VMLSMLMHSSSKEVFQASANALSTLLEQNVNFRKILLSKGIHLNVLELMQKHIHSPEVAE SGCKMLNH LFEGSNTSLDIMAAVVPKILTVMKRHETSLPVQLEALRAILHFIVPGMPEESREDTEFHH KLNMVKKQC FKNDIHKLVLAALNRFIGNPGIQKCGLKVISSIVHFPDALEMLSLEGAMDSVLHTLQMYP DDQEIQCLG LSLIGYLITKKNVFIGTGHLLAKILVSSLYRFKDVAEIQTKGFQTILAILKLSASFSKLL VHHSFDLVIFHQM SSNIMEQKDQQFLNLCCKCFAKVAMDDYLKNVMLERACDQNNSIMVECLLLLGADANQAK EGSSLIC QVCEKESSPKLVELLLNSGSREQDVRKALTISIGKGDSQIISLLLRRLALDVANNSICLG GFCIGKVEPS WLGPLFPDKTSNLRKQTNIASTLARMVIRYQMKSAVEEGTASGSDGNFSEDVLSKFDEWT FIPDSSM DSVFAQSDDLDSEGSEGSFLVKKKSNSISVGEFYRDAVLQRCSPNLQRHSNSLGPIFDHE DLLKRKR KILSSDDSLRSSKLQSHMRHSDSISSLASEREYITSLDLSANELRDIDALSQKCCISVHL EHLEKLELHQ NALTSFPQQLCETLKSLTHLDLHSNKFTSFPSYLLKMSCIANLDVSRNDIGPSVVLDPTV KCPTLKQFN LSYNQLSFVPENLTDVVEKLEQLILEGNKISGICSPLRLKELKILNLSKNHISSLSENFL EACPKVESFSA RMNFLAAMPFLPPSMTILKLSQNKFSCIPEAILNLPHLRSLDMSSNDIQYLPGPAHWKSL NLRELLFSH NQISILDLSEKAYLWSRVEKLHLSHNKLKEIPPEIGCLENLTSLDVSYNLELRSFPNEMG KLSKIWDLPL DELHLNFDFKHIGCKAKDIIRFLQQRLKKAVPYNRMKLMIVGNTGSGKTTLLQQLMKTKK SDLGMQSA TVGIDVKDWPIQIRDKRKRDLVLNVWDFAGREEFYSTHPHFMTQRALYLAVYDLSKGQAE VDAMKP WLFNIKARASSSPVILVGTHLDVSDEKQRKACMSKITKELLNKRGFPAIRDYHFVNATEE SDALAKLRK TIINESLNFKIRDQLVVGQLIPDCYVELEKIILSERKNVPIEFPVIDRKRLLQLVRENQL QLDENELPHAVH FLNESGVLLHFQDPALQLSDLYFVEPKWLCKIMAQILTVKVEGCPKHPKGIISRRDVEKF LSKKRKFPK NYMSQYFKLLEKFQIALPIGEEYLLVPSSLSDHRPVIELPHCENSEIIIRLYEMPYFPMG FWSRLINRLLE ISPYMLSGRERALRPNRMYWRQGIYLNWSPEAYCLVGSEVLDNHPESFLKITVPSCRKGC ILLGQVV DHIDSLMEEWFPGLLEIDICGEGETLLKKWALYSFNDGEEHQKILLDDLMKKAEEGDLLV NPDQPRLTI PISQIAPDLILADLPRNIMLNNDELEFEQAPEFLLGDGSFGSVYRAAYEGEEVAVKIFNK HTSLRLLRQE LVVLCHLHHPSLISLLAAGIRPRMLVMELASKGSLDRLLQQDKASLTRTLQHRIALHVAD GLRYLHSAM IIYRDLKPHNVLLFTLYPNAAIIAKIADYGIAQYCCRMGIKTSEGTPGFRAPEVARGNVI YNQQADVYSF GLLLYDILTTGGRIVEGLKFPNEFDELEIQGKLPDPVKEYGCAPWPMVEKLIKQCLKENP QERPTSAQ VFDILNSAELVCLTRRILLPKNVIVECMVATHHNSRNASIWLGCGHTDRGQLSFLDLNTE GYTSEEVAD SRILCLALVHLPVEKESWIVSGTQSGTLLVINTEDGKKRHTLEKMTDSVTCLYCNSFSKQ SKQKNFLLV GTADGKLAIFEDKTVKLKGAAPLKILNIGNVSTPLMCLSESTNSTERNVMWGGCGTKIFS FSNDFTIQK LIETRTSQLFSYAAFSDSNIITVVVDTALYIAKQNSPWEVWDKKTEKLCGLIDCVHFLRE VMVKENKES KHKMSYSGRVKTLCLQKNTALWIGTGGGHILLLDLSTRRLIRVIYNFCNSVRVMMTAQLG SLKNVMLV LGYNRKNTEGTQKQKEIQSCLTVWDINLPHEVQNLEKHIEVRKELAEKMRRTSVE

SEQ ID NO: 10: 'LRRKtide' peptide

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