Title:
METHOD OF DETERMINING SURFACE TENSION IN A LIQUID METHOD OF DETERMINING SURFACE TENSION IN A LIQUID
Document Type and Number:
WIPO Patent Application WO1996018877
Kind Code:
A3
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process of determining the surface tension in a liquid by generating gas bubbles in the liquid. The gas bubbles are preferably formed from gas that is in-situ generated and the gas bubbles are preferably in-situ monitored, e.g. by way of an electrode. The surface tension may be measured during a washing process. Preferred electrodes that may be used in the process are electrodes that contain only one nucleation site. The process is preferably performed using an apparatus comprising a gas bubble generation unit and a detection unit to monitor gas bubbles, wherein the detection unit preferably generates a signal that is used for feedback control of the gas bubble generation unit.
Inventors:
VOLANSCHI ALEXANDRU
BERGVELD PIET
OLTHUIS WOUTER
VAN DE HEIJDEN RENE J T M
BERGVELD PIET
OLTHUIS WOUTER
VAN DE HEIJDEN RENE J T M
Application Number:
PCT/EP1995/004512
Publication Date:
August 15, 1996
Filing Date:
November 15, 1995
Export Citation:
Assignee:
UNILEVER NV (NL)
UNILEVER PLC (NL)
UNILEVER PLC (NL)
International Classes:
D06F39/00; G01N3/02; G01N13/02; G01N27/30; G01N27/42; (IPC1-7): G01N3/02; G01N27/30; G01N27/42
Domestic Patent References:
| WO1992018680A1 | 1992-10-29 |
Foreign References:
| CA1312219A | ||||
| DE2915956A1 | 1980-11-06 | |||
| US4569226A | 1986-02-11 |
Other References:
GABRIELLI C ET AL: "INVESTIGATION OF WATER ELECTROLYSIS BY SPECTRAL ANALYSIS I. INFLUENCE OF THE CURRENT DENSITY", JOURNAL OF APPLIED ELECTROCHEMISTRY, vol. 19, no. 5, 1 September 1989 (1989-09-01), pages 683 - 696, XP000560345
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