Description

The present invention relates to a retractable sliding door with automatic alignment to the wall during the closing phase.

More specifically, the present invention relates to a retractable sliding door, as defined above, wherein the door constituting the screening element of the space is configured and moved in such a way as to automatically align, when closed, with the opposite vertical edges of the wall on which the through opening is made.

As is known, sliding doors are widely used especially for temporarily closing the opening between two adjacent rooms, without occupying space. Such doors, in fact, do not project angularly during opening since they are driven to slide parallel to the wall on which the through opening is made; typically, these sliding doors are retractable, since when open the relative door is housed in a special seat made in the thickness of the wall. Traditionally, the door runs along straight guides and has a significantly reduced thickness to that of the wall that houses it, once driven to close the through space between one room and that adjacent to it, it is placed rearward and misaligned on both sides of the wall, resulting in a noticeable discontinuity in the extension of such wall, given that the door is immediately evident.

US 6 926 867 discloses the solution of making a sliding door with a leaf suspended from an upper arm of a frame provided with a curved channel. When the door is closed, the leaf moves towards the inside of the frame and is pushed against a gasket to provide an airtight seal with said frame. Belgian patent No 419 334 relates to a metal window with a horizontal sliding frame made up of metal profiles connected together. A series of notches along the upper wing of the frame allows instant removal of the frame, which is raised and moved transversely. CH 542 982 discloses a horizontally sliding door designed to form an automatic door for lifts and goods lifts, in which the rollers of each leaf have two convex profile rolling annular surfaces, cooperating with the branches of a support rail with a "V" section.

An evolved and appreciated embodiment of this type of door requires that, once driven into the closed position, it is perfectly aligned with the wall after screening the through passage made on such wall, the only reference detectable on the resulting surface, which is smooth overall, consists of a small recess that allows the user to manually grip and move the sliding door to open or close it. When the door is fully open, it is then invisible, since it is inserted in the aforementioned seat made in the thickness of the wall. This well-known solution, however, has a major drawback, since it involves the preparation and use of a frame that supports a carriage to which two stabilizing bars or arms are hinged at the top to support the leaf, cantilevered. There are similar components also in the lower part of the door, making for a very complex mechanical group, with joints that can generate critical aspects when handling. It is also a mechanism that involves a multiplicity of adjustments and maintenance operations, which often requires laborious intervention to adapt to the masonry and that consequently determine a high cost.

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks complained of above.

More specifically, the purpose of this invention is to provide a retractable sliding door, with automatic alignment to the wall during the closing phase, wherein the movement mechanism is structurally simple, does not require complex adjustments during assembly or even maintenance or lubrication of the components.

Another purpose of the invention is to provide a retractable sliding door that can be easily adapted to the existing masonry wall structure during installation.

A no less important purpose of the invention is to provide a retractable sliding door the movement of which excludes any danger of hitting and damaging the floor of the room in which it is installed.

A further purpose of the invention is to make available to users a retractable sliding door suitable to ensure a high level of resistance and reliability over time, in addition such as to be easily end economically made.

These and other purposes are achieved by the retractable sliding door of the present invention according to the main claim. The construction and functional characteristics of the retractable sliding door of the present invention will be more clearly comprehensible from the detailed description below in which reference is made to the appended drawings which show a preferred and non-limiting embodiment and wherein:

figure 1 schematically shows, in an axonometric view, the sliding door of the invention arranged along a wall and in a fully closed condition;

figure 2 shows schematically, in an axonometric view, the same sliding door in an almost fully open condition along the said wall; figure 3 is an enlarged detail of figure 2, showing the door in a rearward position from the wall;

figure 4 shows schematically, in an axonometric view, the sliding door of the invention with the relative upper carriage and lower guide;

figure 5 schematically represents, in an axonometric view, an enlarged detail of the lower guide of the sliding door;

figure 6 schematically represents, in exploded view, part of the components of figure 5, together with a portion of the lower guide; figure 7 schematically shows a 90° rotated lateral view of said lower guide;

figure 8 is an enlarged detail of figure 7;

figure 9 schematically represents an axonometric view of the sliding door, with the relative means placed in the upper part for the connection to the support beam; figures 10 and 11 are enlargements of the means of connection shown in the previous figure;

figure 12 shows schematically, in an axonometric view, the lower sliding guide integrated in the base of the same sliding door, seen from below;

figure 13 schematically represents a further view of the same sliding door, with its upper carriage and with the lower guide in exploded view;

figure 14A schematically shows an enlarged detail of figure 13;

figure 14B schematically shows a further enlarged detail of figure 13;

figure 15 schematically represents an enlarged detail of the upper part of the door according to figure 13;

figure 16 schematically shows an exploded view of the door, its upper and lower guides and the lateral uprights;

figure 16A shows a partial enlargement of figure 16;

figure 17 schematically shows the door assembled and in a fully closed condition;

figure 18 shows the sliding door and the upper support beam of said door from below;

figure 19 schematically shows a cross-section of said beam, integrating the upper guide of the sliding door;

figure 20 schematically shows, in a front view, the sliding door partially open; figure 21 schematically shows the sliding door and the upper beam of the support frame, in a view from below, to highlight the partially open condition of said door;

figure 22 schematically shows, in front view, the sliding door in a fully open condition with respect to the support frame;

figure 23 schematically shows the sliding door and the upper beam of the support frame in a view from below, to highlight the fully open condition of the door.

With initial reference to figures 1 to 3, the retractable sliding door of the present invention, denoted by reference numeral 10, is arranged along a wall 12 and is designed to alternatively open and close a through space 14 made along said wall; in the closed condition, in which said space is completely screened, the sliding door 10 is perfectly aligned with the wall 12, at least on the front or exposed side of said wall, indicated as 16 in figure 1. When the door is opened, in order to allow access through the through space 14, this alignment is lost, since said door is made to shift slightly in a transverse direction and then to translate to juxtapose the opposite rear face of wall 12, as shown in figure 2 and figure 3 in an enlarged detail. Once the door 10 has been opened, it can also be positioned in a special seat made in the wall thickness, according to a known embodiment

According to the invention, the retractable sliding door 10, typically consisting of a hollow core leaf or other suitable material, is guided during its movement by means of the respective lower and upper guides, respectively shown as 18 in figures 4, 5 and as 20 in figures 16 and 19.

In detail, the lower guide 18 is formed of a metal profile made, for example, of extruded aluminium, with a substantially "U" shaped section and provided with through holes at the base for its fastening to the floor by means of conventional screws with relative expansion plugs. A roller 24 is fixed to the lower guide 18, visible in figures 4 and 14, which projects upwards from the base 18' and is destined to abut the floor of said guide; said base 18' protrudes on one side from the lower guide 18 with respect to the opposite side walls, as can be seen in particular from figure 14A, and forms an extension 28, visible in said figure. From this extension 28 of the base 14', the roller 24 which has the function of guiding the sliding of the door 10 as it is arranged inside a shaped channel 26 which the said door is fitted with at the base, protrudes upwards. As can be seen in particular from figure 12, which illustrates the door 10 seen from the lower head, the shaped channel 26 is made in the thickness of said door and defines a "U" shape to accommodate the roller 24. The shaped channel 26 extends with a mixed-line, straight line extension substantially for the entire width of the door 10; at one end, the shaped channel 26 forms a circle arc fold 30, oriented in the direction of the rear face of the wall 12, i.e. in the direction of the side opposite that indicated as 16 in figure 1.

The end that forms the circle arc fold 30 defines on the upper side a flat and slightly raised surface 32, on which two or more through holes 34 are made for fixing with screws 36 a shaped plate 38 illustrated in detail in figures 5 and 6. The shaped plate 38 forms the support for a wheel 40, arranged horizontally and parallel to said shaped plate 38 on the lower side thereof; the wheel 40, with idle rotation, is fixed with a rivet 42 or the like and its rolling surface is preferably made of anti-friction and sound-absorbing material. As can be seen in particular from figure 6, as well as from figures 7 and 8, near the wheel 40, at the same lower side of the shaped plate 38, a magnet 44 is connected with a screw 46, preferably a Neodymium magnet, intended to cooperate with a ferromagnetic tape 48 extending along one of the vertical walls of the lower guide 18 and stabilized therein in a known manner (figures 4, 5 and 13). The magnet 44 guarantees the constant stability of the door 10 as it slides, resulting from the magnetic connection with the tape 48 in the lower guide 18. Preferably, as can be seen from figures 5 and 13, the tape 48 reduces its vertical extension at one end, tapering off and ending with a tendentially pointed part facing the roller 24; this allows the magnetic attraction effect to be modified, which is reduced to make it easier to move the door 10 when opening.

The upper guide 20, which forms a support beam, consists of a box-shaped profile with a substantially rectangular cross-section, oriented in the vertical direction, in the upper part of which paired prominences 50, 52 lengthwise extended are made constituting the sliding tracks of as many pairs of wheels 54 borne by a shaft 56 extending transversely. The carriage is defined by a metal frame 62 that bears two or more pairs of wheels or bearings 54, extending longitudinally in the upper guide 20. Figure 19, in particular, illustrates in detail the arrangement of the wheels 54, as well as an additional wheel 58 which, according to a preferred embodiment, is positioned between said wheels 54 and is guided along an appendix 60 made in the guide 20 above the prominences 50 and 52. A foil 64 is connected to the metal frame 62, which extends in the direction of the underlying door 10 to which it is hinged, i.e. connected in an articulated manner. The foil 64 is advantageously made of two overlapping elements bolted to each other which can translate in relation to one another so as to be able to initially adjust, during an installation phase, the inclination of the door 10 and make it align correctly with the through space 14 made on the wall 12. Along the lower edge of the foil 64, a puckering is made that forms opposite and complementary puckers or engagement seats indicated as 72 in figure 16A, for pins borne by the door 10.

As a function of the aforementioned hinge connection, the upper head of door 10 is provided, at opposite lateral ends, with respective plates 66, 68 (figures 10 and 11), each of which comprises an appendix protruding upwards on which a pin 70 is engaged; the pins 70, oriented in an opposite direction, face each other on the upper head of the door 10 and are the means for realizing the articulated connection between said door and the foil 64. The upper edge of the foil 64 is also provided with a puckering that forms opposite and complementary puckers or engagement seats for pins similar to said pins 70 through which said foil connects to the frame 62.

The plate 68 defines an integral extension 74, oriented in the direction of the rear side of said door, from which a roller 76 similar to the roller 24 of the lower guide 18 projects upwards, as shown in figure 11, but in this case movable with the door 10 rather than fixed; the roller 76 has in fact the function of guiding the door 10 in opening and closing, sliding along a shaped channel 78 made in the upper guide 20, as shown schematically in figure 19, and fixed therein in a known manner. Said shaped channel is visible in part in figures 21 and 23 where it is indicated as 82 at a curved end thereof which defines the same configuration as the curved end 30 of the shaped channel 26, made along the lower head of the door 10 and shown schematically in figures 7, 8 and 12. The shaped channel 78 extends for the remainder of its extension in a straight pattern substantially for the entire width of the door 10, as does the shaped channel 26 made along the lower head of the door 10 (figure 12).

The assembly formed by the door 10, the lower 18 and upper guides 20, the foil 64 and the frame 62 that defines the carriage is assembled in a compact block by means of opposite vertical uprights 84 (figure 16) that rest on the ground and that are fixed in a known manner, with brackets or equivalent means, to a wooden or metal frame integrated in the wall structure or plasterboard wall. Once assembled, the door 10 is hung and hinged to the frame 62 that defines the carriage, consequently to the upper guide 20; in its movement when opening and closing, the door 10 tends to swing as a function of the hinge formed by the foil 64, in the seats 72 of which the pins 70 are inserted. Said door is always perfectly orthogonal to the floor, both along the straight section and the final curved section 30 or 82 of the shaped channels 26 and 78, thanks to the guide rollers 24 and 76. The folds 30 of the shaped channel 26 and 82 of the shaped channel 80 oblige the door 10 to move initially backwards during the opening phase with respect to the exposed side 16 of the wall 12.

Figures 18, 21 and 23 show the progressive movement of the roller 24 in the shaped channel 26 of the lower guide 18 and the positions in which said roller is located when the door 10 is closed (figure 17), semi-open (figure 20) or fully open (figure 22). The swinging movement in opening and closing allows the door 10 to rise a few millimetres, so as to avoid contact with the floor during opening and closing and therefore the possible risk of marking and damaging said floor. In particular, the door 10 is raised as a function of its "pendulum" movement; when moved from the lower dead centre, in fact, this movement causes the door to lift, which thus moves away from the floor and avoids rubbing.

The weight of the door, which cantilevers with respect to the hinge point, pushes the door transversely to the direction of sliding when the roller 24 enters the non-straight section 30 of the lower guide 18. The transverse thrust, deriving from the cantilever, also moves the door automatically towards the end stop; it therefore closes automatically as a function of its weight when within a short distance of its closing end stop.

As may be seen from the above, the advantages which the invention achieves are evident.

In the retractable sliding door of the invention, the movement mechanism as a whole is structurally simple, does not require complex adjustments during assembly or subsequent maintenance or lubrication of the components. Said door is also easily adaptable to the existing wall structure during installation and its movement during opening and closing does not involve any danger of hitting and damaging the floor of the room in which it is installed. Additionally, the same door 10 is advantageously able to close itself substantially automatically as a result of its weight, when it is close to the end stop.

Despite the invention having been described above with particular reference to one of its preferred embodiments, made solely by way of a non-limiting example, numerous modifications and variants will appear evident to a person skilled in the art in the light of the above description. The present invention therefore sets out to embrace all the modifications and variants which fall within the sphere and scope of the following claims.