To provide a method capable of producing a β-acyloxycarboxylic acid or a β-acylcarboxyketone under mild conditions from readily available raw materials.

An alcohol represented by formula (2) is reacted with an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound represented by formula (3) in the presence of an imide compound catalyst represented by formula (1) and oxygen to produce the objective β-acyloxycarboxlic acid or β-acyloxyketone compound represented by formula (4). In the above formulas, R1 and R2 are each hydrogen atom or the like or R1 and R2 may be bonded to form a double bond or an aromatic or non-aromatic ring; X is oxygen atom or hydroxyl group; Ra, Rb, Rc and Rd are each hydrogen atom, an organic group or the like; Re and Rf are each hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group or the like; Y is a hydroxyl group when Re is hydrogen atom and Y is Re when Re is the hydrocarbon group or the like excluding the above hydrogen atom.