To provide a drum brake and a brake lining capable of uniformizing the contact pressure applied to the peripheral surface of a brake drum by the brake lining.

The drum brakes 13, 19 each have the cylindrical brake drum 31 rotating together with a wheel, a pair of brake shoes 33 having an arcuate outer peripheral surface opposed to the inner peripheral surface of the brake drum 31, and the brake lining 35 fixed to a part of the outer peripheral surface of each brake shoe 33 and push-pressed to the inner peripheral surface of the brake drum 31. In the friction surface 55 of the brake lining 35, a plurality of grooves 58 is formed on sides respectively near to a cam receiving portion 65 and a pin receiving portion 75, where the brake shoes 33 receive operating force.