To provide an NC automatic lathe for shortening processing time, in its turn, improving processing efficiency, by simultaneously performing front face processing and back face processing.

This NC automatic lathe has a first control system for controlling the movement in the mutually orthogonal X1 axis direction, Y1 axis direction and Z1 axis direction, a second control system for controlling the movement in the X2 axis direction, the Y2 axis direction and the Z2 axis direction mutually orthogonal and respectively parallel to the X1 axis direction, the Y1 axis direction and the Z1 axis direction of the first control system, and a control means for performing synchronous control or superimposing control on at least two sets among a combination of mutually parallel (the X1 axis direction and the X2 axis direction), (the Y1 axis direction and the Y2 axis direction) and (the Z1 axis direction and the Z2 axis direction).