AGRICULTURAL AND HORTICULTURAL CROPS

FIELD OF THE INVENTION:

The present invention relates to a composition useful as a pest-controlling agent for agricultural and horticultural crops. More particularly, the present invention relates to a novel pest controlling composition which is based on a combination of 14 homeopathic marketed preparation Thuja occidentalis (1 ), Arnica montana (2), Cina (3), Staphysagria (4), Cantharis (5), Mezereum (6), Sulphur (7), lodium (8), Calendula officinalis (9), Potassium antimony tartrate (10), Bombyx mori (1 1 ), Ledum Palustre (12), Eucalyptus globules (13), Cimicifuga racemosa (14). The novel pest controlling composition of the present invention is safe and effective in controlling pest for agricultural and horticultural crops.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION:

Pests are annoying to humans for a myriad of reasons. A pesticide is any substance or mixture of substance intended for preventing, destroying, preventing or mitigating any pest. The losses caused by pest in agriculture environments include decreased crop yield, reduced crop quality, and increased harvesting costs.

Chemical pesticides are highly toxic and are very lethal not only to pest but anyone handling them, if not used with enough care. Conventional chemical pesticides exterminates pest in one go and are the quickest means of getting rid of these obnoxious creatures. However, it has become increasingly apparent that the widespread use of synthetic chemical pesticides has caused detrimental environmental effects that are harmful to humans and other animals. Moreover, some target pests have even shown an ability to develop immunity to many commonly used synthetic chemical pesticides.

Recent agricultural practices associated with the Green Revolution have greatly increased the global food supply. They have also had an inadvertent, detrimental impact on the environment and on ecosystem services, highlighting the need for more sustainable agricultural methods. The use of synthetic pesticides in agriculture comes with a cost for the environment, and the health of animals and humans. It is well documented that excessive and inappropriate use of pesticides has increased toxins in groundwater and surface waters, incurring health and water purification costs, and decreasing fishery and recreational opportunities. Agricultural practices that degrade soil quality contribute to eutrophication of aquatic habitats and may necessitate the expense of increased fertilization, irrigation, and energy to maintain productivity on degraded soils. They also kill beneficial insects and other wildlife. Recently this 2017 lot of farmer’s death has occurred during application of synthetic pesticides like Propenphos,

Monocrotophos.

Currently, the market is filled up by the organic pesticides also but none of the organic pesticide shows the desired result i.e. 100% pest controlling.

Therefore, the need exist in the art is to provide a safe pesticidal composition that is capable of controlling the pests 100%.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION:

It is an objective of the invention is to provide a novel pesticidal composition that is capable of controlling the pest 100%.

It is another objective of the invention is to provide a novel pesticidal composition which is based on a combination of 14 homeopathic marketed preparation Thuja occidentalis (1 ), Arnica montana (2), Cina (3), Staphysagria (4), Cantharis (5), Mezereum (6), Sulphur (7), lodium (8), Calendula officinalis (9), Potassium antimony tartrate (10), Bombyx mori (1 1 ), Ledum Palustre (12), Eucalyptus globules (13), Cimicifuga racemosa (14). It is yet another objective of the invention is to provide a novel pesticidal composition that provides the healthy plant life along with healthy yields. It is yet another objective of the invention is to provide a novel pesticidal composition which improves the condition of human-helpful soil bacteria.

It is yet another objective of the invention is to provide a novel pesticidal composition which reduces the incidence of insect originated diseases.

It is yet another objective of the invention is to provide a novel pesticidal composition which is safe to farmers, crops and the environment.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION:

According to present invention, there is provided a composition useful as a pest controlling agent for agricultural or horticultural crops comprising a dilution, said dilution comprises following ingredient Thuja occidentalis, Arnica montana, Cina, Staphysagria, Cantharis , Mezereum, Sulphur, lodium, Calendula officinalis, Potassium antimony tartrate, Bombyx mori, Ledum Palustre, Eucalyptus globules, Cimicifuga racemosa. wherein each said ingredient is in the range of 1 c 10 ¹² - 1 x10 ⁴⁰⁰ mg/ml.

In accordance with these and other objects which will become apparent hereinafter, the instant invention will now be described with particular reference to the accompanying drawing.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS:

Figure 1 illustrates the penetration of particle inside the cell for its bioavailability between existing pesticidal composition “Monocrotophos” (Figure 1 a) and the present pesticidal composition in accordance with the present invention (Figure 1 b).

Other objects, features and advantages of the inventions will be apparent from the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the inventions. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION:

The present invention provides a composition useful as a pest-controlling agent for agricultural and horticultural crops. The pesticidal composition of the present invention namely“SUJALAM KITNIYANTRAK” comprises a combination of 14 homeopathic marketed actives Thuia occidentalis (1 ), Arnica montana (2), Cina (3), Staphysagria (4), Cantharis (5), Mezereum (6), Sulphur (7), lodium (8),

Calendula officinalis (9), Potassium antimony tartrate (10), Bombyx mori (1 1 ), Ledum Palustre (12), Eucalyptus globules (13), Cimicifuga racemosa (14). The finished form of the composition applied to the crops herein is a liquid form.

The aforesaid actives are available in the market (Aster Homeopathy, Sitabuldi, Nagpur-400 012, Maharashtra, India) as under liquid state and in following diluted form:

Table 1 : Concentration of the dilution of the Actives

The Actives: 1) Thuia occidentalis:

Thuja occidentalis, also known as northern white-cedar or eastern arborvitae, is an evergreen coniferous tree, in the cypress family Cupressaceae, which is native to eastern Canada and much of the north, central and upper Northeastern United States, but widely cultivated as an ornamental plant. The species was first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753, and the binomial name remains current.

According to present invention, the marketed dilutions (Q, 1 C, 2C, 3C, 6C, 30C, 200C and 1000C) of Thuja occidentalis are used.

2) Arnica Montana:

Arnica Montana is also known as wolf's bane, leopard's bane, mountain tobacco and mountain arnica is an ethnobotanical European flowering plant in the sunflower family (AsteraceaeJ. It is noted for its large yellow flower head.

Arnica montana is used as an herbal medicine for analgesic and anti inflammatory purposes.

According to present invention, the marketed dilutions (Q, 1 C, 2C, 3C, 6C, 30C, 200C and 1000C) of Arnica Montana are used.

3] Cina:

It is derived from herb Artemesia maritime, Family: Compositae. It is known that the drug brought to market under the name“wormseed” does not consist of seed, but ot the undeveloped flowers mixed with the scales of the calyx and pedicles of different species of the genus Artemesia. Semen Cina Levantica, consisting of small ovate-oblong, green-yellow flower heads, have a peculiar, nauseous aromatic odor which is somewhat like camphor, and a rough, loathsome bitterish taste. Levant wormseed contains volatile oil, resinous matter and a crystalline principle, Santonin, or santonic acid.

According to present invention, the marketed dilutions (Q, 1 C, 2C, 3C, 6C, 30C, 200C and 1000C) of Cina are used.

4) Staphysagria : The Greeks as well as the Romans were familiar with the herbal medication prepared from the plant called Delphinium Staphysagria and used it internally to induce vomiting and to flush out the bowels. Externally, they used this medication as a salve that worked in the form of a remedy for bites and stings. The homeopathic remedy Staphysagria is very commonly prescribed to treat problems related to the nerves, for instance neuralgia, sties, cystitis, teething problems and blepharitis (inflamed eyelids). In addition, it is also used to cure headachesthat make the patient feel like a weighty substance is being forced out from the forehead. Staphysagria is also a beneficial remedy for women who have a new sex partners and experience pain while engaging in sexual intercourse.

According to present invention, the marketed dilutions (Q, 1 C, 2C, 3C, 6C, 30C, 200C and 1000C) of Cina Maritima are used.

5) Cantharis: Cantharis is a large genus of soldier beetles in the family Cantharidae with narrow and soft elytra. The poisonous Spanish fly is superficially similar and is associated with the scientific name Cantharis vesicatoria. It is also sometimes called "cantharis" in the vernacular, but it is actually unrelated to Cantharis and is not a member of the Cantharidae at all. It was classified there erroneously until Johan Christian Fabricius corrected its name in his Systema entomologiae in 1775. He reclassified the Spanish fly in the new genus Lytta as Lytta vesicatoria. It belongs to the family Meloidae.

According to present invention, the marketed dilutions (Q, 1 C, 2C, 3C, 6C, 30C, 200C and 1000C) of Cantharis are used. 6) Mezereum:

Daphne mezereum, commonly known as February daphne, mezereon, mezereum, spurge laurel or spurge olive, is a species of Daphne in the flowering plant family Thymelaeaceae, native to most of Europe and Western Asia, north to northern Scandinavia and Russia. In southern Europe it is confined to medium to higher elevations and in the subalpine vegetation zone, but descends to near sea level in northern Europe. It is generally confined to soils derived from limestone. According to present invention, the marketed dilutions (Q, 1 C, 2C, 3C, 6C, 30C, 200C and 1000C) of Mezereum are used.

7) Sulphur:

Sulphur is an essential element for all life, but almost always in the form of organosulfur compounds or metal sulfides. Three amino acids (cysteine, cystine, and methionine) and two vitamins (biotin and thiamine) are organosulfur compounds. Many cofactors also contain sulfur including glutathione and thioredoxin and iron-sulfur proteins. Disulfides, S-S bonds, confer mechanical strength and insolubility of the protein keratin, found in outer skin, hair, and feathers. Sulphur is one of the core chemical elements needed for biochemical functioning and is an elemental macronutrient for all living organisms.

According to present invention, the marketed dilutions (Q, 1 C, 2C, 3C, 6C, 30C, 200C and 1000C) of Sulphur are used. ) lodium: lodium prepared from Kalium iodatum (Potassium Iodide). Iodine tincture is an allopathic skin disinfectant. According to present invention, the marketed dilutions (Q, 1 C, 2C, 3C, 6C, 30C, 200C and 1000C) of lodium are used. ) Calendula officinalis:

Calendula is a genus of about 15-20 species ^[2] of annual and perennial herbaceous plants in the daisy family Asteraceae that are often known as marigolds. They are native to southwestern Asia, western Europe, Macaronesia, and the Mediterranean. Other plants are also known as marigolds, such as corn marigold, desert marigold, marsh marigold, and plants of the genus Tagetes. The genus name Calendula is a modern Latin diminutive of calendae, meaning "little calendar", "little clock" or possibly "little weather-glass". The common name "marigold" refers to the Virgin Mary. The most commonly cultivated and used member of the genus is the pot marigold ( Calendula officinalis). Popular herbal and cosmetic products named 'calendula' invariably derive from C. officinalis.

According to present invention, the marketed dilutions (Q, 1 C, 2C, 3C, 6C, 30C, 200C and 1000C) of iodine are used. 0) Potassium antimony tarterate:

Antimony potassium tartrate, also known as potassium antimonyl tartrate, potassium antimontarterate, or emetic tartar, has the formula K2Sb2(C ₄ H206)2 and is the double salt of potassium and antimony of tartaric acid. The compound has long been known as a powerful emetic, and was used in the treatment of schistosomiasis and leishmaniasis.

According to present invention, the marketed dilutions (Q, 1 C, 2C, 3C, 6C, 30C, 200C and 1000C) of iodine are used. ) Bombvx mori: The silkworm is the larva or caterpillar or imago other domestic silkmoth, Bombyx mori. It is an economically important insect, being a primary producer of silk. A silkworm's preferred food is white mulberry leaves, though they may eat other mulberry species and even osage orange. Domestic silkmoths are closely dependent on humans for reproduction, as a result of millennia of selective breeding. Wild silkmoths are different from their domestic cousins as they have not been selectively bred; they are not as commercially viable in the production of silk. According to present invention, the marketed dilutions (Q, 1 C, 2C, 3C, 6C, 30C, 200C and 1000C) of Bombyx mori are used. ) Ledum Palustre:

Ledum palustre (syn. Rhododendron tomentosum ), commonly known as marsh Labrador tea, northern Labrador tea or wild rosemary, is a flowering plant in the subsection Ledum of the large genus Rhododendron in the family Ericaceae.

According to present invention, the marketed dilutions (Q, 1 C, 2C, 3C, 6C, 30C, 200C and 1000C) of Ledum palustre are used. ) Eucalyptus globules:

Eucalyptus globulus, the Tasmanian bluegum, southern blue-gum or blue gum, is an evergreen tree, one of the most widely cultivated trees native to Australia. They typically grow from 30-55 m (98-180 ft) tall. The tallest currently known specimen in Tasmania is 90.7 m (298 ft) tall. There are historical claims of even taller trees, the tallest being 101 m (331 ft). The natural distribution of the species includes Tasmania and southern Victoria (particularly the Otway Ranges and southern Gippsland). There are also isolated occurrences on King Island and Flinders Island in Bass Strait and on the summit of the You Yangs near Geelong. There are naturalised non-native occurrences in Spain and Portugal, and other parts of southern Europeincl. Cyprus, southern Africa, New Zealand, western United States (California), Hawaii, Macaronesia, and the Caucasus (Western Georgia).

According to present invention, the marketed dilutions (Q, 1 C, 2C, 3C, 6C, 30C, 200C and 1000C) of Eucalyptus globulus, are used.

14) Cimicifuga racemosa:

Cimicifuga racemosa (syn. Actaea racemosa) is a species of flowering plant of the family Ranunculaceae. It is native to eastern North America from the extreme 5 south of Ontario to central Georgia, and west to Missouri and Arkansas. It grows in a variety of woodland habitats, and is often found in small woodland openings. The roots and rhizomes have long been used medicinally by Native Americans. Extracts from these plant materials are thought to possess analgesic, sedative, and anti-inflammatory properties. Cimicifuga racemosa extracts are being studied 0 as treatments for symptoms associated with menopause. ^{[1 ]}

According to present invention, the marketed dilutions (Q, 1 C, 2C, 3C, 6C, 30C, 200C and 1000C) of Cimicifuga racemosa, are used.

According to present invention, the active and its manufacturer is herein below:

Table 2: Actives and its manufacturer

# ^: dilutions are available in 90:10 alcohol : water ratio.

The invention is directed to a method of promoting as agrochemicals/ pest repeiiant /pesticide to crops vegetables and flowers.

In one embodiment of the invention, combination of actives (pesticidal formulation) also acts as anti- borer (fruit borer, pod borer) insect, without hampering the growth. In another embodiment of the invention, the plant growth method and substance are safe for plants because It does not induce the negative effects of a toxicity compensation response such as arrested growth, iow crop yield, denitrification of soil, low nitrogen uptake.

In yet another embodiment of the invention, the formulation is effective against sucking pest like white fly, mealy bug, aphids, mites, thrip etc. Method and substance are nontoxic to humans and most animals, and highly economical to practice and to provide on a scale sufficiently large to treat many acres of crops at a time.

In yet another embodiment of the invention, the said fertilizer further acts as an anti-viral agent for example tobacco mosaic virus.

Research on the efficacy of the method of the present invention has been conducted on various sucking pest and borers on vegetable (Brinjal , chilli, tomato etc), crops (cotton, pigeonpea, haldi, black and red gram) and flowers (rose and chrysanthemum). The invention is now illustrated by the way of non-limiting examples:

Example 1 :

The dilution at different range called as“combination” is prepared in which All 14 contents are present at each dilution. In combination 1 , all 14 content are in Q form ( concentrated form) .

Table 3: Combination of the actives

Method of applying the dilution:

In the present invention, the dilutions as above is purchased from the local market (Aster Homeopathy, Sitabuldi, Nagpur) and is applied to the crops (Crops on which pest are seen are cotton and pigeon pie before treatment) at different plots of two districts of Vidarbha, Maharashtra state (Wardha and Yavatmal) and appreciable mortality or disappearance of pests are observed. Dosage of material decided on the basis of dilution on water and water to be sprayed in particular area. One acre of land needs 150 litres of spary (of the dilution), dose is decided on that basis. Dose is constant and fixed i.e 30 ml diluted in 150 litres of water for one acre of land for every type of pest. The trials have been taken on farmers land of 8-10 acre and the results are compared. The result reported on the basis of one acre of experimental crop, considering 43,560 Sq. ft. in one acre. Phytotoxicity on plant like for yellowing, stunting, necrosis is not observed in any plant treated with all type of combinations. Table 4: Comparison of means from different combinations from

parameters measured on white fly population of cotton

Table 4 shows the superior effect of the combination 5-7 even at 5 ^th day of its first application.

Table 5: Comparison of means from different combinations from parameters measured on pod borer populations in pigeon pie

Table 5 shows the superior effect of the combination 5-7 even after 5 ^th day of its first application.

Criticality of 1 x 10 ^~12 to 1 x10 ⁴⁰⁰ mq/ml range of 14 components

The principal finding of the invention is the dilution range (10- ¹² to 10- ⁴⁰⁰ mg/ml) of the liquid useful as a pesticide. It was observed that above the range of 1 x10- ⁴⁰⁰ and below the range of 1 x10- ¹² the result is not effective or less effective as they are too concentrated or too diluted. Therefore the critical range herein is 6C (1 x 10- ¹² mg/ml) to 200C (1 x 10- ⁴⁰⁰ mg/ml). Accordingly, the said pesticidal composition is not a mere admixture.

Mechanism of highly diluted solution (nano particle)

Contrary to existing composition ^:: monocrotophos” (Figure 1 a), Nanoparticles of the present composition have a much greater surface area per unit volume compared with the larger particles. It leads to nanopartides more chemically reactive. As growth and catalytic chemical reaction occurs at surfaces, therefore a given mass ot nanomaterial will be much more reactive than the same mass of material made up of large particles it is also found that materials which are inert in their bulk form are reactive when produced in their nanoscale form. It can improve their properties. The high surface area to volume ratio of nanopartides provides a tremendous driving force for diffusion inside cell very easily, hence results are very good (Figure 1 b).

Although the foregoing description of the present invention has been shown and described with reference to particular embodiments and applications thereof, it has been presented for purposes of illustration and description and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the particular embodiments and applications disclosed. It will be apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art that a number of changes, modifications, variations, or alterations to the invention as described herein may be made, none of which depart from the spirit or scope of the present invention. The particular embodiments and applications were chosen and described to provide the best illustration of the principles of the invention and its practical application to thereby enable one of ordinary skill in the art to utilize the invention in various embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. All such changes, modifications, variations, and alterations should therefore be seen as being within the scope of the present invention as determined by the appended claims when interpreted in accordance with the breadth to which they are fairly, legally, and equitably entitled.