To provide a roll support structure capable of rapidly corresponding to the alteration of a printing condition by making it possible to easily replace a fountain roll or the like.

An anilox roll 15 is arranged so that the outer peripheral surface thereof comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the fountain roll 13 positioned in an ink pan 11 and the ink I transferred to the outer peripheral surface of the anilox roll 15 is transferred to a plate cylinder 16 to apply predetermined printing to the printing paper P passed through the nip between the plate cylinder 16 and an impression cylinder 17. The support shaft 20 of the fountain roll 13 and the anylox roll 15 is provided to a rotary shaft 32 in a freely detachable manner through a connection means 29 and the support shaft 12 on the other end side thereof is supported by an energizing means 59. This energizing means 59 includes an axially movable moving shaft 45 and the moving shaft 45 is moved to permit the detachment of the fountain roll 13 and the anilox roll 15.