To reduce the production cost of the metal oxide fiber-aluminum composite by arranging a blanket in a metal mold, which is a stacked body of metal oxide fibers subjected to needling and where a volumetric ratio of the fiber is not less than a prescribed value and then infiltrating molten aluminum under pressure into the blanket.

This blanket is preferably composed of an alumina fiber containing 70-97 wt.% alumina and 3-30 wt.% silica or a silica-alumina fiber containing 45-65 wt.% alumina and the balance silica. The blanket is prepared by stacking the fibers in the flat form and then subjecting the stacked body to needling. The volumetric ratio of a metal oxide fiber in the blanket is controlled to be not less than 5%. The blanket thus obtained is placed in a metal mold and infiltrated under pressure with molten aluminum. The blanket is preferably placed in the metal mold so that the molten aluminum is infiltrated under pressure into the blanket in the thickness direction of the blanket.