To exclude the effect of gas in a tube in an electroluminescent element and improve the life as the element.

A black matrix film 7 including graphite and TiO2 is formed on the inner face of an anode substrate 3 in a pattern having an opening 7a exposing the inner face of the anode substrate. Phosphor layers R, G, B are formed in the opening. Field emission elements 29 are formed on a cathode substrate 4 facing the anode substrate at a prescribed interval. In the case of a conventional FED added with no TiO2, a relative emission value is reduced to half (50%) in about 400 h. In the case of this FED added with 0.5 wt.% of TiO2 on the other hand, the relative emission value is reduced to half (50%) in about 4,000 h. When 0.01 wt.% or above of TiO2 is added, an effect on an emission life characteristic is recognized. When 0.5 wt.% of TiO2 is added, the emission life becomes 10 times that of the FED added with no TiO2.