To provided a range correction unit and a heavy charged particle beam radiation apparatus realizing reduction in time, cost and the like for medical treatment by automatically controlling the range of radiation against a target for every target.

The heavy charged particle beam radiation apparatus (heavy particle beam cancer treatment apparatus) 11 is provided with the range correction unit 12 for controlling the range of the radiation beam 1 against the target 4 by absorbing the energy of the radiation beam 1. The range correction unit 12 comprises an energy absorption layer 14 made of a plurality of leaves 13 absorbing the energy of the radiation beam 1 and a plurality of actuators 15 for advancing/retreating the leaves 13 of the energy absorption layer 14 to/from the path of the beam 1. The leaves 13 are formed in a rectangular plate shape, and are arranged parallelly in a plurality of rows in the Y direction and opposite in its lengthwise direction (X direction).