To provide an improved system for collecting and transporting forestland residual materials.

The system for collecting and transporting forestland residual materials comprises a preprocessing vehicle 1 cutting forestland residual materials R into cut pieces C, and a crush and transportation vehicle 2 crushing the forestland residual materials R and the cut pieces C into chips and also collecting and transporting the chips, and includes the process with preprocessing in which the cut pieces C are collected as the chips by the crush and transportation vehicle 2 after the preprocessing in which the forestland residual materials R are formed into the cut pieces C by the preprocessing vehicle 1, and the process without preprocessing in which the forestland residual materials R are collected as the chips only by the crush and transportation vehicle 2. The chips collected through the respective processes are transported by the crush and transportation vehicle 2.