To provide a gas barrier material which has a high gas barrier property, is excellent in bending resistance, and has transparency, and also, to provide a manufacturing method for the gas barrier material, a gas barrier material having a transparent conductive film using the gas barrier material, and an organic electroluminescent element.

This gas barrier material has at least a barrier film on a base material. In the gas barrier material, the barrier film is a metal oxide film, a metal nitride film or a metal oxynitride film of the same composition. Also, the gas barrier material adjacently has at least two layers of subsidiary barrier layers being different in hardness.

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