To exchange positional information accurately and efficiently with a reduced data volume and a reduced processing load.

A shape data preparing part 104 of a transmission side device 100 checks coordinate data in a start point of a data as a start data of a shape data, from the start point toward the endpoint, when inputting positional information desired to be transmitted from a map matching part 102 or a route search part 103 to a reception side device 110, for example, a route data 109, a map data 108 or the like, and the coordinate data in a branch point is made to serve as the shape data when the branch point satisfying a fixed rule exists. A transmission data preparing part 105 prepares a transmission data including the shape data to be transmitted by a data transmission part 106. A data reception part 111 receives the transmission data, in the reception side device 110, and a map matching part 112 specifies therein the positional information to be restored by conducting matching processing using the shape data and a map data 115.