State of the art.

Pascal's law (also Pascal's principle or the principle of transmission of fluid-pressure) is a principle in fluid mechanics given that states that a pressure change at any point in a confined incompressible fluid is transmitted throughout the fluid such that the same change occurs everywhere. This is demonstrated in an experiment called the hydrostatic paradox. It proves that any quantity of liquid, however small, may be made to support any weight, however large. In other words: the hydrostatic pressure depends only on the height of the fluid , and not on its weight. This principle is never used in an application to generate renewable power.

Drawing

A schematic representation of an upside-down T-shaped container is provided in Figure 1. In this embodiment the container has two standing vertical arms, but the invention also works with a single arm. The right arm 1.1 is closed and comprises a gas, it further comprises a first closing valve 1.4.. Containing a higher fluid column this side represent the high pressure side and the valve is being referred to as the high pressure closing valve (HP CV)). The left arm 1.2 which is equally closed, also comprises a gas and it also comprises a closing valve 1.5. Comprising a lower fluid column this side is the low pressure side and the valve being referred to as the low pressure closing valve (LP CV). The two standing vertical arms 1.1 and 1.2 are fluidly connected through an horiziontal section 1.3. As evident from the top view (left) this horizontal section has a large surface fluid bottom when compared to the cross sections of the vertical arms; i.e. at least 3 times larger, preferably at least 4 times larger, more preferably at least 5 times larger.

As further explained herein below, and considering the right and left arm individually, due to the hydrostatic paradox, the following situations occur. The difference in hydrostatic pressure between the open and closed valve conditions of the low-pressure end and the high pressure end can be used to cycle the alternating forces. Thus by alternating the opening and closing of the valves one can cycle the alternating forces, i.e.

- pressure state: closing valve 1.5 then opening closing valve 1 .4

- depressurized state: closing valve 1.4 then opening valve 1.5.

These operations require little energy while the diameter ratio of the horizontal part versus the diameter of the vertical high pressure tube is the multiplication factor.

The applicable formula is hydrostatic pressure times surface. F = A ( rho . g . h) + Pl .1) wherein Pl .1 is the pressure of the gas inside the high pressure side, A the surface of the horizontal part and ( rho . g . h) the hydrostatic pressure of the fluid column inside the high pressure side.

So any container combined with thin surface high pressure tube and large surface fluid bottom is suitable.

Description

In a first embodiment of this invention, at least one upside down T-shaped container or any suitable container is combined with at least one closing valve situated close to the bottom of the vertical part of the container. The container is filled with a fluid to a suitable height. The cross section of the horizontal part of the container is larger, preferable much larger, than the vertical part. When the closing valve is open and you put the container on a scale, the scale will indicate a weight as if the container contains a fluid volume equal to the cross section of the horizontal part times the height of the fluid column in the vertical part of the container. This phenomenon is known as the hydrostatic paradox. However when you close the closing valve, the scale will indicate less weight. The cross section ratio between the horizontal part of the container and the vertical part of the container defines the weight difference between open valve situation and closed valve situation. This weight difference can be used to generate useful power in a down movement of the container with open ‘closing valve’ while it will require less power to move the container with closed ‘closing valve’ upwards. At least one combination of such an upside down T-shaped container or any suitable container with a closing valve and at least one power generation device can be used for 24/365 renewable power generation location and weather independent. It is a novel first ever man made combination that converts gravity into renewable useful power location independent. By regulation the moment of opening and or closing the control valve the combinations’ output power can be tuned seamless. The choice of the used fluid will preferably be done in respect of the fimdamental principles of safe environment, not flammable nor explosive, and non toxic for living organisms but also preferably with a viscosity near the one of the perfect fluids (r<= 1 at 20C) I order to achieve the perfect function of the different moves required.

In a second embodiment of this invention, a container like said in embodiment one is fully closed and only partially filled with the fluid till a height so that the closing valve is totally inside the fluid column of the vertical part of the container. Upper side of the vertical part of the container is filled with a gas. Pressurizing the gas and with open ‘closing valve’ increases the pressure everywhere in the fluid and thus also the force the fluid exercises at the bottom of the container. The pressure in the gas simulates the height of the fluid column. Using pressurized gas allows for generation of very large weight differences between open closing valve situation and closed closing valve situation without the need to have high vertical fluid columns. It allows to miniaturize power generation devices as said in embodiment one of this invention. Also two or more stacked containers reduce size factor and or increase power. The choices of the used gases will preferably be done in respect of the fundamental principles of safe environment, not flammable nor explosive, and non toxic for living organisms.

In a third embodiment of this invention, at least one of the combinations as said in embodiment one and or embodiment two of this invention is combined with at least one system to produce renewable fuels like for example a hydrolysis system or like for example synthetic kerosene.

In a fourth embodiment of this invention, at least one of the combinations as said in embodiment one and or embodiment two of this invention is combined with at least one vertical farm or green house.

In a fifth embodiment of this invention, at least one of the combinations as said in embodiment one and or embodiment two of this invention is combined with at least one transportation device like for example a car or like for example a train or for example a ship or any other kind of transportation device.

In a sixth embodiment of this invention, at least one of the combinations as said in embodiment one and or embodiment two of this invention is combined with at least one desalination system for 24/365 renewable desalinated fluid production.

In a seventh embodiment of this invention, at least one of the combinations as said in embodiment one and or embodiment two is used as driving force in a hybrid drive line.

In an eight embodiment of this invention, at least one of the combinations as said in embodiment one and or embodiment two is miniaturized using for example micro pressure to power converters and or for example micro fluid packaging.