"GRAVITATIONAL MECHANISM"

TECHNICAL FIELD The invention of which there is no previous example, consists in a elementary mechanism fed by force of gravity capable of producing indefinite work (till the halt for wear and tear of its components).

DISCLOSURE OF INVENTION: The idea comes from the necessity to build a mechanism capable of producing work without wasting and polluting.

It consists in a gravitational mechanism characterized by its own system based on a steady barycentre decentralization of a vertical rotating wheel (or other suitable vertical rotating body), in motion on bearings, set out by path/ travel conditioners that allow the staples to revolve with its own axis in the bearing holes, ready on the crown of the vertical wheel (or other suitable vertical rotating body) in motion, keeping the steady position of maximum unbalancing.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS: The attached drawings, to which they refer to, illustrating the gravitational mechanism and the elements (parts) useful to it, have a purely explanatory purpose. Fig.1 shows, in plan, the two sides (front; back/rear seen in the glass) of the same mechanism complete of the basic parts which are: wheel (11), characterized by bearing holes that fits the axis (14) of the staples, each one supplied with two arms, (IS) and (16), characterized by small wheels (17), (18), (19) and (20) running on path/travel conditioners, (22), (23), (24) and (2S); other parts non original in the function. FIG.2 shows, in plan, the mechanism seen in profile (from left of the drawings- it doesn't emphasize the non influenced overlapping small wheels); FIG.3 (axonometric description) shows the staple in its wholeness; FIG. 4 and 5 (axonometric description) illustrate the way to strengthen the mechanism, using rotating reciprocating bodies, and "rickety" staples with one arm longer than the other one.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION:

The invention will be now illustrated with reference to Fig.1 ,2 and 3: We portray the crown of the wheel (11) with bearing holes in pairs diametrically opposed, parallel to the axis of rotation, equidistant from the wheel centre, and one from the other. The example here used shows two pairs of bearing holes, but the number (of pairs) could vary.

In every bearing holes, properly splined to facilitate the lubrication, we insert an axis (14) (axis equipped to prevent axial movement) whose ends, protruding on the crown sides, equipped for an integral link, there are two arms, (IS) and (16) parallel to each other, one on each end: as a whole, the two arms plus the axis which link them, it forms a staple (Fig.3). The wheel (11), characterized by the staples into the bearing holes, rotates with its own axis at the same time, (axis equipped for the movement transmission to other mechanism) fitted on bearings (12) (bearings properly spaced out,in order to give space to the other mechanism parts) fixed to the base plate (13) characterized, at the centre, by a hollow that will be mentioned later. The arms length of each staple must be compatible with the manoeuvre space that the rotation axis (11), and the other adjacent staples on the crown of the rotation axis, allow. The arms shape must set the barycentre (for greater effectiveness), as much as possible, at the ends of them; on the arm (IS), protruding on the external side, must be placed the small wheel (17) and (18); "18" must be more protruding over the small wheel (17) ; the arm (16), at the back of wheel (11), is equipped with a small tail, where are set, protruding on the external side, the small wheel (19) and (20); the latter, "20", must be more protruding over the small wheel (19). The four small wheels (as it will be seen later) must run on separate tracks. The position, either of the small wheel (17) or (18) on the arm (IS), as well as the small wheel (19) and (20) on the tail of the arm (16), bounds the base of the perfect (ideal) triangle with the third vertex on the axis (14) of the staple. The reason for this layout and the function of the small wheel will be mentioned later. The staples, so characterized, should be influenced in the position of maximum unbalancing by path/travel conditioners. The latter are four tracks, two of which, (22) and (24), show an intrados of 90° (plus a small addition (21), well marked- roughly a pair of degrees) having the radius long as the axis distance (14) in the bearing hole, from the centre of the wheel (11), plus the length of a small wheel of the staples (the small wheels are all the same); the other two tracks, (23) and (2S), show an extrados of 90° (plus a small addition (21), well marked- roughly a pair of degrees) having the arm just as long as the axis distance (14), in the bearing hole, from the centre of the wheel (11), minus the length of the radius of a small wheel of the staples. To facilitate the correct assembly of tracks (22) and (24), the two long orthogonal sides of their body, must be perpendicular to the extension of the two orthogonal radiuses that bound the 90° arch. To facilitate the correct assembly of tracks (23) and (2S), of the two orthogonal sides of their body, one pounces and exceeds one of the two orthogonal radius that bound the 90° arch, the other side is parallel to the other radius. Each track serves a small wheel of the staple. To position track (22) and (24) you ought to, before everything else, hold up the wheel (11), so that the two staples diametrically opposed, find themselves with the axis (14), on the vertical diameter.

To position tracks (23) and (2S), it is necessary to unlock the wheel (11) and block it again, so that the two staples diametrically opposed, find themselves with the axis (14), on the horizontal diameter (in this case, the release and re-locking operation isn't necessary because we have two pairs of staples, but if they were three, the operation would be inevitable.

In positioning every track, the staple of reference has to get into a thoroughly horizontal position (maximum unbalancing- the most functional) and each positioned track must show one of the long orthogonal sides perfectly vertical (therefore the other side will result/be perfectly horizontal). The bearing of each track, better if equipped with three-dimensional adjuster for an easy setting, must be fixed on the base plate (13) (the bearings, parts non original in the function, are slightly shown in the drawings, in order to prevent overlapping of lines which would make less clear the definition of the basic parts, original in the functions).

Each track is set under the small wheel of reference, in the position mentioned below: Track (22) (front), which serves the small wheel (17) of the arm (IS), in position, should have the track initial point (26) on the vertical that goes through the axis of the small wheel (17); the small wheel (17) tangent to the track initial point (26) (arm (IS) in a thoroughly horizontal position) .

Track (23) (front), which serves the small wheel (18) of the arm (IS), in position, should have the track initial point (27) on the horizontal line that goes through the axis of the small wheel (18); the small wheel (18) tangent to the track initial point (27) (arm (IS) in a thoroughly horizontal position). Track (24) (back/rear), which serves the small wheel (19) on the arm tail (16), in position, should have the track initial point (28) on the vertical that goes through the axis of the small wheel (19); the small wheel (19) tangent to the track initial point (28) (arm (16) in a thoroughly horizontal position). Track (2S) (back/rear), which serves the small wheel (20) on the arm tail (16), in position, should have the track initial point (29) on the horizontal line that goes through the axis of the small wheel (20); the small wheel (20) tangent to the track initial point (29) (arm (16) in a thoroughly horizontal position).

As we can see observing the drawings, each pair of staples diametrically opposed is simultaneously influenced, so that, while track (22), in front, influences the run of the small wheel (17), at the same time the track (24), on the back, influences the run of the small wheel (19); the same is for track (23), in front, which influences the run of the small wheel (18) simultaneously with track (2S), on the back, that influences the run of the small wheel (20). Every small wheel running on its own track, ends its own run when the other, thanks to the small addition (21), which allows the advance, has just started running on the following track.

Moreover, the small addition (21), helps to ensure the mechanism functioning, even when its own components begin to wear out.

The "pushed aside" position of the bearing hole, that fits the axis (14) of the staples in horizontal position (front), with respect to the small wheel (17) and (18), higher than the small wheel (17), and shorter than the small wheel (18), facilitates the towing action and ensure the exchange between track (22) and (23), allowing the small wheel (18) only one way of escaping, upwards. The other exchanges (not in ascent) between track (23), in front, and track (24), on the back, between tracks (24) and (25), on the back, between track (25), on the back, and track (22) in front, are logically induced. The mechanism needs a constant oiling. To this purpose, two small arms, (31) and (32), diametrically opposed (even more pairs), will be fixed to the (wheel) rim (11), following the ideal extension of the radius; the end of each arm will be characterized by a dowel protruding on the sides, parallel to the axis of the wheel (11), to which will be hung, free to rotate, two small buckets, one for each side.

At every turn of the wheel (11), the small buckets of the arms (31) and (32) "will fish" in the oil bowl (33), down, at the centre of the base plate (13), to pour it again in the two bowls upwards, (34) in front, (35) on the back.

The two small bowls, (34) and (35), steadily held by a bearing (36) anchored to the base plate (13), will be positioned (over the vertical diameter of the wheel (11) ) in such a way as to obstruct the run of the small buckets, forcing them to tilt in order to overcome the obstacle, and then pouring again the oil in the same small bowls, (34) and (35) that, characterized by small holes and a metal "downVbeard", or other suitable material (for an even distribution of the oil), will let fall oil droplets all over the mechanism in rotation and on the bearings (12), each one characterized by an opening on the cap between a pedestal box (bearing) and the other one. All the oil in continuous fall, regained from the base plate (13), will flow in the small bowls (33). The base plate (13), will be characterized by an external flat band (37), and equipped with high edges (not shown in the drawings) in order to regain the entirety of the oil. The whole (will be) protected by an inspection compartment with hermetic sealing. The mechanism could be made of metal, or metal alloys, or metal combinations, or in every suitable other material or combination of materials.

Obviously, except the circular property of the axes and respective bearings of the dowels, and the arched part of the tracks, the elements /parts forming the mechanism could change in the number, shape, and sizes, without, for that purpose, get out from the field of the invention. The mechanism is ready: we have the maximum unbalancing of the staples that defines the decentralization of the wheel barycentre. Unlocking the wheel (11), the mechanism, due to the gravity, will begin to turn in order to get into the position of steady equilibrium. It will carry on turning because the work generated in redescending phase is greater than the work needed for the ascent. Let's see the reason (for this) with the aid of Fig.1 and 2 :

The staples, thanks to tracks (24) and (25), (back/rear) that influence the run of the small wheels (19) and (20), keep the position of maximum unbalancing and go down again (redescend), due to the gravity, without doing any work, except for the one needed to overcome the friction of the staples axis into the bearing holes, and the small wheels under the respective tracks; the staples barycentre, far from the centre of the wheel (11), beyond its crown, increase the power of every staple. As opposed to, in ascenting phase (front), the respective staples diametrically opposed, thanks to tracks (22) and (23) that influence the run of the small wheels (17) and (18), keep the position of maximum unbalancing, and get the barycentre inside the crown next to the axis of the wheel (11), reducing greatly the resistance of each staple.

Moreover, tracks (22) and (23), while influencing the run of the small wheels (17) and

(18) hold up the staples, allowing each one to be towed, before pulled, then pushed with a substantial further reduction of resistance, because the staples are not of burden in the bearing hole as a hung body, but in reduced measure because they are towed (to make a comparison: just think at the effort that one does to carry a suitcase, lifting it, and the effort one does to carry the same suitcase to which we have put the wheel, towing it),

The difference (gap) between power and resistance, for the position that the staples take on, and for the support the tracks allow them in the ascent phase, is significant; the work that the mechanism produces is greater than the work spent to self feed itself.

Increasing the size of the mechanism, it increases its power.

The mechanism in motion can be compared with a lever in continuous sequence, where the fulcrum is the wheel axis; the power arm is made up of staples that spread out themselves in redescending phase, moving away with the barycentre from the wheel centre (from the fulcrum); the resistance arm is made up of staples that refold, in ascenting phase, getting closer with the barycentre to the wheel centre (to the fulcrum). The lever principle says that extending the power arm, even a greater resistance can be beaten. We can adopt the above-named principle to increase, greatly (in the limits of a good saving), the mechanism power.

In order to do this, we need to overcome the obstacle consisting in die rotation axis that limits the length of both the staple arms. For this purpose, it is necessary to adopt a rotating body (38) (Fig.4), formed by two wheels parallel linked, at the centre, by a cylindrical body as a function of axis, not prominent on the external sides of the two wheels, so that the bearing (40), which has to hold up the mechanism, can operate inside between the two wheels.

The rotating body (39) (Fig.S), showing two rods instead of two wheels, is here shown as an example of alternative rotating body. Though, with modified parts it is identical, in essence, to the basic mechanism of a wheel (the same functional system, and the same functions of the constitutive parts).

Over specially fitted rotating bodies (with double wheel or rod) "rickety" staples could be assembled, which show a short arm, the one with the small tail, that will operate in the manoeuvre space that the rotation axis, between the two wheels, (or rods), allows, and a long arm, not influenced by the rotation axis that will operate outside the two wheels (or rods).

Adopting staples (43) with long arm, whose length is comprised in the manoeuvre space that a staple allows to the other staple diametrically opposed, on the rotating body (39) (or 38), could be assembled two pairs of opposed staples, a pair on the horizontal rod (or diameter), the other pair on the vertical rod (or diameter). Adopting staples (42) with long arm, whose length exceeds the rotating body diameter (38), on the same, could be assembled only two staples, one on a wheel, the other, diametrically opposed, on the other wheel. Each wheel (or rod) of the rotating body with double wheel (or double rod), even though it has only one staple, needs four path/travel conditioners, two serving the small wheels of the staple external arm, and two serving the small wheels on the tail of the staple internal arm. The path/travel conditioners and other parts, modified in the number and/or in the shape, and/or in the sizes, are assembled following the same instructions already mentioned to assemble the basic mechanism to a wheel.

If we take various mechanisms and line them up, one after the other, (one or more parallel lines), with each pair (of staples diametrically opposed) arranged in a way that a pair follows the other one with gradual progression, and link them (the mechanisms) to a single shaft, we will give substance to a top mechanism, able to produce large amount of work, according to need. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY:

The gravitational mechanism, which doesn't produce any kind of pollution, ςould be used to supply several other machines.