To increase electron emission efficiency by providing an electron emitting section on a conductive film astride a pair of element electrodes, and providing a solid solution of two or more kinds of elements near the electron emitting section.

A conductive film 4 is constituted of a conductive film 4a of a first layer and a conductive film 4b of a second layer. A material containing elements soluble together and having a high melting point when solved is used for the combination of materials used for the conductive films 4a, 4b, and the combination for generating a fully solid solution 6 is preferably used. The solid solution 6 of elements contained in the conductive films 4a, 4b is used for an electron emitting section 5 and its vicinity, and the melting point is raised or the mechanical strength is improved as compared with the conductive films 4a, 4b. When large field intensity is applied, the electron emission quantity and electron emission efficiency can be improved, and an effect is exerted for the life and reliability of the electron emission section 5.