To provide an epoch-making construction method and a structure for exhibiting extremely high safety, in a steel structure of a roof or a wall such as a factory, a warehouse and gymnasium, and a floor, a foundation and the ground of an apparatus of an electric power plant and the factory.

A thermal insulation foam layer 3 having quick-drying performance and a resin drawable reinforcing waterproof layer 4 having high strength, are sprayed on a basis material 1 surface of the roof or the wall of a building. A surface layer 5 by any of sunlight resistance or fire resistance or flying spark resistance or heat shielding performance or a combination of these, is applied to or sprayed on its surface. The resin drawable reinforcing waterproof layer having high strength and the surface layer having the sunlight resistance is also applied to or sprayed on the basis material surface of the steel structure. The thermal insulation foaming layer having quick-drying performance and the resin drawable reinforcing waterproof layer having high strength are sprayed on a surface of the floor, the foundation and the ground of the apparatus for preventing a dangerous substance leaking-out accident of the electric power plant and the factory. An incombustible surface layer and/or a protective sheet layer are arranged on a surface of the reinforcing waterproof layer.