To provide a crystal oscillator equipped with a microminiature tuning fork shaped crystal oscillator vibrating at a bending mode which provides an output signal having a high frequency stability in the frequency of fundamental wave mode vibration, has a small equivalent serial resistance R1and a high quality factor, and a method of manufacturing the same.

The crystal oscillator is provided with the tuning fork shaped crystal oscillator vibrating at a bending mode in which a tuning fork arm and a tuning fork base are provided, grooves or through holes are provided on the upper and lower faces of the tuning fork arm or of the tuning fork arm and the tuning fork base, electrodes are arranged on the side faces of the grooves or the through holes, and electrodes of different polarities are arranged on the side face of the tuning fork arm in opposition to the electrodes. In the crystal oscillator, the figure-of-merit of the fundamental wave mode vibration is greater than the figure-of-merit of secondary or tertiary harmonic mode vibration and further, the output signal is in the frequency of a fundamental wave mode on the basis of the relation of the amplification factor of an amplifier circuit and the feedback rate of a feedback circuit. Such a crystal oscillator is realized with high accuracy.

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