The invention relates to the power plant industry and can be used in conversion of moving surrounding continuum flow into rotary movement and vice versa in such industries as wind power engineering, production of fans, hydraulic turbines, ship propellers, medium mixing and transport unit.

There are known methods on which operation of wind engines is based: method of power takeoff from moving air flow with the use of the bearing strength of the wing that has an appropriate aerodynamic profile in its section and that is located in the moving air flow, as well as method based on differential head drag of a solid body of asymmetric shape with its different orientation in relation to the directed air flow [Fundamentals of Wind Power Engineering: Textbook / H.Pivniak, F.Shkrobets, N.Neuberger, D.Tsyplenkov // Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine. National Mining University: D.: NMU. 2015. 335 p.].

Both methods are implemented in the designs of modern wind turbines, which, while having a high degree of energy conversion, do not ensure operation without noise and vibration.

In vertical wind turbine, Darrieus model [Colossal Wind Energy, like Wild Outlaw Mustang, are Uncontrolled - [Electronic source] // Available at: http://stop.kiev.ua/5544e4b4e], apart from pressure differential at the blade, wing lift is used to increase its efficiency. Energy conversion factor of 0.72 is achieved in the perfect design of the Darrieus model, however, considerable noise and vibration are present.

There is also known Onipko rotor for conversion of energy flow movement into rotary movement and vice versa, method of operation of which lies in the fact that the wind flow, via pressure on vane, directs the top of the conical body with central rotation axis against own movement direction, which is split by the surface of the conical body and meets the first side surface of the helical blade, generating a torque that causes rotor spinning. One part of the wind flow is deflected under an angle from the first side surface, and its other part passes over the top and gradually flows around the second side surface before meeting the open surface of the conical body, with the first side surface, or passes the base line of the conical body [Patent of Ukraine for Invention No. 102689, 12.03.2013],

The device is characterized by considerable efficiency factor, decrease of intensity of turbulent flows, however, the rotor has a disadvantage: high level of noise and vibration due to air agitation by large rotation surfaces.

There is a known method of operation of propellers when a rare medium generated on the domed surface of the blade makes water move towards the propeller, and the pressure on the flat surface throws water beyond the aft, which is used in the driven device, where the blades have convex-concave sections, functional surfaces are made in the form of helical sections, the propeller surface has a cavernous sliced cone with blades that are turned to 180° [Patent of Russian Federation for invention No. 2452653, 10.06.2012]. The device ensures high flow capacity, however, the occurring turbulence, presence of noise effects and vibration constitute a disadvantage in operation.

There is also a known mode of operation of fans where the device increases the specific energy of air or gases and causes their continuous flow resulting from formation of overpressure or rarefaction. This method is used in the known axial-flow fan, which has longitudinal grooves along the blades [Patent of Ukraine for utility model No. 100287, 27.05.2015]. Implementation of longitudinal groove on the blades of the axial- flow fan allows shifting the breakaway point of the perturbed layer of air along the air flow under the effect of pressure differential on the lower and higher surface of the blade. This increases the blade lift coefficient, decreases the blade friction force with air, which, in general, increases the performance of the axial-flow fan. Presence of noise and vibration is the disadvantage of the operation of such fan produced using this method.

Thus, presence of noise and vibration in device operation are considerable disadvantages of all known methods of energy conversion in the state of art. The task to create a technology that ensures noise-free energy conversion by implementation of new design solutions on moving elements of the rotor lies in the basis of the invention.

The objective in question shall be solved the following way.

In the suggested method of noise-free conversion of energy flow movement into mechanical energy, which is done by placing the rotor in the power flow and conversion of mechanical energy into energy flow movement at reverse rotation of the rotor, according to the invention, noise-free conversion shall be done by rotating the cavernous rotor base or its parts and blade plates made of profiled ring-shaped rotation surfaces all trajectories of surface points of which reproduce the conventional ring surfaces when rotating around the rotor axis, and efficient energy conversion shall be ensured due to the presence of a closed space, which is formed by connection of the end sections of blade plates along the profiled line to the rotor base or its parts.

According to the invention, the blade plates shall be connected to the base or placed at a minimum distance from it, and installed on the circular rim installed with rotation ability, the line of connection of blades to the base or its parts can be equal or less than the size of the end sections of the blades.

In the suggested method, according to the invention, the base or its parts and the blade plates shall be made of profiled ring-shaped, as well as profiled wave- shaped rotation surfaces.

According to the invention, noise-free energy conversion shall be done by horizontal, vertical placement of the rotor rotation axis, as well as position different from horizontal or vertical.

In the suggested method, according to the invention, the number of blades can increase, and they shall be placed in tiers or in the plane transversal to the rotation axis.

Noise-free conversion of energy flow movement into mechanical energy in the suggested method shall be done via the effect of the forces of energy flow pressure on the surfaces of the blade plates, base or its parts along the connection line, forces of pressure create the torque and cause rotation of the rotor, and due to the fact that every point of the blade plates and the surface or its parts rotate in circle, the rotation surfaces penetrate the atmosphere volume, do not agitate it, and thus do not cause noise and vibrations.

Noise-free conversion of mechanical energy into the energy flow movement, at forced rotor rotation in the suggested method, shall be done by displacement of the atmosphere volume from the space between the blade surfaces and the base or its parts with new incoming portions of the atmosphere. All points of the surfaces of blades and base and its parts outline circular rotation surfaces against the rotor axis, due to which the blades and base parts penetrate the environment, do not agitate it, do not cause turbulence and cavitation, ensure rotor operation without noise and vibrations.

In the rotor, the line of connection of blades to the base is smaller than the ends of blade sides, which allows increasing the area of blade, and thus intensifying energy conversion efficiency.

The rotor is equipped with detachable accessories to ensure installation of the rotor base into non-horizontal or non-vertical position. In case of increase of the number of blades in the rotor, they shall be placed in tiers, which allows expanding possibilities of rotor use.

Thus, considerable decrease of noise and vibrations at device operation, increase of energy conversion efficiency, as well as expansion of rotor use possibilities is the technical result of the reported method.

Short description of figures.

Fig. 1 - design scheme of rotor formed with the base and blade plates, fig. 2 shows its plan view.

Fig. 2 - rotor plan view. Fig. 3 - design diagram of rotor formed with base parts and blade plates, fig. 4 shows its plan view.

Fig. 4 - rotor plan view.

Fig. 5 - convex-concave conical circular surface and its part 4 for rotor blade formation.

Fig. 6 convex circular surface and its part 3 for rotor blade formation, conditional connection diagram of part 4 from Fig. 5 to part 3.

Fig. 7 - circular conical convex-concave surface and its part 4 for rotor blade formation.

Fig. 8 - circular convex-concave wavelike surface and its part 3, as well as conditional connection of part 4 from Fig. 7 to plate 3.

Fig. 9 convex circular base and its part 3, as well as conditional connection of part 4 from Fig. 5.

Fig. 10 - plan view of rotor of four blades for the option where blade plate ends are bigger than their connection line.

The reported technical solution shall be implemented using the rotor design that contains a cavernous base, three arched blades located on the base surface, around its axis, where the base and blades are made of profiled circular rotation surfaces, all trajectories of surface points of which, when rotating around the rotor axis, reproduce the specific circular surfaces, where the blades connected with end sections of the surfaces to the base are either located at a minimum distance from it along the profiled lines with formation of space between the base surfaces and blade plates, and installed on the circular rim mounted with rotation ability.

In order to increase operational capability of the rotor, the design contains detachable accessories to ensure installation of the rotor base in non-vertical or non- horizontal position. In case of increase of the number of blades in the rotor, they shall be placed in tiers.

Fig. 1 shows the schematic front view of the design of the suggested rotor, Fig. 2 shows its plan view. The rotor contains rotation axis 1, as well as base formed by the circular rotation surfaces - convex 2 and cylindrical 3, ellipsoid 6 and plates of 4 blades attached along the profiled line 5, as well as fasteners for 7 blades.

In the rotor, the line of connection of blades to the base is smaller than the ends of blade sides, which allows increasing the area of blade, and thus intensifying energy conversion efficiency.

The suggested rotor operates the following way.

Within the wind turbine, it is placed horizontally towards the wind flow, which is split by the conical base surface, meets the side surface of the plates of 4 blades and, due to pressure forces on plates of blade 4, torque is generated, which causes rotor rotation. Due to the structural design of the blades and their placement, the rotor operates with high degree of energy conversion both in horizontal, and in vertical wind generators.

The suggested rotor as part of wind generator has noise-free operation due to the fact that the base and blade plates are made of profiled circular rotation surfaces, for example, convex, concave, cylindrical, conical, spherical, ellipsoid, hyperboloid, or their combination, and when rotating, the blades reproduce the conditional circular rotation surface, penetrate the environment (air, gas, liquid, or their mixture), do not agitate it, and do not cause noise and vibrations.

Rotor operation is possible with fixed base, where blade plates shall be located at a minimum distance from the base surface and placed on the circular rim and mounted with rotation ability. When using the rotor for noise-free conversion of mechanical energy into energy flow movement for rotor operation as a fan or ship or helicopter propeller, engine is connected to the base. The movement of energy flow during reverse rotor operation takes place due to displacement of the atmosphere from the space between the base surfaces and blade plates with new portions of the atmosphere coming to this space. The atmosphere is not agitated in the rotor rotation volume, which does not cause noise and vibrations.

The technical solution of the suggested method is achieved by using the rotor containing three arched blades that are formed by connecting the base parts and blade plates, placed around its rotation axis, where each of the arched blades is fixed with a fastener.

In case of increase of the number of blades, they are placed in tiers or in the plane transverse to the rotation axis.

Fig. 3 shows the schematic front projection of the design of the suggested rotor, Fig. 4 shows its plan view. The suggested rotor design (see Fig. 3, 4) contains a shaft 1, rotation axis of which overlaps the geometric axis of rotor rotation, blades 2 formed by convex plates 3 and convex-concave plates 4, connection line 5 formed by contact ends of surfaces connected along the line 5, fixtures 6, as well as plane guides 7. The connection line of blade plates equals to the sizes of the ends of plate sides.

The suggested rotor operates the following way: when using the rotor as part of wind turbine, it is placed horizontally towards the wind flow. Due to the effect of pressure forces on the surfaces of plates 3, 4 of blades 2 when moving along the profiled line 5 of blade plates connection, the wind flow generates a torque and rotates the blades 2 using fixtures 6 and shaft 1 against the rotor axis. As plates 3, 4 of blades 2 are made of circular rotation surfaces, for example, convex, concave, cylindrical, conical, spherical, ellipsoid, hyperboloid, or their combination, in case of their rotation against the rotor axis, each point of the surfaces of blade plates rotates in a circle, and the ends of plates 3, 4 of blades 2 penetrate the atmosphere volume (air, gas, liquid, or their mixture), where they rotate, do not agitate it, and thus do not generate turbulent flows, noise, and vibrations. In case of vertical placement of its rotation axis transverse to the energy flow movement, the suggested rotor operates efficiently due to the presence of plane guides 7 that direct a considerably larger volume of atmosphere flow to the space between plates 3, 4 of blades 2. The use of plane guides 7 also favors high and efficient energy conversion of flow movement in case of horizontal placement of rotor rotation axis and perpendicular direction of the energy flow movement to the rotor axis.

The use of the rotor in horizontally placed axes of wind generators allows producing power engines of wide capacity range. At the same time, their use does not disturb the environmental conditions. The design of the suggested rotor allows using it, for example, in hydraulic turbines of power plants, as well as in equipment for power production, using marine or oceanic tidal rises and falls.

Engine is connected to the shaft for reverse rotor operation when used as fan or ship or helicopter propeller node. Conversion of mechanical energy into energy flow movement is ensured by displacement of the volume of the atmosphere from the space between the blade plates with new incoming portions of the atmosphere. At the same time, all points of the surfaces of blade plates rotate in circle, penetrate the atmosphere, do not agitate it, do not cause turbulence and cavitation, ensure energy flow movement with a minimum level of noise and vibrations.

Fig. 5 shows the convex-concave circular conical surface with axis 1, which is conditionally reproduced when rotating against axis 1 part 4, the surface of which is convex-concave and helical. Fig. 6 shows the convex circular surface with rotation axis 1, which is conditionally reproduced when rotating against axis 1, part 3, the surface of which is helical, circular, convex. Fig. 6 shows conditional connection of part 4 with Fig. 5 with part 3, along the connection line 5, i.e., how blade 2 in figure 3 is formed.

As a result of the features of the design of blades 3 and 4, and due to their helical nature, a space between the outer surface of blade 3 and inner surface of blade 4 is formed along the helical line 5. All surface points of blades 3 and 4 in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 rotate against the axis with radius values they had in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6. It ensures that the blades penetrate the atmosphere where they rotate and do not agitate it when rotating. The blades are also formed by connection of plates made of circular convex wavelike surfaces and plates made of circular convex-concave wavelike surfaces, as shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8. The wavelike shape of blade plates favors the increase of head drag in case of different orientation against the directed wind flow, and they also penetrate the atmosphere volume and do not agitate it when rotating against the axis. It is reasonable to apply rotors with wave! ike blade plate surfaces in wind generators.

Fig. 9 shows the diagram of formation of rotor blades formed by connecting the parts of base 3 and parts of the convex circular surface 4, with Fig. 5, the connection line 5 of which is smaller than the ends of the side surfaces. Fig. 10 shows the plan view of the rotor formed with such blades. Such plate production method allows increasing the area of plates 3 and 4 of blades, which aggravates the energy efficiency of the energy flow, increases rotor capacity. Operation of rotor shown in Fig. 10 and its application is similar to the rotor shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.

Therefore, the reported method is implemented using a device that can have different modifications, which allows achieving the technical result, in particular: decreasing noise and vibrations during operation of devices, intensifying the efficiency of energy conversion, and expanding the possibilities for rotor use.

Applicants: Krysak Fedir

Krysak Alla

Krysak Andrian

Krysak Matvii