MODULAR ELECTRICAL BUS SYSTEM WITH BUILT TN GROUND CIRCUIT

TECHNICAL FBELD

[0001] The field of this invention relates to electrical bus systems that can be used with pneumatic valve manifolds an more particularly a ground system for an electrical bus system.

BACKGROUND OFTHE DISCLOSURE

[0002] Industrial automation uses many control devices. One useful control device combines a plurality of electrical actuated solenoids that control through valves the direction of hydraulic or pneumatic flow for actuating other downstream devices. In recent times these valves have been controlled by field busses which are often mounted adjacent the valve manifold.

[0003] Efforts have been made to modularize the field bus with modular input- output modules (I/O) so additional I/O components can be more easily added on or replaced. Each input/output module has a plurality of fittings which can all be used as input fittings, output fittings, or a mix of input and output fittings. This modularity is desirable to remotely place certain I/O modules closer to a particular sensor or machine. In the past, when such remote mounting is achieved, different remote components must be used.

[0004] Grounding of the electrical bus system is desired. Past grounding systems often relied on the fact that the housings of the modular components were often made from metallic materials which conduct electricity. The ground circuit

often incorporated the metal housings as part of the ground circuit. However, this type of grounding system limited the use of housings made from electrically conductive materials. Light weight but structurally sound materials such as plastic or fiberglass are desired to replace the metal material but may not have the needed electrical conductivity required.

[0005] What is needed is a modular electrical bus system with I/O modules having housing made from lighter weight non-metallic materials which have a grounding system incorporated therethrough.

SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE

[0006] In accordance with one aspect of the invention, a modular electrical bus system for a valve manifold has a main communication module with a plurality of modular I/O units each having a plurality of I/O fittings being both electrically and mechanically connectable together via a bridge member connecting adjacent units and the main communication module. The bridge member fits in a gap formed in front of the recessed front faces between the main faces of two adjacent modular I/O units to mechanically connect and affix to both of the adjacent modular I/O units. The bridge member has an electrically conductive strap mounted therein which is in electrical contact with the ground contacts of the two adjacent modular units.

[0007] In one embodiment, each bridge member has complementary electrical fittings to connect to the electrical fitting of the adjacent modular I/O units to electrically connect the adjacent modular I/O units. The conductive strap is entrapped within the body of the bridge member and has annular exposed shoulders mounted in counterbores in the body. The annular exposed shoulders have a respective aperture therein aligned with a respective aperture within the body of bridge member for receiving and contacting a fastener that engages the contacts in the adjacent modular I/O units.

[0008] Preferably, each modular I/O units has a contact in engagement to a trace on an internal board mounted within the housing and that extends across the housing of the modular I/O unit. In one embodiment, a conductive threaded bushing forms the contact within the housing. The bushing receives a fastener at

one end that mounts the bridge member and a fastener that mounts the board to the bushing at an opposite end.

[0009] In accordance to another aspect of the invention, the housing of the I/O module has a main front face and a first electrical connection proximate to one side and a second electrical connection proximate another side. A plurality of I/O fittings are on the main front face of the housing. One side of the housing is shaped to fit adjacent the other side of an adjacent I/O module and to receive the bridge member. The first electrical connector at a first front face section is recessed from the main front face. The second electrical connector at a second front face section is recessed from the main front face. The first and second front face sections are complementarily shaped to interlock adjacent modules together parallel to a mounting plane of the electrical bus system. The first and second front face sections preferably have complementary shaped dove tail shapes to interlock together. The front face section at one side of the housing and the second front face section at the other side of the housing are aligned at the same distance from the main front face. The first electrical connection is laterally aligned with the second electrical connection of an adjacent module when the adjacent modules are connected together. The bushings are also aligned with each other to receive the fasteners contacting adjacent I/O modules and the bridge member.

[0010] Preferably, the bridge member has fasteners that attach to two adjacent I/O modules to electrically and mechanically connect the I/O modules together with a grounding circuit continuously therethrough. [0011] In accordance with another aspect of the invention, an electrical bus

assembly has a main communication module and a bank of modular I/O units mounted to the side of the main communication module and adjacent each other. Each modular I/O unit has an electrical fitting in proximity to each side thereof. A bridge member spans and connects two adjacent modular I/O units. Each bridge member has complementary electrical fittings for engaging the electrical fittings of two adjacent I/O units. A fastener mounts the modular I/O units to a mounting surface. The bridge member also mechanically connects the adjacent modular I/O units together such that when the bridge members are disengaged from one modular I/O unit, the one modular I/O unit can be removed from the mounting surface and from the bank of modular I/O units without removal of the adjacent left and right modular I/O units.

[0012] Each modular I/O unit encloses electronic boards therein. The modular I/O units are distributable to a remote location and electrically connectable to the main bank and the main communications module. Each electronic board has a ground trace extending thereacross that have opposite ends in contact electrically to each other. The bridge member has electrically conductive contacts mounted therein which are in electrical contact with the ground traces of two adjacent modular units.

[0013] Preferably, the traces in the I/O module are in contact with a fastener that in turn is in contact with a conductive bushing at one end to mount the board to the I/O housing. The conductive bushing receives a fastener at another end that mounts the bridge member to the I/O unit.

[0014] The first electrical connection is laterally aligned with the second electrical connection of an adjacent I/O module when the adjacent modules are

connected together. The bushings are also aligned with each other to receive fasteners contacting adjacent modular I/O units and the bridge member. [0015] In accordance with another aspect of the invention, a bridge member for an electronic bus system has a body made from an electrically non-conductive material. The bridge has electrical connectors for connecting electrical circuits between adjacent I/O modules of the bus system. An internal conductive material extends between two counterbores in the body and has an exposed section in the counter bore. An aperture extends from each counterbore through the body for receiving an electrically conductive fastener that can be in contact with the internal conductive material and to ground traces in adjacent I/O modules to form a complete ground circuit extending through the I/O modules and through the bridge member. Preferably, the body is molded about the conductive material which is in the form of a conductive material being an electrically conductive strap having at least two annular exposed sections mounted above the respective apertures in the counterbores.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Reference now is made to the accompanying drawings in which:

[0017] Figure 1 is a perspective and partially schematic overview of one arrangement according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0018] Figure 2 is a partially exploded view of the main bank of I/O modules and connector clips shown in Figure 1 shown with a fieldbus module and optional terminating plate and bus-out plate;

[0019] Figure 3 is an exploded view of remote I/O station shown in Figure l;

[0020] Figure 4 is an enlarged perspective view of one VO module shown in Figure 1;

[0021] Figure 5 is a partially exploded top side elevational view of adjacent

I/O modules and a connector clip;

[0022] Figure 6 is an exploded view of the I/O housing shown in Figure 3;

[0023] Figure 7 is a rear perspective view of the I/O module shown in

Figure 3;

[0024] Figure 8 is an exploded view of the connector clip shown in Figure

2;

[0025] Figure 9 is a schematic view of the grounding circuit formed by the trace shown in Figure 6 and the clip shown in Figure 8;

[0026] Figure 10 is a perspective view of an second embodiment according to the invention;

[0027] Figure 11 is a front plan view of one I/O module shown in Figure

10;

[0028] Figure 12 is a bottom perspective view of a connecting clip shown in Figure 10;

[0029] Figure 13 is a top perspective view of a backing clip to be connected to the connection clip in Figure 10;

[0030] Figure 14 is a front perspective view of another embodiment of an

I/O module according to the invention;

[0031] Figure 15 is a bottom perspective view of a connecting clip to be used with the VO shown in Figure 14;

[0032] Figure 16 is a front perspective view of another embodiment showing adjacent I/O modules; and

[0033] Figure 17 is a bottom perspective view of the connector clip for the O module shown in Figure 16.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

[0034] Referring now to Figure 1, one arrangement of a modular fϊeldbus system 10 provides control for solenoid actuated valves 12 which controls directional flow in a valve manifold 14 in a main station 16. The main station 16 has main communication module 30 with an alpha-numeric display 22 mounted thereon. The fieldbus system can also have a plurality of I/O modules 18 connected together via bridge members, which are hereinafter referred to as clips 20 that bridge over and connect two adjacent modules 18 and physically and electrically connect together to the main communication module 30. The main communication module 30 connects to and controls the solenoid valves 12. For purposes of this invention, a module may be modular to be connected with other units or may be a stand alone unit.

[0035] The I/O modules 18 may be banked and mounted on a mounting surface 28 such as a machine wall or panel through an available DIN RAIL system or directly fastened to the mounting surface 28. At one end of the main station 16 of the modules 18, main communication module 30 interfaces with a bank of solenoids 12 and a valve manifold 14. The main communication module 30 has a communication fitting 33 and power fitting 43 for main and auxiliary power supplies. The other end of the station 16 of I/O modules has a bus-out mounting plate 32 or, as shown in Figure 2, terminating mounting plate 34. Both plates 32 and 34 have apertures 37 suitable to receive a DIN compliant fastener for mounting to a DIN RAIL mounting system.

[0036] The system is modular such that an VO module 18 may be mounted at a remote station 35 as shown in Figure 1 remotely from the main station 16 of I/O

modules 18. The remote I/O module 18 is identical in structure to the other modules 18 in the main station 16 and is electrically connected and in communication with the main communication module 30 via a bus cable 36 and optional power cable 38. The remote VO module 18 has a bus-in mounting plate 31 and a bus-out mounting plate 32 attached at opposite ends of the I/O module 18, one to receive bus cables 36 and another to extend other bus cables 36 to another optional substation 40. Bus-in plate 31 also has apertures suitable to receive a DIN RATT, compliant fastener. Each bus-in and bus-out plate 31 and 32 has two electrical fittings 45 and 47. The upper located fitting 45 is used for network power and communication through cables 36 and the lower fitting 47 is used for transfer of auxiliary power through cables 38 to the remotely mounted I/O modules 18 as described later. Other remote module stations 35 with a desired number of I/O modules 18 may be serially attached in the same fashion.

[0037] Other substations 40 through the use of electrical bus cables 36 and

38 connect to fitting 45 and 47 and communication module 39 for controlling the bank of solenoids 12 and valve manifold 14 in substation 40. It is of course foreseen that wireless power and communication transmission may also replace bus cables 36 and 38.

[0038] The structure of each module 18 is more clearly shown in Figures 4

-9. Each I/O module 18 is self contained with a housing 19. A cover 96 of housing 19 mounts an alpha-numeric graphical display 22 on the front main face 24 thereof. The front main face 24 also has a plurality of I/O connections or fittings 26. Each I/O fitting 26 may have a commercially acceptable five pin connection that can be used to power and communicate with a variety of sensors and devices (not shown).

Other pin connections may also be acceptable. Each fitting 26 may be used either as an input or an output so that any individual module 18 may have all inputs, all outputs or a mixture of inputs and outputs with either digital or analog signals. The cover 96 has a window 108 for the display 22 that may have a protective transparent cover 109. Cover 96 also has apertures 110 for I/O fittings 26. Apertures 107 may receive operating buttons 130 for working the menus seen on the display 22. As shown in Figure 4, an overlay 113 seals window 108 and cover 109 in the main front face when the alpha-numeric graphical display is in position. [0039] One side 41 of housing 19 has an interlocking extension 42 extending laterally. The interlocking extension 42 has a front face 44 recessed from main front face 24. The front face has electrical fittings 46 and a central threaded insert 48. The shown interlocking extension may be dovetail in shape with angled side walls 50 and a straight end wall 52 parallel to side 58. The extension 42 is centrally located between the upper end 54 and lower end 56 of housing 19. [0040] The other side 58 of housing 19 has two complementary shaped interlocking extensions 60 near the upper end 54 and lower end 56. The extensions have outer side walls 62 that are flush with respective upper and lower ends 54 and 56 of housing 19. Inner angled walls 66 are spaced appropriately to form a dove tail shaped cavity 70 to fit extension 42 of an adjacent module 18. Each extension 60 has a front face 72 that is also recessed with respect to main front face 24 in the same fashion as extension 42. Each extension 60 has an electrical fitting 46 and a threaded insert 48. As shown in Figures 2, 3 and 5, adjacent modules 18 fit together by vertically dropping or sliding one module with respect to another to laterally lock the modules together via the interlocking extension 42 and extensions

60. In other words the two modules are locked together along the mounting surface plane 28 shown in Fig. 1. A gap 74 as most clearly seen in Figure 5 is then formed therebetween extending down to the vertically aligned front faces 44 and 72 of extensions 60 and extension 42. Each gap 74 receives clip 20 to complete the assembly and prevent the adjacent modules 18 from lifting with respect to each other by being fastened into threaded insert 48.

[0041] The interior of the module 18 housing is more clearly shown in

Figure 6 where the housing 19 is opened up to view the interior thereof. The module 18 has a front board 86 that mounts the alpha-numeric graphical display 22 and 170 fittings 26. The display 22 and fitting 26 may be structurally connected in other fashions. A rear board 88 is affixed to and spaced from the front board 86. The boards 86 and 88 are connected to the cover 96 of housing 19 via long fasteners 90 and guide tubes 92 that enter through holes or slots 97 in backboard 88 and extend to front board 86. The long fasteners 90 engage threaded receptacles 94 in the inside of cover 96 of housing 19. The first board 88 is sandwiched between the housing cover 96 and guide tube 92 to be secured. The rear board 88 also mounts the electrical fittings 46 through an appropriate solder connection. Traces (not shown) on board 88 connect the fittings 46 on one side 41 to respective fittings 46 on the other side 58 of housing 19 to transfer power and communication therebetween. The VO fittings 26 are also electrically connected to board 88 via board 86 to be in communication with both display 22 and fitting 46 where information can then be transferred to main communication module 30. [0042] Referring now to Fig. 9, ground trace 100, for example a ground plane, also extends across the rear board 88 from apertures 102 to aperture 104.

The ground trace 100 is in electrical communication with conductive threaded fasteners 106 as they extend through apertures 102 and 104. The fasteners 106 engage the underside of threaded inserts 48 from the interior of cover 96 to mount rear board 88. The threaded inserts 48 are made from an electrically conductive material such as brass or other metal and is molded or affixed into the cover 96 of housing 19. Each insert 48 has two blind holes 99 so that even when fasteners are not engaged thereto, the insert does not allow access from the ambient exterior to the interior of housing 19.

[0043] Once the board 86 is affixed to cover 96 through long fasteners 90, the boards 86 and 88 are closed within housing 19 by placement of a backing member 112 of housing 19. The backing member 112 may be secured to cover 96 to enclose the components within the housing 19 as shown in Figure 7. The housing cover 96 has an aperture 116 that passes therethrough that can be used to directly mount the VO module 18 to the mounting surface 28. [0044] As shown in Figure 8, because the panel 16 has electrically connected fittings 78 which electrically connect to fittings 46 of one module 18 in Fig. 2 and at one side 41 to respective fittings 46 on the other side 58 of another module 18. As such, two continuous electrical circuits are made throughout the entire bank of modules 18. The upper fittings 46 are primarily used to transfer network power and communications to the I/O data circuits for fittings 26 and to fitting 45 in bus-out mounting plate 32. The lower fittings 46 are used to transfer auxiliary power to the I/O module 18 and lower fitting 47 of the bus-out mounting plate 32 and to each I/O module fitting 26. An additional auxiliary power supply may be attached to any of the lower fittings 47 of the bus-in or bus-out plates 31

and 32 to provide for example up to 4 amps at 24 volts. Electrical bus cables 36 and 38 can provide communication and auxiliary power to the remote stations 35 and 40 which also transfer power throughout in the same fashion as the main station 16.

[0045] Clip 20 as shown more clearly in Figure 2, 5, and 8 has an elongated body 74 housing a pair of electrical circuit boards 76 each with two male fittings 78 that have a protective shroud 80 thereabout. The protective shroud 80 may be held in place to the body via fasteners 82 engaging through the aperture 84 in shroud 80 to engage the body 74. The fittings 78 and shroud 80 each fit and connect to the fittings 46 in the extensions 42 and 60.

[0046] The clip 20 also has a molded-in conductive strap 118 that has three annular contact shoulders 120 that are exposed in counter bores 122 about apertures 124. Conductive threaded fasteners 126 extend through the apertures 124, engage the contact shoulders 122 and threaded insert 48 in the extensions 42 and 60 in adjacent modules 18. The fasteners 126 both mechanically affix two adjacent modules together as well as provide a continuous grounding circuit between two adjacent modules 18.

[0047] The completion of the grounding circuit is described by a referring to Figures 1 and 9. The bus-in and bus-out mounting plates 31 and 32 also have similar grounding straps 118 molded directly therein. End terminating mounting plate 34 may also have a similar grounding strap 118 therein. Fasteners 126 engage the grounding strap 118 as it fastens the mounting plates 31 , 32 or 34 to module 18. A ground wire 128 is now placed under any one of the fasteners 126 mounting the modules 18, and mounting plates 31, 32 or 34. The wire 128 is connected to the

metal frame of the equipment for example mounting surface 28. [0048] The grounding circuit through the modules 18 and clips 20 is shown schematically in Figure 9. The fastener 106 passing through aperture 104 engages threaded insert 48 in extension 42 and is in contact with trace 100 of first module 18. A fastener 126 then engages the top of threaded insert 48 in extension 42 which engages the center annular contact shoulder 120 of clip 20. Fasteners 106 and 126 and threaded inserts 48 are all made from a metal or other electrically conductive material. The conductive strap 118 with its center annular contact shoulder 120 extends to the two outer contact shoulders 120. The outer contact shoulders are engaged by conductive fasteners 126 which engage conductive threaded inserts 48 in housing cover 96 at extensions 60. The threaded inserts 48 also engage conductive fasteners 106 which pass through board 88 at apertures 102 and are in electrical contact with the ground trace 100 on rear board 88. The trace 100 extends across board 88 to aperture 104 which then similarly is in electrical contact with a conductive fastener 106 passing through aperture 104. The ground circuit then repeats through the adjacent clip 20 and an adjacent module 18. [0049] The clip 20 thus grounds the modules 18 together. The clip 20 also electrically connects modules 18 together with a power source and auxiliary power connector 43 through fittings 78 that connect to fittings 46 and also mechanically affixes modules 18 together. The interlocking extensions 42, 60 and cavity 70 of two adjacent modules 18 expedites mounting one module 18 to another by temporarily holding the modules 18 in place against mounting surface 28 while they become affixed by clip 20. [0050] Furthermore, this construction provides for an intermediately

positioned FO module to be removed by lifting away from mounting surface 28. By removing adjacent clips 20, the extensions 42 60 and cavity 70 are exposed and a module 18 can be lifted out. A replacement I/O module 18 can be positioned in the space provided without moving the other VO modules 18. Optionally, the other I/O modules can be moved together and joined together through the interlocking connection eliminating the space left by the removed I/O module. Furthermore, if an additional I/O module 18 is needed, the plates 31, 32 or 34 can be temporarily removed, to form a space where an additional module 18 can then be introduced and the plates 31, 32 and 34 can be re-connected to complete the mechanical, electrical and ground connection. Furthermore in similar fashion an additional module 18 can be introduced between two other modules 18. [0051] The mounting plates 32 and 34 can be used on either the main station 16 or the remote distribution stations 35 and 40. Bus-in plates 31 can be used for the remote stations 35. The modular properties of the I/O modules 18 and the components 31, 32 and 34 provide for a wide range of distribution and optional constructions.

[0052] An alternate construction for providing a modular I/O for a fieldbus valve manifold is shown in Figures 10-13. In Figures 10 -13, a module 218 has a housing 219 with a main front face 224 that have I/O fittings 226. The housing 219 has upper and lower shoulders 242 that have front faces 244 recessed with respect to main front face 224. Each shoulder 242 had two electrical connectors 246 and a dovetail shaped cavity 270. Clips 220 each have complementary electrical fittings 278 as shown in Figure 12 that can connect to connectors 246 to electrically connect adjacent modules 218 together. The clip 220 also has a male dove tail

projection 242 that fits within each cavity 270 and mechanically locks the adjacent modules 218 together. The clip also has an aperture 215 that allows a threaded fastener 236 to extend therethrough and engage and backing clip 225 that also has a tapered dovetail projection 245 as shown in Figure 13.

[0053] Each module similarly has an alpha-numeric display 222 which indicates the status or other parameters of each signal connected to fitting 226. Label holders 221 may also be built into each housing 219.

[0054] Another embodiment is shown in Figures 14-15 where a module

318 has a pair of dove tail shaped cavities 370 positioned at a side recessed shoulder 360 that extend between the lower and upper shoulders 343. An I-shaped clip 320 extends over both lower and upper shoulders 343 to connect the electrical connectors 346 of adjacent modules together through connectors 378 and has a pair of double dovetail projections 342 to engage the cavities 370 to mechanically lock adjacent modules 318 together. The alpha-numeric display 322 may be vertically positioned down the length of the module 318.

[0055] Figures 16 and 17 disclose another embodiment where the module

418 has electrical fittings 446 on both side shoulders 460 and a single dovetail cavity 470 are aligned. The dove tails of adjacent modules 418 are face to face and engage a dovetail projection 442 of clip 420 which also has two pair of complementary electrical fittings 478. The module 418 has an alpha-numeric display 422.

[0056] The electronics of the modular bus I/O system has an alpha-numeric graphical display 22, 222, 322 and 422 or LED, LCD type display that can display the status and other parameters of the I/O modules and the main communication

module and other verbiage such as errors or addresses of the modules. The display may be a commercially available pixel display product. It is also foreseen that other LED, LCD or other visual display panels may be suitable. The display 22 has two operating push buttons 130 which may scroll through menus as prepared for the particular modular banks and I/O modules. The display 22 is capable of scrolling longer messages as needed.

[0057] The display 22 can be used to display the status of the I/O that is connected. For example a positioned square is lit with the number of the VO being formed by blackout so the number is viewed in a negative formation within a lighted square.

[0058] Proper manipulation of the operating push buttons 130 can scroll through menus to display and adjust certain properties many of which were previously only viewable through external devices. For example, the following node properties may be viewed: network node address, Baud rate, I/O sizes diagnostic information and firmware revision levels. It may also be used to display and allow the user to adjust network address, the Baud rate, the parameters for I/O sizes, and self test mode.

[0059] The valve manifold sub-node properties may be viewed for example, VO range, communication errors, short circuit errors, aux power status, firmware revisions and may also be used to display and adjust the individual module self test. The VO module menu may display for example, the I/O range, type analog digital, input, output, input/output, NPN or PNP, communication errors, short circuit errors, aux power status, analog signals, firmware revisions, and may used to display and allow the user to adjust the individual module self test mode

and debouncing delay settings.

[0060] The main network attached to the fieldbus system has a host controller that allows each attached module to be addressed. Rather than manually setting dip switches, there can be an auto address scheme where each module is sequentially addressed so the main communication module knows where the signal of the particular I/O fitting 26 resides.

[0061] An optional memory board may be incorporated into the main communication module or as an additional module which can save the initial parameters. The parameters can then be changed at an VO module and downloaded back to the memory module. A manual configuration board can be substituted for the memory board. In this structure configuration, one can replace the main communication node without reconfiguration of the new unit. ^

[0062] Each I/O module may have an internal sensing circuit that automatically recognizes when the network power falls below a usable level and will automatically switch to the auxiliary power source provided by the lower fitting 43 in the main communication module 30 from the sub-network power also provided through the lower fitting 43 in the main communication module 30. If one power system falters or stops, there may be an automatic switch to change over to the other power source. Auxiliary power may also be provided to a lower fitting 47 in the bus-in plate 31.

[0063] hi this fashion a flexible distribution bus system can be made from housing components made from plastic or other types of desirable materials that are non-conductive by incorporating a separate grounding system built therein. The ground system no longer relies on the conductivity and abutment of metallic

housings of the modules. The individual I/O modules are self contained and protectively enclose the electronic boards. The modularity and self containment of the modules allows them to be removed and remotely mounted by themselves as remote substations either individually or with other connected modules and valves. [0064] The removal and replacement of the modules are expeditiously accomplished through its unique connecting structure. The clip easily connects the modules together and the modules are constructed to provide transitional integrity of assembly while the clip is being connected to adjacent modules. Furthermore, the modules by being self contained units can be remotely positioned without the need of specialized end plates.

[0065] The display 22, 222, 322, 422 can allow the user to see important properties by scrolling through a menu as needed and even remotely adjust certain properties. The modules automatic addressing system and automatic power selection provides for a more trouble free and updated fieldbus system that is particularly useful for solenoid actuated manifold valve and VO systems. Modules as used in this application may cover a stand alone unit which houses a display. [0066] Other variations and modifications are possible without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.