To provide a 2-pot type curable aqueous adhesive excellent in initial bonding strength, continuous bonding strength, durable bonding strength and preservation stability and also having less discoloration over time of its bonded layer, and less lowering of the bonding strength over time even under an acidic/alkaline condition.

This 2-pot type curable aqueous adhesive consists of (I) an aqueous liquid containing (A) a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin having aldehyde group in its side chain and (II) an aqueous liquid containing (B) a compound having a functional group capable of reacting with the aldehyde group.