To obtain an adhesive composition consisting of a vinyl acetate resin- based emulsion as a main component, having a high film elastic modulus even without blending an inorganic filler and a good initial adhesiveness, and a paper tube produced by using the same.

This adhesive composition consists of a vinyl acetate resin-based emulsion as a main component, obtained by an emulsion polymerization of vinyl acetate monomer singly or a monomer composition consisting of vinyl acetate monomer and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable with vinyl acetate monomer in the presence of one kind or more selected from a group consisting of aqueous solutions of methyl vinyl ether and maleic anhydride, a polyamide polyamine (salt), and polyacrylamide (salt).