| US6902370B2 | 2005-06-07 | |||
| KR20090042895A | 2009-05-04 |
| English Claims Claims [claim 1] Hybrid smart blade with decentralized pitch control and vertical force reducer blade and adjustable length comprising: A fix region of blade, wherein is mounted to hub; At least a moveable region of blade, wherein is moved inside the fix region of blade to change the length of blade; An aerodynamic region of blade, wherein is installed to moveable region of blade; A anti-crash region of blade, wherein is mounted to aerodynamic section with hinge mechanism; and At least a vertical force reducer system, wherein is installed to the aerodynamic region of blade and reduce vertical force of the tip region of blade. [claim2] According to claim 1 , the fix region of blade comprising: A root section, wherein is mounted to hub; A base of fix region, wherein is stuck to root section and transfer all forces from others section of blade to the root section; and At least a fix region segment, wherein is mounted to the base of fix region and transfer wind power to the base of fix region; At least two roller holders, wherein is installed to entrance of the base of fix region; At least two Inflatable structure, wherein are installed inside of the base of fix region and inflate in operation mode and deflate in changing length mode. [claim3] According to claim 2, the fix region segment comprising: At least two tail reinforce structures of fix region, wherein are mounted to the base of fix region and transfer forces from tail area of blade’s skin to base of fix region; At least two lead reinforce structures of fix region, wherein are mounted to the base of fix region and transfer forces from lead area of blade’s skin to base of fix region; A blade’s skin, wherein is mounted to tail and lead reinforce structure of fix region and absorb energy from wind and transfer this energy to tail and lead reinforce structure of fix region. [claim4] According to claim 2, the fix region segment future comprising: At least two flexible hollow structure, wherein are placed between two side of the base of fix region and blade’s skin and regular inner pressure according to the pressure on the skin’s blade surface on this area. [claim5] According to claim 3, the tail reinforce structure of fix region comprising: A fix plate, wherein is mounted to the base of fix region and transfer all forces from reinforce plate to the base of fix region; English Claims A pitch control system, wherein is mounted to the fix plate and adjust reinforce plate rotation movement; A reinforce plate, wherein is mounted to the pitch control system and transfer forces from blade’s skin to pitch control system. [claim6] According to claim 5, the pitch control system comprising: A cure rail, wherein is installed to fix plate and slider is move on it; A slider, wherein is installed to reinforce plate and slide to the curve rail; At least a slider control system wherein controls slider movement. [claim?] According to claim 3 to 6, all parts of tail reinforce structure is similar to lead reinforce structure. [claim8] According to claim 1 , the moveable region of blade comprising: A base of moveable region, wherein is mounted to the base of fix region and transfer all of forces from moveable region segments and aerodynamic region and anti-crash region of blade to base of fix region; At least a moveable region segment, wherein is installed to base of moveable region and transfer wind power to moveable region base; and A holder aerodynamic region structure, wherein hold aerodynamic region of blade and adjust rotation of aerodynamic region of blade; At least two holder wheels, wherein are installed to end of the base of moveable region, toward of fix region of blade and hold moveable region in changing length of blade; At least two Inflatable structure, wherein are installed to end of the base of moveable region, toward fix region of blade and inflate in operation mode and deflate in changing length mode. [claim9] According to claim 8, moveable region segment comprising: two side reinforce structure in tail side, wherein are mounted to the base of moveable region of blade and are placed two side of moveable region segment and transfer forces from skin plates to the base of moveable region of blade; two side reinforce structure in lead side, wherein is mounted to the base of moveable region of blade and are placed two side of moveable region segment and transfer forces from skin plates to the base of moveable region; at least one middle reinforce structure in tail side, wherein is mounted to the base of moveable region and are placed between two side reinforce structures and transfer forces from skin plates set to the base of moveable region; at least one middle reinforce structure in lead side, wherein is mounted to the base of moveable region of blade and are placed between two side reinforce structures and transfer forces from skin plates to the base of moveable region; and English Claims A skin plates set, wherein are mounted to two side reinforce structure and middle reinforce structures and transfer wind energy from wind to two side reinforce structure and middle reinforce structure. [claimIO] According to claim 9, side reinforce structure in tail side comprising: A base plate, wherein is fixed to base of moveable region; A pitch control system of movable region segment, wherein is installed to the base plate and additional rotate other part of side reinforce structure, increase thickness of airfoil shape; Two moveable plate structure, wherein locate skin plates in collect and extend mode and transfer forces from the skin plates to the pitch control system in operation mode and connected together with hinge mechanism. [claiml 1] According to claim 10, the pitch control system of movable region segment comprising: A curve rail, wherein is installed to the base plate; A slider, wherein slide on curve rail; Two vertical sliders, wherein slide on the slider in vertical direct and is mounted to moveable plate structure; A big gear, wherein is mounted to the base plate; An upper small gear set, wherein is mounted to the slider and engaged with upper rack gear and big gear; An upper rack gear, where is fixed to the vertical slider; A below small gear set, wherein is mounted to slider and engage with big gear and intermediatory gear; An intermediatory gear, wherein engage with small gear set and below rack gear; and A below rack gear, wherein is fixed to vertical slider. [claim12] According to claim 11 , the vertical slider comprising: A base; wherein is connected to holder arm by hinge mechanism and let to holder arm to turn around of hinge axis; A holder arm; wherein is connected to base by hinge mechanism and turn around hinge axis; A hinge control system, wherein is installed to the base and control of hinge movement. [claiml 3] According to claim 11 , the upper and below small gear set comprising: A Gear; A sprocket, wherein is fixed to gear. [claim14] According to claim 11 , the upper small gear set and the below small gear set is connected together by chain. [claim15] According to claim 10, the moveable plate structure comprising: A chord adjustment system, wherein is connected to the holder arm and reinforce plate and increase and decrease the chord size; and English Claims A reinforce plate structure, wherein locate skin plates and transfer forces from skin plates to holder arm. [claim16] According to claim 15, the chord adjustment system comprising: A slider, wherein is mounted to holder arm; A reinforce guide rail, wherein is fixed to reinforce plate structure and slide in slider and let to reinforce plate to move; A chord system control, wherein is mounted to reinforce plate and other side is mounted to holder arm and adjust the length of chord. [claim17] According to claim 15, the reinforce plate structure comprising: A reinforce plate; A skin plates guide rail, wherein locate skin plate; A wire rope drive system, wherein move plate to collected and extended location and is used a wire rope system and two side of wire rope is fixed to end skin plate and neighbor skin plate connected together with a piece of wire rope. [claim 18] According to claim 9 to 17, side tail reinforces structure and side lead reinforce structure are similar together in detail and parts. [claim19] According to claim 9, middle reinforce structure in tail side comprising: A middle base plate, wherein is mounted to base of moveable region with hinge mechanism and is controlled by rotation system control; A pitch control system of moveable region segment, wherein is installed to the base plate and additional rotate other part of middle reinforce structure, increase thickness of airfoil shape; two moveable reinforce plates of middle reinforce structure, wherein hold skin plates and transfer forces from the skin plates to the pitch control system and connected together with hinge mechanism. [claim20] According to claim 19, the pitch control system in middle reinforce structure is similar to side reinforce structure and has one difference, wherein vertical slider and holder arm fix together. [claim21] According to claim 19, the moveable reinforce plate of middle reinforce structure comprising: At least one reinforces plate, wherein latching to skin plates and is mounted to Chord adjustment system. Chord adjustment system, wherein is connected to pitch control system and additional increase the chord, in collect skin plate operation, chord adjustment system collect reinforce plate. [claim22] According to claim21 , in upper than one reinforces plate in tail side, the moveable reinforce plates of middle reinforces structure future comprising: A collected and extended system, wherein is connected between two reinforce plate and has similar mechanism with change chord system. [claim23] According to claim 9, the skin plate structure is designed in separated model and hinge connection model. English Claims [claim24] According to claim 23, the separated model of the skin plate structure comprising: At least six plate sets, wherein at least two plate sets are installed in upper side of tail section and two plate sets are installed to below side of tail section and other two plate sets are installed to lead section; Two connection plate system, wherein is installed to vertical slider and is connected to plate sets from upper lead side to upper tail side; and A Cover, wherein is covered all of plate sets and connection plates system and is stuck to connection plates and two end of tail and lead side. [claim25] According to claim 24, the plate set comprising: A core plate, wherein has a dig shape to fasten with middle reinforce plate; At least two wheels, wherein is mounted to core plate and move in guide rail of two side reinforce structure; and A vacuum plate, wherein is fixed to core plate and stick cover to plate set. [claim26] According to claim 24, connection plate comprising: A tail connection section, wherein connect to tail side of vertical slider; A lead connection section, wherein connect to lead side of vertical slider; At least two chord plate, wherein is moved in side of tail and lead connection section and is connected to side reinforce section; Middle plate, wherein connects tail connection section to lead connection section; Hollow flexible part, wherein is installed between movable region base and middle plate and is adjusted inside pressure according pressure that wind make on middle surface. [claim27] According to claim 23, the hinge model of skin plate comprising: At least four plate sets of hinge model, wherein at least one plate set is installed in upper side of tail section and at least one plate set is installed to below side of tail section and at least two plate sets are installed to two side of lead section; Two connection plate system, wherein is installed to vertical slider and are connected to plate sets; and A Cover, wherein is covered all of the plate sets and the connection plates system and is stuck to connection plates and all of plate sets. [claim28] According to claim 27, the plate set of hinge comprising: A core plate; wherein has a dig shape for fasten with middle reinforce plate; two hinge plate, wherein is installed to two neighbor core plate with hinge mechanism; English Claims four gears, wherein two of gears are fixed to core plate and every gear rotation axis is placed in hinge joint axis of core plate and hinge plate; at least one wheel, wherein is installed to one of hinge plate and this wheel move in guide rail of side of reinforce structure. [claim29] According to claim 25 and 27 , inside section of plate set of separate model and plate set of hinge model has solar panel. [claim30] According to claim 8, the holder aerodynamic region of blade structure comprising: At least two roll bearing, wherein is installed to base of moveable region of blade and aerodynamic region of blade is installed to inside of roll bearing; A Big gear; wherein installed to aero dynamic region of blade: A small gear, wherein is installed to motor and gear box; and Motor and gearbox, wherein is mounted to the base of moveable region of blade. [claim31] According to claim 1 , the vertical force reducer system comprising: At least two vertical force reducer wire rope, wherein connect hub to the aerodynamic region of blade; At least one vertical force reducer blade, wherein is installed around wire rope for reduce drag force. [claim32] According to claim 1 , anti-crash region of blade comprising: A base blade, wherein is installed to aerodynamic region of blade with hinge mechanism; A guide blade, wherein is mounted to base blade and control base blade; At least one Connection wire rope, wherein connects guide blade to base blade in tip section; Angle attack adjustment system; wherein is mounted to base blade and set angle of attack of guide blade. [claim33] Method of hybrid smart blade with decentralized pitch control and vertical force reducer blade and adjustable length comprising: Method of decentralize pitch control; Method of decentralize pitch control with increase thickness; Method of collecting and extending separate model of plate set; Method of collecting and extending hinge model of plate set; Method of changing length of blade; Method of anti-crash system. [claim34] According to claim 33, Method of decentralize pitch control comprising: The blade divided to at least two region and every region has a solid base and the skin’s blade of every region has at least one segment and every segment has pitch control system. [claim35] According to claim 33, Method of decentralize pitch control with increase thickness comprising: English Claims decentralize pitch control with increase thickness additional rotate and increase and decrease angle of attack, with changing angle of segment the thickness of blade is increased. [claim36] According to claim33, Method of collecting and extending separate model of skin plate set comprising: Every segment which is equipped with collecting and extending skin plate set, the reinforce structure should be collected and for collecting skin plate in the first, middle reinforce collect and turn until reach to the base of region; after that the plate is collected by collected wire rope system; this skin plates separate from together and the wire rope of collected wire rope system move the last skin blade in tail and lead side and the last skin plate push other plate and all of plates is moved the guide rail of two side reinforce structure and reach to collecting location and the last step two side reinforce structure turn until reach to the skin plate. According to claim 33, Method of collecting and extending hinge model of skin plate set comprising: Hinge model similar to separate model with some differences; between every core plate, a hinge plate exist and hinge plate is connected with core plate with hinge mechanism and every core plate has two gear which engage with gears of neighbor core plate and when every core plate turn, the neighbor core plate turn in opposite direct and one in between of hinge plate has wheel which move inside of guide rail of side reinforce structure. [claim37] According to claim 33, Method of changing length of blade comprising: When the blade is in changing length mode, all of moveable region segment and tip section of blade is turned to zero angle of attack ; the nearest moveable region segment to fix region is collected and the inflatable structure of fix region and moveable region is deflated; inside of hub exist an pully and every movable region is connected with pully by at least one wire rope and the pully is mounted to the clutch and other side of clutch is fixed to nacelle; when the blades are rotating and clutch is not activated the pully turns with blades and when the clutch is activated the pully is fixed and at least one wire rope turn around the pully and the collected segment goes inside of fix region of blade. [claim38] According to claim 33, Method of anti-crash system comprising: The end section of base blade of anti-crash system exists a guide blade which is perpendicular with base blade and angle of attack of guide blade is sat by angle adjustment system and angle of attack determine lifting force of guide blade and guide blade adjust bending of base blade. |
Title Of Invention: Hybrid smart blade with decentralized pitch control and vertical force reducer blade and adjustable length
Technical Field
[0001] This disclosure relates to renewable energy, especially wind energy and wind turbines.
Background Art
[0002] The retractable blades are divided into two categories. The retracting blades from the tip and all parts of blade produce energy and the space of the retractable part must be considered inside the previous part (US2713393-US200302223868- US20030230230898-US20100158687-W02009095758) the second group is collected from the root, the first part close to hub don’t produce energy, in fact the root part is fixed and the tip of the blade has a space that accommodates the root part.
[0003] Regarding the changing cross section of blades, the inventions (EP3587798- EP2610127) mostly have mechanism, especially in the tail section of the blade, which changes the angle of attack, and the inventions (GB2332894- JP2013217372-US7632068-US9086054) tail separately is moved by mechanisms. The invention of the EP2341245, tail and lead are moved by a hinged mechanism, US7938623 is made from a solid center and a shall, the space between is filled with air. purpose of this invention is a method for easy transportation.
Technical Problem
[0004] the one problem of exist horizontal wind turbine blade is central pitch control system, wind speed is not constant and change frequently. But central pitch control is very slow and this system can’t adjust quickly, in other side the blade is very long and liner velocity of every section is different and only thing is different between sections is twist angle, all of this point decrease efference of wind turbine.
[0005] In wind turbine with constant length of blade, is not used of blade potential in under rate speed (wind speed) and isn’t used of wind power in upper rate speed because of limitation in tip speed and in high speed of wind ,the blades could take damage, another problem with constant length of blade is in transportation. Today English Description the length of blade in off shore reach to 120 m and in on shore reach to 100m. transportation and installation of these blade is very hard and expensive.
[0006] The blade change wind power to two main forces. Fx wherein it is turn blade and generator and Fy which is useless. Fy is bigger multi time than Fx. Fy is critical in tip section because this force make enormous torque in root section of blade. Traditional blade design increase strength of root section. in fact is used more expensive material and increase the wight of blade.
[0007] In long blade the important section of blade is tip region of blade because distance of this region to hub. in design of long blade is used of prebending method. That’s mean the blade is made with a little bending for prevent of crash tip of blade with tower in operation mode. But this method is not work correctly and designer reduce chord of blade on this region. That’s mean reduce efficiencies of wind turbine.
[0008] In middle of sea About 50% of time in years, wind speed is in under cut-in speed and wind turbine doesn’t work. The wind turbine has potential for trace sunlight and make energy from sun.
Solution to Problem
[0009] For solve the first problem, decentralize pitch control is designed. For reach to decentralize pitch control, the blade skin divided to several section and every section has specific pitch control system, this system is so fast and adjust system to best angle of attack.
[0010] For solve transportation and constant length of blade, the blade with adjustment length is designed. in fact the blade is divided to 3 section and transportation of this blade is very easy. Also, the one of section move inside of other section and change the length of blade.
[0011] The best method for solve of vertical issue is, transfer vertical force from tip section to hub directly. That’s mean is used vertical force reducer system (include wire rope and blade) for transfer forces to hub. If the length of blade is 120m, the length of blade could reach to 140m in under rate speed in result make more energy and in upper rate speed the length of blade is reduce and regarding to English Description maximum of tip speed, when the length decreases, rotation speed increase and the output power increase.
[0012] For prevent of crash between tip section of blade and tower, amount of bending of the tip section of blade is controlled by itself and connected to previous section with hinge mechanism.
Every section has solar panel inside of section and sections is opened in low speed of wind.
Advantageous Effects of Invention
[0013] The present invention is used of decentralize pitch control and adjustment length system without any changing in shape of airfoil and without any negative effect to efficiency. in fact the transfer forces between two section is in such a way that stresses distribute on the surface of bases. Also, for changing the length of blade, the external power(electromotor) doesn’t need and the power is provided from power is absorbed by wind, other advantageous of this invention is vertical force reduce system which also reduce vertical force and reduce wight of blade, improve life time of blade by reduce fatigue stress on root section. And anti-crash system which additional control of tip section of blade, it is act like damper and reduce fatigue stress on root section.
Brief Description of Drawings
[0014] [Fig.1] smart blade parts.
[0015] [Fig.2] detail of fix region.
[0016] [Fig.3] detail of fix region segment.
[0017] [Fig.4] the place of installation flexible hollow structure.
[0018] [Fig.5] detail of moveable region of blade.
[0019] [Fig.6] detail of moveable region segment.
[0020] [Fig.7] progress of retracting.
[0021] [Fig.8] covering method.
[0022] [Fig.9] connect two neighbor skin plate.
[0023] [Fig.10] hinge model of skin plate set. English Description
[0024] [Fig.11] how chord system worked.
[0025] [Fig.12] pitch control system with increase thickness.
[0026] [Fig.13] hybrid skin plate.
[0027] [fig.14] holder aerodynamic region.
[0028] [fig.15] how increase and decrease blade length.
[0029] [fig.16] detail of vertical force reducer system.
[0030] [fig.17] detail anti-crash region of blade.
Description of Embodiments
[0031] Figure 1 shows the smart blade parts, smart blade includes of fix region of blade (1), movable region of blade (2) and aerodynamic region of blade (3) and anti-crash region of blade (4). Fix region (1) is installed to hub (5). movable region (2) is retracted or extended according wind speed and reduce or increase length of blade, tip region of blade (4) is designed for prevent of clash tip section of blade to tower, in this figure (6) is vertical force reducer system.
[0032] In figure 2a shows detail of fix region (1) and figure 2b shows fix region (1) without fix region segment (8). the fix region (1) is made of root section (9), several fix region segment (8) and base of fix region (10).
[0033] In figure 3a shows detail of the fix region segment (8) without blade’s skin (15) and figure 3b shows detail of the fix region segment (8) with blade’s skin (15). every fix region segment (8) has specific pitch control system which adjust angle of attack according wind speed. For reach to this goal, is used several reinforce plate structure (12) and these plates is mounted to pitch control system (13) and pitch control system (13) is mounted to fix plate (14a). The reinforce plate structure (12) include of tail reinforce structure of fix region(12a) and lead reinforce structure of fix region(12b). pitch control system of fix region (13) includes of curve rail (14). slider (13a) slide on curve rail (14) and slider(13a) is installed to tail reinforce structure of fix region (12a). pitch control system (13) is controlled by slider control system (16) which is selected hydraulic piston or pneumatic piston, every reinforce plate has pitch control system (13). reinforce plate’s structure (12) is installed inside of blade's skin (15). in smart blade, base of fix region (10) is fixed and blade’s skin English Description
(15) and reinforce plates structure (12) is rotated by pitch control system (13). curve rail (14) is installed to fix plate (14a). (12c) is reinforce plate.
[0034] Figure 4a shows flexible hollow structure (17) and figure 4b shows rotation of fix region segment (8). connection plate area (19) connects tail skin area (20) to lead skin area (21). connection plate area (19) is thin because maintain shape of airfoil and prevent to reduce thickness of spar cap (11). For prevent of distortion of connection plates area (19), flexible hollow structure (17) is used, we have minus pressure in top and positive pressure in bottom of airfoil and flexible hollow structure (17a) is filled positive pressure for overcome to bottom pressure and flexible hollow structure (17b) is filled with negative pressure for overcome to top pressure.
[0035] In figure (5) shows detail of moveable region of blade (2). moveable region (2) includes of holder section (22), movable region segment (25) and holder aerodynamic region of blade structure (26) which connect movable region (2) to aerodynamic region of blade (3). (24) is base of moveable region.
[0036] For reduce length of blade in the first moveable region segment (25) is retracted and moveable region (2) go inside fix region (1).
[0037] In figure (6a) shows moveable region segment (25) with cover (27), figure (6b) shows moveable region segment (25) without cover (27) and (6c) shows moveable region segment (25) without cover (27) and skin plates set (28). This region is made of side reinforces structure (29) (side reinforce structure in tail side(29a) and side reinforce structure in tail side(29b)), several middles reinforce structure (30) and several skin plates set (28) and cover (27).
[0038] In figure 7a show the method of collecting and extending middle reinforce structure (30). in figure 7b shows rotation of middle reinforce structure, in figure 7c show of collection of skin plates set (28). in figure 7d shows rotation of side reinforce structure (29) and in figure 7e shows method of fixing skin plates set (28) to middle reinforce structure (30) and 7f shows collecting step of skin plates set (28) in separated model, in the first middle reinforce structure (30) (which is made of base plate (31a) and moveable reinforce plate of middle reinforce plate (31)) is collected by wire rope system (32) and is turn by hydraulic or pneumatic piston (33) and stick English Description to base of movable region (24). two side reinforces structure (29) have skin plate guide rail (34) which guide skin plates set (28) to collected location. Every skin plate set (28) has two wheel (35) which move inside of skin plate guide rail (34). for collecting of skin plates set (28) is used a collecting plate wire rope system (36). Two side of wire rope system (36) is installed to tail plate (37) .in collect, tail plate (37) moves other plate and in extending, every skin plate set (28) is connected to neighbor plate by plates connection wire rope and tail plate (37) pull neighbor plate and every skin plate set (28) pull beside plate, when collecting operation is finished, the two side reinforces (29) is turned by hinge control system (39). for extending, in the first two side reinforces (29) is opened and skin plates set (28) is extended. in the last step middle reinforce plates (30) is extended. Middle reinforces plates (30) have a latching section (40) which is locked on skin plates set (28). all collecting and extending operation in tail section is similar to lead section.
[0039] Because of the skin is made of several plate (skin plate set (28)), we need flexible cover to covering all of space between plates .in figure 8 shows of covering method, the cover (27) is stuck to connection plate system (19) , lead area (38) and tail plate (37). skin plates set (28) are made of core plate (41) vacuum plate (42) and when the moveable region segment (25) is in operation mode, the vacuum plate (42) stick cover (35) to skin plates set (28) and in collecting mode vacuum plate(42) turn off and the cover(35) separate from skin plate set(28).
[0040] In figure (9) shows to connect two neighbor skin plate (28). two skin plates (28) which is installed neighbor together have male and female area (43) for prevent of movement toward perpendicular direct of plate surface.
[0041] In figure (10) shows hinge model which skin plate set (28) include of: a core plate (28a) and two hinge plate (43) where two hinge plate (43) are connected to two side of core plate(28a). in figure (10b) shows step of collecting skin plate set (28) in hinge model, in this design we don’t need vacuum plate (42) and the cover (27) is stuck to skin plates set (28) permanently. Two neighbor skin plates set (28) have gear (44) and these gears engage together. Hinge connection and gears engagement improve strength in operation mode and collecting and extending mode, also is fixed two neighbor plate together, this system similar to separated plate model but have some difference. One of these differences is, the core English Description plate(28a) isn’t connected to skin plate guide rail (34) directly and hinge plates (43) are connected one in between to guide rail (34) and collecting plate wire rope drive system (36) is installed to last hinge plate (43). (43a) is wheel for move hinge plate (43) which is connected to skin plate guide rail (34).
[0042] The moveable region segment (25) has a mechanism for increase and decrease size of chord .in the figure (11) shows the increase and decrease chord system, every reinforce plate (two side reinforce plate structure (29) and middle reinforce plate structure (30)) is connected to pitch control system (13) by chord adjustment system (46). chord adjustment system (46) includes of holder arm (47) and reinforce guide rail (48). this system is adjusted by chord system control (49). the reinforce guide rail (48) is fixed to reinforce plate(12c) and slider (46a) is mounted to holder arm (47). when chord system control (49) is active the reinforce plate (12c) is moved and chord increase. When chord length is increased, a space exists between skin plate set (28) and connection plate system (19). For filling this space, a chord plate (19a) exists inside of tail connection section(19c) and lead connection section (19d) which is connected to skin plate set (28). connection plate system(19) is installed to base of vertical slider(52a) by section(19e).
[0043] The spar cap is most important section of blade and this part transfer all of forces and torques to hub (5). Actually, it is base of blade. The almost of blade wight is spar cap wight. For rotation system which discuss in previous paragraph, we should remove edge of spar cap. We should compensatory in other section and add material in below of spar cap. That means we decrease distance between center mass and neutral axis. in result is increased wight of blade .this is sensitive in tip area of blade where thickness is minimum. in figure (12a) shows detail of rotation system with increase thickness of airfoil and (12b) shows rotation system with increase thickness function. in this system when segment is rotated in positive or negative direct the thickness of segment increase slightly .for reach to this target the reinforce plates structure (two side reinforce plate structure (29) and middle reinforce plate structure (30)) is divided to two movable plate structure ( upper section(50) and below section(51)) upper section(50) is connected to the upper vertical slider (52) by chord adjustment system and upper vertical slider(52) is connected to the slider (53). vertical slider include of: base(52a), holder arm (47) . English Description base(52a) and holder arm (47) are connected together with hinge mechanism, a big gear (54) is mounted to the curve rail (14) and upper small gear set (55) is mounted to slider (53). when the segment is rotated in positive direct upper vertical slider (53) is moved up by upper rock gear (57) which is fixed to upper vertical slider (52). Upper and below vertical slider (56) is connected by chain system (58) and when upper small gear set (55) is rotated below small gear set (59) is being rotated too and upper vertical slider (52) and below vertical slider (56) go away from each other and in come back to zero location they close together. Every small gear set include of gear (60a) and Sprocket (60). in positive direct below small gear set (59) don’t engage with big gear (54) and in negative direct upper small gear set (59) don’t engage with big gear (54). (61) is driver of pitch control system. (62) is intermediary gear for change rotation direction of below small gear set (59).
[0044] In figure (13a) shows detail of hybrid skin plate (28) and in figure(13b) a shows solar panel mode, the hybrid skin plate (28) includes core plate(28e) and solar panel (28f). when the speed of wind is under of cut-in wind speed (in almost of horizontal wind turbine cut-in wind speed is 4m/s) in day, the upper section of reinforce plates (50) is rotated and solar panel(28d) make energy.
[0045] In figure (14) shows detail of holder aerodynamic region (26). Aerodynamic region of blade (3) isn’t used decentralize pitch control system because the thickness of blade is very low.in result, is designed integrated and is rotated by holder aerodynamic region (26). Roll bearing (63) is connected between the Aerodynamic region of blade (3) and base of moveable region of blade (24). end of Aerodynamic region of blade (3), big gear (64) is installed and is rotated by small gear(64a). small gear (64a) is mounted to motor and gearbox (65).
[0046] In figure (15a) shows detail of structure in hub (5) in figure (15b) shows of structure for change length of blade and in figure (15c) shows transfer forces between fix and moveable region. For changing length of blade, in the first all of segment and aerodynamic region of blade (3) turn to the attack angle zero location for minimize vertical force. After that, the nearest moveable region segment (25) to fix region of blade (1) is collected and a clutch (66) which exist in hub (5), activate. The moveable region (2) is held by holder moveable region wire rope (67) and holder moveable region wire rope (67) of every blade is mounted to pully (69) which English Description is fixed to clutch (66). other side of the clutch (66) is fixed to Nacelle (68). When the clutch (66) activates, the hub (5) is rotated and cutch (66) is fixed, the holder moveable region wire rope (67) is started to turned around pully (69). in front of fix region (1), roll holder (70) exist, a rail guide (71) is installed to the base of fix region (10). wheels (72) are installed to moveable region holder (22). these wheels (72) move inside of guide rail (71). guide rail system (71) and rolled holder (70) guide moveable region (2) in collecting and extending position, in operation mode, the blade produces enormous vertical force which must transferred from moveable region (2) to fix region (1) perfectly, for this purpose and prevent of concentrated stress in edge, inflatable structure (73) is designed, inflatable structure (73) is installed between moveable region holder (22) and inside base of fix region (10) and this structure help to distributive forces to surface of moveable region holder (2) and inside of base of fix region (10).
[0047] In figure (16) shows vertical force reducer system, the duty of vertical force reducer system (6) is eliminated torque which is made by vertical force of anticrash region of blade (4). For reach to this target vertical force reducer wire rope (74) is used, because of small angle between blade and vertical force reducer wire rope (74), the thick wire rope is used and this wire rope make major drag force and reduce efficiency magnificently. (Drag coefficient of cylinder is 0.35 and drag coefficient of airfoil is very low (for example Airfoil FFA-W3-211 in zero angle of attack is 0.0067)). For solve this problem several wire ropes is used as vertical force reducer wire rope (74) and covered by vertical force reducer blade (75). with this method drag force is reduced magnificently.
[0048] In figure (17a) shows detail anti-crash region of blade and figure 17b show of how anti-crash region of blade is worked. Consider cross section airfoil of base blade (76) (anti-crash region of blade (4) include base blade (76) and guide blade (77)) be in X-Y direction and length of blade be in Z direction. We have two vector speed Vx (rotation speed of this region) an Vy (wind speed) and we don’t have any vector speed in Z direction. These vector speed make Fx and Fy which Fx rotate blade and Fy is vertical force. A guide blade (77) is installed perpendicular of base blade (76). The airfoil cross section of guide blade (77) is in X-Z direct and length is Y direct.in guide blade (77), we have only vector of Vx and Vy is in length direct.in io
English Description result we have Fz (Fcl) and Fx(Fcd). connection wire ropes (78) is installed between base blade(76) and guide blade(77) and transfer Fz to opposite direction of Fy of base blade(4).base blade(76) and guide blade (77) fix together and is mounted to aero dynamic region(3) by hinge mechanism. Anti-crash region of blade could rotate around hinge, angle of attack of guide blade (77) is adjusted by Angle attack adjustment system (79).