To obtain an aqueous dispersion resin composition capable of improving the adhesion of a recording layer to a substrate by applying a primer to the substrate and having high water resistance.

The resin composition consists of an emulsion containing (A) a resin obtained by copolymerizing (b) radical-polymerizable unsaturated monomers containing (b1) a polymerizable unsaturated monomer having a hydrolyzable silyl group and (b2) a polymerizable unsaturated monomer having an ion-forming group in the presence of (a) polyvinyl alcohol. The resin (A) contains a resin obtained by copolymerizing 100 pts.wt. of (b) radical-polymerizable unsaturated monomers comprising the monomers (b1) and (b2) and (b3) other polymerizable unsaturated monomers in the presence of 3-300 pts.wt. of (a) polyvinyl alcohol.