b) Brief description of the related art It is known in the art that particular attention and a well define methodology is required to properly achieve a uniform and complete stripping of a worn coat or sealer applied on a substrate (such as a floor). Indeed, it is compulsory before applying a new coating or sealer, to completely remove the old one.

Up to now to be sure that all the old coating or sealer is removed it was necessary to repeat a stripping process twice or several times. Each subsequent stripping must be carried out on all the surface of the substrate initially stripped, and this only for the removal of small spots of coat remains or sealer remains that still adhere to said substrate and are very hard for sight detections (even for professionals). Of course, this drawback is still more accentuated for less trained personnel. Said stripping may be carried out with a chemical remover (e.g., an alkaline solution containing organic solvents) and/or with mechanical devices (especially those using floor maintenance pads).

Such a repetition of the stripping processes, is time

consuming, product consuming and/or energy consuming.

Furthermore, repetitive stripping may result into an excessive worn of the substrate (especially when a mechanical action is exerted on the surface of the substrate) that will contribute to shorten the useful life of said substrate. Example of said substrate may consist of wood, vinyl, asbestos, terrazzo, ect). This means lost of quality and efficiency.

To overcome this drawback, it was proposed in the art to add a chemical sensor directly in sealer and/or coating compositions. More particularly, it was known in the art to embody coating or sealing compositions provided with a color indicator. Examples of such compositions are described in U.S. Patents Nos. 4,070,510 and 4,071,645.

Sensors that are actually incorporated in sealers and/or floor finish and/or spray buffing solution will be revealed by chemical activators intendedly added and optimized in stripper mixtures or any related floor care product. Both chemical sensors and chemical activators are commercially available in large quantities at reasonable cost and lead times.

It is also possible in the art to use different sensors in the sealer and in the floor finish. An adjustment of the concentration of the stripper mixture could then allow to remove the floor finish while allowing to keep intact the sealer. For example, the use of a cleaner excessively alkaline or concentrated will be immediately revealed by the sensor contained in the floor finish.

However, prior art compositions embedding color indicators show the drawbacks of having a bad stability during the useful life of the coating or sealers. Indeed, these coats and seals show, as a function of time, a

deterioration of their optical properties and sensors become to turn colored or fluorescent. Also, sensors may be alterated or reacted with constituents of the coating or the sealer, so as they cannot turn colored or fluorescent when put into a determined condition susceptible to transform the sensor into a colored or fluorescent pigment.

Therefore, there is a strong need for a coating or sealing compositton (especially a clear coating or sealing composition) that has stable optical properties during its shelf life and its useful life, and that, when sensors are present therein, is still capable of turned colored when necessary (i.e., when it is required to remove it from the substrate covered or sealed) to make easier a complete stripping of the coating or sealer from the coated or sealed substrate.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A first object of the present invention is to provide a coating composition or sealing composition (advantageously a clear floor finish composition) that will have an extended shelf life and useful life without suffering deterioration of its color (e.g., for the clear floor finish, it remains clear) and, when it contains at least one sensor (for example a color precursor), it is still capable to have its sensor activated to turn colored under determined conditions (for example under an alkaline treatment).

Another object of the present invention is to provide a coating composition or sealing composition (advantageously a clear floor finish composition) that will be very easy to remove completely, once sensor is turned colored after having been subjected to determined conditions.

Another object of the present invention is to provide

a composition (advantageously a clear floor finish composition) that improve quality and efficiency of floor care maintenance systems.

Another object of the present invention is to provide the following items: - An efficiency indicator for stripping mixtures.

- An indicator to control the washing conditions for floor finishes (to avoid overdosage of alkali in the cleaner).

- An indicator to specify the presence of residual floor finish that are normally undetected.

- An indicator for different layers of coats on a surface (e.g., different sensors in the sealer and the floor finish, or different sensors between the first and last layers of a coating to reveal and mesure the wear of the stack of layers).

- A interactive visual monitoring system allowing a reactant normally contained in a maintenance product (e.g. a cleaning formulation obtained from a concentrate) to activate sensors if the dilution of the concentrate is unsufficient, or a reactant normally contained in a stripping solution to reveal the identity of a coat located at the top of a stack of coats. This interactive visual monitoring system may further allow to measure, specify, reveal and control visually (instantly or periodically) the quality of a work (e.g. a stack of coatings on a floor) without requiring additional investment and while respecting modern application techniques, the intervening parties and the environment.

- A visual monitoring system that is very simple, unavoidably leads to a job well done with a higher accuracy, a sustained productivity and subtantial saves, and allows a reduction of the burden of employees and allows an efficient self control.

- Means for rendering safer the stripping processes by revealing the presence of emulsions on the floor (which is slippery).

- An indicator for applying a floor finish (the floor finish is colored when applied and turns clear when set).

- An indicator where a pressure was applied on the floor finish (thanks to sensors activated by pressure).

Sensors may be used in connection with a wide variety of products, such as stripping mixtures, floor cleaners, surface neutralizers, soaps (e.g., hand soaps, shower soaps, ect.), disinfectants, dishes or clothes cleaning products, industrial products.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a coating composition or sealing composition that is stable for a period of at least one year with respect to the characteristics thanks to the incorporation therein of at least one chemical and/or UV stabilizer and/or antioxidant.

Preferably, this stability is noted for temperatures ranging from -18°C to 50"C.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a layer of coating or sealing or a stack of layers of coating or sealing, each layer being obtained by applying a composition according to the invention on a substrate by any appropriate means, said layer being stable for a period of

at least one year with respect to the characteristics thanks to the incorporation in each layer of at least one chemical and/or UV stabilizer and/or antioxidant.

Examples of means suitable for applying a coating according to the invention may be selected from the group consisting of brushes, roller applicators, flat mops, floor clothes, clothes, sponges, sprinklers, sprayers, scrapers, waxing machines, and all other well known applicators.

Another object of the present invention is the selection of chemical or biochemical or biological sensors (optical, olfactive, sound, ect.).

Sensors are advantageously uniformely distributed in polymer matrix and preferably stabilized for energy levels by proper substances (phenolic or any other materials).

Sensors may also consist of fluorescent sensors. For example, fluorescent sensors may be selected from the group consisting of Beta Naphthol and Coumarin.

Another object of the present invention is a method for protecting a surface, comprising the application of several coats of floor finishes on a substrate to define a stack of coats, at least one coat at the base of the stack defining a composition as defined hereinabove, at least one coat at the top of the stack defining a composition as defined hereinabove, sensor in both coats being differents.

Another object of the present invention is a method for measuring the wear of a floor coating or sealing, especially a floor coating or sealing comprising a stack of at least two coats of distinct coating or sealing material. Each coat embeds a distict sensor (i.e. providing once revealed distinct colors). This method comprise a first step

according to which a revealer is applied on a floor coating or sealing to activate sensors located in the coat located at the top of the stack, a second step for determining whether or not portions of the top coat or seal of the floor coating or sealing disappear (i.e. a distinct color corresponding to the sensors of the underneath coat will be revealed), and then a third step according to which an eraser is applied on the coat or seal at the top of the stack to disactivate the sensors.

More particularly, the invention advantageously relates to a method for measuring the wear of a floor coating or sealing comprising at least one coat or seal embedding a sensor, wherein: A) when the sensor is located in a coat or seal normally at the top of a stack of at least two coats or seals, it comprises the following steps: - applying a revealer on the floor coating or sealing to activate the sensor located in the coat or seal located at the top of the stack, - determining whether or not portions of the top coat or seal have disappear (i.e. lack of coloration), and - applying an eraser on the floor coating or sealing to disactivate the sensor.

B) when the sensor is located in a coat or seal underneath the one normally at the top of a stack of at least two coats or seals, it comprises the following steps: - applying a revealer on the floor coating or sealing to activate the sensor of any portion of the coat or seal now defining a top surface of the floor coating or

sealing in replacement of a disappear portion of the initial top coat or seal, - determining whether or not portions of the top coat or seal have disappear (i.e. coloration), and - applying an eraser on the floor coating or sealing to disactivate the sensor if this latter has been activated.

Advantageously, the revealer consist of a formulation containing in an excipient, a compound that will react with the sensor to activate it (i.e. turn it colored). For example, the revealer may be a basic solution or emulsion.

Advantageously, the eraser may consist of a formulation containing in an appropriate excipient, a compound that will react with the sensor to disactivate it (i.e. return it to its original color, normally to become colorless, transparent). For example, the eraser may be an acidic solution or emulsion.

Also, the invention advantageously relates to a method for measuring the wear of a floor coating or sealing comprising at least two coats or seals embedding a sensor, the sensor of one coat or seal giving a color distinct from the one of the other coat or seal, wherein it comprises the following steps: - applying a revealer on the floor coating or sealing to activate the sensor of any coat or seal portions located at the top of the stack, - determining whether or not portions of the top coat or seal disappear (i.e. contrasting coloration), and

- applying an eraser on the floor coating or sealing to disactivate the sensor.

Of course, once portions of floor coating or sealing are identified as being devoid of the top coat or seal, it may be either possible to apply a fresh replacement coat or seal only on identified portions, or to decide to replace the whole floor covering.

Also, the invention advantageously relates to a method for determining whether or not a maintenance formulation has an appropriate concentration, said method comprising applying a small portion of the maintenance formulation on a floor coating or sealing comprising a top coat or seal provided with sensor embedded therein, determining whether or not the floor coating or sealing turn colored, an then if there is no change of coloration directly using the maintenance formulation, or if color appears, applying an eraser on the colored spot of the floor covering or sealing to disactivate the sensor, an readjusting the concentration of the maintenance formulation.

For example, the substrate may consist of a tile, terazzo, linoleum, vinyl composition flooring, stone, concrete, ect.

Preferably, at least one lower coat is merely intended for protection while at least one upper coat is merely intended for gloss, wear properties, response to buffing, dirt penetration, slip control, ect.

The present invention relates to a coating or sealing composition of the type comprising: (A) a material comprising: at least one agent adapted to form a coating or sealer, and

at least one additive defining a chemical and/or a U.V.

stabilizer and/or antioxidant; and (B) a volatile excipient in which the above ingredients are either dispersed or dissolved.

Advantageously, the invention relates to a composition defining a clear coating or sealer, and comprising: (A) from 1 to 60% by weight of a material comprising: at least one agent adapted to form a clear coating or sealer; and at least one additive defining a U.V. stabilizer and/or antioxidant; and (B) from 99 to 40% by weight of a volatile excipient in which the above ingredients are either dispersed or dissolved.

Advantageously, the U.V. stabilizers and/or anti- oxidants may be selected from the group consisting of diterbutylparacresol, 4-dodecyloxy-2-hydroxybenzophenone, resorcinol monobenzoate and resorcinol.

Advantageously, the additive defining a U.V. stabilizer and/or antioxidant may at least comprise a mixture of diterbutylparacresol and resorcinol. Preferably, the diterbutylparacresol and the resorcinol are respectively in such an amount to represent from 0.00001 to 150 g per liter of resulting composition without the U.V. stabilizer and/or antioxidant.

Advantageously, the additive defining a U.V. stabilizer and/or an antioxidant may represents from 0.0005% to 0.2% (more preferably from 0.005% to 0.1%) by weight with respect to the total weight of the composition.

Preferably, the agent adapted to form a coating or sealer may be selected from the group consisting of

polymers, coalescents, plasticizers, waxes, alkali soluble resins and mixtures thereof.

Particularly preferred polymers may be selected from the group consisting of acrylic polymer emulsion, modified acrylic zinc complexes polymer latex, modified acrylic zinc completed polymer emulsion, acrylic styrene metal cross linked copolymers emulsion, styrene acrylic metal cross linked copolymers emulsion, acrylic styrene copolymers emulsion, styrene acrylic copolymers, mixture of any of those with urethane and fluoroacrylic polymers.

Particularly preferred coalescents may be selected from the group consisting of monomethyl ether of diethylene glycol, monoethylether of diethylene glycol and mono- methylether of dipropylene glycol.

Particularly preferred permanent plasticizers may be selected from the group consisting of dibutyl phthalate, triphenylphosphate and tributoxyethyl phosphate.

Particularly preferred waxes may be selected from the group consisting of polyolefin waxes and ester of polyolefin waxes.

Particularly preferred waxes may be selected amongst carnauba, mortar and other natural waxes.

Particularly preferred alkali soluble resins may be selected from the group consisting of acrylic interpolymer of copolymer metal, ionic cross linked type or alkali soluble resins or acrylic resin or acrylic terpolymer resins. Examples of particularly preferred alkali soluble resins may be selected from the group consisting of styrene maleic anhydride aqueous ammoniacal solution.

Particularly preferred excipients may be selected from the group consisting of water, coalescent mixtures of solvents and azeotropic mixtures of solvents.

Advantageously, additives may further comprise at least one sensor such as a clear filler defining a color precursor adapted to reveal the presence of the coating or sealer under determined conditions.

Sensors may define color precursors, odor precursors, sound precursors ect. Preferably, sensors are color precursors (including colors revealed by fluorescence).

They are advantageously uniformly distributed in the coat or seal and they may be stabilized if necessary for energy revel with proper substances (phenolic or any other materials).

A particularly preferred clear filler defining a color precursor may consist of phenolphthalein and is adapted to become colored (including by fluorescence) under appropriate pH conditions.

A particularly preferred clear filler defining a color precursor may consist of thymolphthalein and is adapted to become colored under appropriate pH conditions.

A particularly preferred clear filler defining a color precursor may consist of ortho-cresolphthalein and is adapted to become colored under appropriate pH conditions.

Other particularly preferred clear filler may define a color precursor (by fluorescence) and may be selected from the group consisting of Beta Naphthol and Coumarin.

Advantageously, the clear filler defining a color precursor adapted to reveal the presence of the coating

under determined conditions may be in such an amount to represent from 0.00001 to 150 g per liter of resulting composition without the clear filler and U.V. stabilizer and/or antioxidant. More particularly, the clear filler defining a color precursor may represent from 0.025% to 0.5% by weight (especially from 0.05% to 0.25% by weight) of the total weitht of the composition to obtain.

Advantageously, the composition may further comprises a chemical stabilizer, preferably a buffer to control the pH of the coating or sealer. A particularly preferred buffer may consist of a mixture of citric acid/sodium citrate, trishydroxymethyl amino methane/HCl, sodium methylate/phenyl acetic acid, borax/HCl and 2,4,6-trimethylpyridine, and preferably of borax/HCl.

Advantageously, the pH of the composition may vary from 7.2 to 10.5, more particularly from 8.1 to 8.8. When borax mixture is used, the pH is preferably of 8.2.

Advantageously, the buffer may be in such an amount to represent from 0.00001 to 150 g per liter of resulting coating or sealing composition without buffer and U.V.

stabilizer and/or antioxidant and clear filler. Preferably, the buffer represents from 0.5% to 4% by weight (especially from 1.5% to 2.5% by weight) of the total weight of the composition.

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be better understood, in the light of the following examples.

Example 1 (Prior Art) A floor finish having the following formulation has been prepared: INGREDIENTS WEIGHT % 1 Deonized water 58.05 2 Surfactant(1) (1%) 0.89 3 Anti-foaming agent(2) 0.01 4 Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether 3.74 5 Dibutylphtalate 0.94 6 Tributoxy ethyl phosphate 1 0.94 5-chloro-2-methyl-4 isothiazolin-3-one 0.03 (1.15%) 8 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (0.35%) 0.03 Aqueous acrylic zinc crosslink-polymer 29.57 emulsion (38%)(3) 10 Ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer emulsion 4.19 (4) 11 Non ionic polyethylene emulsion (5) 1.41 12 Phenolphthalein 0.20 TOTAL 100.00 (1) FLUORAD FC-1209 Anionic type fluorocarbon sruface active agent, supplied by 3M.

(2) DEE FO PI 35# Siloxane glycol copolymer, supplied by Ultra Additives Incorporated.

(3) RHOPLEX B-924# supplied by Rohm and Haas Co.

(4) AG-540# supplied by allied Chemical Co.

(5) AC-392 supplied by Allied Chemical Co.

Preparation process at ambiant temperature.(20-25"C) A) Use a first stainless steel tank.

B) Add 80Zo of water directly in the tank.

C) Start a mechanical stirrer for stirring the content of the first stainless steel tank.

D) Add items 4, 5 and 6, in a weight in a second stainless steel tank, mix the content and then transfer in the first stainless steel tank.

E) Add a part of the remaining water in the second stainless steel tank in order to clean it, and then pour the content thereof in the first stainless steel tank.

F) Add item 2 directly in the first stainless steel tank.

G) Prepare an aqueous solution of item 3 and after stirring pour said solution in the first stainless steel tank.

H) Prepare an aqueous solution of items 7 and 8, and after stirring pour said solution in the first stainless steel tank.

I) Add item 9 directly in the first stainless steel tank.

J) Add item 10 directly in the first stainless steel tank.

K) Add item 11 directly in the first stainless steel tank.

L) Add item 12 in 2 liters of NaOH 0.1N, dissolve and pour in the first stainless steel tank.

M) Continue stirring for 2 hours.

Then the resulting mixture was applied on a substrate (an vinyl-asbestos tile) and allowed to set.

Example 2 A floor finish having the following formulation has been prepared: INGREDIENTS WEIGHT % 1 Deonized water 58.19 2 Surfactant (1) (1%) 0.89 3 Anti-foaming agent(2) 0.01 4 Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether 3.74 5 Dibutylphtalate 0.94 6 Tributoxy ethyl phosphate 0.94 7 5-chloro-2-methyl-4 isothiazolin-3-one 0.03 (1.15%) 8 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (0.35%) 0.03 9 Aqueous acrylic zinc crosslink polymer 29.57 emulsion (38%)(3) Ethylene acrylic acid copolymer 4.19 10 (4) emulsion 11 Non ionic polyethylene emulsion (5, 1.41 12 Phenolphthalein 0.05 13 Ditert butyl paracresol 0.01 TOTAL 100.00 (1) FLUORAD FC-120# Anionic type fluorocarbon surface active agent, supplied by 3M.

(2) DEE FO PI 35# Siloxane glycol copolymer, supplied by Ultra Additives Incorporated.

(3) Thoplex b-984t supplied by Rohm and Haas Co.

(4) AC-540 supplied by Allied Chemical Co.

(5) AC-392 supplied by Allied Chemical Co.

Preparation process at ambiant temperature.(20-25"C) A) Use a first stainless steel tank.

B) Add 80% of water directly in the tank.

C) Start a mechanical stirrer for stirring the content of the first stainless steel tank.

D) Add items 4, 5 and 6, in a weight in a second stainless steel tank, mix the content and then transfer in the first stainless steel tank.

E) Add a part of the remaining water in the second stainless steel tank in order to clean it, and then pour the content thereof in the first stainless steel tank.

F) Add item 2 directly in the first stainless steel tank.

G) Prepare an aqueous solution of item 3 and after stirring pour said solution in the first stainless steel tank.

H) Prepare an aqueous solution of items 7 and 8, and after stirring pour said solution in the first stainless steel tank.

I) Add item 9 directly in the first stainless steel tank.

J) Add item 10 directly in the first stainless steel tank.

K) Add item 11 directly in the first stainless steel tank.

L) Add item 12 and 13 in 2 liters of NaOH 0.1N, dissolve and pour in the first stainless steel tank.

M) Continue stirring for 2 hours.

Then the resulting mixture was applied on a substrate (an vinyl-asbestos tile) and allowed to set.

Example 3 A floor finish having the following formulation has been prepared: INGREDIENTS WEIGHT % 1 Deonized water 56.31 2 Borax buffer adjusted to pH 8,2 1.88 3 Surfactant (1) (1%) 0.89 4 Anti-foaming agent (2) 0.01 5 Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether 3.74 6 Dibutylphtalate 0.94 7 Tributoxy ethyl phosphate 0.94 8 5-chloro-2-methyl-4 isothiazolin-3-one 0.03 (1.15%) 9 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (0.35%) 0.03 Aqueous acrylic zinc crosslink polymer 29.57 emulsion (38%)(3) 4. acrylic acid copolymer 4. 19 11 Ethylene acrylic acid copolymer emulsion 12 Non ionic polyethylene emulsion (5, 1.41 13 Phenolphthalein 0.05 14 Ditert butyl paracresol 0.01 TOTAL 100.00 (1) FLUORAD FC-120 Anionic type fluorocarbon surface active agent, supplied by 3M.

(2) DEE FO PI 35# Siloxane glycol copolymer, supplied by Ultra Additives Incorporated.

(3) Rhoplex B-924 supplied by Rohm and Haas Co.

(4) AG-540 supplied by Allied Chemical Co.

(5) AC-392 supplied by Allied Chemical Co.

Preparation process at ambiant temperature.(20-25"C) A) Use a first stainless steel tank.

B) Add 80% of water directly in the tank.

C) Start a mechanical stirrer for stirring the content of the first stainless steel tank.

D) Add items 5, 6 and 7, in a weight in a second stainless steel tank, mix the content and then transfer in the first stainless steel tank.

E) Add a part of the remaining water in the second stainless steel tank in order to clean it, and then pour the content thereof in the first stainless steel tank.

F) Add item 2 directly in the first stainless steel tank.

G) Prepare an aqueous solution of item 3 and after stirring pour said solution in the first stainless steel tank.

H) Add item 4 directly in the first stainless steel tank.

I) Prepare an aqueous solution of items 8 and 9, and after stirring pour said solution in the first stainless steel tank.

I) Add item 10 directly in the first stainless steel tank.

J) Add item 11 directly in the first stainless steel tank.

K) Add item 12 directly in the first stainless steel tank.

L) Add items 13 and 14 in 2 liters of NaOH 0.1N, dissolve and pour in the first stainless steel tank.

M) Continue stirring for 2 hours.

Then the resulting mixture was applied on a substrate (an vinyl-asbestos tile) and allowed to set.

This formulation is merely made by mixing of various ingredients in a mixer. Then the resulting mixture was applied on a substrate and allowed to set.

Table EXAMPLE 1 EXAMPLE 2 EXAMPLE 3 COLOR Yellow-beige White White APPEARANCE Pantone AFTER (30 5245C DAYS) Gloss 1 x x x (n=6) 20° 60° 20° 60° 20° 60° 1 coat 3.8 19.4 5.9 27.8 6.7 30.2 2 coats 12.7 42.7 14.5 46.5 18.4 53.9 3 coats 16.8 49.2 26.6 59.1 38.9 77.5 Sensor Very bad Good Good activity appearance appearance appearance (1 year) Sensor Full red Full red chemically Color Color degraded activity activity Commercial NO YES YES validity *1 Lost of gloss for Example 1 is important but the yellow beige appearance associated makes it look like a real worn floor finish. It has absolutely no commercial value at all.

From those results, double stabilization by both buffer and antioxidant is even better. One can even appreciate better gloss values in Example 3. In terms of gloss value, the measurement at 20° represent a depth of gloss and the 60° is the brightness perceived by the customer walking in a hall.

For commercial product, it is very important to sell a white and transparent floor finish providing high gloss associated to cleanliness of the coated surface. Example 2 and more particularly Example 3 really meet the above mentioned specifications. The worn appearance generated by chemical sensor degradation in Example 1 make this floor finish of absolutely no commercial value.