To provide an organic EL element of long lifetime in which enhancement of emission efficiency and such element characteristics as emission luminance and emission efficiency can be sustained at high level over a long term, and to provide its fabrication process, and an organic EL display.

A polymer having anthracene structure is added to an emission layer 20 interposed between the hole injection electrode layer 12 and the electron injection electrode layer 18 of an organic EL element 1, a modified portion 16 containing a hole blocking compound having a band gap of 4.0 eV or above is provided in the vicinity of the surface on the side close to the electron injection electrode layer 18, and an electron block layer 13 containing a hole transporting compound having electron affinity of 3.0 eV or below is provided between the hole injection electrode layer 12 and the emission layer 20. Consequently, mobility of both hole and electron is enhanced in the emission layer 20 and good carrier balance state can be sustained such that they are recombined efficiently.