MUSCALU VASILE (RO)
| WO2008013843A2 | 2008-01-31 |
| US20060201157A1 | 2006-09-14 |
| Claims 1. Installation to obtain heat and electricity, which includes a tank for storing water, some reactors provided with some chambers in which there are placed electrodes enacted by some electric motors; level, temperature and pressure sensors are mounted in connection to reactors, as well as some wet gas gathering pipelines, which is separated in some filters, from which it is sucked through some pipes by some compressors which push it into some reservoirs connected by some pipes with some power generators for use in the installation and a collector connected to a steam boiler provided with a chimney within which savers are mounted, the reactor is provided with a pipe for supplying channel water simultaneously to reactors' chambers and some pipes through which water is periodically discharged from the chamber, is passed through some carbon retaining filters aspired by a pump and pushed into a basin; the command of electrical engines for electrodes operation is given from a secondary command panel and all electric valves, sensors, operation of power generators, compressors, pumps and other parts of the installation are enacted and supervised from a general command panel; the steam from the (a) chambers of reactors (A) is discharged through some pipes ( 62), having mounted inside some electric valves (63) connected to a short collector (64), in connection with a turbine (65) which drives a" power generator (66), to the turbine (65) there is connected a pipe ( 67) held in connection with a heat exchanger (68) to which pipe (71) is connected, through which the recirculation water from the chamber (a) of the first reactor (A) is inserted into a pipe (69) connected to the first reactor ( A) and passed through a cooler (72) from which it is sucked by a pump (74)and pushed through a pipeline (75) into the pipeline (17) for the supply of the mentioned sewerage water, to the last reactor (A) there is connected another pipe (69) for circulating water through another cooler (72) from which the water is pushed by another pump (74) through another pipe (75) in the pipeline (17) for the supply of chamber (a) of this reactor (A) with sewerage water, the boiler (49) is connected by a pipe (53) with a turbine (54) which drives a power generator (55), the turbine (54) is connected to a pipeline (57) which connects with a heat exchanger (58) to which a pipe (59) is mounted in communication with the boiler (49). 2. Procedure for obtaining heat and electricity applied to the installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the steam at a temperature of 200 ... 300 ° C in chambers (a) of reactors (A) is discharged from them and then passed through some pipes ( 62), with some electrical valves mounted inside (63) to a collector (64) which feeds a turbine (65) in which thermal energy is transformed into mechanical energy which in turn is transformed into electricity in a generator ( 66) and provided to consumers and then a part of the thermal heat from the steam from the turbine (65) is yielded to domestic water that is heated to a temperature of 80 ... 90 ° C and then water from the heat exchanger (68) is cooled to a temperature of 50...60° and reintroduced into the chamber (a) of the first reactor (A) together with the water recirculated from it, the steam at a temperature of 300 ... 400 ° C provided by the boiler (49) is passed through another turbine (54) in which thermal energy is converted into mechanical energy which in turn is transformed into electricity in another generator (55) and provided to consumers, then a part of the thermal heat from the steam coming from the turbine (54) is yielded to wastewater which is heated to a temperature of 100 ... 120 ° C and then water is returned to the boiler (49). |
The invention refers to an installation and a procedure for the production of heat and electricity by using energy contained in sewage water, especially in that proceeding from industrial activities or waste.
It is currently known that electricity is obtained by converting hydraulic, wind or heat energy into electricity, which entails the construction of amenities on relatively large areas for water catchment or high vertical constructions to capture wind power or construction of batteries of boilers in which solid fuel or mixtures of solid or liquid or gaseous fuels are generally burned, leading to large accumulations of sterile while large amounts of noxes are released into the atmosphere.
This problem is solved by the inventions in the group of inventions which consists in ensuring wastewater treatment as well as obtaining heat and power.
According to_the invention, the installation removes, the disadvantages said before, as the steam from some chambers of reactors is discharged by some pipes with electric valve mounted inside, connected to a short collector connected with a turbine which drives a power generator, the turbine connected to a pipeline in connection with a heat exchanger to which a pipe is connected, through which the recirculation water in the chamber of the first reactor is introduced into a pipe connected to the first reactor and passed through a cooler from which it is withdrawn by a pump and pushed through a pipe into the sewerage water supply pipe; another water recirculation pipe is connected to the last reactor, through another cooler from which water is pushed by another pump through another pipeline to sewerage water supply pipe from the reactor chamber, the boiler being connected by a pipe with a turbine which drives a power generator, the turbine is connected to a pipe which connects a heat exchanger, to which a pipeline in communication with the boiler is mounted.
According to the invention, the procedures removes the disadvantages said before, as the steam at a temperature of 200 ... 300 ° C from reactor chambers is removed from these and circulated by some pipes with electric valves mounted, up into a collector that feeds a turbine where thermal energy is transformed into mechanical energy which in turn is transformed into electricity in a generator and provided to consumers, after which a part of heat from the steam from the turbine is ceded to wastewater which is heated to a temperature of 80 ... 90 ° C and then the water from the heat exchanger is cooled to a temperature of 50...60° C and reintroduced into the first reactor chamber with the water recycled from it, the steam at a temperature of 300 ... 400 ° C provided by the boiler is passed through another turbine in which heat is converted into mechanical energy which in turn is transformed into electricity in a generator and supplied to other consumers, then a part of the heat from the steam from the turbine is ceded to wastewater which is heated to a temperature of 100 ... 120 ° C and then the water is returned to the boiler.
According to the invention, the installation and procedure have the following advantages;
- ensure the generation of heat and power with minimum consumption of electricity;
- do not produce noxes that pollute the environment;
- raw materials subject to electricity treatment become non-pollutant in the end;
- do not require storage spaces for the storage of the treated raw materials;
- easy to apply in any area;
- operate continuously and do not require a relatively large number of human operators, control is automatic. _
We present below one example of achievement of the installation and procedure, according to the inventions in the group of inventions in connection with Fig. 1 ... which represents;
-Fig. 1. block diagram of an installation according to the invention; -Fig. 2. side view of the saver
- Fig 3. side view of a reactor
According to the invention, the installation includes some reactors A arranged vertically, each provided with a casing 1, which separates a chamber a in which some electrodes 2, 3 and 4 are placed in central and front and back side position, supplied with electricity and moved by means of electric motors 5, 6 and 7, according to a computer programme installed in a secondary control panel 8.
In connection with the casing 1, there are mounted some level, temperature and respectively pressure sensors 9, 10 and 11, the casing 1 has some connections 12,13,14,15 and 16 for water supply, gas exhaust, water recirculation and water exhaust. Connection 12 is provided with a sewerage water supply pipe 17 for chambers a, having some electric valves 18 and 19 mounted, to which a pipe 20 is connected, having mounted inside an electric valve 21 for pushing with a pump 22 the water sucked from a closed tank 24 in which, by a pipe 25 having an electric valve 26 mounted, pump 27 pushes the sewerage water suctioned through a pipe 28, having included an electric valve 29.
Connection 13 is provided with a pipe 30, which connects with a gas steam separator filter 31 from which through a pipeline 32 having mounted inside an electric valve 33, the gas is sucked by a compressor 34 and pushed through a pipeline 35 having mounted inside an electric valve 36, in a reservoir 37 connected by a pipe 38, having mounted inside an electric valve 39 with a collector 40, with some electric valves mounted inside 41 and 42.
The tank 37 is also connected by a pipe 43, having mounted inside an electric valve 44, with an electrical current generator 45 from which through an electric circuit 46, panel 8 is supplied, as well as a general command and automatic supervision panel 47 for the entire operation of the installation, which is not represented in the figures, as well as an accumulator battery 48. The gas from the collector 42 is led into a furnace of a boiler 49, which produces steam at a temperature of 300 ... 400 ° C.
E cohhection with a smoke stack 50 ~ δf the boiler 49,l3ome savers B ' afe mounted, supplied with steam through a pipe 51, having mounted inside an electric valve 52, connected to a main steam supply pipe 53 directly from the boiler 49 of a turbine 54 which drives an electricity generator 55, pipe 53 is provided with na electric valve 56.
Steam from turbine 54 is led through a pipe 57 into a heat exchanger 58 from which domestic hot water is obtained at a temperature of 100 ... 120 ° C. Hot water resulting from exchanger 58, is returned through a pipe 59 to boiler 49.
Savers B yield gas which through a pipeline 60 having mounted inside an electric valve 61 is introduced into the boiler furnace 49.
Connection 14 is provided with a pipe 62, having mounted inside an electric valve 63, whereby the steam from a chamber at a temperature of 200 ... 300 ° C is placed in a short collector 64, to which the other pipe 62 is also connected, through which steam is discharged from the chamber a, of the other reactor A, collector 64 is connected to a blade turbine 65 which drives an electricity generator 66 which is supplied to the consumer through a pipe 67, steam is circulated from the turbines 65 into a heat exchanger 68, which shows the domestic water at a temperature of 80 ... 90 ° C.
Connection 15 is provided with a pipe 69, having mounted inside an electric valve 70, which is connected to a pipe 71, through which recirculation water from chambers a is passed through a cooler 72, from which, through a pipe 73 it is aspired by a pump 74 and pushed through a pipe 75, having mounted inside an electric valve 76, in pipeline 17 at the downstream of electric valves 18 and 19. Water from heat exchanger 68 is circulated through the pipe 71, through cooler 72 together with the circulation water circulated through the pipe 69 from the chamber a of the first reactor A.
Connection 16 is provided with a pipe 77, in connection with a filter 78 for the retention of the carbon, from which the water is sucked through a pipe 79, having mounted inside an electric valve 80 by a pump 81, which pushes it through a pipe 82, having mounted inside the electric valve 83 in basin 24.
Draining water from the a chamber, of the other reactor is discharged through the pipe 79 to a collection pipe 84 connected to pipe 79, through which the water from the a chamber of the first reactor is emptied, to the downstream of pump 81 and upstream of the electric valve 80 .
The electrode 2 is fixed to a shaft 85 preferably made of stainless steel, supplied with electricity through 86 brushes. The shaft 85 passes through casing 1 by means of a tightening gland 87 and outside casing 1 a spiral wheel 88 is fixed on the shaft 85, which engages with a worm 89 rotated by an electric motor 90 fixed by means of screws 91 on a 92 mobile plate.
A vertical plate 93 is fixed on casing 1, on which two guidances 94 and 95 are attached, along which plate 92 may be moved by means of guidance ball joints 96.
Nut 97 is attached to shaft 85, which in turn engages with a coarse thread screw 98 involved in rotational motion by an electric motor 5, supported by a horizontal plate 99 fixed to plate 93.
The nut 97 is guided at the bottom by a ball coupling 100 mounted on two bars 101 attached at the ends to plate 99. Electrodes 3 and 4, are mounted .on each one of 102 and 103 axes, which are connected to a source of electricity and which cross the casing 1 by means of glands 104 and 105 and which can be moved horizontally by means of one of the nuts 106 and 107, which engages with one of the few coarse thread screws 108 and 109, in turn involved in rotational motion by one of the few electric motors 6 and 7.
The latter are supported by one of some 110 and 111 vertical plates fixed to the casing 1. The boards 110 and 111 are attached to ends by some horizontal pairs of bars 112 and 113 that are in lower contact with nuts 106 and 107.
According to the invention, the procedure applied in the installation includes the simultaneous introduction of domestic water into the a chambers, of reactors A, until reaching the prescribed level whose value is given by the sensor 9 and maintaining that level permanently, after which the electrodes 2,3 and 4 are supplied with electricity by the general control panel 47, and engines 5, 6 and 7 are supplied with electricity by panel 8.
Thus in a chambers, between electrodes 2,3 and 4, electrical discharges occur due to their power supply with a voltage of 50...200 V and an intensity of 200 ... 1500A, which generates a gas, which has the following composition: H2, C02, N2, H 2 O. In this regard, in an analysis report with number 104 04.07.2008 conducted by National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies ICSI Ramnicu-Valcea, the following composition was determined: 50.13% vol.H; 7.9% vol.CO 2 ; 37.7 % vol.O 2 ; 7.3% vol.N 2 , and a dew point value of-15oC.
Gas is collected from a chambers, together with steam and separated from it in the filters 31 for gas separation from steam, the resulting steam being reintroduced into a chambers and the gas is compressed by the compressors 34 to a pressure of 100. .. 250 bar and stored in order to supply electricity generators 45 for consumption within the installation and respectively for a furnace of the boiler 49 to produce steam at a temperature of 300...400 0 C . This steam is passed through a turbine 54 with pallets which involves an electricity generator 55 for external customers.
A part of the steam at a temperature of 300 ... 400 ° C is circulated through savers B for getting gas containing only hydrogen and oxygen and which is injected into the boiler furnace 49. The water in a chambers can be discharged through pipes 77 passed through filters 78 for retaining carbon and circulated through pipes 79 and the collector pipe 84, being suctioned by the pump 81 and pushed through the pipe 82, with electric valve 83 open, into basin 24.
The water in a chamber is continuously moved through ducts 69 with open electric valves 70, by coolers 72 and sucked through pipes 73 to pumps 74 that push through pipe 75 and pipe 17, with electric valves 18 and 19 closed and electrical valves 76 opened in a chambers.
Steam at a temperature of 200 ... 300 ° C in a chambers is evacuated by pipes 62 with electric valves 63 opened in collector 64, through which a blade turbine 65 is supplied, which drives a power generator 66 for external customers, and steam leaving the turbine 65 transfers the heat to a domestic water heat exchanger 68 which has a temperature of 80 ... 90 ° C, then is passed through pipe 71 and through a cooler 72 with circulating water spread through the pipe 69 from a chamber of the first reactor A.
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