Especially within the medical field many devices are used of the type where an adjustment should be set during han- dling of the device and where data retrieval related to the setting is increasingly needed because the use of equipment for handling and displaying data has exploded.

In the following the invention will be explained in rela- tion to a known device in the form of an adjustable dos- age unit for the release of a dose of pharmaceutical.

Preferably such a dosage unit comprises a cylindrical casing for the dose of pharmaceutical, preferably insu- lin. The dosage unit is preferably of the type described in EP 327 910 which is hereby incorporated as reference.

When used for dosing suitable quantities of insulin, the cartridge for inserting in the dosage unit usually con- tains 1.5 ml. The insulin is of a concentration of e. g.

100 insulin units per ml whereby the cartridge contains 150 insulin units. When using the dosage unit, a pre- determined quantity is to be delivered per injection, preferably up to 40 insulin units.

Therefore, the dosage unit can be used for several injec- tions per cartridge. The latter procedure requires a very accurate adjustment of the dosage to be injected per in- jection.

The dosage unit according to EP 327 910 is a very compact pen-like device which can easily be pre-adjusted to the desired dosing quantity by revolving the pen in relation to an end cap thereof. The desired dosing quantity is read by means of a suitable measuring scale.

However, it has been realised that children or elderly persons, especially visually impaired persons, may en- counter problems when reading the measuring scale which is divided into a scale for"ones"and one for"tens".

Especially the scale of"tens"might be misinterpreted.

The object of the invention is to provide an apparatus allowing a more safe detecting of the setting of the medical device.

A further object of the invention is to provide a more safe reading of the pharmaceutical dosage given from a dosage unit.

A further object is to provide an apparatus which can be used in combination with existing dosage units e. g. of the type described in EP 327 910 for providing further information related to the dosage of pharmaceutical.

A further object is to provide for an apparatus which also allows for adopting the cap of an existing dosage unit.

These objects are accomplished by an apparatus which is intended for disconnectible engagement with the medical device, said apparatus having detector means for detect- ing the selected setting and information means for pro- viding information related to said mechanical adjustment.

Preferably, the device may be a dosage unit having a pair of mutually movable elements for co-operating with re- spective elements in the apparatus. These elements could be mutually longitudinally displaceable but a very expe- dient embodiment comprises mutually revolving engagement elements of a kind also to be found on the unit known from EP 327 910. Thereby, the consumer does not need to buy a new and expensive injection unit. The apparatus ac- cording to the invention can be used as an add-on for the known pen-like injector already covering a major part of the world market.

When arranging the apparatus so that it can receive the first end of the dosage unit, whereby the adjustment of the dosage quantity is effected by revolving of the dos- age unit relatively to the apparatus, the apparatus ac- cording to the invention will function just like the re- movable cap of the well-known insulin pen whereby the us- ers will feel comfortable when using the new apparatus with their own and well-known insulin pen.

In a preferred embodiment the apparatus is arranged also to accommodate a removable cap of a well-known insulin pen whereby insulin which may leak from the needle will be picked up by the cap so that the insulin is prevented from causing bad smell or damaging the electronics in the apparatus according to the invention.

The apparatus according to the invention can be based on a purely mechanical or electromechanical basis. Even a purely mechanical device will enhance the safety in han- dling the insulin injector in that the apparatus can com- prise rotating discs driven by the cooperating engagement elements, thereby making a very easily readable indica- tion of the pre-selected dosage. Also pads with Braille can be incorporated in the apparatus.

Preferably, the detector means of the apparatus comprises a transducer for generating an electrical signal which represents the adjusted dosage quantity. The transducer is preferably arranged for providing different types of electrical signals when the dosage unit and the apparatus are turned relative to each other in one direction or in the opposite direction, respectively. Thereby it is eas- ier to program an electronic programming unit in the ap- paratus.

The safety and versatile use of the apparatus can be fur- ther enhanced by incorporating an encoder in the trans- ducer.

The information means preferably comprises a display unit which is controlled relative to the electrical signals from the transducer. Also a memory and programming unit as well as clock and timer means can be incorporated in the information means.

Preferably the apparatus is arranged to work with further add-on's, i. e. a sound module, a PC-link module, or a module for infrared transmission of information. These features can also be incorporated in the apparatus itself but when divided up in a number of add-on's, the user need not buy more than necessary.

In the following the invention will be described in more details in connection with an insulin injection unit but it will be understood that supervision of dispensing of other types of pharmaceutical can also be carried out by means of the apparatus according to the invention. E. g. an embodiment for cooperating with a dosage unit for pills is also within the scope of the invention.

The invention is described in greater details below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a side view of a known injection pen which can be used in combination with the apparatus according to the invention, Figure 2 is an axial sectional view of the unit shown in Figure 1, Figure 3 shows an embodiment of the invention and the in- jection pen shown in Figure 1 and 2, Figure 4 shows an apparatus according to the invention coupled with the injection pen shown in Figure 1, Figure 5 shows an exploded view of Figure 3, Figure 6 shows an internal view of an embodiment accord- ing to the invention coupled with the injection pen, cf.

Figure 4, Figure 7 shows another embodiment for cooperating with add-on's, Figure 8 schematically shows a further embodiment, and Figure 9 shows a section through the embodiment shown in figure 8.

The injection pen shown in Figures 1 and 2 corresponds to the dosage unit known from EP 327 910. This dosage unit will therefore not be described in details below, but only to an extent necessary to understand how it works in principle with a preferred embodiment of the invention.

The dosage unit comprises a casing 1 for a cartridge 2 containing a liquid. The cartridge 2 comprises a piston 4 pressing the liquid out through a needle which must ini- tially be mounted on a cup-shaped cap 6.

At the end opposite the cap 6, the dosage unit comprises a piston rod 8 driving the piston 4 in the cartridge 2.

The piston rod 8 comprises a rail 9 provided with trans- verse barbs 10 being serrated when seen as a longitudinal sectional view thereof. These barbs co-operate with a pair of pals 11 integral with the casing 1 and are pro- vided with barbs for co-operating with said barbs 10 on the piston rod 8. Thereby a displacement of the piston rod 8 is allowed only towards the piston 4 of the car- tridge.

Further the piston rod 8 is arranged relative to the cas- ing 1 so that the piston rod 8 is prevented from rotating relative to the casing 1 whereas axial displacement is allowed.

The piston rod 8 is movable within an adjustment sleeve 18 having nut means 13 for co-operating with threaded portions on the piston rod 8, said thread being not visi- ble in the drawing, since it exists only along the longi- tudinal top side (facing the viewer) of the rail 9 to- gether with corresponding threaded protrusions diametri- cally opposite thereto. These rows of threaded protru- sions are freely movable within the space 19 inside the adjustment sleeve 18 but when co-operating with the nut means 13, the adjustment sleeve 18 can be axially dis- placed when rotating the casing 1 in relation to an outer sleeve 20 since the adjustment sleeve 18 and the outer sleeve 20 are prevented from mutual rotational movement.

Further details of these features can be ascertained from EP 327 910.

The dosage unit further comprises a removable cap 25 that protects the needle when mounted on the end cap 6. The removable cap 25 is of such axial extent that when mounted, its free rim 26 is situated adjacent the outer sleeve 20. Axial recesses or grooves are provided close to the free rim 26 of the cap 25, said recesses being situated with the same mutually angular distance along the inner side of the cap. These recesses are indicated by the reference numerals 27 and 28, and receive corre- spondingly shaped protruding projections 29,30, respec- tively, on the outer side of the casing 1.

It will now be explained how a pre-adjustment operation is performed by means of the known injection pen shown in Figures 1 and 2. When seizing the removable cap 25 and the outer sleeve 20, respectively, with one's fingers and turning these parts relative to each other, the adjust- ment sleeve 18 will be moved outwards (left in Figure 2) and reveal a circumferential scale (see Figure 4) which can be read relative to the end rim of the outer sleeve 20. This will be performed because the outer sleeve 20 and the removable cap 25 are coupled to the nut means 13 and threaded projections, respectively, as described above.

When the dosage is pre-adjusted, the corresponding amount of pharmaceutical can be pressed out by pressing the pis- ton rod back to a position where the nut means 13 abut on the casing 1.

The problem for visually impaired patients may be that the numbers on the removable cap 25 and on the adjustment sleeve 18 (see Figure 4) are relatively small. Also it may for some people be difficult to align the scale of the adjustment sleeve 18 relative to the rim of the outer

sleeve 20, and such a failure is serious since this scale is calibrated into intervals of ten.

These and other problems are avoided by means of the in- vention, a preferred embodiment of which will now be de- scribed.

Referring now to Figure 3, an embodiment 31 of the inven- tion is shown in axial distance from the dosage unit or injection pen shown in Figures 1 and 2. The injection pen shown in Figure 3 is further provided with a protection cap 32 surrounding the needle. The embodiment in Figure 3 comprises a housing 33 with a window for an electronic display 36.

In use the injection pen is fully inserted into the appa- ratus as shown in Figure 4 whereby the protrusions 29,30 on the cap 1 and the projection 37 on the outer sleeve mesh with corresponding grooves in the apparatus 31 as explained below. The advantage of the invention is also illustrated on Figure 4, cf. the scale shown on the ad- justment sleeve 18 corresponding to a pre-adjustment of the dosage unit for delivering a dosage of 35 insulin units. It would be appreciated that the digits on the electronic display are more legible in relation to the small indications on the adjustment sleeve. Also, mis- alignment of this scale in relation to the rim of the outer sleeve might occur. This is obviated according to the invention by the great digits on the display.

In Figure 5 the apparatus is shown in its dismounted state whereby the free-running wheel 34 becomes visible.

This wheel has a number of axial slots or grooves for meshing with the projection 37. Another set of axial grooves or slots can also be seen in Figure 5 for receiv- ing the projections 29,30. It will now be understood that

when the injection pen has been fully inserted into the apparatus according to the invention, revolving of the apparatus 31 in relation to the outer sleeve 20 will per- form two functions. First, since the cap 1 is fixed rela- tive to the apparatus 31 against rotational movement, the injection pen will be pre-adjusted as explained above and second, the wheel 34 will be turned relative to the cas- ing 33.

Figure 6 shows other necessary components mounted in the casing 33. A detector means 12 is shown which is prefera- bly an electrical transducer for co-operating with the wheel 34 for providing electrical signals representing the amount of rotation of the wheel 34 in relation to the casing 33. Preferably the signals represent a number of angular steps since it is preferred that the wheel 34 works with a ratchet in the casing whereby the user also has an audible response from the apparatus.

The signals representing the pre-adjusted dosage from the transducer 12 are transmitted to an electronic unit 38 which comprises electronic means at least for displaying on the display unit 36 an indication of the pre-selected dosage. Preferably a microswitch 39 is used for turning the electronics on and off, said switch being mounted so that the apparatus will not be switched on until the pro- jections 29,30,37 mesh correctly with the corresponding grooves in the apparatus. Reference number 40 represents a bed for a battery.

It is an extremely expedient feature of the apparatus ac- cording to the invention that it can be used together with an injection pen already on the market. The adjust- ment obtained by turning the pen cap and outer sleeve relative to each other can also be obtained and detected by means of the apparatus, e. g. the electrical transducer

12, and the electronic unit 38 can be extended to com- prise a computer with a memory, a preloaded program, and timer means so that almost any information about the pre- vious, the actual, and the future dosage given by means of the injector pen can be stored, calculated on, and displayed.

E. g. clock means can be programmed to give an alarm after a preselected elapse of time and the memory can contain information about the amount of dosage given at a prese- lected time. Programming can be obtained by rotating the wheel 34, by means of the dosage unit, or by means of a programming dummy, but preferably the apparatus can be connected to different add-on's for a more convenient communication with other information systems.

Another embodiment of the apparatus according to the in- vention is shown on fig. 7A arranged for communication with ad-on components, i. e. a sound module on fig. 7B or a PC-link module 44 on fig. 7C.

The embodiment of fig. 7A has a greater electronic dis- play 41 for showing more information than provided for with the display 36 on the first embodiment. The embodi- ment of fig. 7A has connection means for cooperating with information transfer means 42,43 on the add-on's, i. e. the sound module 44 on fig. 7B. On fig. 7C the add-on is serving as a PC-link 45 for transferring information be- tween the apparatus according to the invention and a PC installation, blood sugar measurement devices, or other equipment typically operated by doctors or the like.

Thereby i. e. a whole pharmaceutical treatment can be loaded into the memory of the electronic unit 38 and in- formation can be shown and alarms can be given to the pa- tient ensuring that the prescribed pharmaceutical treat- ment is followed.

The apparatus according to the invention can in the most simple embodiment enhance the user's correct handling, especially when speaking about visually impaired users, but also people having no problems with the injection pen already on the market will ascertain many new advantages and one does not need to buy a quite new complete and more expensive equipment since the apparatus according to the invention can be used together with prior injection units, i. e. of the type above.

Till now the invention has been described in connection with an open-ended dosage unit which has been inserted in the apparatus. It will be realised from figures 1 and 2 that well-known insulin pens normally also comprise a re- movable cap (25 in figure 1), and in the following an em- bodiment will be described which is arranged for receiv- ing both the insulin pen and its corresponding cap.

In figure 8 the latter embodiment is shown where 46 rep- resents the apparatus according to the invention while 20 corresponds to 20 in figure 1. Figure 8 will not be ex- plained further, but it should be mentioned that a rather big display 48 can be placed within the field marked 47.

Figure 9 shows a section A-A from figure 8 which shows an insulin pen of a well-known type where the outer sleeve 20 and the cap 25 are shown in bold line.

The apparatus 46 comprises a display 48, an electronic circuit board 49, a battery 50, a micro processor 51, a cap switch 52 and a pen switch 53.

The cap 25 has a cap clip 54 which is received in a groove (not shown) in the apparatus so that the cap clip is prevented from rotation relative to the apparatus 46.

Correct insertion of the pen in the apparatus will be re- alised by the pen switch 52. The cap 25 will be retained in the apparatus 46 by means of friction and elastic ele- ments in a well known manner.

The function can be easily understood when comparing with figure 3 and 5. In figures 3 and 5 the protrusion 29 is received in one of the grooves 35, but in the embodiment shown in figures 8 and 9 the protrusion 29 will be re- ceived in a corresponding groove in the cap. Since the cap itself is prevented from rotation in the apparatus 46, then the insulin pen can be adjusted by turning the outer sleeve 20 in relation to the apparatus 46. Thereby the protrusion 37 in figure 3 will engage a wheel 55 cor- responding to the wheel 34 in figure 5, the wheel 55 hav- ing on its outer periphery a number of studs for co- operating with for example three electrical contacts in parallel whereby the safe detection of the setting of the pen can be enhanced. Especially when turning the parts quickly relative to each other, the latter embodiment will be more reliable than the previous embodiment.

After an insulin dose has been injected some insulin may leak from the needle. If this insulin runs into the appa- ratus 46 it can damage the electronic parts, and further there is a risk of bad smell due to the preservative sub- stances in the insulin. These drawbacks are eliminated because the cap 25 is received in the apparatus and pre- vents the insulin from causing damage. Also if a failure should arise in the apparatus 46 e. g. low battery, then the well-known insulin pen comprising the outer sleeve 20 and the cap 25 can be disconnected from the apparatus 46 by moving the insulin pen to the left in figure 9. There- after, the pen can be adjusted in a well-known manner.