According to the state of the art valve aggregate inserts, in other words: cartridges with surmountable limitation are known.

While an important aim of valve aggregate and cartridge manufacturers is for the amount of water flow to be as great as possible as compared to the dimensions of the valve aggregate or cartridge when the valve aggregate or cartridge is in its maximum open state, the saving of water and heat energy has become increasingly important.

The valve aggregate and cartridge manufacturers first placed fixed limitations into their products, the characteristic of which was that an amount above a certain amount or a temperature of mixed water above a certain temperature could not be released from the valve aggregate or cartridge, in spite of the fact the flow cross section or the temperature of the available hot water would have permitted this.

So in such a way the maximum performance of valve aggregates or cartridges was artificially limited, and it could not even be used in the case the consumer desired to do so.

Recognising the disadvantage of fixed limitations the use of surmountable limitations became more widespread, and especially in two fields.

In practice the operation of cartridges and the valve aggregates that use them takes place most frequently so that there is a moving arm in the cartridge itself in an arm holder fitted with a bearing so that it may rotate, the nodding movement of which moving arm regulates the amount of water flow through the cartridge or valve aggregate with the movement of a ceramic disc sealed regulation disc, while the rotation of the moving arm and the arm holder with it with the rotation of the ceramic disc seal discs with respect to each other regulates the hot and cold water mix ratio.

There are, naturally, ceramic disc cartridges or valve aggregates that operate in a way different to this, however, the requirement for surmountable limitation may arise in the application of all kinds of cartridge or valve aggregate.

Surmountable limitation for the setting of the water amount means that during the nodding path of the moving arm, or in the path of one of the elements connected to the moving arm created on the effect of the nodding motion of the moving arm there is a surmountable stopping structure positioned which makes the nodding motion of the moving arm in a part of the path between the two end positions of the nodding motion of the moving arm and at the closing end position difficult.

This means during use in practice that the user has to exert a varying amount of force on the moving arm-during its nodding path-and this increasing force requirement in certain sections of the path warns the consumer not to open the valve aggregate or cartridge more than the amount he/she finds necessary at that moment, however, passing this increased force position the consumer may use the cartridge or valve aggregate to its full capacity.

There is also an important role for the closing force requirement to increase immediately before closing the valve aggregate or cartridge with the moving arm, so the closing time increases.

As the swift closing of ceramic disc seals with the sudden interruption of the flow of the flowing water creates huge pressure shocks, which partly leads to a noise effect, and partly to the increased demand on the pipes, and so to their early failure.

Surmountable limitations are also known to provide a solution for the energy used by the consumer to be as little as possible, as this does not only lead to cost savings for the individual, but economising with energy is an important aspect in society.

Numerous solutions are known for the reduction of the amount of energy used by the consumer.

Such is, for example, the solution that when the cartridge or valve aggregate is closed it is required to be in such a position that on the following opening only cold water is released and the mixing with hot water, so using more energy, is only made possible with a separate arm movement.

Another known solution is when there is a flexible overlap between two elements of the valve aggregate cartridge that rotate with respect to one another, which makes it possible to rotate the arm past the flexible overlap following the flexible deformation of the elements.

The common and unfavourable characteristic of the above solutions is that the limitation in every case is solved with the flexible contact to each other of at least two elements, in this way the mechanical elements providing the surmountable limitation undergo a mechanical load, which may cause their wear or breakage.

Numerous piston solutions are also known for the reduction of closing water shock (water- hammer), when the cartridge, or valve aggregate is fitted with elements that ensure the reduction of the closing speed using-one or more-pistons moving in-one or more- cylinders.

These piston solutions partly require a great deal of investment, in other words they are costly to implement, and their operation reliability is endangered by many factors.

The purpose of the present invention is with overcoming the above unfavourable characteristics to simplify the structure of cartridges or valve aggregates and to improve their operation reliability.

The task of the present invention is the creation of a cartridge or valve aggregate with surmountable limitation in which the surmountable limitation of the cartridge or valve aggregate essentially takes place without the limiting elements coming into physical contact.

According to the present invention the above task is solved with a cartridge or valve aggregate during the operation of which cartridge there are structural elements that move with respect to one another, in one of them there is a permanent magnet, while in the other one there is a permanent magnet and/or another material that may be magnetised.

In one of the advantageous construction forms of the cartridge or valve aggregate according to the invention the movement path of the elements that move compared to one another is at least partly parallel, or is directed towards the other element.

In a further advantageous construction form of the cartridge or valve aggregate according to the invention there is a permanent magnet and/or magnetic material in the moving arm, and in the arm holder there is at least one permanent magnet or magnetic material fitted along the path of the moving arm.

In a further advantageous construction form of the cartridge or valve aggregate according to the present invention there is a permanent magnet or magnetic material fitted in the housing and a permanent magnet or magnetic material in the arm holder.

In a still further advantageous construction form of the cartridge or valve aggregate according to the invention there is a permanent magnet and/or magnetic material fitted in the arm holder in the part near the ceramic mover, while in the ceramic mover in the part near the arm holder there is a permanent magnet and/or magnetic material.

In a still further advantageous construction form of the valve aggregate or cartridge according to the invention there is a permanent magnet fitted in the ceramic mover, while in the housing approximately opposite the magnet fitted in the ceramic mover there is also a permanent magnet fitted.

In a further advantageous construction form of the cartridge or valve aggregate according to the invention there is at least one permanent magnet connected to the ceramic mover and the arm holder each-essentially opposite one another-with polarity in opposite directions.

As it can be seen from the above, the basis of the present invention is the recognition that surmountable limitation may be solved without any contact occurring with the use of permanent magnets and magnetic materials.

If a permanent magnet and a magnetic material move as compared to each other, then the relative force required for the movement changes.

On the application of two permanent magnets there is the possibility of arranging the magnets with polarity in opposite directions and in the same direction. With the magnets arranged with the polarities in the same direction as they approach one another they attract each other, while with the polarities in opposite directions they repel one another.

This effect has special significance in the reduction of water shock on closing, when the same poles of the permanent magnets are positioned opposite one another, and so when they approach one another, in other words when closing the valve aggregate or cartridge there is an increasing force requirement.

This increasing force requirement increasingly slows down the closing process the closer we are to complete closure, through this effectively reducing any occurring water shock (water- hammer).

In the following on the basis of the construction example depicted on the appended drawing given as an example we present the essential aspects of the invention in more detail, at the same time stating that the figures are exclusively of an illustrative nature, and do not restrict the protection applied for in any manner whatsoever.

On the drawing Figure 1 depicts a usual valve aggregate cartridge, in partial section, Figure 2 illustrates the establishment of the arm holder with a flange in section.

The ceramic flat seal consisting of an input disc 6 and a control disc 5 is positioned in a housing 1 that is closed with a base 10. In the base 10 and the input disc 6 there is a cold water input channel 11, a hot water input channel 12 and a mixed water output channel 15 established.

In the housing 1 beside the control disc 5 there is a moving arm 3 in an arm holder (2)- formed with an opening with a rectangular cross-section-fitted into a bearing so that it may rotate around an axis 7. The end of the moving arm 3 in the cartridge is in the slot 9 of the ceramic mover 4 interlocked with the control disc 5.

There is a permanent magnet 13 fitted into the moving arm 3 and there are magnetic materials 14 placed in the cavity of the arm holder 2 on the side towards the moving arm 3.

In the sheath of the arm holder 2 there is a permanent magnet 13 and in the internal wall of the housing 1 there is a permanent magnet 13, or magnetic material 14. On the lower part of the arm holder 2 on the side facing towards the ceramic mover 4 there is a permanent magnet 13, and in the upper plane of the ceramic mover 4 on the part facing towards the arm holder 2 there is also a permanent magnet 13 fitted.

In the side wall of the ceramic mover 4 in the direction of the internal wall of the housing 1 the is a permanent magnet 13 fitted, and in the internal wall of the housing 1 there is a permanent magnet 13 fitted with opposite polarity.

The operation of the depicted construction form of the cartridge according to the invention is presented in more detail in the following.

The operation of the flat seal-consisting of a control disc 5 and an input disc 6-arranged in the housing 1 closed with a base 10 is completely the same as cartridges that are known in themselves.

During opening and closing the control disc 5 is slid, via the ceramic mover 4 with the moving arm 3 that is set in a bearing so that it may rotate in the arm holder 2, on the input disc 6 in such a way that in an open state of the mixing space 8 it connects the cold water input channel 11, the hot water input channel 12 and the mixed water output channel 15, and in a close state it interrupts the connection.

With the tipping down of the moving arm 3 the end in the cartridge pushes the ceramic mover 4, and so the control disc 5 moving in unison with the ceramic mover 4 closes the mixed water output 15 opening.

During this closing procedure the permanent magnet 13 in the moving arm 3 passes beside the magnetic material 14 in the right side of the moving arm 3, on which sections the movement of the moving arm 3 becomes difficult due to the magnetic attraction, and the same takes place in the opening direction also. (In the present construction form the magnetic material 14 that can be seen on the left side of the moving arm 3 has no role, however, the construction may also be established so that the moving arm moves along a path with a greater arc.) The mutual attraction and repulsion of the permanent magnets 13 and magnetic materials 14 arranged in the arm holder 2 and the internal wall of the housing 1 occurring during the rotation of the arm holder 3 create a force increase during the rotation of the arm holder 3, so in this way it is suitable for establishing a surmountable limitation. Several permanent magnets 13 or magnetic materials 14 may be placed in the arm holder 2 and the internal wall of the housing 1, naturally along each other's relative path, so an increase in the force requirement may be realised at several points along the rotation path that regulates the cold water and hot water mixing ratio.

Limitation may be realised in the opening direction with the permanent magnet 13 pair arranged in the plane of contact of the arm holder 2 and the ceramic mover 4, or with a limiting pair consisting of a permanent magnet 13 and magnetic material 14.

The selection of the elements permits the possibility of a wide variation of arrangements as compared to each other.

The permanent magnets 13 arranged in the vertical wall of the ceramic mover 4 and in the internal wall of the housing 1 may provide, on the one hand, limitation in the opening direction, if the permanent magnets 13 positioned with the same poles opposite to one another may move to one another in the opening direction, however, there is a closing direction limitation depicted, when with the tipping down of the moving arm 3 the ceramic mover 4 gets increasingly closer to the internal wall of the housing 1, and the permanent magnets 13 arranged with the same poles opposite one another increasingly repel one another, so making the closing of the cartridge more difficult, so reducing the closing speed, the water hammer phenomenon that was mentioned earlier may be avoided. (In the depicted construction form at least the permanent magnet 13 arranged in the housing 1 needs to be a section of a circular arc in shape, because the arm holder 2 and the housing 1 turn with respect to one another when setting the water temperature (mixing ratio) and the closing may take place at any angle, so the slowing down of the closing is to be ensured also at any angle.) The above problem maybe simply solved in such a way that one of at least two permanent magnets arranged with opposite polarity is connected to the arm holder 2, while the other is connected to the ceramic mover 4. The turning of the arm holder 2 and the ceramic mover 4 takes place together, and so the two magnets of the magnet pair always remain opposite one another, so the increased closing force requirement is created in any turning position, so the water hammer can be avoided.

The one permanent magnet 13 according to figure 1 is fixed to the neck of the ceramic mover 4, while the other permanent magnet 13 is fixed to the internal side of the arm holder.

In the construction according to figure 2 the arm holder 2 has a flange 16, and one of the permanent magnets 13 is connected-countersunk in practice-to this flange, while the other permanent magnet 13 is arranged in the external wall of the ceramic mover 4. The advantage of the limitation according to the invention is that in essence the limitation is solved using permanent magnets and magnetic material working together, or with permanent magnets and permanent magnet pairs without the elements carrying out the surmountable limitation coming into direct physical contact.

In this way the wear and breakdown of the limitation elements is excluded.

The use of the solution according to the present invention for the reduction of closing water shock is significantly more simple and cheaper than any sort of piston solution, and also much more reliable than them.

List of references Cartridge or valve aggregate formed with surmountable limitation 1 housing 2 arm holder 3 moving arm 4 ceramic mover 5 control disc 6 input disc 7 axis 8 mixing space 9 slot 10 base 11 cold water input channel 12 hot water input channel 13 permanent magnet 14 magnetic material 15 mixed water output channel 16 flange