To provide a means for efficiently separating and recovering fine particles (metal, metal compounds and organic compounds) dispersed in liquid and gas.

DNA being a polymer in a living body is added to liquid mixed with the fine particles to bring the fine particles into contact with the DNA, and the fine particles are captured by the DNA to be a coagulated state. The fine particles are precipitated to be separated from the liquid. In the separated fine particles and DNA, the fine particles are separated and recovered, and reused, when the DNA is removed using a known method like burning. On the other hand, for the gas mixed with the fine particles, the DNA is included and held in a publicly known filter for capturing the fine particles in the gas, aerosol containing the fine particles is induced to capture the fine particles by the DNA, to separate the fine particles from the gas.