LEE CHANG SUB (KR)
JOUNG KI CHUNG (KR)
IM SUNG MUK (KR)
KIM HONG (KR)
KANG YOUNG KU (KR)
LEE CHANG SUB (KR)
JOUNG KI CHUNG (KR)
IM SUNG MUK (KR)
KIM HONG (KR)
GB1435200A | 1976-05-12 | |||
US4849117A | 1989-07-18 | |||
US5219474A | 1993-06-15 |
1. | A fireextinguishing agent composition produced by the method comprising the steps of: dissolving 6 to 20 volume percent of an aqueous foaming agent in a water; injecting the dissolved aqueous foaming agent into a pressure vessel; and filling an incombustible liquified gas into the pressure vessel by applying a pressure, wherein, the fireextinguishing agent composition discharged from the pressure vessel has foam containing the incombustible liquified gas therein. |
2. | The fireextinguishing agent composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein a ratio of the incombustible liquified gas to the aqueous foam agent is in a range of 25 : 1 to 1.1 : 1 in a weight percent. |
3. | The fireextinguishing agent composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the incombustible liquified gas includes a halon 1301 (CFaBr) and a halon 1211(CF2ClBr) . |
4. | The fireextinguishing agent composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the incombustible liquified gas is at least one selected from the group consisting of 1 1, 1,2, 3, 3, 3heptafluoropropane(commonly called FM200) , chlorodifluoromethane (commonly called HCFC22) , 2,2dichlorol, 1, 1trifluoroethane (commonly called HCFC123) , 2chlorol, 1, 1, 2tetrafluoroethane (commonly called HCFC124), and a mixture thereof mixing with isopropenyl1methylcyclohexene. |
5. | The fireextinguishing agent composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein an 10 weight percent of ethylene glycol (HOCH2CH2OH) is added to the aqueous foaming agent, and carbon dioxide is added to the incombustible liquified gas in a range of 50 percent with respect to an total amount of the incombustible liquified gas. |
Background of the Invention
1. Field of the Invention
5 The present invention relates to a
fire-extinguishing agent composition which is used for
extinguishing various kinds of fires, and more
particularly to a fire-extinguishing agent composition
which can firstly extinguish the fire by generating foam
■ 0 which isolates the fire from an oxygen of an air, and can
secondarily extinguish the fire by an incombustible
liquified gas, which is contained in foam and is come out
therefrom when the foams bursts, thereby improving the
fire extinguishing effect. The fire-extinguishing agent
15 composition of the present invention is made by filling a
predetermined amount of an aqueous foaming
fire-extinguishing agent, which is dissolved in water in
a predetermined volume percent, into a pressure vessel
together with the incombustible liquified gas in a
predetermined weight ratio in such a manner that the
incombustible liquified gas can be contained in foam. As
is well known, the aqueous foam fire-extinguishing agent
isolates the fire from the oxygen of the air by using
foam, thereby extinguishing various fires.
2. Prior Arts
Generally, a fire-extinguishing agent is classified
into a foam fire-extinguishing agent, a powder
fire-extinguishing agent such as an ammonium dihydrogen
phosphate, and a halogenated alkane-based volatile
liquid fire-extinguishing agent.
The foam fire-extinguishing agent, which
extinguishes the fire by using foam isolating the fire
from the oxygen of the air or by using a cooling effect
of water, is divided into a chemical foam
fire-extinguishing agent and a mechanical foam
fire-extinguishing agent. In the chemical foam
fire-extinguishing agent, foam is generated from
fire-extinguishing agent by a vapor produced by a
chemical reaction. However, though the chemical foam
fire-extinguishing agent can effectively extinguish the
fire, the agent contained in the chemical foam
fire-extinguishing agent is frozen at the temperature
about five degrees below zero, so the chemical foam
fire-extinguishing agent is not proper to use in the
winter season. In addition, in the mechanical foam
fire-extinguishing agent, a stock solution of the foam
fire-extinguishing agent is dissolved in a large amount
of water, and is mixed with the air by a foaming device,
thereby generating foam. Accordingly, in order to use the
mechanical foam fire-extinguishing agent, not only is
required a foam generator including a mixing device and a
pressure device, but also a large amount of water is
required, so the mechanical foam fire-extinguishing
agent is not proper to widely use under the limited
conditions.
In addition, the powder fire-extinguishing
agent(such as an ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, a sodium
bicarbonate, and a calcium bicarbonate) produces an
ammonia, a carbonic gas, and water while it is being
decomposed by a heat. The ammonia and the carbonic gas
dilute the density of the oxygen in the air or restraint
the supply of the oxygen, and water exerts an cooling
effect on the fire, thereby extinguishing the fire. At
this time, an anhydride of the powder fire-extinguishing
agent is generally melted on the surfaces of
combustibles, thereby forming a film thereto. The film
further restraints the air from contacting with the fire
so that the fire-extinguishing effect is improved.
Accordingly, the powder fire-extinguishing agent having
the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate as a main component is
widely used in the various kinds of fires. However,
since the powder agent has an absorptive property, the
agent of the powder fire-extinguishing agent can be
solidified or deteriorated when it is preserved for a
long time. Further, the powder fire-extinguishing agent
has a large volume, so a volume of a fire-extinguisher is
become larger. Furthermore, the combustibles uncleanly
remain when the fire has been extinguished. Accordingly,
it is not proper to use the powder fire-extinguishing
agent when an expensive equipment or goods are burning.
In addition, a fire-extinguishing agent including a
halogenated alkane, such as a halon 1301 (CF3, Br) and
halon 1211 (CF 2 ,ClBr) or compounds thereof, is decomposed
by a flame so that it prevents a continuous combustion
reaction of materials, and thereby effectively and
cleanly extinguishing the fire. However, when it is
applied to a well- ventilated place or an open place, the
fire-extinguishing agent should has a sufficient density
so as to extinguish the fire. For this reason, a large
amount of the fire-extinguishing agent, which is more
expensive than the powder fire-extinguishing agent, is
required to extinguish the fire so that the cost is
increased. In addition, since it has a high volatility,
the halogenated alkane-based volatile liquid
fire-extinguishing agent is ineffective than the powder
fire-extinguishing agent when a conflagration occurs.
Further, since the halon is stable, the halogenated
alkane-based volatile liquid fire-extinguishing agent is
slowly decomposed in the air, so it does not rapidly
extinguish the fire. Furthermore, since the halogenated
alkane-based volatile liquid fire-extinguishing agent
destroys an ozone layer in the stratosphere, the
halogenated alkane-based volatile liquid
fire-extinguishing agent may impose the green house
effect on the earth.
Summary of the Invention
The present invention has been made to overcome the
above described problems of the prior arts, and
accordingly it is an object of the present invention to
provide a fire-extinguishing agent which can rapidly
extinguish the fire in its early stage.
To achieve the above object, the present invention
provides a fire-extinguishing agent composition produced
by the method comprising the steps of:
dissolving 6 to 20 volume percent of an aqueous
foaming agent in a water;
injecting the dissolved aqueous foaming agent into
a pressure vessel; and
filling an incombustible liquified gas into the
pressure vessel by applying a pressure, wherein the
fire-extinguishing agent composition discharged from the
pressure vessel has foam containing the incombustible
liquified gas therein.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present
invention, fire-extinguishing foam, which is generated
by the incombustible liquified gas filled in the pressure
vessel, is constantly produced until the incombustible
liquified gas has been completely evaporated.
In addition, the fire-extinguishing agent of the
present invention should not be frozen by an evaporation
heat of the incombustible liquified gas, so the weight or
volume ratio of the aqueous foam fire-extinguishing agent
to the incombustible liquified gas is very important. The
applicant of the present invention has made various
tests, thereby obtaining the improved fire-extinguishing
agent composition.
Description of the Preferred Embodiments
Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present
invention will be described in detail.
A fire-extinguishing agent composition according to
the preferred embodiment of the present invention is
produced by the method comprising the steps of dissolving
6 to 20 volume percent of an aqueous foaming agent in a
water, injecting the dissolved aqueous foaming agent into
a pressure vessel, and filling an incombustible liquified
gas into the pressure vessel by applying a pressure of 30
kg/cm 2 .
Light-Water 3%, which is manufactured by 3M company
of U.S.A., is preferably used as an aqueous foaming agent
of the present invention. Light-Water (commonly called
AFFF 3%) consists of 60 weight percent of water, 30
weight percent of 2-2-butoxy ethoxy ethanol, below 5
weight percent of fluoroalkyne surfactant, below 6 weight
percent of synthetic detergent, and below 0.1 weight
percent of methyl benzotriazol.
Light-Water is an aqueous foaming agent, and is
generally used for extinguishing the fire caused by
petroleum products. As is well known, Light-Water is
diluted with water in the density of 3% or 6% when it is
used, and produces foam by means of a pressure pump or a
water supply pump.
In the present invention, the aqueous foaming
agent (AFFF 3%) mixed with water is injected into the
pressure vessel and a incombustible liquified gas (Halon
1301) is filled in the pressure vessel as a foam
generator. In addition, in order to measure the volume
and condition of foam discharged from the pressure
vessel, both the pressure vessel, which has a capacity of
3. 55 1 and is endurable at the pressure of 150 kg/cm
and a measuring instrument which can measure 751 of foam
are used. In this state, the applicant has measured not
only the mixing ratio of the aqueous foaming agent to
water, but also the volume and discharging time of foam,
thereby obtaining numerical value which satisfies the
optimum condition.
The results attained by the various tests are
illustrated in below graphs 1 to 3.
anuHinl nf Irani uflvnl dissolv d in wuUTitl
(graph 1) - foam producing test according to a mixing ratio of an aqueous foaming agent to water (Halon 1301)
(graph 2) - foam producing test according to a variation of an amount of an aqueous foaming agent dissolved in water (Halon 1301)
(graph 3) - foam producing test according to an amount of Halon 1301
As shown in the above graphs, when the ratio of the
aqueous foaming agent to water in a volume is below 6%, a
small amount of foam is produced, and foam discharged out
from the pressure vessel can be frozen caused by the
evaporation of the incombustible liquified gas. In
addition, when the ratio of the aqueous foaming agent to
water in a volume is above 20%, the amount of foam does
not increase. Accordingly, it is preferred to set the
volume ratio of the aqueous foaming agent to water in the
range of 6 to 20%. As shown in graph 1, it is more
preferred to set the volume ratio of the aqueous foaming
agent to water to 11. 5%.
On the other hand, in the fire-extinguishing agent
composition of the present invention, the ratio of the
incombustible liquified gas to the aqueous foaming agent
is preferably in the range of 2.5 : 1 to 1.1 : 1 in a
weight percent.
It is also preferred that the pressure vessel has
pressure of 30 kg/cm .
If the pressure vessel has low pressure, foam may
remain in the pressure vessel. On the contrary, if the
pressure vessel has pressure above 30 kg/cm2, the
pressure vessel discharges gas alone at the last stage.
On the other hand, according to the applicant's
test, the amount of foam is 751 and discharging time is
56 seconds under the following condition (temperature; 12
degree C, a capacity of the pressure vessel; 2.751, the
amount of aqueous foaming agent solution; 1.751, the
amount of the ; 1.31, pressure in the pressure vessel; 30
kg/cm 2) . The discharging time is being shortened as
pressure is being increased.
In addition, though Halon is generally used as a
incombustible liquified gas of the present invention, it
is also possible to use a substitute material as the
incombustible liquified gas instead of Halon. For
example, at least one selected from the group consisting
of 1, 1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3-heptafluoropropane (commonly called
FM-200), chlorodifluoromethane (commonly called HCFC-22),
2,2-dichloro-l, 1, 1-trifluoroethane (commonly called
H C FC-123), and 2-chloro-l, 1, 1,2-tetrafluoroethane
( commonly called HCFC-124), or a mixture thereof mixing
with isopropenyl-1-methylcyclohexene can be used as a
incombustible liquified gas of the present invention.
The applicant of the present invention has made
tests using FM-200 as a incombustible liquified gas.
The results attained by the tests are illustrate d
in below graphs 4 to 6.
( graph 4) - foam producing test according to a mixing ratio of an aqueous foaming agent to water
( graph 5) - foam producing test according to an amount of FM-200
(graph 6) - foam producing test according to a variation of an amount of an aqueous foaming agent dissolved in water (FM-200)
As is understood from the above graphs, since
FM-200 has a higher latent evaporation heat than Halon
1301 and has low steam pressure, FM-200 does not
sufficiently evaporate, so it cannot effectively expand
foam. However, when the mixing ratio of the aqueous foam
agent to water is 25 volume percent and the amount of
FM-200 is 0.5 kg, 601 of foam is discharged. Though the
amount of discharged foam is less than that of Halon
which discharges 751 of foam, FM-200 is preferable to use
as an incombustible liquified gas because it does not
contaminate the natural environment.
In addition, according to the present invention,
when an incombustible liquified gas having a low
evaporation heat is used as the substitute material, it
is possible to mix carbon dioxide having a high
evaporation heat with the incombustible liquified gas.
Carbon dioxide can be added to the incombustible
liquified gas up to 50 percent with respect to the total
amount of the incombustible liquified gas. In this case,
an 10 weight percent of ethylene glycol is preferably
added to the aqueous foaming agent. Ethylene glycol is a
sort of an anti-freezing solution, so it may prevent foam
from freezing while foam is being discharged from the
pressure vessel.
As described above, the fire-extinguishing agent
composition of the present invention can generate foam,
which produces a film on the combustible material so that
the fire is isolated from the oxygen of the air, thereby
extinguishing the fire. At the same time, the
fire-extinguishing agent composition of the present
invention can dilute the density of the oxygen in the air
by the incombustible liquified gas, which is contained in
foam and is come out therefrom when foam bursts, thereby
improving the fire-extinguishing effect.
While the present invention has been particularly
shown and described with reference to a preferred
embodiment thereof, it will be understood by those
skilled in the art that various changes in form and
detail may be effected therein without departing from the
spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the
appended claims.