To provide a phosphoric acid type fuel cell which can hold the prescribed cell service life and can be operated for many hours even if phosphoric acid is not replenished from outside.

A cathode catalyst layer 1 is arranged so as to deviate to one side of a cathode base material 2, and a reaction area and a nonreaction area are formed, and a cathode reservoir plate 4 having a partition part 43 is inserted and layered between a separator 3 and the cathode base material 2, and a gas passage which supplies reaction gas to the reaction area and discharges it from a nonreaction area is formed. Cooling water is supplied from the side end corresponding to the nonreaction area of a cooling pipe 7 embedded in a cooling plate 6, and is discharged from the side end corresponding to the reaction area, and a temperature of the nonreaction area is made relatively lower than a temperature of the reaction area.